JP2005306969A - Method for carbonizing waste and method for utilizing carbonized matter produced by the method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for carbonizing wastes, which has an effect that the wastes can easily be converted into the carbonized matter and then effectively recycled as a fuel and by which the carbonized matter can efficiently be recycled to a large carbonized matter-utilizing market corresponding to the amount of the produced wastes, to provide a method for utilizing the carbonized matter produced by the method. <P>SOLUTION: This method for carbonizing the wastes is characterized by thermally treating the inorganic or organic wastes in a carbonizing chamber at about 300 to 800°C and then dry-distilling the product in the carbonizing chamber at low temperature. The carbonized product is molded into a prescribed shape and used as a fuel auxiliary or a fuel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for carbonizing waste and a method for using the carbide produced by the method.

  In modern times, recycling of automobiles, home appliances, food and food containers, and other various inorganic products has become a legal requirement, and the processing of these inorganic products is also an urgent need from the standpoint of resource conservation and environmental protection. It is a well-known fact that it is a request.

  In particular, such recycling is a major problem not only in the automobile industry but also in the automobile-related industry.

  As an effective disposal method for a discarded vehicle currently known, there is a method in which a discarded vehicle is disassembled and each dismantled part is put on a predetermined recycling line and regenerated or reused for other purposes. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  However, at the time of such dismantling, waste dust that cannot be used for normal recycling or incineration due to characteristics such as material and form, so-called shredder dust is inevitably generated, and about 20 to 30% of waste automobiles. Shredder dust is generated.

However, there is an urgent need to treat not only inorganic waste such as shredder dust but also organic waste. For example, there are various types of organic waste such as sewage sludge, human waste sludge, municipal waste, garbage, food waste, waste wood, etc., which are composed of polymers containing carbon and are incinerated. Or composting.
JP 11-348855 A

  Shredder dust as inorganic waste contains resin-based and fiber-based fine scraps and metal-based small pieces, and when incinerated, dioxins are generated, causing pollution problems. Since it is generated in large quantities, how to treat this shredder dust and how to effectively use it after the treatment becomes a big issue in the future recycling process of discarded vehicles.

  Of course, attempts to recycle shredder dust are also made, for example, shredder dust is separated and treated to a certain degree, and methods are used for each application. The situation is that the processing is complicated, and it is more difficult to secure the use of a vast amount of processed material, which is far from the purpose of recycling shredder dust.

  Furthermore, organic waste such as sewage sludge, municipal waste, garbage and food waste is composed of biologically unstable proteins, carbohydrates and wood that contain a lot of moisture. Even if the composting treatment is performed, the volume reduction rate is low, the equipment construction cost is high, it is difficult to reuse the product, and measures against dioxins are required, so that the treatment cost is increased.

  In particular, the processing in the case where a large amount of product is generated has no idea, so that the processing method itself must be reviewed.

  This invention is to provide a carbonization method for waste, characterized in that the waste is heat-treated at about 300 to 800 ° C. in a carbonization chamber and then subjected to low-temperature carbonization in the carbonization chamber. .

  In addition, there is a feature in that spare chambers for preventing explosion in the carbonization chamber are provided before and after the carbonization chamber.

  Further, the carbonization chamber is composed of three chambers, and the last carbonization chamber is characterized in that the carbide carbonized by combustion is naturally cooled.

  Further, after the carbide is pulverized and stored in a storage hopper, the carbide is sprayed as a fuel into a boiler as a heat source for generating steam by a pulverized coal spraying device connected to the hopper.

  Moreover, the boiler as a heat source for generating steam is also characterized by being a boiler in a thermal power plant.

  According to the invention of claim 1, inorganic and organic wastes are heat-treated at about 300 to 800 ° C. in a carbonization treatment chamber, and then low-temperature carbonization treatment is performed in the carbonization treatment chamber. Because it is used as a fuel auxiliary material or fuel, there is an effect that waste can be easily converted into carbide and effectively recycled as fuel, and there is a large market for the use of carbide commensurate with the amount of waste generated. Can be made more efficient.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the spare chambers for preventing the explosion in the carbonization chamber are provided before and after the carbonization chamber, there is an effect that the carbonization promotion processing can be safely performed.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the carbonization chamber is composed of three chambers and the carbide carbonized by combustion is naturally cooled in the last carbonization chamber, sufficient carbonization promotion treatment can be performed and the shredder can be effectively performed. It has the effect of carbonizing dust.

