JP2005319511A - Garbage compressing device and method for compressing garbage by the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage compressing device which can be sufficiently cleaned without needing extensive dismantlement, can be relatively simply kept in sanitary condition and can be installed in a relatively small space. <P>SOLUTION: The garbage compressing device is provided with a pressure-proof bottom plate 2 which can open or close a bottom exhaust port 11 and a cylindrical body 1 for compression which has a number of draining holes 13, 13, ... on its circumferential wall 12 and is fixed perpendicularly. A piston 3 for compression comprising a coil spring 33 and a spring case 34 into which the upper portion of a piston head 31 is inserted, is connected to the bottom end of a vertical pressing mechanism 4 placed on the top of the garbage compressing device so as to interlock with the vertical pressing mechanism 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

    The present invention has all fields related to the dust disposal technology as its technical field, and provides not only the field of manufacturing the dust compression processing apparatus, but also the equipment and instruments necessary for the manufacturing, From the field of sales, materials that are required for such materials, machinery and parts, such as wood, stone, various fibers, plastics, various metal materials, etc., electronic components incorporated in them, and integration of them In general, it is generally called industrial machinery such as the field of control related equipment, the field of various measuring instruments, the field of the equipment, the power machine that moves the equipment, the field of electric power and energy as the energy and the field of oil. Fields, and further, test and research these facilities and equipment, fields related to their display, sales, import and export, generals, results of their use, and facilities for constructing them. Technical fields that are not related to the fields related to the collection and transportation of garbage waste generated by the operation of equipment, the recycling field that efficiently recycles waste waste, and other new fields that cannot be envisaged at this time Not so much.

(Viewpoints)
In the kitchens of restaurants, hotels, etc., food processing factories, etc., leftovers that are left behind after meals from the residue of various food materials such as vegetables, fruits, and meats that are processed and cooked daily. A large amount of various types of garbage will be generated until it reaches the same level, and the garbage that is discharged in this way is collected at a garbage collection place that is determined for each region and transported to an incineration site by a garbage truck. Incineration treatment has become a common way of treatment so far, but raw garbage that contains a large amount of moisture at the stage of cooking and leftover processing tends to be particularly hot and humid. When it is unavoidable to keep it in a plastic bucket or other garbage-dedicated containers until the garbage collection day, such as in the summer, bad smell and soot are generated due to the fermentation of the garbage. That is, the kitchen and Not only does the area around the garbage collection site become a very unsanitary environment, but the sewage contained in the collected garbage is leaked while the garbage truck is traveling around each garbage collection area. It also leads to soiling around the road, and even when incinerated, raw garbage that contains a large amount of moisture will require enormous fuel consumption for incineration. Troublesome problems with garbage are still unresolved.

(Conventional technology)
Under such circumstances, various techniques have been developed and proposed so far to squeeze raw garbage to remove moisture. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-960, "Raw Disposal Equipment" Disclosed is a crushed part in which the pulverizing blade operates in the pulverizing space, and a squeezing and compressing part connected to the pulverizing space of the pulverizing part via the communicating part in the raw garbage input part provided at the upper part. And while installing the waste collection | recovery part which collect | recovers squeezed garbage in one side of this squeezing compression part, it provides the residual water collection | recovery part which collect | recovers the residual water squeezed by the action | operation of the squeeze compression part The proposal as seen in the invention has already been developed, and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-3911 discloses that the collected powder is stored in a powder storage chamber and the storage chamber is sealed, and then substantially horizontally. The powder in the storage chamber is compressed by compression means consisting of a driving cylinder, piston, etc. Opening the gate means provided on one side of the powder storage chamber, like Sato's “Dust Press Device”, which is designed to discharge the solidified powder from the gate means in a substantially horizontal direction. Techniques have been developed that attempt to reduce not only powdered garbage, including raw garbage, but also compression and processing.
(1) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-960 (2) Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-3911

(Awareness of problems)
However, the “garbage disposal apparatus” of the former Nakane invention has a squeezing compression unit formed by incorporating a compression screw in the cylinder case, but after the garbage is compressed, the garbage disposal apparatus When trying to wash itself to keep it hygienic, the shape of the compression screw is complicated and must be disassembled and cleaned, requiring a lot of time and labor for maintenance, In addition, the “dust press device” seen in the latter Sato devise throws in dust from the top to the bottom and forcibly compresses it with a piston that moves in the horizontal direction. To secure the quantity, a fairly large cylinder and piston mechanism is required, which means that a relatively large installation space is required, and sufficient space is secured. Not only is it unsuitable for kitchens and food processing factories that are difficult to handle, but the density of processing dust in the press direction is not constant, making it difficult to fully demonstrate the capabilities of the dust press machine. There were also drawbacks.

(Object of invention)
Therefore, the present invention can perform sufficient cleaning without requiring large-scale disassembly, can be maintained relatively easily and hygienically, and can be easily installed in a relatively small space. From the judgment that it is not possible to realize a compression device for garbage that can be produced, we started development and research quickly, and as a result of repeating trial and error over many years and many trial productions and experiments, Finally, the present invention succeeded in realizing a garbage compression apparatus having a novel structure and a novel garbage compression method using the same, and the configuration thereof will be described below together with an embodiment representative of the present invention shown in the drawings. Will be described in detail.

