JP2005319349A - Wood crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wood crusher capable of enhancing the removing workability of bitten foreign matter while keeping a crushing treatment efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: This wood crusher is equipped with a crushing rotor 61 having crushing bits 65 arranged to its outer peripheral part, the first anvil 62 provided on the outer peripheral side of the crushing rotor 61, the first screen 69 provided on the downstream side in the rotary direction of the crushing rotor 61 of the first anvil 62 and arranged so as to leave a gap with respect to the crushing rotor 61, a support frame 125 which supports the first anvil 62 and the first screen 69 and is provided in a revolvable manner so that the first screen 69 is retracted along with the first anvil 62 when an overload acts on the first anvil 62 and a shear pin 77 connected to the support frame 125 and permits the support frame 125 to be retracted from an installation position by the overload acting on the first anvil 62. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood crusher for crushing pruned branch materials / thinned wood, branch wood, waste wood, and the like, for example, a wood crusher that crushes wood to be crushed by rotating a crushing rotor.

  For example, pruned branches / thinned wood that is generated when pruning timber that has been cut in the forest, branch timber that is generated in the creation and maintenance of green spaces, or waste wood that is used in wooden houses is usually the final Are treated as industrial waste. The wood crusher transports these branch materials, branch wood, etc. for the purpose of reducing the volume of waste in the waste treatment process or fermenting the crushed pulverized material and reusing it as organic fertilizer. Before starting, it is crushed to a predetermined size at the work site.

  As this type of wood crusher, a rotary crushing device having a crushing rotor (rotary rotor) having crushing bits (cutters) arranged on the outer periphery, and a fixed blade (anvil) provided on the outer peripheral side of the crushing rotor, And a support member that is supported by a shear pin and supports a fixed blade, and a sieve member (grate) having a plurality of openings through which a crushed material crushed by a crushing bit and a fixed blade is inserted are disclosed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

US Pat. No. 5,947,395

  In the above-described conventional technology, the crushed wood to be crushed is primarily crushed by a crushing bit attached to a crushing rotor, and the primary crushed wood piece is further crushed by a crushing bit and a fixed blade. At this time, for example, when non-crushable foreign matter such as metal or stone mixed in the wood to be crushed is caught between the crushing bit and the fixed blade, the support member is held if an overload acts on the fixed blade. The supporting shear pin is broken, and the support member rotates so as to retract the fixed blade from the crushing rotor. Thereby, it has the structure which prevents damage to the fixed blade, the bearing of a crushing rotor, etc. by the biting of a foreign material. On the other hand, the sieve member is provided in a wide area from the downstream side of the fixed blade on the outer peripheral side of the crushing rotor to the input part of the wood to be crushed. It is designed to improve.

  However, in the above prior art, when a foreign object is caught between the crushing bit and the fixed blade and an overload acts on the fixed blade, the portion that rotates and retracts from the crushing rotor supports the fixed blade and the same. Since it is only the support member, the opening that appears by its rotation is narrow, and it is difficult to remove the biting foreign matter or the like. In addition, since the sieve member located on the downstream side of the fixed blade has only a slight gap with the crushing bit, it is possible that foreign matter is caught between the crushing bit and the sieve member. It is difficult to remove foreign matters from the opening that has appeared, and it is necessary to remove the sieve member. That is, in the above prior art, consideration of workability for removing the caught foreign matter has been insufficient.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wood crusher that can improve the workability to remove biting foreign matters while maintaining crushing efficiency. There is.

  (1) In order to achieve the above object, a wood crusher according to the present invention includes a crushing rotor having a crushing bit disposed on an outer peripheral portion, a fixed blade provided on the outer peripheral side of the crushing rotor, and the above-described fixed blade. A sieve member provided on the downstream side in the crushing rotor rotation direction and disposed with a gap between the crushing rotor, the fixed blade and the sieve member are supported, and when an overload acts on the fixed blade, the sieve member is A support member that is rotatably provided so as to retreat together with the fixed blade, and a rotation permission that is connected to the support member and allows the support member to retreat from an installation position due to an overload acting on the fixed blade. And a member.

  In this invention, it is set as the structure which supports a sieve member and a fixed blade with the support member which can be rotated. With such a structure, for example, when a foreign object is caught between the crushing bit and the fixed blade and an overload acts on the fixed blade, the support member is rotated to retract the fixed blade and the sieve member from the crushing rotor. To prevent damage to the fixed blade and the bearing of the crushing rotor. Thus, by retracting not only the fixed blade but also the sieve member from the crushing rotor, the opening that appears at that time can be enlarged. Therefore, it is possible to improve the workability of the work for removing the foreign matter that caused the overload. Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the sieve member is also rotated and retracted as described above, even if a foreign object is caught between the crushing bit and the sieve member, the foreign object can be easily removed. It can be removed. At this time, for example, if the sieve member is divided, and only a part of the sieve member is configured to rotate together with the fixed blade, the entire sieve member is, for example, the crushed wood from the downstream side in the rotation direction of the crushing motor of the fixed blade. It is possible to dispose in a wide area up to the input portion, and it is possible to maintain a processing efficiency by ensuring a large discharge area of the crushed material on the outer peripheral side of the crushing rotor. From the above, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the workability of removing the caught foreign matter while maintaining the crushing efficiency.

  (2) In the above (1), preferably, the support member includes the fixed blade on the upstream side in the crushing rotor rotation direction, and the sieve member is placed so as to be inserted and removed in the axial direction of the crushing rotor. A first frame, a second frame that is pivotally connected to the first frame, is connected to the second frame that sandwiches the sieve member in cooperation with the first frame, the first frame, and the second frame; The actuator includes an actuator that rotates the second frame with respect to the first frame.

  (3) In the above (1) or (2), preferably, a rotation restricting means for restricting a rotation operation of the support member in a direction approaching the crushing rotor is provided.