  According to the invention of claim 4, since the carbide is pulverized and stored in the storage hopper, it is formed so that it can be sprayed as fuel into a boiler as a heat source for generating steam by a pulverized coal spraying device connected to the hopper. In addition, the carbide can be effectively recycled as a fuel, and there is an effect that it is possible to avoid a situation with difficulty in measures after the processing such as how to use the carbonized product.

  According to the invention of claim 5, since the boiler as the heat source for generating steam is a boiler in a thermal power plant, a large amount of carbide generated by the treatment of inorganic waste and organic waste is consumed in the thermal power plant. As a result, it can be recycled more easily.

  According to the invention of claim 6, the carbide converted into fuel by any one of the above inventions is pulverized and stored in the storage hopper, and then injected as fuel into the combustion furnace by the pulverized coal spraying device connected to the hopper. Therefore, there is an effect that the pulverized coal can be burned efficiently and efficiently in the combustion furnace.

  In this invention, first, shredder dust as an example of inorganic waste will be described. Combustible materials are separated from shredder dust generated at the time of scrap car processing of automobiles, that is, scrap processing, or shredder dust is used as fuel without separation. Carbonization is performed in a form that can be reused, and the treated carbide can be reused as fuel, thereby meeting social needs and legal requirements regarding the disposal of discarded vehicles.

  Furthermore, the target of carbonization is not only the shredder dust generated when disposing of automobiles, but also the shredder dust of household appliances and other inorganic products. It can be reused.

  Specifically, the shredder dust is heat-treated at about 350 to 450 ° C. in a carbonization treatment chamber provided with a spare chamber for preventing explosions before and after, and then subjected to dry distillation treatment at a low temperature in the carbonization treatment chamber. Fuel obtained from shredder dust is obtained by pulverizing the obtained carbide into a fuel auxiliary material or fuel. Moreover, the pulverized carbide is injected as fuel into a boiler as a heat source for generating steam, for example, a boiler in a thermal power plant, by a pulverized coal spraying device connected to the hopper after being stored in the storage hopper. Yes, when ejected, it is ejected by a pulverized coal spraying device. First, the carbide is stored in the storage hopper from the bag filter, then pulverized by the crushing device, temporarily stored in the intermediate tank, and then sent to the coal It passes through the pipe and is sprayed and burned from the tip nozzle at the tip into a boiler as a combustion furnace.

  With this technology, shredder dust can be effectively recycled, and the current problems in the recycling industry can be epoch-makingly solved.

  In addition, carbonized waste tires such as trucks, buses, passenger cars, etc. that contain rubber, carbon, sulfur, oil / resin, organic chemicals for rubber, organic fibers, zinc oxide, iron, etc. Various inorganic wastes can be carbonized and reused, such as being reusable as fuel.

  Next, regarding organic waste, for example, regarding sewage sludge, as a carbonization facility, a pretreatment device, a carbonization furnace main body as a carbonization device, a gas combustion device including a deodorization furnace, a dust collector, a heat supply device, etc. Equipment composed of an appropriate combination of these is used.

  And, as the flow of carbonization, heating is performed at a high temperature of 300 to 800 ° C. for 15 minutes to 12 hours under a reducing atmosphere condition in which air is shut off, and then at a low temperature of 100 to 300 ° C. for 5 minutes to 60 minutes. And a low temperature carbonization treatment is performed to obtain a carbide as a product.

  These carbides are atomized and injected as fuel into the boiler of a thermal power plant. At the time of jetting, carbides finely divided by a bag filter, a storage hopper, and a pulverizer are sprayed and burned into a combustion furnace using a pulverized coal spraying device.

  Both inorganic waste and organic waste become the products of fine powders that have been converted to carbides by the above-mentioned treatment process, and these fine powders of carbides are used in the combustion boilers of thermal power plants that are expected to be used in large quantities. Sprayed to become fuel adjuncts, combined with the high efficiency of ignition unique to carbides, combined with the minimum of combustion residues, effective waste treatment products without being bothered by the use, and the difficulty of secondary use Can be processed without.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  The gist of the embodiment of the present invention is to use a large amount of carbide produced by carbonizing inorganic waste or organic waste as fuel for a boiler of a thermal power plant. By using it as an effective fuel resource, it will be possible to treat a huge amount of waste generated around the world and to effectively consume the generated carbide.

