JP2005307969A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compressor provided with a main shaft driven and rotated by rotating power supplied from an external drive source, a compression mechanism driven by the main shaft and a casing storing the main shaft and the compression mechanism, and preventing short cycle angular speed fluctuation of the external drive source from causing damage of the compression mechanism. <P>SOLUTION: This compressor is provided with the main shaft driven and rotated by rotating power supplied from the external drive source, the compression mechanism driven by the main shaft and the casing storing the main shaft and the compression mechanism, and a one-way clutch is arranged between the main shaft and the compression mechanism. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to a compressor driven by an external drive source.

Patent Document 1 discloses a compressor including a main shaft that is rotationally driven by rotational power supplied from an in-vehicle engine, a compression mechanism that is driven by the main shaft, and a casing that houses the main shaft and the compression mechanism.
JP 2001-304109 A

As the in-vehicle engine becomes diesel and the weight of the engine flywheel becomes lighter, the angular speed fluctuation during one rotation of the engine tends to increase. When the angular velocity fluctuation during one rotation of the engine increases, the short-period fluctuation of the external force transmitted to the compression mechanism via the main shaft increases, and the compression mechanism may be damaged by fatigue.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and includes a main shaft that is rotationally driven by rotational power supplied from an external drive source, a compression mechanism that is driven by the main shaft, and a casing that houses the main shaft and the compression mechanism. It is an object of the present invention to provide a compressor having a short period angular velocity fluctuation of an external drive source that does not cause damage to the compression mechanism.

In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a main shaft that is rotationally driven by rotational power supplied from an external drive source, a compression mechanism that is driven by the main shaft, and a casing that houses the main shaft and the compression mechanism. The compressor is characterized in that a one-way clutch is disposed between the main shaft and the compression mechanism.
In the compressor according to the present invention, the short-cycle angular velocity fluctuation of the external drive source is transmitted to the main shaft of the compressor, and the one-way clutch compresses the main shaft in the deceleration direction speed fluctuation even if the main shaft rotation angular velocity fluctuates in a short period. Therefore, the short-term fluctuation external force is not applied to the compression mechanism and is not damaged. Since the inertia moment of the compression mechanism is applied to the main shaft only in one direction, the screw portion of the power transmission mechanism that connects the main shaft and the external drive source does not loosen even if the rotational angular speed fluctuation of the main shaft is large. The number of hits between the members constituting the material is reduced and noise is reduced.

In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the main shaft drives the compression mechanism via a sub main shaft that is operatively engaged with the main shaft and rotates, and the one-way clutch is between the sub main shaft and the compression mechanism or between the main shaft and the sub main shaft. It is arranged.
When the main shaft drives the compression mechanism via the sub main shaft that is operatively engaged with the main shaft and rotates, the one-way clutch may be disposed between the sub main shaft and the compression mechanism, or the main shaft and the sub main shaft. You may arrange | position between.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compression mechanism is a variable capacity.
When the compression mechanism has a variable capacity, a compression reaction force is not applied to the compression mechanism operating at the minimum capacity, and therefore the compression mechanism is in an inertial motion. In this state, when the external drive source causes a short cycle angular velocity fluctuation, the main shaft of the compressor rotates in a reverse direction with a relatively short cycle with respect to the inertial motion direction of the compression mechanism, and a short cycle fluctuation external force is applied to the compression mechanism. In addition, the compression mechanism has a high possibility of fatigue damage. Therefore, the present invention is particularly effective for a compressor having a variable capacity compression mechanism.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, rotational power is transmitted from an external drive source to the main shaft without going through a clutch.
When rotational power is transmitted from the external drive source to the main shaft via the clutch, if the clutch is disengaged when the compression mechanism is operating at the minimum capacity, short cycle angular velocity fluctuations of the external drive source will not be transmitted to the main shaft. In addition, no short-period fluctuation external force is applied to the compression mechanism. When the rotational power is transmitted from the external drive source to the main shaft without going through the clutch, the rotational power is transmitted from the external drive source to the main shaft even when the compression mechanism is operating at the minimum capacity. The short period angular velocity fluctuation of the source is transmitted to the main shaft. Therefore, the present invention is particularly effective for a compressor in which the compression mechanism has a variable capacity and rotational power is transmitted from the external drive source to the main shaft without using a clutch.

In the compressor according to the present invention, the short-cycle angular velocity fluctuation of the external drive source is transmitted to the main shaft of the compressor, and even if the rotational angular velocity of the main shaft fluctuates in a short cycle, the one-way clutch compresses the speed fluctuation in the deceleration direction of the main shaft. Therefore, the short-term fluctuation external force is not applied to the compression mechanism and is not damaged. Since the moment of inertia of the compression mechanism is applied to the main shaft only in one direction, the screw portion of the power transmission mechanism that connects the main shaft and the external drive source does not loosen even if the rotational angular speed fluctuation of the main shaft is large. The number of hits between the members constituting the material is reduced and noise is reduced.