  For example, when a foreign matter entangled with the crushing bit is caught between the crushing bit and the fixed blade, an overload acts on the fixed blade, and the support member rotates to retract the fixed blade from the crushing rotor. The rotated support member may try to return to the initial position before the rotation due to gravity. In such a case, since the crushing rotor cannot be stopped suddenly due to inertia, the foreign matter entangled with the crushing bit collides with the returned fixed blade again, and the fixed blade and the support member may be damaged by the impact.

  Therefore, in the present invention, since the rotation operation of the support member in the direction approaching the crushing rotor is regulated by the rotation regulating means, after the support member is rotated in the direction of retreating from the crushing rotor as described above, Does not rotate in the direction of the crushing rotor. Thereby, damage to the fixed blade and the support member as described above can be prevented.

  (4) In the above (3), more preferably, the rotation restricting means is a through hole formed in a side cover provided on a side surface of the crushing rotor in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotation surface of the support member. The locking member is supported by the hole so as to be able to advance and retreat, and biasing means for biasing the locking member against the support member.

  (5) In any one of the above (1) to (4), and preferably, it is provided with traveling means and is capable of self-running.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the removal workability | operativity of the biting foreign material can be improved, maintaining the crushing process efficiency.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a wood crusher of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is a side view showing the entire structure of a self-propelled wood crusher as an embodiment of the wood crusher of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a top view of the self-propelled wood crusher shown in FIG. These are side views showing the detailed structure inside the side cover in the vicinity of the crushing device 12 described later. In the following, the directions corresponding to the left and right in FIG. 1 are the rear and front of the wood crusher, or one and the other.

  1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a traveling body (traveling means) that enables self-running, 2 denotes a crushing function component that crushes the wood to be shredded provided on the traveling body 1, and 3 denotes this crushing. A discharge conveyor for conveying the crushed material crushed by the functional component 2 and discharging it outside the machine, 4 is a power unit (power unit) equipped with a power source (engine) of each mounted device, and is self-propelled in this example. The wood crusher is roughly constituted by the traveling body 1, the crushing function component 2, the discharge conveyor 3, the power unit 4, and the like.

  The traveling body 1 includes a track frame 5, drive wheels 6 and driven wheels 7 provided at both front and rear ends of the track frame 5, and a drive device (travel hydraulic motor) in which an output shaft is connected to the shaft of the drive wheel 6. 8 and a crawler belt (endless track crawler) 9 wound around the drive wheel 6 and the driven wheel 7. Reference numeral 36 denotes a main body frame provided on the track frame 5, and the main body frame 36 supports the crushing function component 2, the discharge conveyor 3, the power unit 4, and the like.

  The crushing function component 2 is introduced by a hopper 10 that receives the crushed wood to be input, a feed conveyor 11 as a means for conveying the crushed wood accommodated in the hopper 10, and the feed conveyor 11. A crushing device 12 (see FIG. 3) for crushing the wood to be crushed, and a press conveyor device 13 (see FIG. 3) for pressing the wood to be crushed introduced into the crushing device 12 before the crushing device 12 against the feed conveyor 11. I have.

  4 is a side view showing a detailed structure in the vicinity of the rear end of the hopper 10, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a front view of the hopper 10 viewed from the rear. In the figure, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those in the previous drawings, and the description will be omitted. However, in FIG. 4, the state which removed the outer wall body 15 mentioned later is shown in figure.

  4 to 6, the hopper 10 is formed in a bottomed shape, is provided substantially horizontally on the rear side of the crushing rotor 61 (described later) on the main body frame 36, and is provided on the rear side of the feed conveyor 11. A plurality of members are provided on the rear wall body 14, the outer wall bodies 15 on the left and right sides in the width direction, and on both sides in the width direction of the feed conveyor 11 inside the outer wall body 15, so that a gap is secured between the outer wall bodies 15. A side wall body 16 configured in an L-shape, and a widening portion (tilting portion) 17 provided in a shape of widening upward so as to span over the outer wall body 15 and the upper portion of the side wall body 16; A bottom wall body 18 provided on the entire bottom portion so as to slightly interpose a gap below the feed conveyor 11 and a front wall body 19 (see FIG. 3 described above) provided on the front side end portion are provided. The upper end of the rear wall body 14 is set to the same level as or slightly higher than the transport surface of the feed conveyor 11, and the upper end of the front wall body 19 is set to a level slightly lower than the transport surface of the feed conveyor 11. .

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow VII-VII in FIG. 6 showing the detailed structure of the rear end portion of the feed conveyor 11. In this figure, the same parts as those in the previous drawings are given the same reference numerals for explanation. Omitted.
In the present embodiment, the rear wall body 14 of the hopper 10 is integrally formed by a rear wall portion 20 located at the rear end and a bottom wall portion 21 provided at a substantially right angle at the lower end portion of the rear wall portion 20. It is configured and has a substantially L-shape when viewed from the side. The bottom wall portion 21 extends substantially horizontally from the lower end of the rear wall portion 20 to a position below a driven wheel 41 (described later) of the feed conveyor 11, and is provided on substantially the same plane as the bottom wall body 18 with the beam 37 interposed therebetween. The bottom wall 18 and the bottom of the hopper 10 are configured. A pin 23 is provided on the upper end portion of the rear wall portion 20 via a bracket 22, and the rear wall portion 20 is attached to the side wall body 16 so as to be rotatable with the pin 23 as a fulcrum. As a result, the rear wall portion 20 and the bottom wall portion 21 are integrally rotated (that is, the rear wall body 14) is rotated, and the rear end portion of the hopper 10 can be opened and closed. A guide member 35 formed in an arc shape is provided on the bottom wall portion 21 so as to follow the trajectory of the rear end portion of the feed conveyor 11 with a slight gap, and the wood to be crushed is fed into the feed conveyor. 11 is suppressed from entering the space behind.

  Reference numerals 24 and 25 denote locking mechanisms for holding the rear wall body 14 in a closed state. The locking mechanism 24 is provided on the rear end surface of the beam 26 that is passed to the rear end portion of the bottom of the L-shaped side wall body 16. 25 are respectively provided on the upper surface of the bottom portion of the side wall body 16 at a position slightly ahead of the lock mechanism 24.