(Structure of the invention)
As clearly understood from the embodiments representing the present invention shown in the drawings, the garbage compression apparatus included in the present invention basically includes the following configuration.
That is, the bottom opening of the vertical cylindrical body having a pressure-resistant structure is closed with a pressure-resistant bottom plate so that it can be opened and closed to make an outlet for treated garbage, and the peripheral wall of the vertical cylindrical body is made to penetrate inside and outside. A squeezing cylinder that has a large number of drain holes and is provided with a hopper that expands from the upper end opening toward a predetermined range upward, and is supported and fixed in a predetermined skeleton frame. On the other hand, in the vertically upper part of the cylinder for compression, there is a piston head set to an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder for compression, and the elastic force of the coil spring propagates on the upper end side of the rod. The compression piston, which is inserted into and combined with the spring case axis in the structure to be supported, is supported by the portal skeleton standing on the skeleton frame, and is restricted to the upper level that matches the compression piston axis, At the lower end of the telescopic rod of the vertical pressing mechanism A garbage compressor to gist configuration composed so as to be interlocked through the spring case.

    More specifically showing the invention of this basic configuration, the lower end side opening of the vertical cylindrical body having a pressure-resistant structure is opened and closed with a pressure-resistant bottom plate so as to be an outlet for treated garbage, A cylindrical body for squeezing, in which a large number of drain holes are formed in the peripheral wall of the vertical cylindrical body, and a hopper that is expanded from the upper end side opening toward a predetermined range is arranged. Is supported and fixed in a predetermined skeleton frame, while the outer diameter is set to be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the squeezing cylinder, and the central vertex is substantially vertical. A compression head that has a piston head that has a relatively gentle cone or polygonal pyramid shape facing downwards, and that is inserted into the spring case axis with a structure that allows the spring force of the coil spring to propagate. Piston for standing upright on the skeleton frame It is supported by the gate-type skeleton, and is linked to the lower end of the telescopic rod of the vertical pressing mechanism that is regulated and arranged at the upper position that matches the compression piston axis via the spring case. It becomes the garbage compaction device which became.

    More specifically, the opening on the lower end side of the vertical cylindrical body having a pressure-resistant structure is opened and closed freely with a pressure-resistant bottom plate having an opening / closing mechanism comprising a horizontal slide type air cylinder and a compressor connected thereto. In addition to a discharge port for treated garbage, a large number of drain holes are formed in the peripheral wall of the vertical cylindrical body so as to penetrate the inside and outside of the vertical cylindrical body. The squeezing cylinder having a hopper is supported and fixed in a predetermined skeleton frame, while the squeezing cylinder is slightly above the inner diameter of the squeezing cylinder vertically above the squeezing cylinder. With a relatively small gradient cone or polygonal pyramid shape with the central apex facing substantially vertically downward, and the elastic force of the coil spring propagates to the upper end of the rod Spring case axis A vertical slide type hydraulic pressure in which a compression piston inserted and combined is supported by a portal skeleton portion standing on the skeleton frame and is regulated and arranged at a higher position matching the compression piston axis. It is possible to provide a garbage compacting device that is configured to be interlocked with the lower end of a telescopic rod of a pressing mechanism including a cylinder and a hydraulic pump connected thereto via the spring case.

    Similarly, the opening on the lower end of a vertical cylindrical body with a pressure-resistant structure is closed and opened with a pressure-resistant bottom plate having an opening / closing mechanism consisting of a horizontal slide type air cylinder and a compressor connected to it. In addition to a discharge port for garbage, a large number of drain holes are formed in the peripheral wall of the vertical cylindrical body so as to penetrate inside and outside. The squeezing cylinder that is formed is supported and fixed in a predetermined skeleton frame, while the squeezing cylinder is vertically above the squeezing cylinder and is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the squeezing cylinder. A spring with a piston head that is set in diameter and has a relatively gentle cone or polygonal pyramid shape with the central apex facing substantially vertically downward, and a structure in which the elastic force of the coil spring propagates on the upper end of the rod Inserted into the case axis, assembled The combined compression piston is supported by the portal skeleton standing on the skeleton frame, and is regulated and arranged in a higher position that matches the compression piston axis. An automatic control unit that allows the air cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder to be automatically operated in a suitable place at the right place by interlocking with the lower end of the telescopic rod of the pressing mechanism consisting of a hydraulic pump connected to this via the spring case. In addition, it can be said to be a garbage compression device provided with the input operation panel.

(Related invention)
In relation to the above-described garbage compressing apparatus, the present invention includes a garbage compressing method using the garbage compressing apparatus.
That is, from the hopper on the upper end side of the squeezing cylinder whose pressure-resistant bottom plate is closed, an amount of raw garbage equal to or less than the capacity of the squeezing cylinder is introduced, and the pressing mechanism is operated to move the compression piston relatively. In the process of slowly descending and gradually compressing the garbage, the squeezed water goes out through each drain hole on the peripheral wall surface of the squeezing cylinder, and after reaching a predetermined compression state, The operation of the pressing mechanism is stopped, the moisture is sufficiently removed by applying the same compressive force as the squeezing force over a predetermined time by the elastic force of the coil spring, and then the compression piston is raised by the pressing mechanism, Activate the open / close mechanism to open the pressure-resistant bottom plate, and let the compressed garbage fall naturally, or use the pressing mechanism to lower the compression piston to near the lowest position and forcibly drop it for discharge. After that, the compression piston is raised to the initial position, the pressure-resistant bottom plate is closed, and waiting for new garbage input, and the garbage compression method using the above-described garbage compression device of the present invention. It is.