An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a swash plate compressor will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, a variable capacity swash plate compressor A connected to a refrigeration circuit of an in-vehicle air conditioner system (not shown) includes a drive shaft 10 and a rotor 11 that is externally fitted to the drive shaft 10 so as to be slidably rotatable. And a swash plate 12 supported by the drive shaft 10 so that the tilt angle is variable. The rotor 11 is operatively engaged with the drive shaft 10 via a one-way clutch 13 that transmits only rotation in one direction of the drive shaft 10 to the rotor 11. The one-way clutch 13 includes an annular holding member 13a formed by a boss portion of the rotor 11, a plurality of cylindrical rollers 13b disposed in the annular holding member 13a, and a spring (not shown) that urges the roller 13b. This is a well-known roller type one-way clutch having a washer. The swash plate 12 is connected to the rotor 11 via a link mechanism 14 that allows a change in the tilt angle of the swash plate 12, and rotates in synchronization with the rotor 11.
The piston 16 is moored to the swash plate 12 via a pair of shoes 15 that are in sliding contact with the peripheral edge of the swash plate 12. The piston 16 is inserted into a cylinder bore 17 a formed in the cylinder block 17.
A front housing 19 that forms a crank chamber 18 that accommodates the drive shaft 10, the rotor 11, the swash plate 12, and the one-way clutch 13 in cooperation with the cylinder block 17 is disposed.

The rotor 11 is rotatably supported by the front housing 19 via a radial bearing 20 and a thrust bearing 21 that are disposed radially outward of the annular holding member 13a.
The drive shaft 10 extends through the front housing 19 to the outside of the front housing 19. The front housing penetrating portion of the drive shaft 10 is sealed by a shaft seal device 22 adjacent to the one-way clutch 13 on the outside of the front housing 19.
The front end portion of the drive shaft 10 extending to the outside of the front housing 19 is directly connected to the vehicle-mounted engine via a power transmission mechanism (not shown) without using an electromagnetic clutch.

A cylinder head 25 that forms a suction chamber 23 and a discharge chamber 24 is disposed. The suction chamber 23 communicates with a suction port (not shown), and the discharge chamber 24 communicates with a discharge port (not shown).
A valve plate 26 having a suction hole 26a and a discharge hole 26b is disposed between the cylinder block 17 and the cylinder head 25. The suction hole 26a communicates with the suction chamber 23 and the cylinder bore 17a, and the discharge hole 26b communicates with the discharge chamber 24 and the cylinder bore 17a. A reed valve type suction valve 27 that opens and closes the suction hole 26a, a reed valve type discharge valve 28 that opens and closes the discharge hole 26b, and a retainer 29 that regulates the opening degree of the discharge valve 28 are provided.
The front housing 19, the cylinder block 17, the valve plate 26, and the cylinder head 25 are integrally assembled by bolts (not shown).
The compression mechanism of the variable capacity swash plate compressor A is formed by the rotor 11, the swash plate 12, the shoe 15, the piston 16, and the like.
The front housing 19, the cylinder block 17, and the cylinder head 25 form a casing that houses the compression mechanism of the variable capacity swash plate compressor A.

In the variable capacity swash plate compressor A, the rotation of the in-vehicle engine is transmitted to the drive shaft 10 via a power transmission mechanism (not shown). The rotation of the drive shaft 10 is transmitted to the annular holding member 13a of the one-way clutch 13 via the roller 13b of the one-way clutch 13. The rotation of the annular holding member 13 a is transmitted to the rotor 11 and is transmitted from the rotor 11 to the swash plate 12 through the link mechanism 14.
The reciprocating motion in the extending direction of the drive shaft 10 at the peripheral edge of the swash plate 12 accompanying the rotation of the swash plate 12 is transmitted to the piston 16 via the shoe 15.
The piston 16 reciprocates in the cylinder bore 17a, recirculates from the air conditioning system refrigeration circuit, and compresses the refrigerant gas flowing into the cylinder bore 17a through the suction port, the suction chamber 23, the suction hole 26a, and the suction valve 27.
The compressed refrigerant gas is discharged to the discharge chamber 24 through the discharge hole 26b and the discharge valve 28, and is returned to the refrigeration circuit of the air conditioner system from the discharge port.