  8 (a) and 8 (b) are detailed views of the locking mechanism 24 as viewed from the same direction as FIG. 6. In these drawings, the same parts as those in the previous drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals. Description is omitted. Although detailed description is omitted, the configuration of the lock mechanism 25 is the same as that of the lock mechanism 24. Further, the lock mechanisms 24 and 25 are similarly provided on both sides of the self-propelled wood crusher in the vehicle body width direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2), and FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b) show the one side. It is illustrated.

  8A and 8B, the lock mechanism 24 includes a support plate 28 fixed to the beam 26 by a plurality of bolts 27, and two brackets provided on the support plate 28 at a predetermined interval. 29, a pin 30 inserted through the bracket 29, a handle 31 provided substantially perpendicular to the outer periphery of the pin 30, a locking member 32 for locking the handle 31, and a lower end portion of the rear wall body 14 And a bracket 33 fixed to.

  With this configuration, the pin 30 is inserted into the bracket 33 on the rear wall body 14 side and the handle 31 is locked between the bracket 29 and the locking member 32 as shown in FIG. The rear wall body 14 is fixed to the side wall body 16 via the pins 30 and the rear wall body 14 is held in a closed state. On the other hand, the pin 30 is rotated to a position where the handle 31 becomes substantially horizontal, the handle 31 is slid through the notch of the locking member 32, and the pin 30 is moved from the bracket 33 as shown in FIG. By removing, the restriction between the rear wall body 14 and the side wall body 16 is released. Furthermore, since another lock mechanism 25 is provided, the pin is pulled out from the bracket provided on the rear wall body 14 side in the same manner. In this example, since the lock mechanisms 24 and 25 are also provided on the other side in the width direction of the self-propelled wood crusher, the lock mechanisms 24 and 25 on the other side are similarly released. Thereby, the restraint of the rear wall body 14 is completely released, and the rear wall body 14 can be opened and closed.

  A state in which the rear wall 14 is opened is shown in FIG. 9 in association with FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the pin 30 of the locking mechanism 24 is returned to the position shown in FIG. 8A again with the rear wall body 14 rotated relative to the side wall body 16 and the rear wall body 14 opened. The rear wall body 14 is held in an open state by being inserted into the opening 21a provided in the bottom wall portion 21 of the rear wall body 14 (that is, the lock mechanism 24 holds the rear wall body 14 in an open state). It is also a locking mechanism for). Thereby, workability | operativity and safety | security of an operator at the time of opening the rear wall body 14 and performing the cleaning operation | work in the hopper 10 can be improved now.

  Reference numeral 34 denotes a snap ring that prevents the pin 30 from falling off. The snap ring 34 is provided on the outer periphery of the pin 30 so as to be positioned between the brackets 29 and 29. In this example, when the lock of FIG. 8A is locked and when the lock of FIG. The length is limited.

  The feed conveyor 11 includes a sprocket-like drive wheel 40 (see FIG. 3) provided on the crushing rotor 61 (described later) side, and a driven wheel provided on the opposite side (the rear side of the wood crusher, the rear wall body 14 side). 41 (see FIG. 7 and the like) and a drive wheel 40 and a driven wheel 41 provided at both ends in the conveying direction, and a plurality of rows (4 rows in this example, see FIG. 2) are arranged in the width direction. And a conveying body (conveying belt, chain belt) 42. Note that the conveyance body 42 is not shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 10 and FIG.

  The driven wheel 41 is supported by a bearing 43 (see FIG. 4) provided on the outer wall surface of the rear portion of the side wall body 16 of the hopper 10, and the driving wheel 40 is positioned substantially on the same plane on the front side of the side wall body 16. It is supported by a bearing 46 (see FIG. 10 described later) provided on the outer wall surface of the side cover 45 of the crushing device 12 provided. As a result, the feed conveyor 11 extends from the lower part of the hopper 10, that is, from the inside of the side wall body 16 of the hopper 10 to the vicinity of the crushing rotor 61 (described later), and extends substantially horizontally to cover the side surfaces of the hopper 10 and the crushing device 12. 45 is housed and arranged.

FIG. 10 is a side view of the vicinity of the crushing device 12, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure in detail. .
10 and 11, 45 is the side cover of the crushing device 12 provided in front of the hopper 10, and 46 is a bearing of the feed conveyor 11 provided on the outer wall surface of the side cover 45. The rotation shaft of the drive wheel 40 of the feed conveyor 11 is connected to the output shaft of a drive device (feed conveyor hydraulic motor, not shown) provided outside the bearing 46 in the width direction via a coupling or the like. The feed conveyor 11 is configured to circulate and drive the transport body 42 between the drive wheels 40 and the driven wheels 41 by rotationally driving a drive device (not shown).

  47 is a guide member that is bent so as to be close to the rotation trajectory of the drive wheel 40, and is connected to the bottom wall body 18 and the front wall body 19 of the hopper 10, and 48 is slightly lower than the rotation trajectory of the drive wheel 40 and The scraper is disposed on the upper portion of the front wall body 19 so that the end facing the drive wheel 40 is as close as possible to the rotation locus of the drive wheel 40. The end portions in the width direction of the guide member 47 and the scraper 48 are fixed to the side cover 45 of the crushing device 12.

  The aforementioned press conveyor device 13 is provided so as to face the transport surface (upper surface) of the feed conveyor 11 that transports the wood to be shredded so as to be close to the rear side of the crushing rotor 61 (described later). The pressing conveyor device 13 has a rotating shaft 51 (see FIG. 3) supported by a crusher side cover 45 by a bearing 50 (see FIG. 11) so that it can rotate in a vertical plane (in the vertical direction). A support member 52 supported so as to be swingable and a presser roller 53 provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the support member 52 are provided.