    More specifically, from the hopper on the upper end side of the squeezing cylinder whose pressure-resistant bottom plate is closed, an amount of garbage equal to or less than the capacity of the squeezing cylinder is introduced, and the pressing mechanism is operated. In the process of lowering the compression piston relatively slowly over a period of 10 to 30 seconds and gradually compressing the garbage, the squeezed water is drained from the peripheral wall surface of the squeezing cylinder. The pressure mechanism is stopped at an appropriate time when the compression force exceeds the spring force of the coil spring, and gradually and gradually over 10 to 40 seconds by the spring force of the coil spring. After removing moisture sufficiently by applying the same compressive force, raise the compression piston by about 100 to 200 mm, operate the open / close mechanism to open the pressure-resistant bottom plate, and naturally drop the compressed garbage. Or after dropping the compression piston to near the lowest position and forcibly dropping it, the compression piston is raised to the initial position, the pressure-resistant bottom plate is closed, and new garbage is thrown in. It becomes the garbage compression method which waits for.

    As described above, according to the garbage compressing apparatus of the present invention, a pressing cylinder composed of a vertical cylindrical body is provided, and the vertical pressing mechanism in which the garbage put therein is arranged in the same garbage collecting direction. Squeezing by pressing force that can follow the properties of garbage that cannot be obtained only by primary squeezing, followed by primary squeezing by a compression piston driven by the squeeze, followed by secondary squeezing by the squeezing force of the spring As a result of the structure, the whole garbage is uniformly compressed to the last minute on average, and the volume can be reduced efficiently enough to reach about 1/10 of the volume before compression processing. In addition, the structure can be made much simpler than that using a compression screw with a complicated shape up to now, and sufficient cleaning can be carried out without extensive disassembly. It can be maintained and managed in a sanitary manner by relatively simple work, and the overall structure itself is simplified and economical compared to the compression method using a cylinder and piston mechanism that moves horizontally. In addition, the vertical pressing mechanism can greatly reduce the installation space, and it is difficult to secure sufficient space, such as in limited kitchens and food processing factories. In addition to the equal compression efficiency that makes it easy to install inside, excellent characteristics can be obtained in any aspect such as economy, handling, maintenance, and management.

    Further, according to the garbage compression method using the garbage compression apparatus of the present invention, an amount of garbage equal to or less than the capacity of the pressing cylinder is put into the pressing cylinder, and the compression piston is moved relatively slowly. In the process of compressing the garbage, the squeezed water is drained through each drainage hole, and when the specified compression state is reached, the pressing mechanism is stopped, and only the elasticity of the coil spring In this way, the downward pressure is exerted on the compression piston, and the process of making sure to follow and squeeze various types of raw garbage by applying compressive force to the raw garbage. For this reason, it is possible to prevent an excessive load from being applied to each compression mechanism portion such as the compression cylinder, the compression piston, and the pressing mechanism, and at the same time, to facilitate the reliable and smooth discharge of moisture from the garbage. Pressurize and squeeze water And it is intended to exert a great effect not I or of enabling providing a garbage compression technology so that the can be obtained and a higher dry state and volume reduction rate.

In implementing the present invention having the above-described configuration, the best or desirable mode will be described.
The pressing cylinder forms a vertical cylindrical body whose lower end side opening is closed, and a predetermined amount of garbage thrown through the upper end opening is pressed down with a predetermined pressure from the upper end opening. It can be compressed and squeezed by the piston for use, and it can perform the function of allowing the squeezed garbage after compression to be dropped and discharged by opening the lower end opening. It must be made of a material and a structure that can withstand, and the peripheral wall of the vertical cylindrical body must have a large number of drain holes penetrating inside and outside. Should be provided with a hopper.

    The drainage hole efficiently drains the moisture exuded from the garbage that has received pressure from the compression piston in the compression cylinder, and the pressure from the compression piston is released. Later, the function of enabling the discharged water to be prevented from returning to the compressed garbage again is performed, and the pressurized garbage itself is not discharged as much as possible. The shape and size should be set so that only water is discharged, and the diameter of each opening is set to be larger as it is located below the squeezing cylinder, or the density is increased. Further, it is possible to make a mesh structure or the like as necessary, and it is desirable that each of them is enlarged in a counterbore shape on the outer wall surface side.

    The compression bottom plate can open and close the discharge port, which is the lower end opening of the squeezing cylinder. In the closed state, the pressure of the pressing piston that is forced down is received via the garbage, That can be compressed, and when the compression is completed and the pressing piston is raised, the discharge port is opened, and the compressed garbage can be dropped and discharged below the pressing cylinder. It should be strong enough to withstand the applied pressure from the pressing piston, and should open and close in the form of a door or sliding door, and can be leveled by an open / close mechanism using an air cylinder or the like. It is desirable to have a structure that slides in the direction to open and close.