In the variable capacity swash plate compressor A, even if a short cycle angular velocity fluctuation occurs in the rotation of the vehicle-mounted engine and the angular velocity fluctuation is transmitted to the main shaft 10 and the rotational angular velocity of the main shaft 10 fluctuates in a short cycle, the one-way clutch The speed change in the deceleration direction of the main shaft 10 is not transmitted to the holding member 13a, and the speed change in the speed reduction direction of the main shaft 10 is not transmitted to the rotor 11. Therefore, even if a short cycle angular velocity fluctuation occurs in the rotation of the vehicle-mounted engine, a short cycle fluctuation external force is not applied to the compression mechanism, and the compression mechanism does not suffer fatigue damage.
Since the inertial moment of the compression mechanism is applied to the main shaft 10 only in one direction, the screw portion of the power transmission mechanism that connects the main shaft 10 and the in-vehicle engine does not loosen even if the rotational angular velocity fluctuation of the main shaft 10 is large. The striking between members constituting the compression mechanism is also reduced, and noise is reduced.

Since the compression mechanism of the variable capacity swash plate compressor A has a variable capacity, a compression reaction force is not applied to the compression mechanism operating at the minimum capacity, and the compression mechanism is in an inertial motion. In this state, when a short cycle angular velocity fluctuation occurs in the in-vehicle engine, the main shaft 10 rotates in a reverse direction with a relatively short cycle with respect to the inertial motion direction of the compression mechanism, and a short cycle variable external force is applied to the compression mechanism. The compression mechanism is likely to be fatigued. Therefore, the arrangement of the one-way clutch 13 is particularly effective for the variable displacement swash plate compressor A.

When the rotational power is transmitted from the in-vehicle engine to the main shaft 10 via the clutch, if the clutch is disengaged when the compression mechanism is operating at the minimum capacity, the short-cycle angular velocity fluctuation of the in-vehicle engine is not transmitted to the main shaft 10. Therefore, no short cycle fluctuation external force is applied to the compression mechanism. In the variable displacement swash plate compressor A, the rotational power is transmitted from the in-vehicle engine to the main shaft 10 without a clutch, so that the in-vehicle engine rotates to the main shaft 10 even when the compression mechanism is operating at the minimum capacity. The power is transmitted, and the short-cycle angular velocity fluctuation of the in-vehicle engine is transmitted to the main shaft 10. Therefore, the arrangement of the one-way clutch 13 is particularly effective for the variable displacement swash plate compressor A that is directly connected to the vehicle-mounted engine without the clutch.

Since the one-way clutch 13 is disposed on the inner side of the front housing 19 with respect to the shaft seal device 22 and is in the crank chamber 18, the lubricating oil stored in the crank chamber 18 and the refrigerant in the crank chamber 18 are provided. It is lubricated by the lubricating oil contained in the gas. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a lubricating means for the one-way clutch 13.

In the compressor configured such that the main shaft transmitted with the rotational power from the external drive source via the power transmission mechanism rotates the sub main shaft operatively engaged with the main shaft, and the sub main shaft drives the compression mechanism. The one-way clutch may be disposed between the sub main shaft and the compression mechanism, or may be disposed between the main shaft and the sub main shaft.

The present invention can be applied not only to a variable capacity swash plate type compressor but also to an arbitrary compressor such as a fixed capacity swash plate type compressor and a scroll type compressor in which a compression mechanism is driven by rotation of a main shaft.
The external drive source that rotationally drives the main shaft is not limited to the in-vehicle engine. A motor that may cause a change in the rotational angular velocity may be used, or another drive source may be used.

The present invention is applicable to various compressors including a main shaft that is rotationally driven by rotational power supplied from an external drive source, a compression mechanism that is driven by the main shaft, and a casing that houses the main shaft and the compression mechanism. is there.

It is sectional drawing of the swash plate type compressor which concerns on the Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

A Variable displacement swash plate compressor 10 Drive shaft 11 Rotor 12 Swash plate 13 One-way clutch 15 Piston 17 Cylinder block 17a Cylinder bore 19 Front housing 22 Shaft seal device 25 Cylinder head

Claims (4)

A main shaft that is rotationally driven by rotational power supplied from an external drive source, a compression mechanism that is driven by the main shaft, and a casing that houses the main shaft and the compression mechanism. A one-way clutch is provided between the main shaft and the compression mechanism. A compressor characterized by being arranged. The main shaft drives the compression mechanism via the sub main shaft that is operatively engaged with the main shaft and rotates, and the one-way clutch is disposed between the sub main shaft and the compression mechanism or between the main shaft and the sub main shaft. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the compression mechanism has a variable capacity. 4. The compressor according to claim 3, wherein rotational power is transmitted from an external drive source to the main shaft without passing through a clutch.

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