  Hereinafter, examples of carbonization treatment of inorganic waste and examples of carbonization treatment of organic waste will be described in order, and thereafter, examples of utilization techniques of carbides generated by these carbonization treatments will be referred to. .

(I) Examples of Carbonization Treatment of Inorganic Waste As an example of inorganic waste, carbonization treatment of shredder dust generated during automobile waste car treatment, that is, scrap treatment will be described. Carbide obtained by heat treatment at ˜450 ° C. and then by low-temperature carbonization treatment in the same carbonization chamber to make it a predetermined shape and reusable by using fuel auxiliary material or fuel as will be described later It is possible to respond to social needs and legal demands regarding the processing of wastewater.

  As described above, when disposing of a discarded car, waste garbage that cannot be used for normal recycling or incineration, so-called shredder dust, is inevitably generated due to characteristics such as material and form. 30% shredder dust is generated.

  Note that the shredder dust refers to resin-based or fiber-based fine scraps, metal-based small pieces, and the like that are generated during dismantling work performed at the time of scrap car treatment.

  Originally, when a scrap car is dismantled, each dismantled part is put on a predetermined recycling line and recycled or reused for other purposes. A so-called shredder dust is generated.

  The components of shredder dust in terms of weight ratio account for almost three-quarters of flammable materials that contain a lot of inorganic waste such as resin, urethane foam, resin, rubber, wood, paper, etc. Non-combustible materials such as non-ferrous metals, harnesses, glass, and iron. Therefore, the non-combustible material such as metal is removed from these shredder dusts, and the remaining combustible material which is mainly inorganic waste is used as the shredder dust as the material to be treated in the present invention.

  The incombustible material such as a metal to be removed can be put on a predetermined recycling line as a useful material for a fee, and thus is previously removed from the shredder dust as described above. In the treatment in the carbonization chamber of the present invention, it is not always necessary to remove such incombustible material such as metal, and there is also a method of removing the incombustible material such as metal by carbonizing the whole shredder dust as it is and then separating it. is there.

  Thus, the shredder dust which consists only of the combustible material which mainly consisted of the inorganic waste sorted beforehand, or the shredder dust containing incombustible materials, such as a metal, is processed as follows.

  (1) Carbonizing the combustible material in the shredder dust by carbonizing the shredder dust by introducing the shredder dust into the raw carbon production apparatus.

(2) The material processed by the raw carbon manufacturing apparatus is taken out from the apparatus and crushed.
On the other hand, shredder dust containing non-combustible material such as metal is carbonized by a carbon-coating device and taken out from the device, and then non-combustible material such as metal is subjected to a magnetic separation and separation by a magnetic separator. The generated carbon is taken out as it is.

  (3) Treated and crushed carbon is used as various fuels or fuel auxiliary agents, and is temporarily stored in a storage hopper and injected into a combustion furnace by a pulverized coal spraying device.

  First, a technique for carbonizing the combustible material contained in the shredder dust by putting the shredder dust into the raw coal production apparatus A and performing carbon treatment in the processing step (1) will be described.

  The shredder dust is accommodated in a dedicated sealed container 1 and is carried into the raw coal production apparatus A.

  The dedicated container 1 is made of metal having good heat conduction.

  The raw coal manufacturing apparatus A is composed of three compartments that are sequentially connected to a carry-in spare chamber a1 for the dedicated container 1, a plurality of carbonization chambers a2, and a carry-out spare chamber a3 for the dedicated container 1.

  Each of the front and rear spare chambers a1 and a3 is composed of a chamber filled with nitrogen so that air does not enter the carbonization chamber a2 when the dedicated container 1 is carried into or out of the carbonization chamber a2. This prevents air from entering the carbonization chamber a2 and exploding the chamber.

  The spare chambers a1 and a3 are constructed so that the inner surface is made of heat-resistant bricks and the outer surface is made of a heat-resistant metal plate, respectively, so as to provide a heat-retaining effect in the room.