  The support member 52 includes an arm portion 54 that includes a rotation shaft 51 and a bracket portion 55 that is provided on the distal end side of the arm portion 54 and supports the pressing roller 53. The lower end surface of the arm portion 54 is formed to be curved in an arc shape, and a curved plate 68 constituting a part of a crushing chamber 60 described later is attached to the curved portion. On the other hand, the attachment portion of the pressing roller 53 in the bracket portion 55 is formed in an arc shape having a smaller diameter than the pressing roller 53, and the outer peripheral surface of the pressing roller 53 protrudes from the bracket portion 55. The dimension of the pressing roller 53 in the width direction (the direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 3) is set to be equal to or larger than the width of the conveying surface of the feed conveyor 11.

  3 and 11, 56 and 57 are stoppers for restricting the rotation operation of the presser conveyor device 13. When the presser roller 53 is lowered to the position close to the drive wheel 40 of the feed conveyor 11, It arrange | positions inside the crusher side cover 45 so that the bracket part 55 and the curved board 68 may each contact | abut. Although not specifically shown, the presser roller 53 incorporates a drive device (presser roller hydraulic motor) in its body, and is rolled to the transport surface of the feed conveyor 11 by this drive device (not shown). The crushed wood on the feed conveyor 11 is rotated in the direction at substantially the same peripheral speed as the conveyance speed of the crushed wood, and is fed into the crushing device 12 in cooperation with the feed conveyor 11.

  The crushing device 12 described above is mounted on a substantially central portion in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame 36, and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 11, a crushing rotor 61 that rotates at high speed in the crushing chamber 60, and the crushing rotor 61 The first anvil (fixed blade) 62 and the second anvil 63 are arranged so as to face each other in the rotation direction (forward rotation direction, clockwise direction in FIG. 3). Although details will be described later, the first and second anvils 62 and 63 are configured to be rotatable so as to be retracted in a direction following the normal rotation direction of the crushing rotor 61 when, for example, excessive impact is applied. (See FIG. 11 and the like).

  The crushing rotor 61 is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown) provided on, for example, a side cover 45 of the crushing device 12 (or a support member (not shown) provided separately on the main body frame 36). The part is provided with a plurality of support members 64 and crushing bits (impact plates or crushing blades) 65 attached to the support members 64, respectively. The crushing bit 65 is disposed such that the blade surface thereof precedes the support member 64 when the crushing rotor 61 rotates in the forward rotation direction. Further, each crushing bit 65 is fixed to the support member 64 with a bolt 66 or the like, and can be easily replaced even when worn. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 67 denotes a driving device (hydraulic motor for crushing rotor) that rotationally drives the crushing rotor 61, and this driving device 67 is not particularly shown but is bolted to the side cover 45 of the crushing device 12. The output shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the crushing rotor 61 via a V-belt or the like.

  The crushing chamber 60 described above is provided between the above-described curved plate 68 provided on the upper side with respect to the crushing rotor 61 and between the first anvil 62 and the second anvil 63 on the front side. The first screen (sieving member) 69 having a large number of holes opened with a diameter that sets the particle size, and the second screen 70 that is provided on the lower side and similarly has a large number of holes, etc. It is released as a shredded wood introduction section. The curved plate 68 is attached to the curved portion of the arm portion 54 of the presser conveyor device 13 as described above, and is configured to move with the up and down swinging motion of the presser conveyor device 13. The first and second screens 69 and 70 are formed in an arc shape (curved surface) so as to substantially follow the rotation locus (outer periphery) of the crushing rotor 61 with a predetermined gap between each of the first and second screens 69 and 70. These are detachable (replaceable) (details will be described later).

  FIGS. 12 and 13 are diagrams illustrating the details of the movable mechanism by extracting the configuration in the vicinity of the first anvil 62 and the first screen 69, and FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along arrow XIV-XIV in FIG. In the figure, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those in the previous drawings, and the description will be omitted.

  12 to 14, reference numeral 71 denotes an arm (first frame) to which the first anvil 62 is attached. A plurality of arms 71 (three in this embodiment) are provided in the width direction (left and right direction in FIG. 14). Are connected by two rotating shafts 72 and 73 and a beam 74 to constitute a frame-type support frame (support member) 125. The support frame 125 is rotatable about the rotation shaft 72 by supporting one rotation shaft 72 by a bearing 75 provided on the outer wall surface of the crusher side cover 45 (see FIG. 10), for example. It has a configuration. The directions of the rotation shafts 72 and 73 are substantially parallel to the rotation axis of the crushing rotor 61, respectively.

  The support frame 125 is connected to a support member 76 whose front end is fixed to the crusher side cover 45 via a shear pin (rotation permitting member) 77, so that the support frame 125 is in a crushing operation (for example, in the state of FIG. 3). The first anvil 62 is arranged on one side (the left side in FIG. 12) in the circumferential direction of the curved plate 68 (the circumferential direction of the crushing rotor 61) and in the radial direction (the diameter of the crushing rotor 61). Direction) It is fixed and held in a posture that protrudes inward. The shear pin 77 is connected to the support frame 125 and allows the support frame 125 to be retracted from the installation position due to an overload acting on the first anvil 62. Therefore, when an impact load (overload) exceeding the allowable limit of the shear pin 77 is applied to the first anvil 62, the shear pin 77 is broken, the restraint of the support frame 125 is released, and the first anvil 62 is retracted from the crushing chamber 60. Thus, damage to each part such as the first anvil 62 and the support frame 125 is prevented (a state in which the support frame 125 is rotated is shown in FIG. 11).

  Reference numeral 78 denotes a stopper fixed to, for example, the crusher side cover 45 (or a support member (not shown) separately provided on the main body frame 36). The stopper 78 prevents interference between the arm 71 and other components. In order to prevent this, the rotation range of the support frame 125 in the retracting direction of the first anvil 62 is limited.