    The pressing piston has a discharge port closed and enters a pressing cylinder made of a vertical cylindrical body into which a predetermined amount of raw garbage has been thrown in. Moisture contained in the trash is squeezed gradually and has a function of squeezing, and is formed in a substantially similar shape set to an outer diameter dimension slightly smaller than the inner diameter dimension of the cylinder for pressing, The piston head should have a relatively gentle cone or polygonal pyramid shape with the central apex facing substantially vertically downward, and the outer peripheral wall surface is gradually reduced toward the top at the top of the piston head. A protective cover having a shape is attached, and if necessary, the protective cover can be extended and surrounded so as to protect the spring case disposed above the piston head. Displacement detectors, such as limit switches or pressure sensors, are installed at appropriate positions inside the spring case facing the upper end of the rod, and the piston head rises and displaces relative to the spring case against the spring force of the coil spring. It is assumed that there is provided a pressurizing restricting portion that can stop the stretching operation of the telescopic rod of the pressing mechanism and restrict the raw garbage in the pressing cylinder from being pressurized beyond a predetermined pressure. it can.

    The coil spring is compressed and deformed to release the excessive pressure when excessive compression force is generated when the pressing piston forcibly compresses the garbage in the cylinder for pressing by the pressing mechanism. It has a function that makes it possible to avoid unnecessary breakage, has a sufficient elastic strength to compress garbage, and has a pressing mechanism, a pressing piston, a pressing cylinder, and a compression bottom plate thereof Etc. must be set to an elastic strength that protects against excessive pressure, and is preferably concentrically mounted on the outer periphery of the piston rod disposed in the spring case. In the spring case, a guide groove that is arranged adjacent to and parallel to the piston rod is formed, and an engagement piece that is stretchably mounted in the guide groove and extends in a branch shape from the piston rod at an appropriate position. Engage the end, it may be a component which enables transmitting the spring force.

    The displacement detector is a coil in which the pressure applied to the garbage reaches a certain level or more in the process in which the pressing mechanism extends downward and the pressing piston forcibly compresses the garbage in the pressing cylinder. When the pressing piston is in a state where it cannot be lowered against the spring force of the spring, it is possible to detect the state in which the pressing piston is stopped against the pressing mechanism extending downward. The detection information is transmitted directly or indirectly to the drive source or drive control portion of the pressing mechanism, so that the extending operation of the pressing mechanism can be stopped, and the piston rod end in the spring case The limit switch and pressure sensor arranged to face each other, or the strain gate affixed in place where it is slightly elastically deformed by excessive pressure such as piston rod or coil spring The detection information is transmitted to the battery valve control unit or the hydraulic pump control unit that controls the hydraulic cylinder and directly stops the hydraulic cylinder, or automatically. It is possible to transmit the control signal as appropriate to a battery valve control unit or a hydraulic pump control unit that transmits to the control unit and controls the hydraulic cylinder via the automatic control unit.

    The automatic control unit can sequentially drive and control the compression bottom plate opening / closing mechanism, the pressing piston pressing mechanism, etc. in an integrated and sequential manner, and automatically or depending on the input from the input operation panel. It fulfills the function that can be executed semi-automatically, and must be able to drive and control the drive source or control mechanism part of the opening / closing mechanism and the pressing mechanism etc. in a timely manner by a microcomputer or an electric circuit, for example, The open / close control of a plurality of electromagnetic valves between the air cylinder and the compressor forming the opening / closing mechanism enables the air cylinder to move forward and backward, and the plurality of the valves between the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic pump forming the pressing mechanism It is possible to automatically control the advance and retreat of the hydraulic cylinder by controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve.

    The input operation panel has a function that enables an operator to input and transmit the intention of the worker to the automatic control unit when the worker freely activates and operates the garbage compressing device to efficiently compress the garbage. It should be installed at an appropriate location that is easily accessible by the operator of the garbage compressing device, and a power switch and a button for each process that can execute various operations individually, or A compression start button for one process that can automatically execute a series of compression processes sequentially, or a continuous compression button that enables two or more compression processes to be automatically and continuously operated, etc. A temporary stop button, an emergency stop button, etc. can be provided.

The skeletal frame body is configured such that the compression cylinder and the compression bottom plate opening / closing mechanism are fixedly supported on the inside thereof, and the portal skeleton portion supporting the pressing mechanism of the pressing piston is provided at a predetermined position. It functions as a firm support and fixing, and should be equipped with removable parts, and should be equipped with an automatic control unit and input operation panel as necessary. It is desirable that the outer periphery which is the lower side from the vicinity is surrounded by a waterproof wall which can prevent the drainage at the time of squeezing from scattering around.
In the following, the structure of the present invention will be described in detail together with an embodiment representative of the present invention shown in the drawings.