  An exhaust gas pipe 2 is communicated with the center of the ceiling, and a gas pipe 3 for injecting nitrogen gas is communicated with the lower portion of the side wall surface. The nitrogen gas is heated to about 200 ° C. by a heater and is used as a preliminary chamber a1. The excess gas is supplied to the interior of a3 and adjusted to adjust the amount of nitrogen gas inside, and is discharged to the outside through the exhaust gas treatment unit 4 from the exhaust gas pipe 2 at the center of the ceiling.

  A rail 5 is laid in the spare chambers a1 and a3, and a moving chain 6 is provided along the rail 5. A claw 7 protruding from the chain engages with a hook 8 protruding from the bottom of the container 1. At the same time, the container 1 is transported.

  An entrance door 9 is provided at the entrance of the carry-in preparatory chamber a1, and an exit door 10 is provided at the exit of the carry-out preparatory chamber a3. Further, a partition between the carry-in preparatory chamber a1 and the entrance of the carbonization treatment chamber a2 is provided. A partition door 11 that is openable and closable is provided in each part and a partition between the unloading spare chamber a3 and the outlet of the carbonization chamber a2.

  In this way, the carbonization chamber a2 is interposed between the carry-in preliminary chamber a1 and the carry-out preliminary chamber a3, and the carbonization chamber a2 is configured by connecting a plurality of small chambers, and the inner wall surface is It is made of heat-resistant brick, the outer wall is made of metal, the exhaust gas conduit 12 is connected to the center of the ceiling, and three combustion gas pipes 13 are inserted in the lower part of the front outer wall. It rises vertically, climbs over the ceiling, goes out of the carbonization chamber a2, communicates with one combustion gas pipe 14, and three heating pipes 15 are inserted through the lower part of the outer wall on the back. , Inserted into the interior, rising vertically, passing over the ceiling, exiting to the outside of the carbonization chamber a2, and communicating with one exhaust gas pipe 16.

  The exhaust gas conduit 12 is connected to the reaction chamber 17, and the reaction chamber 17 is configured such that a mixed gas with air stays in the reaction chamber 17 for a certain period of time.

  The outside of the reaction chamber 17 is made of heat-resistant metal bricks, and the interior is configured to maintain a temperature of about 900 ° C., and the mixed gas inside is completely burned to become colorless and odorless and carbonize via the heating pipe 15. It is configured so that the temperature in the carbonization processing chamber a2 can be increased by being reduced into the processing chamber a2.

  In the vicinity of the final outlets of the combustion gas pipe 14 and the exhaust gas pipe 16, dampers 19 and 20 for adjusting the exhaust gas and preventing the backflow of air are provided.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a quartz glass plate 21 is horizontally stretched under the carbonization chamber a2, and two mesh-like red hot tubes 22 are horizontally disposed below the quartz glass plate 21, Each injection port 24 of the heating burner 23 is provided opposite to the starting end opening of the red hot cylinder 22.

  A stainless reflector plate 25 is stretched under the red hot cylinder 22 at the bottom of the carbonization chamber a2. A crushing magnetic separator B is connected to an unloading spare chamber a3 that is connected to the end of the carbonization chamber a2.

  The raw carbon manufacturing apparatus A configured as described above converts shredder dust into fuel as follows.

  First, in the sealed raw carbon production apparatus A, the red hot cylinder 22 is heated by the heating burner 23 so as to superheat the inside of the empty carbonization processing chamber a2, and through the quartz glass plate 21 together with the reflected heat from the reflector plate 25. Red heat is radiated into the carbonization chamber a2, and heating in the carbonization chamber a2 is started.

  Next, when the temperature of the chamber exceeds 300 ° C., nitrogen gas starts to be injected into the preliminary chambers a1 and a3 located before and after the carbonization chamber a2, and at this point, the inlet door 9 of the loading preliminary chamber a1 opens. Then, the container 1 storing the shredder dust is carried into the carry-in preliminary chamber a1, and the entrance door 9 is closed.

  When the amount of high-temperature nitrogen gas injected into the carry-in spare chamber a1 reaches a fixed amount, the air inside the carry-in spare chamber a1 is forcibly discharged outside.