  Further, 126 shown in FIG. 10 is a stopper (rotation restricting means) for preventing the support frame 125 from returning. The structure of the stopper 126 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 15 is a side view showing the entire structure of the stopper 126 (a view seen from the same direction as FIG. 10), and FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow XVI-XVI in FIG.

  15 and 16, the stopper 126 is inserted through a through hole 127 formed in the side cover 45 and is substantially perpendicular to the arm 71 (the rotation surface of the arm 71 (a plane including the rotation locus)). A locking member 128 supported so as to be able to advance and retreat in any direction, a handle 129 connected to the outside of the locking member 128 (on the right side in FIG. 16), and the side cover 45 via a fixing plate 131 and a bolt 130 A spring (biasing means) 133 is provided in the fixed cylinder 132 and urges the locking member 128 against the arm 71 of the support frame 125. With such a configuration, the locking member 128 is pressed against the arm 71 by the spring 133 during normal times (when the support frame 125 is not rotating).

  A state in which the support frame 125 is rotated and the stopper 126 is operated is shown in FIG. 17 in correspondence with FIG. When the support frame 125 is rotated (the state shown in FIG. 11 described above), as shown in FIG. 17, the arm 71 is rotated in the depth direction in FIG. Projects inward (left side in FIG. 17). The protruding locking member 128 locks the rotation of the arm 71 in the direction of the crushing rotor 61 (the front side in FIG. 17). As a result, the support frame 125 rotates in the direction approaching the crushing rotor 61. Operation is prevented.

  Returning to FIGS. 12 to 14, reference numeral 80 denotes a frame-type screen support member (banana plate) that presses and holds the first screen 69 against the arm 71 from the outer peripheral side. The screen support member (second frame) 80 is One end (the lower side in FIG. 12) of the circumferential direction (the circumferential direction of the crushing rotor 61) is connected to the arm 71 (support frame 125) via the previous rotation shaft 73. The other end in the circumferential direction of the screen support member 80 is connected to the previous beam 74 via a hydraulic cylinder (actuator) 81. Both ends of the hydraulic cylinder 81 are rotatably connected to the screen support member 80 and the beam 74 via pins, respectively, and the screen support member 80 rotates relative to the arm 71 as the hydraulic cylinder 81 expands and contracts. It moves (moves forward and backward with respect to the crushing rotor 61). That is, the screen support member 80 is separated from the first screen 69 by contracting the hydraulic cylinder 81. As a result, the first screen 69 can be pulled out in the axial direction of the crushing rotor 61, and the first screen 69 can be easily replaced.

  10 and 11, reference numeral 82 denotes an opening for drawing out and inserting the first screen 69 provided on the crusher side cover 45 in consideration of the replacement work of the first screen 69, although not particularly shown. For example, a bolt detachable cover or the like is attached to the opening 82.

  In FIG. 14, reference numeral 85 denotes a lock mechanism for the screen support member 80. The lock mechanism 85 has a bracket 86 in a fixed relationship with the arm 71, and a bottom side end portion fixed to the bracket 86 in the width direction (left and right in FIG. 14). The lock cylinder 87 provided in the direction), taper blocks 88 and 89 having taper portions fixed to the rod side end of the lock cylinder 87 and the screen support member 80 and engaged with each other; And a guide member 90 that guides the sliding operation of the taper block 88.

  The taper block 88 fixed in relation to the arm 71 is radially outward (in the radial direction of the crushing rotor 61) when the first screen 69 is sandwiched between the screen support member 80 and the arm 71 (support frame 125). To the taper block 89 provided on the screen support member 80. That is, when the first screen 69 is held, the lock cylinder 87 is extended and the taper blocks 88 and 89 are engaged, so that the rotation of the screen support member 80 is restricted, and the first screen 69 is It is firmly fixed and held at a position (position shown in FIG. 3) where the crushing chamber 60 holding the crushing work is fixed. Therefore, when the screen support member 80 is rotated by the contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 81 and the first screen 69 is replaced, the lock cylinder 87 is first contracted and the engagement of the taper blocks 88 and 89 is released. FIG. 18 shows the unlocked state corresponding to FIG. In the present embodiment, the lock mechanisms 85 are provided on both sides of the first screen 69 in the width direction (left and right direction in FIG. 14). However, if only one side is sufficient, either one may be omitted.

  Returning to FIGS. 3, 10, and 11, reference numeral 91 denotes a frame-type arm on which the second anvil 63 is attached. A rotation shaft (not shown) is supported by a bearing 92 provided on a support member (not shown) provided separately above, and is configured to be rotatable about the rotation shaft. The direction of the rotation axis is substantially parallel to the rotation axis of the crushing rotor 61.

  The arm 91 is connected to a support member 93 whose front end is fixed to the crusher side cover 45 via a shear pin 94, so that the second anvil 63 is in a crushing operation (for example, in the state of FIG. 3). Projecting in the radial direction (diameter direction of the crushing rotor) on one side (lower side in FIG. 3) of the first screen 69 in the circumferential direction (lower side in FIG. 3) and the inner wall surface of the first screen 69. Fixed and held in posture. Therefore, when an impact load (overload) exceeding the allowable limit of the shear pin 94 is applied to the second anvil 63, the shear pin 94 is broken and the restraint of the arm 91 is released, and the arm 91 causes the second anvil 63 to move. Retraction from the crushing chamber 60 (crushing rotor 61) prevents damage to each part such as the second anvil 63 and the arm 91.

  As described above, the support frame 125 and the arm 91 described above are individually supported by the individual shear pins 77 and 94, and are independent when an overload acts on the first anvil 62 and the second anvil 63. To rotate.

  A stopper 95 is fixed to, for example, the crusher side cover 45 (or a support member (not shown) provided separately on the main body frame 36). The stopper 95 interferes with the arm 91 and other components. In order to prevent this, the rotation range of the arm 91 in the retracting direction of the second anvil 63 is limited. Reference numeral 135 (see FIG. 10) denotes a stopper (rotation restricting means) for preventing the return of the arm 91 and prevents the arm 91 from rotating in a direction approaching the crushing rotor 61. Since the structure of the stopper 135 is the same as that of the stopper 126 described above, description thereof is omitted.