    The example shown in the front view of the cross-sectioned garbage compactor shown in FIG. 1 and the side view of the cross-sectioned garbage compactor shown in FIG. 2 can be opened and closed freely, and a number of drain holes 13, 13,... Are drilled in the peripheral wall 12, and the squeezing cylinder 1 having a hopper 15 disposed in the upper end opening 14 is fixed vertically, A rod of the piston head 31 is arranged on the portal skeleton 61 erected in the vertical direction, and the vertical pressing mechanism 4 is disposed at the lower end of the telescopic rod 42 of the pressing mechanism 4 vertically above the squeezing cylinder 1. The compression piston 3 formed by combining the upper end side 32 with the coil spring 33 and inserted into the spring case 34 is connected to be interlocked via the spring case 34. A typical implementation in a garbage compactor Shows a.

    As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the garbage dumping apparatus is used for pressing by appropriately placing a horizontal member at a suitable position below the inner side of the skeleton frame 6 formed by assembling the H-shaped steel into a cubic shape. The cylindrical body 1 is fixed with the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical shape directed in the vertical direction, and the cylindrical body 1 for squeezing 1 has a horizontal opening edge directly below the lower opening on the left and right sides. An air cylinder 22, 22 and an open / close mechanism 21 including a compressor (not shown) for supplying compressed air to the cylinders and an electromagnetic valve for automatic control, and the like, are provided with a compressed bottom plate 2 that is slidable in the horizontal front-rear direction. Then, a discharge port 11 that can be opened and closed is formed, and a tray 63 that receives the compressed garbage R is mounted on the ground surface directly below the discharge port 11 so as to be removable. .

    The pressing cylinder 1 is made of a stainless steel pipe having an inner diameter of about 350 mm, a height of about 350 mm, and a wall thickness of about 15 mm, or a steel pipe subjected to rust prevention such as painting or plating, and its peripheral wall 12 has a diameter of about 1 mm. Are arranged and penetrated so as to gradually increase the opening diameter from the upper end side to the lower end side, and each drain hole 13, which becomes the outer peripheral surface side of the peripheral wall 12. 13,... Have been countersunk with a diameter of about 16 mm, and the upper edge of the upper end side opening 14 has an inner edge at the upper end of the skeletal frame 6 disposed on the outer side. Is provided with a hopper 15 formed in a funnel shape.

    Between the front and rear center of the upper and left frames of the skeleton frame 6 that is above the compression cylinder 1, a portal skeleton 61 is erected in a straddle shape, and in the vicinity of the left and right center of the portal skeleton 61, A hydraulic cylinder 41 having its axial center substantially aligned with the center of the cylinder 1 for compression and the telescopic rod 42 are provided, and the pressing mechanism 4 is combined with a hydraulic pump and an electromagnetic valve (not shown) installed at appropriate positions. Formed at the lower end of the telescopic rod 42 is set to an outer diameter of about 335 mm, which is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 1 for compression, and its central part is a vertex protruding downward, and toward the outer peripheral side. A rod 32 erected vertically upward from the center of the upper side of the piston head 31 formed in an inverted conical shape having a gentle slope is inserted into the spring case 34, and a coil spring is inserted in the spring case 34. 3 Are installed concentrically, and the upward pressure applied to the piston head 31 is elastically received by the coil spring 33, and a displacement detector 35 comprising a limit switch is disposed at an appropriate position facing the upper end of the rod 32. It is assumed that the upper end portion of the spring case 34 of the pressing piston 3 to be formed is concentrically arranged.

    An automatic control unit 5 comprising a combination of a microcomputer or a relay circuit is provided on either the left or right side of the portal skeleton 61, and an input operation from an input operation panel 51 provided at an appropriate position of the skeleton frame 6 is provided. Is controlled semi-automatically, and incorporates a pressure regulating unit 52 (not shown) that can control closing of an electromagnetic valve (not shown) of the pressing mechanism 4 in conjunction with the displacement detector 35. It is said.

    The upper rod 32 of the pressing piston 3 is provided with a protective cover 36 that surrounds the periphery and expands its outer shape as it goes downward, and the upper part of the skeleton frame 6 extends from the hopper 15. On the outer peripheral part extending to the lower compression bottom plate 2 opening / closing mechanism 21, waterproof walls 62, 62,... Made of stainless steel plate or steel plate subjected to rust prevention processing such as painting or plating are provided for the compression cylinder. The outer peripheral side of the body 1 is mounted so as to be concealed.

(Operation of Example)
The garbage compression apparatus of the present invention configured as described above is semi-automatically controlled according to the garbage compression method included in the present invention.
The raw garbage compression apparatus operates the power-on switch of the input operation panel 51 to raise the pressing piston 3 and close the compression bottom plate 2 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. As shown by the solid line white arrow in the front view of the cross-sectioned raw garbage compressing apparatus into which the raw garbage is thrown in as shown in FIG. When a small amount of garbage R is introduced through the hopper 15, the protective cover 36 surrounds the piston head 31, so that the garbage R smoothly falls into the squeezing cylinder 1, and smoothly Makes it possible to carry out simple input work.

    When the safety switch is operated and the compression switch of the input operation panel 51 is operated after the appropriate amount of garbage R has been put in, the automatic control unit 5 that has received the start signal receives the electromagnetic valve of the hydraulic cylinder 41 of the pressing mechanism 4. Is controlled to open and the hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pump (not shown) is supplied, the telescopic rod 42 is lowered at a relatively slow speed of about 10 to 30 seconds, and the pressing piston 3 is moved into the squeezing cylinder 1. It shall be forced to enter.