  In this state, the partition door 11 between the carbonization chamber a2 and the carry-in spare chamber a1 is opened, and the dedicated container 1 containing shredder dust is carried from the carry-in spare chamber a1 into the carbonization chamber a2, and the partition door is opened. 11 is closed, the carbonization chamber a2 is sealed, and heating is started.

  Here, in the carbonization chamber a2, the shredder dust is heated to 350 ° C. to 450 ° C.

  Since the inside of the carbonization chamber a2 is a sealed heating chamber, the shredder dust does not come into contact with oxygen, and therefore the shredder dust or the steel wire contained therein is not oxidized.

  The dedicated container 1 in the carbonization chamber a2 is sequentially heated in the first carbonization chamber a2 and the second carbonization chamber a2 at a preset temperature and time, preferably at a temperature of 350 ° C. for 10 to 15 minutes. When the second carbonization chamber a2 is transferred to the third carbonization chamber a2, the final carbonization chamber a2 has a combustion temperature (200 ° C.) or less in the final carbonization chamber a2. Until then, the dedicated container 1 is left to be naturally cooled (heat radiation). That is, in this state, the low temperature carbonization process is performed in the carbonization chamber a2.

  The heat treatment in the first carbonization chamber a2 and the second carbonization chamber a2 is completed in 60 to 90 minutes as a whole.

  When heating the carbonization chamber a2, the exhaust gas accompanying the heating is once taken out through the exhaust gas conduit 12, completely burned in the reaction chamber 17 of the exhaust gas processing unit 4, and then heated after being odorless and colorless. It is recirculated into the carbonization chamber a2 as a heat source again through the piping 15 for use, and the exhaust gas in the carbonization chamber a2 is thus reused.

  In the third carbonization chamber a2, the dedicated container 1 whose temperature has been lowered to about 200 ° C. is transported to the final unloading spare chamber a3, where it is cooled to about 100 ° C. after being prevented from explosive explosion by adjusting the atmospheric pressure. It is taken out from the preparatory room a3 and raw coal, that is, carbide is generated.

  Next, a technique for crushing and magnetically separating the carbide generated in the step (1) by the step (2) will be described.

  That is, as a device for performing crushing and magnetic separation, a pair of crushing rollers 27 for crushing the raw coal from the hopper 26 are rotatably supported, and a mixture 28 such as steel wire and a carbide 29 are placed below the rollers. The belt conveyor 30 to be transferred is rotatably suspended, and a belt conveyor 31 with magnets is suspended at a fixed distance above the vicinity of the end of the conveyor 30, and the mixture 28 such as steel wire is a belt conveyor with magnets. The magnets 31 are attracted and separated and transferred, and fallen and stored in the collection unit 32 disposed at the end of the conveyor 31, while the carbide 29 is further transferred from the belt conveyor 30 and discharged from the discharge port as a final product. The

  In this manner, the carbonized carbide is crushed by the crushing magnetic separator B to become pulverized coal, and the mixture 28 such as steel wire is magnetically separated to obtain the pulverized carbide 29a as the final product.

  What has been described above is the technology related to carbonization of shredder dust as an example of inorganic waste. Next, examples of organic waste include sewage sludge, municipal waste, human waste sludge, waste wood, and food waste. A technique for carbonizing foods, livestock manure, etc. will be described.

(Ii) Examples of carbonization treatment of organic waste Generally, as carbonization equipment for carbonizing organic waste, as a pretreatment device, a dehydrator, a crusher, a granulator, a dryer, etc. Is used.

  In the case of sludge, a dehydration process is required, and in the case of municipal waste, a crushing process is required. Therefore, equipment that matches these processes is used, and in addition to these equipment and equipment, a dryer is used. In some cases.

  As a carbonization apparatus used after passing through the pretreatment step, an internal combustion rotary kiln D having a screw mechanism 59 as shown in FIG. 8 is used as a typical carbonization furnace.

  In addition, a gas combustion apparatus that is connected to the carbonization apparatus and includes a secondary incinerator or a deodorizing furnace is used.

  Furthermore, a cyclone, a bag filter, an electrostatic precipitator, etc. are provided for releasing exhaust gas generated during carbonization to the atmosphere.