  19 (a) to 19 (c) are diagrams showing the details of the movable mechanism extracted from the configuration around the second screen 70 described above. In this figure, the same parts as those in the previous drawings are the same. Reference numerals are assigned and description is omitted.

  In FIG. 19, reference numeral 97 denotes a press plate for the second screen 70, and the press plate 97 is formed so that its outer peripheral portion substantially coincides with the curvature of the inner wall surface of the second screen 70, and during the crushing operation ( In the state of FIG. 19A, for example, the inner wall surface of the second screen 70 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the crusher side cover 45 (or a support member (not shown) provided separately on the main body frame 36). It is fixed with bolts etc. so as to contact. A frame-type screen support member (banana plate) 98 holds the second screen 70 by pressing it against the presser plate 97 from the outer peripheral side. The screen support member 98 has a rotating shaft 99 provided at one end (left side in FIG. 19) in the circumferential direction (circumferential direction of the crushing rotor 61) and is separately provided on the crusher side cover 45 (or on the main body frame 36). It is supported by a bearing 100 fixed to a support member (not shown) and rotates in the vertical direction (advances and retracts with respect to the crushing rotor 61).

  The other end in the circumferential direction of the screen support member 98 is supported at two locations on both ends of the crushing rotor axial direction by a bolt or the like fixed to the outer wall surface of the crusher side cover 45 via a pair of hydraulic cylinders 101, 101. The members 102 are connected to the members 102, respectively. Both ends of the hydraulic cylinder 101 are rotatably connected to the screen support member 98 and the support member 102 via pins, respectively, and the screen support member 98 moves the rotation shaft 99 along with the expansion / contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 101. Rotates to a fulcrum. Accordingly, the screen support member 98 is separated from the presser plate 97 by extending the hydraulic cylinder 101. As a result, the second screen 70 can be pulled out in the axial direction of the crushing rotor 61, and the second screen 70 can be easily replaced.

  10 and 11, reference numeral 103 denotes a notch for drawing out and inserting the second screen 70 provided on the crusher side cover 45 in consideration of the replacement work of the second screen 70. The notch 103 is attached with, for example, a bolt detachable cover or the like.

  Reference numeral 105 denotes a lock mechanism for the screen support member 98, which is provided in a pair at both ends of the screen support member 98 in the crushing rotor axial direction, like the hydraulic cylinder 101. The lock mechanism 105 includes a bracket 106 fixed to the outer wall surface of the crusher side cover 45, a lock cylinder 107 having a bottom end fixed to the bracket 106 and provided in the front-rear direction (left-right direction in FIG. 19), The lock cylinder 107 is fixed to the end portion of the rod side of the lock cylinder 107 and the screen support member 98 and has tapered portions that engage with each other, and the outer wall surface of the crusher side cover 45 with bolts or the like. And a guide member 110 that guides the sliding motion of the taper block 108 accompanying the expansion and contraction motion of 107.

  When the second screen 70 is sandwiched between the screen support member 98 and the pressing plate 97, the taper block 108 is provided on the screen support member 98 from the outside in the radial direction (the radial direction of the crushing rotor 61). Engage with. As a result, when the second screen 70 is held, the lock cylinder 107 is extended and the taper blocks 108 and 109 are engaged, so that the rotational movement of the screen support member 98 is restricted, and the second screen 70 is The crushing chamber 60 having crushing work is firmly fixed and held at a position where the crushing chamber 60 is determined (position shown in FIG. 19A). Therefore, when the screen support member 98 is rotated by the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 101 to replace the second screen 70 as shown in FIG. 19C, the lock cylinder 107 is first shortened as shown in FIG. 19B. Then, the engagement between the taper blocks 108 and 109 is released. The state around the crushing device 12 at the time of unlocking is shown in FIG. The locking mechanism 105 is preferably provided on both sides of the second screen 70 in the width direction (for example, the direction orthogonal to the middle sheet surface in FIG. 19A), but either one may be omitted if only one side is sufficient.

  Returning to FIGS. 1 and 2, the discharge conveyor 3 is suspended and supported at the discharge side (front side, right side in FIGS. 1 and 2) by a support member 112 that protrudes from the power unit 4. The opposite side (rear side, left side in FIGS. 1 and 2) is supported by being suspended from the main body frame 36 via a support member 113. Thereby, the discharge conveyor 3 passes below the power unit 4 from the lower side of the crushing device 12, and is disposed in an upward inclination outward from the front side of the self-propelled wood crusher. 114 is a frame of the discharge conveyor 3, and 115 is a conveyor belt (not shown) wound between driving wheels (not shown) and driven wheels (not shown) provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the frame 114. It is a conveyor cover provided on the top. Reference numeral 116 denotes a driving device (hydraulic motor for the discharge conveyor) that rotationally drives the driving wheels. By driving the driving device 116 to rotate, the conveyor belt is driven to circulate between the driving wheels and the driven wheels.

  The power unit 4 is mounted on the other end in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame 36 (the right side in FIGS. 1 and 2) via a support member 117. A driver's seat 118 is provided in a compartment on the rear side of the power unit 4 and on one side in the width direction (lower side in FIG. 2). Reference numeral 119 denotes an operation lever for driving operation provided in the driver's seat 118, and 120 denotes an operation panel for performing other operations, settings, monitoring, and the like. In this example, the operation panel 120 is provided on the side of the machine body so that an operator can easily operate from the ground, but may be provided on the driver's seat 118.

Next, operation | movement and an effect | action of the wood crusher which concern on this Embodiment of the said structure are demonstrated one by one.
For example, when wood to be crushed is introduced into the hopper 10 with an appropriate work tool such as a grapple of a hydraulic excavator, the wood to be crushed is guided by the expanding portion 17 of the hopper 10 and placed on the carrier 42 of the feed conveyor 11. Then, it is conveyed in a substantially horizontal direction toward the front side of the wood crusher by a conveying body 42 that is circulated and driven while being guided by the side wall body 16 of the hopper 10.