    As shown in the front view of the compression operation state of the cross-section garbage compression apparatus in FIG. 4, the garbage R is gradually compressed, and the waste water squeezed out of the garbage R in the process is used for pressing. Through drain holes 13, 13,... Perforated in the peripheral wall 12 of the cylindrical body 1, as shown by the dashed white arrows in FIG. Moreover, since the piston head 31 is formed in a gentle conical surface shape with the central portion protruding downward, it is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the pressing cylinder 1 and the upper surface of the compression bottom plate 2 with respect to the garbage R. The pressure distributed substantially evenly can be applied and can be squeezed evenly.

    The water that is squeezed in the squeezing cylinder 1 and is discharged through the drain holes 13, 13,... Increases as the garbage R is compressed. The drains 13, 13,..., Which are set to gradually increase the opening diameter, are drained smoothly and quickly without any delay, and the drained moisture is splashed. However, since the squeezing cylinder 1 is surrounded by the waterproof walls 62, 62,..., The squeezing cylinder 1 is surely prevented from scattering to the periphery. However, it is possible to further improve efficiency by forming a drain gutter, a trough, or an annular funnel-shaped portion in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the lower end side of the squeezing cylinder 1, and connecting a drainage pipe line that follows this. To enable efficient and sanitary drainage. That.

    When the telescopic rod 42 is slowly lowered while squeezing the garbage R, the rod 32 of the piston head 31 compresses the coil spring 33 when a pressure sufficient to squeeze the garbage R is reached. Then, the upper end pushes up the limit switch of the displacement detector 35, and the pressurizing restricting portion 52 in the automatic control portion 5 receiving the output signal from the displacement detector 35 controls the lowering of the hydraulic cylinder 41. When the electromagnetic control valve 5 is closed, the further lowering of the telescopic rod 42 is forcibly stopped, and the automatic control unit 5 receiving the start signal of the pressure regulating unit 52 lowers the hydraulic cylinder 41. The piston head 31 receives the elastic force of the coil spring 33 and keeps the stopped state at the position for 10 to 40 seconds. Continuously applied to the garbage R, so that the controls to squeeze more drainage.

    After squeezing out a sufficient amount of moisture in this way, the automatic control unit 5 performs the pressing mechanism 4 of the pressing mechanism 4 as shown in the front view of the cross-sectioned raw garbage compressing apparatus in which the pressing piston in FIG. An electromagnetic valve (not shown) is appropriately operated to raise the telescopic rod 42 of the hydraulic cylinder 41 by an appropriate size, for example, about 100 to 200 mm to release the pressure applied to the garbage R, and then the air cylinder 22 of the opening / closing mechanism 21. , 22 is controlled to supply an electromagnetic valve (not shown) to supply compressed air from a compressor (not shown) so that the compressed bottom plate 2 and the compressed bottom plate of FIG. As shown in the figure, automatically retreating to open the discharge port 11 of the squeezing cylinder 1 and allowing the compressed garbage R to fall naturally into a tray 63 arranged vertically downward; However, even if the garbage R falls naturally or the garbage R does not fall, immediately after the discharge port 11 is opened, as shown in FIG. 4 to control the extension of the telescopic rod 42 to forcibly lower the piston head 31 to the lowest position, and to force the raw garbage R when it does not fall naturally to be pushed out and dropped. It has become.

    After discharging the compressed garbage R, the automatic control unit 5 automatically controls the opening / closing mechanism 21 and the pressing mechanism 4 to return the compression bottom plate 2 to the closed state, and the piston head 31 is set to the uppermost position. It automatically controls to ascend to the initial position, and returns to the state shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and waits for the next dumping of garbage R. As shown in FIG. When the garbage R is input again, the garbage R is squeezed and dropped and discharged through the above-described steps from FIG. 4 to FIG. 6, and the process returns to the initial state shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. In addition, the garbage R can be compressed and processed.

(Effect of Example)
In the garbage compressing apparatus of the embodiment having the above-described configuration, in addition to the features described in the section of the effect of the present invention, the piston head 31 is formed in a gentle conical shape with the central portion protruding downward. Thus, in the process of compressing the garbage R, it is possible to prevent the piston head 31 from slipping or tilting, and to stably move the center portion vertically downward, and the offset load to the pressing mechanism 4 In addition to preventing the occurrence of bending load and the like, a stable compression operation can be obtained, and the durability of the pressing piston 3 and the pressing mechanism 4 can be greatly improved.

    The opening / closing mechanism 21 that opens and closes the compression bottom plate 2 uses horizontal slide type air cylinders 22, 22. The pressing mechanism 4 that serves as a driving force for compressing the garbage R is more powerful, such as a piston. By using the vertical slide type hydraulic cylinder 41 that can use gravity acting on its own weight as a compressive force, it is possible to secure an effective and optimum driving force for each part, and to make the hydraulic cylinder 41 larger in size. By installing the vertical type, it is possible to obtain an advantage that the whole garbage compressing apparatus can be remarkably reduced in size and weight as compared with a dust press apparatus that compresses by a conventional horizontal type compressing apparatus. It will be.