  The carbonization apparatus is provided with a heat supply apparatus as equipment for supplying heat necessary for carbonization.

  As the heat supply device, fuel such as heavy oil, kerosene, and city gas is used.

  With respect to these basic carbonization treatment facilities, carbonization treatment for each main raw material will be specifically described.

(1) Municipal waste Since the water content is 50% or more, the waste is crushed to about 150mm as a pre-treatment, the moisture is adjusted with a dryer, and the carbonization temperature is set to 450 ° C or higher. Volatile components in the product are separated as pyrolysis gas, and fixed carbon components and incombustible materials are selectively removed to recover carbides.

(2) Sewage sludge As shown in FIG. 9, the carbonization process of sewage sludge is as follows.

  A fixed amount of dehydrated sludge having a water content of about 80% is supplied to the dryer 60. The dryer 60 is an internal heat type rotary kiln D. While rotating, stirring, granulating and transferring the dewatered sludge, the 850 ° C. dry distillation combustion gas generated in the carbonization furnace 64 is blown into the drum of the dryer 60 to have a moisture content of 30. Dry around%. The dried sludge is transferred to a dried sludge hopper 63 with a quantitative supply device above the carbonization furnace 64 by a dried sludge conveyor 62.

  The carbonization furnace 64 is a kind of external heat kiln in which a plurality of (for example, 4 to 6 stages) screw conveyors 61, 61... Then, transfer to the middle and lower screw conveyors 61. When the outer casing 80 of the screw conveyor 61 is heated at about 700 ° C. by the preheating furnace burner 70 below the carbonization furnace 64, the dried sludge is pyrolyzed, that is, carbonized and carbonized in a low oxygen state. This is cooled to about 40 ° C. by the cooling conveyor 65 and then stored.

  The stored gas generated in the screw conveyor 61 at each stage is discharged and burned from a nozzle 81 provided on the upper portion of the casing 80 of the screw conveyor 61 to be used as a heat source for dry distillation. The dry distillation gas discharged into the carbonization furnace 64 is combusted by the nozzle 81 at the upper part of the casing 80, but is completely burned at about 850 ° C. by the reburning furnace 71 directly above the carbonization furnace 64, and the exhaust gas treatment and drying are performed. The heat source of the machine is used.

  Exhaust gas from the dryer 60 is sucked by a circulation fan 68, separated into dust by a cyclone 66 and a bag filter 67, and then burned in a reburning furnace 71 through a circulation gas heat exchanger 69 to decompose and remove bad odors. The exhaust gas thermally decomposed in the reburning furnace 71 is discharged from the smoke stack 75 to the atmosphere via the circulating gas heat exchanger 69 and the exhaust gas heat exchanger 72.

(3) Waste wood Waste from construction, such as sawdust, scraps, and houses, thinnings caused by felling during afforestation, and fallen wood caused by strong winds are generated in large quantities throughout the year. When carbonizing these woody wastes, a continuous carbonization apparatus is applied.

  The wood to be carbonized is crushed to a size that can be charged into a carbonization apparatus, and pretreated by a pulverizer.

  FIG. 10 shows the flow of the continuous carbonization apparatus.

  As shown in the figure, the continuous carbonization apparatus is configured to include a dryer 83 so that it can be applied to wood whose moisture content exceeds 50%, such as thinned wood, and the wood pulverized by the pulverizer 80. Is supplied to the dryer 83 from the raw material input screw 82 through the receiving hopper 81, and is dried by the dryer 83 as necessary, and then continuously from the dry raw material input screw 85 through the conveyor 84. It is put into 86 and carbonized.

  The carbonization furnace 86 is a self-combustion type carbonization device that uses the self-combustion heat of wood. The carbonized high-temperature carbide is cooled by a water-cooled jacket-type cooling conveyor 87 and passes through a bucket conveyor 88 to a charcoal storage tank 89. To be discharged.

  Here, a paddle type stirring device 90 for moving wood as a carbonization raw material while stirring is disposed in the lower part of the carbonization furnace 86.

  The wood introduced into the carbonization furnace 86 is supplied with a small amount of air that can maintain combustion from the primary air fan 91 below the carbonization furnace 86 and is ignited by the ignition burner 92.