  When the wood to be crushed on the feed conveyor 11 is conveyed to the vicinity of the press conveyor device 13, it enters the lower part of the press roller 53 of the press conveyor device 13 and pushes up the press conveyor device 13. Thereby, the wood to be crushed on the feed conveyor 11 is introduced into the crushing chamber 60 while being pressed and held between the feed conveyor 11 by the action of the weight of the press conveyor device 13. Thereby, at the time of crushing, the to-be-crushed wood projects into the crushing chamber 60 in a cantilevered manner with the portion sandwiched between the presser roller 54 and the feed conveyor 11 as a fulcrum, and this projecting portion of the crushing rotor 61 rotates. When the crushing bit 65 collides, the primary crushing is relatively roughly performed. A piece of wood of the crushed wood that has been primarily crushed orbits the space in the crushing chamber 60 on the outer peripheral side of the crushing rotor 61 in the rotation direction of the crushing rotor 61 and collides with the first and second anvils 62 and 63. Secondary crushing. As a result, the piece of wood having a smaller particle size than the holes provided in the first and second screens 69 and 70 passes through the holes in the first and second screens 69 and 70 and is discharged. On the other hand, among the crushed pieces of wood in the middle of crushing, those having a particle size larger than the holes provided in the first and second screens 69 and 70 continue to circulate in the crushing chamber 60, and the crushing bit 65 and the first By colliding with the second anvils 62 and 63 again, the particles are pulverized to a particle size passing through the holes of the first and second screens 69 and 70 and discharged from the crushing device 12.

  The crushed wood (wood chips) discharged from the crushing device 12 falls onto the conveyor belt of the discharge conveyor 3 that is circulated and driven through a chute (not shown) and moves to the front side (right side in FIGS. 1 and 2). It is transported and discharged as a recycled product.

  In the crushing operation performed in such a procedure, for example, foreign matter is entangled in the crushing bit 65, the entangled foreign matter is caught between the crushing bit 65 and the first anvil 62, and an overload is applied to the first anvil. In such a case, the shear pin 77 is broken and the support frame 125 (more precisely, including the screen support member 80 and the hydraulic cylinder 81) rotates so as to retract the first anvil 62 from the crushing rotor 61. In addition, when foreign matter is caught between the crushing bit 65 and the second anvil 63 and an overload is applied to the second anvil, the shear pin 94 is broken and the arm 91 crushes the second anvil 63. It rotates so as to be retracted from the rotor 61. At this time, the rotation of the support frame 125 and the arm 91 rotated by the stoppers 126 and 135 in the direction in which the first and second anvils 62 and 63 approach the crushing rotor 61 is restricted. Then, the operator removes the bite foreign matter through an opening (not shown) that appears when the support frame 125 (including the screen support member 80 and the hydraulic cylinder 81) rotates.

According to the present embodiment performing the configuration and operation as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
That is, in the present embodiment, the screen disposed on the outer peripheral side of the crushing rotor 61 is divided into the first screen 69 and the second screen 70, one of which (here, the first screen 69) and the first screen. The anvil 62 is supported by a rotatable first frame (including the screen support member 80 and the hydraulic cylinder 81). By adopting such a structure, as described above, when foreign matter is caught between the crushing bit 65 and the first anvil 62 and an overload acts on the first anvil 62, not only the first anvil 62 but also the first The screen 69 can also be retracted from the crushing rotor 61, and the opening for removing foreign matter that appears at that time can be enlarged. Therefore, it is possible to improve the workability of the work for removing the foreign matter that has caused the overload by the worker.

  Further, it is conceivable that the foreign matter is caught between the crushing bit 65 and the screen. In that case, however, the screen needs to be removed in the structure as in the conventional technique described above. On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, the first screen 69 is also rotated and retracted as described above, so that foreign matter is caught between the crushing bit 65 and the first screen 69. Even so, the operator can easily remove the foreign matter. From these things, according to this embodiment, the workability | operativity for removing the biting foreign material can be improved.

  Here, in the present embodiment, the screen is divided and only one of the screens is rotated together with the first anvil 62. Therefore, the entire screen including the first screen 69 and the second screen 70 is the first anvil. 62 can be arranged in a wide area from the downstream side of the crushing motor rotation direction to the input portion of the wood to be crushed, and the crushed material discharge area on the outer peripheral side of the crushing rotor 61 is secured as much as possible. It is possible to maintain the processing efficiency. From the above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to improve the workability of removing the caught foreign matter while maintaining the processing efficiency.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. That is, as described above, for example, foreign matter is entangled in the crushing bit 65, and the support frame 125 and the arm 91 are rotated by an overload acting on the first and second anvils 62 and 63 due to the biting of the entangled foreign matter. In some cases, the pivoted support frame 125 and the arm 91 may return to the initial position before the rotation due to gravity. In this case, since the crushing rotor 61 cannot be stopped suddenly due to inertia, the foreign matter entangled with the crushing bit 65 collides again with the first and second anvils 62 and 63 returned, and the first and second anvils 62 63, the support frame 125 or the arm 91 may be damaged by an impact.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the stoppers 126 and 135 restrict the rotation of the support frame 125 and the arm 91 in the direction approaching the crushing rotor 61, so that the support frame 125 and the arm 91 are temporarily separated from the crushing rotor 61. After rotating in the retracting direction, it does not rotate in the direction approaching the crushing rotor 61. Thereby, damage to the first and second anvils 62 and 63, the support frame 125, the arm 91, and the like as described above can be prevented.

  In the above description, the structure in which two anvils (fixed blades) are provided on the outer peripheral side of the crushing rotor 61 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and only one anvil (for example, only the first anvil 62 in the present embodiment). ) May be provided.