    Furthermore, according to the garbage compression method using the garbage compression apparatus of the embodiment, in the process in which the pressing piston 3 descends and advances into the squeezing cylinder 1 and squeezes the garbage R, When a predetermined pressure sufficient to squeeze R is reached, the coil spring 33 is compressed, and the rod 32 of the piston head 31 operates a limit sensor which is a displacement detector 35 and senses this. The pressurizing restriction portion 52 automatically stops the supply of hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinder 41 of the pressing mechanism 4, so that an excessively compressed state can be automatically avoided. Even after the telescopic rod 42 of the hydraulic cylinder 41 stops, the piston head 31 receives a pressing force from the coil spring 33 and continues to apply a constant pressure regardless of the compressed state of the garbage R. Therefore, more effective squeezing can be performed, and the pressing piston 3 descends for about 10 to 30 seconds, and the compression by the bias of the coil spring 33 after the telescopic rod 42 stops is 10 to 40. Efficient squeezing can be realized in a relatively short time of about a second.

    Furthermore, by raising the pressing piston 3 that has been squeezed by a relatively slight dimension of around 100 to 200 mm, the compressed bottom garbage 2 is released and the compressed garbage R is dropped, In order to press and discharge the garbage R, the descent time of the pressing piston 3 that moves down again can be shortened, and the entire man-hour for compression work can be made efficient.

(Conclusion)
As described above, the garbage compressing apparatus and the garbage compressing method using the same of the present invention can achieve the intended purpose uniformly by the novel configuration, and are easy to manufacture. Compared to dust press equipment, etc., it can be significantly reduced in size and weight, can be made much more economical with increased space efficiency, and has a relatively simple structure for maintenance. It is easy and hygienic management is possible, so it is necessary to stably process a large amount of garbage, and it is highly appreciated by restaurants and grocery stores where it is difficult to secure a large installation space. Other food processing factories are expected to be widely used and spread.

The drawings show a typical embodiment in which the technical idea of the garbage compacting apparatus of the present invention and the garbage compacting method using the same is embodied.
It is a front view which shows the garbage compression apparatus made into the cross section. It is a side view which shows the garbage compression apparatus made into the cross section. It is a front view which cuts and shows the garbage compression apparatus which injected | thrown-in garbage. It is a front view which cuts and shows the garbage compression apparatus in pressing operation. It is a front view which cuts and shows the garbage compression apparatus immediately after pressing. It is a side view which cuts and shows the garbage compression apparatus which discharged | emitted the garbage.

Explanation of symbols

1 Cylinder for pressing
11 Same outlet (lower end opening)
12 Same wall
13 Drainage hole
14 Same top opening
15 Same hopper 2 Compression bottom plate
21 Opening and closing mechanism
22 Air cylinder 3 Piston for pressing
31 Same Piston head
32 Same rod
33 Coil spring
34 Spring case
35 Same displacement detector (limit sensor)
36 Same protective cover 4 Pressing mechanism
41 Hydraulic cylinder
42 Same telescopic rod 5 Automatic control unit
51 Input control panel
52 Same pressure regulation part 6 Skeletal frame
61 Homogeneous skeleton
62 Waterproof wall
63 Same Tray R Garbage

Claims (9)