  Therefore, the wood moves toward the carbide outlet 86a while causing a thermal decomposition reaction uniformly by the stirring device 90.

  On the other hand, the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis is completely burned by excess air from the secondary air fan 93 arranged in the carbonization furnace 86. At this time, the atmospheric temperature in the carbonization furnace 86 reaches about 900 ° C., and the radiant heat promotes the drying and carbonization reaction of the wood in the lower part of the carbonization furnace 86. In this way, the generated gas is instantaneously burned to prevent adverse effects due to tar, organic acid, and the like.

  Therefore, it is possible to easily set the carbonization conditions of wood by adjusting the rotation speed of the agitator 90, the feed rate of the raw material, the amount of combustion air, etc. And can be adjusted to a carbonized state corresponding to the application.

  Further, the hot air generating furnace 97 supplies kerosene to the kerosene tank 94, generates hot air by sending this kerosene from the pump 95 to the burner 96, and sends hot air to the dryer 83.

  Furthermore, in this continuous carbonization apparatus, waste heat generated when carbonizing wood in the carbonization furnace 86 is sent to the dryer 83 through the hot air generation furnace 97 to be effectively used as a heat source for drying. Yes.

  Exhaust air from the dryer 83 is sucked by the attracting fan 100, dust separated by the cyclone 98 and the bag filter 99, and then ventilated.

(Iii) About spraying of pulverized coal in a combustion furnace Next, the carbide | carbonized_material carbide | carbonized_material produced | generated by the fixed process of an inorganic and organic waste is injected in a combustion furnace by the pulverized coal spraying apparatus C. FIG. That is, such pulverized carbide is sprayed as fuel in a boiler as a heat source for generating steam, for example, a boiler in a thermal power plant, by a pulverized coal spraying device C, and inorganic and organic waste are finally effectively used as fuel. It will be recycled.

  Here, the pulverized coal spraying apparatus C will be described.

  The pulverized coal spraying device C is connected to the lower discharge port of the storage hopper 34 connected to the bag filter 33. That is, the finely divided carbide formed in the carbide by the carbonization chamber a2 in the previous step and then finely divided is finely divided carbide that can be used as fuel by selecting the fine foreign matters in the finely divided carbide or the finely divided carbide by the bag filter 33. This is put into a storage hopper 34 disposed below, where a certain amount of finely divided carbide is stored and used appropriately.

  The stored pulverized carbide is supplied to a combustion furnace such as a boiler or a blast furnace by the pulverized coal spraying apparatus C as follows.

  The pulverized coal spraying apparatus C blows and supplies the pulverized carbide once stored in the storage hopper 34 from the coal feed pipe 35 below the storage hopper 34 through the pulverized coal supply path 47 into the combustion furnace 50. It is configured.

  In the middle of the coal feeding pipe 35, a crushing device 37, a bag filter 33 'and an intermediate tank 38 are interposed.

  Here, the pulverizing device 37 has a function for making fine powder carbide into fine particles. That is, fine powder carbide is supplied between the pressing rollers 39 and 39 to obtain a particle size of 74 μm or less, and the fine powder carbide is pulverized and dried by hot air recirculated from the combustion furnace 50 to improve coal feeding efficiency. In the figure, 51 indicates a hot air path from the combustion path 50.

  A bag filter 33 ′ for separating gas and pulverized carbide is provided at the lower side of the pulverizer 37, and the pulverized carbide separated from the gas is stored in the intermediate tank 38 and is passed through the pulverized coal supply path 47. It is injected from the nozzle 36 into the combustion furnace 50.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the tip nozzle 36 has an inner tube 36a, an outer tube 36b, and an outermost peripheral tube 36c concentrically stacked, and a diffusion air passage for blowing air for charcoal diffusion in the inner tube 36a. 45, and the diffusion air passage 45 has a tapered surface that gradually expands toward the tip, and is used to feed fine powder carbide between the outer periphery of the inner tube 36a and the inner periphery of the outer tube 36b. A charcoal supply air passage 46 is formed, and a pulverized coal supply passage 47 for supplying pulverized carbide is formed between the outer pipe 36b and the outermost peripheral pipe 36c. Therefore, when pulverized carbide is sent from the pulverized coal supply path 47 between the outer pipe 36b and the outermost pipe 36c, the charcoal hole 40 is formed in the peripheral surface of the outer pipe 36b. The fine carbide is sent to the supply air passage 46, and the fine air is blown from the tip of the air passage 46 by the air supplied to the charcoal supply air passage 46, and the air blown from the inner pipe 36a is opened at the front end. The pulverized coal around the gas supplied from the charcoal supply air passage 46 is sprayed in a sprayed state while diffusing widely.