  In addition, the above-described presser conveyor device 13 is used as the pressing introduction means for the crushed wood, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, an endless member (such as a belt or a chain) between the driving roller and the driven roller. You may use what wound. Further, the operation at the time of pressing may be configured to move up and down instead of rotating. In this case, the same effect is obtained.

  Moreover, although the wood crusher provided with what is called an impact crusher which attached the cutter (crushing bit 65) to the outer peripheral part of the crushing rotor 61 as an example was demonstrated as an example, it is not restricted to this, Other crushing apparatuses, for example, parallel A crushing device (such as a biaxial shearing machine including a so-called shredder) that has a cutter on a shaft arranged on the shaft and reversely rotates each other, and a roll-shaped rotating body (rotor) for crushing blades A rotary crushing apparatus (such as a six-axis crusher including a roll crusher) that rotates the pair in opposite directions and crushes the object to be crushed between the rotating bodies. Also, the present invention can be applied to a wood crusher equipped with a so-called wood chipper that makes the object to be crushed into chips. In these cases, the same effect as described above is obtained.

  Furthermore, although the case where the present invention is applied to a wood crusher capable of traveling on its own has been described as an example, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be lifted and transported by a mobile wood crusher that can be pulled and run, for example, a crane. Needless to say, the present invention may be applied to a portable wood crusher, and further to a stationary wood crusher arranged as a fixed machine in a plant or the like.

It is a side view showing the whole structure of one embodiment of the wood crusher of the present invention. It is a top view showing the whole structure of one embodiment of the wood crusher of the present invention. It is a side view showing the detailed structure inside the side cover of the crushing device vicinity with which one Embodiment of the wood crusher of this invention was equipped. It is a side view showing the detailed structure of the rear end vicinity provided in one embodiment of the wood crusher of this invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4 showing a detailed structure in the vicinity of a rear end of a hopper provided in an embodiment of the wood crusher of the present invention. It is the front view seen from the back of the hopper showing the detailed structure near the rear end of the hopper with which one embodiment of the wood crusher of the present invention was equipped. It is a VII-VII arrow sectional view in Drawing 6 showing the detailed structure of the rear end part of the feed conveyor with which one embodiment of the wood crusher of the present invention was equipped. It is detail drawing of the locking mechanism of the rear wall body of the hopper with which one Embodiment of the wood crusher of this invention was equipped. It is a figure showing the state by which the rear wall body of the hopper with which one Embodiment of the wood crusher of this invention was equipped was open | released. It is a side view of the crushing device vicinity with which one Embodiment of the wood crusher of this invention was equipped. It is sectional drawing showing in detail the internal structure of the crushing device vicinity with which one Embodiment of the wood crusher of this invention was equipped. It is a figure showing the detail of those movable mechanisms which extracted the structure of the 1st anvil and 1st screen vicinity with which one Embodiment of the wood crusher of this invention was equipped. It is a figure showing the detail of those movable mechanisms which extracted the structure of the 1st anvil and 1st screen vicinity with which one Embodiment of the wood crusher of this invention was equipped. It is the XIV-XIV arrow directional cross-sectional view in FIG. 12 which extracts the structure of the 1st anvil and 1st screen vicinity with which one Embodiment of this invention was equipped, and shows those movable mechanisms in detail. It is a side view showing the whole structure of the stopper for return prevention with which one embodiment of the wood crusher of the present invention was equipped. It is XVI-XVI arrow sectional drawing in FIG. 15 showing the whole structure of the stopper for a return prevention with which one Embodiment of the wood crusher of this invention was equipped. It is sectional drawing showing the state at the time of the action | operation of the stopper for a return prevention with which one Embodiment of the wood crusher of this invention was equipped. It is a figure showing the state at the time of lock release of the 1st screen with which one Embodiment of the wood crusher of this invention was equipped. It is a figure showing the detail of the movable mechanism which extracted the structure of the 2nd screen vicinity with which one Embodiment of the wood crusher of this invention was equipped. It is a figure showing the state of the crushing device periphery at the time of lock release of the 2nd screen with which one Embodiment of the wood crusher of this invention was equipped.

Explanation of symbols

1 Traveling body (traveling means)
45 Side cover 61 Crushing rotor 62 First anvil (fixed blade)
65 Crushing bit 69 First screen (sieving member)
71 Arm (first frame)
77 Shear Pin (Rotation Allowable Member)
80 Screen support member (second frame)
81 Hydraulic cylinder (actuator)
94 Shear pin 125 Support frame (support member)
126 Stopper (Rotation restricting means)
127 Through-hole 128 Locking member 133 Spring (biasing means)

Claims (5)

A crushing rotor having crushing bits arranged on the outer periphery,
A fixed blade provided on the outer peripheral side of the crushing rotor;
A sieve member provided on the downstream side of the stationary blade in the crushing rotor rotation direction, and disposed with a gap between the crushing rotor,
A support member that supports the fixed blade and the sieving member, and is rotatably provided so that the sieving member retracts together with the fixed blade when an overload acts on the fixed blade;
A wood crusher comprising: a rotation permission member that is connected to the support member and allows the support member to retreat from an installation position due to an overload acting on the fixed blade.   The support member includes the fixed blade on the upstream side in the rotation direction of the crushing rotor, and a first frame on which the sieving member is placed so as to be inserted and removed in the axial direction of the crushing rotor, and the first frame rotates. A second frame that is connected to the first frame in cooperation with the first frame, and is connected to the first frame and the second frame, and the second frame is connected to the first frame. The wood crusher according to claim 1, comprising an actuator that rotates.   The wood crusher according to claim 1, further comprising a rotation restricting unit that restricts a rotation operation of the support member in a direction approaching the crushing rotor.   The rotation restricting means includes a locking member supported on a side cover provided on a side surface of the crushing rotor so as to be able to advance and retreat in a through hole formed in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotation surface of the support member; 4. A wood crusher according to claim 3, further comprising biasing means for biasing the locking member against the support member.   The wood crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the wood crusher is provided with traveling means and capable of self-propelling.

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