    The lower end opening of the vertical cylindrical body with pressure-resistant structure is closed with a pressure-resistant bottom plate so as to be openable and closable to be a discharge port for treated garbage, and the vertical cylindrical body peripheral wall has a large number of internal and external penetrations. A squeezing cylinder having a drain hole and a hopper that expands from the upper end opening toward a predetermined upper range is supported and fixed in a predetermined skeleton frame. On the other hand, a structure in which a piston head set to an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the pressing cylinder is provided vertically above the pressing cylinder, and the elastic force of the coil spring propagates on the upper end side of the rod. The compression piston, which is inserted and combined into the spring case axis, is supported by the portal skeleton that is erected on the skeleton frame, and is regulated and arranged on the upper level that matches the compression piston axis. At the lower end of the telescopic rod of the vertical pressing mechanism Garbage compression apparatus is characterized in that shall become as interlocked via a ring case.     The lower end opening of the vertical cylindrical body with pressure-resistant structure is closed with a pressure-resistant bottom plate so as to be openable and closable to be a discharge port for treated garbage, and the vertical cylindrical body peripheral wall has a large number of internal and external penetrations. A squeezing cylinder having a drain hole and a hopper that expands from the upper end opening toward a predetermined upper range is supported and fixed in a predetermined skeleton frame. On the other hand, in the upper part of the cylinder for compression, an outer diameter slightly set smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder for compression, and a cone or polygonal pyramid having a relatively gentle gradient with the central vertex facing substantially vertically downward A compression piston, which has a piston head as described above, has a structure in which the elastic force of the coil spring is propagated at the upper end of the rod, and is inserted into the shaft center of the spring case. Piston shaft for compression, supported by the mold skeleton Regulating the upper matching the, placed in a telescopic rod the lower end of the vertical type pressing mechanism comprising, garbage compression apparatus is characterized in that shall become as interlocked via the spring case.     For the treated garbage by closing the opening at the lower end of the vertical cylindrical body with pressure-resistant structure openable and closable with a pressure-resistant bottom plate having an opening and closing mechanism consisting of a horizontal slide type air cylinder and a compressor connected to it In addition, the vertical cylindrical body peripheral wall is provided with a large number of drain holes penetrating inward and outward, and a hopper that is expanded from the upper end side opening toward a predetermined range is disposed. The squeezing cylinder is assumed to be supported and fixed in a predetermined skeletal frame body, while the outer diameter is set slightly above the inner diameter of the squeezing cylinder above the squeezing cylinder. A spring case axis with a piston head with a relatively gentle cone or polygonal pyramid shape with the central vertex facing substantially vertically downward, and a structure in which the elastic force of the coil spring propagates on the upper end of the rod Insert, combination A vertical slide type hydraulic cylinder that is supported by a portal-type skeletal portion standing on the skeleton frame and is regulated and arranged in a higher position that matches the compression piston axis, A garbage compression apparatus characterized in that the lower end of an expansion / contraction rod of a pressing mechanism comprising a hydraulic pump connected to the door is interlocked via the spring case.     For the treated garbage by closing the opening at the lower end of the vertical cylindrical body with pressure-resistant structure openable and closable with a pressure-resistant bottom plate having an opening and closing mechanism consisting of a horizontal slide type air cylinder and a compressor connected to it In addition, the vertical cylindrical body peripheral wall is provided with a large number of drain holes penetrating inward and outward, and a hopper that is expanded from the upper end side opening toward a predetermined range is disposed. The squeezing cylinder is assumed to be supported and fixed within a predetermined skeletal frame, while the outer diameter is set slightly above the inner diameter of the squeezing cylinder above the squeezing cylinder. A spring case axis with a piston head with a relatively gentle cone or polygonal pyramid shape with the central vertex facing substantially vertically downward, and a structure in which the elastic force of the coil spring propagates on the upper end of the rod Insert, combination A vertical slide type hydraulic cylinder that is supported by a portal-type skeletal portion standing on the skeleton frame and is regulated and arranged in a higher position that matches the compression piston axis, An automatic control unit that allows the air cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder to be automatically operated in a timely manner at an appropriate position so as to be interlocked with the lower end of the telescopic rod of the pressing mechanism comprising a hydraulic pump connected to A garbage compression apparatus characterized by having an input operation panel.     The piston head is fitted with a protective cover with a shape that gradually reduces the outer peripheral wall surface as it goes upward, and the protective cover protects the spring case disposed above the piston head as necessary. The garbage compacting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the garbage compacting device is extended and surrounded.     The squeezing cylinder is set such that each of the plurality of drain holes formed at a lower position has a larger opening diameter, and each is expanded in a counterbore shape on the outer wall surface side. The garbage compression apparatus according to any one of 1 to 5.     The compression piston is provided with a displacement detector such as a limit switch or a pressure sensor at an appropriate position in the spring case facing the rod upper end, and the piston head resists the spring force of the coil spring. A pressurizing restricting section that forcibly stops the extension operation of the telescopic rod of the pressing mechanism when it is relatively lifted and displaced, and restricts the garbage in the squeezing cylinder from being pressurized beyond a predetermined pressure. The garbage compacting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is provided.     From the hopper on the upper end side of the squeezing cylinder whose pressure-resistant bottom plate is closed, the amount of raw garbage equal to or less than the capacity of the squeezing cylinder is introduced, and the compression piston is moved relatively slowly by operating the pressing mechanism. In the process of lowering and gradually compressing the garbage, the squeezed water will flow out through the drain holes on the peripheral wall surface of the squeezing cylinder, and after reaching the predetermined compression state, The operation is stopped, the moisture is sufficiently removed by applying the same compression force as that of the coil spring for a predetermined time due to the elastic force of the coil spring, the compression piston is raised by the pressing mechanism, and the opening and closing mechanism is Operate to open the pressure-resistant bottom plate and let the compressed garbage drop naturally, or press the compression piston down to the lowest position and force it to drop, The garbage using the garbage compression apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the piston is raised to an initial position, the pressure-resistant bottom plate is closed, and a new garbage is put in standby. Compression method. From the hopper on the upper end side of the squeezing cylinder whose pressure-resistant bottom plate is closed, an amount of garbage equal to or less than the capacity of the squeezing cylinder is introduced, and the pressing mechanism is operated to move the compression piston for 10 to 30 seconds. In the process of descending relatively slowly over a period of time and gradually compressing garbage, the squeezed water will flow out to the outside through each drain hole on the peripheral wall surface of the squeezing cylinder, When the compression force exceeds the elastic force of the coil spring, the operation of the pressing mechanism is stopped, and the compression force is applied in the same manner as the soft spring for 10 to 40 seconds by the elastic force of the coil spring. After sufficiently removing moisture, the compression piston is raised about 100 to 200 mm, the open / close mechanism is operated to open the pressure-resistant bottom plate, and the compressed garbage is allowed to fall naturally or the compression piston is Ton is lowered to near the lowest position and forcibly dropped or discharged, then the compression piston is raised to the initial position, the pressure-resistant bottom plate is closed, and it waits for the introduction of new garbage A garbage compression method using the garbage compression apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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