  Note that the pulverized coal supply passage 47 for supplying the pulverized carbide to the tip nozzle 36 is connected to the T-type acceleration pipe 53 connected to the blower 52. Therefore, if the pulverized carbide is supplied from the T-shaped portion of the T-type acceleration pipe 53, The pulverized coal is sent to the tip nozzle 36 through the pulverized coal supply path 47 located in the tip direction of the T-type acceleration pipe 53 by the injection effect by the blower 52.

  By using the pulverized coal spraying apparatus C configured as described above, fine powder carbide is injected as fuel into a boiler in a thermal power plant, and is completely burned as a heat source for generating steam for thermal power generation.

  When it is used as a heat source in an actual thermal power plant, it is mixed with coal, and about 1 to 2% of carbide is mixed with the coal to make fuel.

  The properties of the carbide when sprayed on the boiler are adjusted to correspond to the properties of the coal.

  Production of pulverized coal from waste generated in a large amount as described above is not accompanied by any difficulty in manufacturing technology, but the problem is a method for treating pulverized coal generated in large amounts. Already used as a prior art pulverized coal for water purification technology, used for deodorization technology, mixed with other materials and used as an extender, or partially mixed with other fuels and consumed as fuel supplement There are ways to do it. However, since these applications are technically different, the technology used for each application must be established, and a large amount of pulverized coal could not be consumed uniformly by almost the same technology. A series of techniques from the consumption of pulverized coal as a product to the consumption of the product has not been established. The embodiment of the present invention provides a series of pulverized coal treatment technologies ranging from the pulverized coal production technology to the pulverized coal consumption technology. By generating a large amount of pulverized coal from waste and organic waste and using it as an auxiliary fuel for boilers in thermal power plants, even a large amount of pulverized coal can be consumed effectively and contribute to waste recycling It is. The above-described technology is provided as an embodiment consistent with the technology from such a series of pulverized coal production to consumption. That is, the above-described technique is provided as a technique for generating pulverized coal having the optimum properties for a boiler of a thermal power plant from waste.

The whole top view of the raw coal manufacturing apparatus used for the fueling method of the shredder dust of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the entire right side of the raw carbon manufacturing apparatus. Sectional drawing in the II-II line of FIG. Explanatory drawing of the crushing magnetic separator which followed the raw carbon production apparatus. Schematic explanatory drawing of the pulverized coal spraying apparatus used for the fuel combustion method of the present invention. Sectional drawing of the front-end | tip nozzle part of the same pulverized coal spraying apparatus. Sectional drawing in the II line | wire of FIG. The partially cutaway side view of an internal combustion type rotary kiln. Explanatory drawing which shows the carbonization process of sewage sludge. Explanatory drawing which shows the flow of a continuous carbonization apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

C pulverized coal spraying device
a1 Spare room for loading
a2 Carbonization chamber
a3 Unloading spare room
29 Carbide
29a Fine carbide
34 Storage hopper
50 Combustion furnace

Claims (5)

A method for carbonizing waste, wherein the waste is heat-treated at about 300 to 800 ° C. in a carbonization chamber and then subjected to low-temperature carbonization in the carbonization chamber. 2. The waste carbonization method according to claim 1, wherein spare chambers for preventing explosion in the carbonization chamber are provided before and after the carbonization chamber. 3. The carbonization method for waste according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization chamber comprises three chambers, and the carbide carbonized by combustion is naturally cooled in the last carbonization chamber. The carbide is pulverized and stored in a storage hopper, and then sprayed as a fuel into a boiler as a heat source for generating steam by using a pulverized coal spraying device connected to the hopper. The utilization method of the carbide | carbonized_material manufactured by the carbonization method of Claim 3. The boiler as a heat source for generating water vapor is a boiler in a thermal power plant, and uses the carbide according to claim 4.

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