JP2005300027A

JP2005300027A - Air conditioner

Info

Publication number: JP2005300027A
Application number: JP2004117500A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Hideji Sugawara; 秀治菅原
Original assignee: Fujitsu General Ltd
Current assignee: Fujitsu General Ltd
Priority date: 2004-04-13
Filing date: 2004-04-13
Publication date: 2005-10-27

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce defrosting time, by calculating time until defrosting operation (or heating operation) is started for both of compressor non-stop and stop systems for comparison, and by selecting faster control algorithm. <P>SOLUTION: An air conditioner composes a refrigeration cycle for successively communicating with a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, an indoor heat exchanger 3, a capillary tube 4, and an outdoor heat exchanger 5, and has a control means 11 for starting defrosting operation (or heating operation) by determining defrosting operation conditions (or defrosting ending conditions). The defrosting control unit of the air conditioner comprises a determination section for determining defrosting operation conditions (or defrosting ending conditions) in the control means; a computation section for calculating time until defrosting is started (or heating returns) from the operating frequency, or the like of the compressor at that time for both of compressor stop and non-stop systems; and a comparison section for switching to defrosting operation (or heating operation) in a shorter system by comparing the computation result. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は空気調和機の除霜制御装置および制御方法に係わり、とくに、リバース運転除霜において、除霜開始及び終了時の四方弁の切換音を低減すると共に、暖房運転停止時間を短縮して快適な調和環境を得ることのできる除霜制御装置及び制御方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an air conditioner defrosting control device and control method, and in particular, in reverse operation defrosting, the switching sound of the four-way valve at the start and end of defrosting is reduced and the heating operation stop time is shortened. The present invention relates to a defrosting control device and a control method capable of obtaining a comfortable harmonious environment.

従来は、例えば特許文献１に開示されているように、冷房及び暖房運転の際、室内及び室外熱交換機に付着された温度センサーにより除霜信号が感知されれば、タイマーで所定時間をカウントする段階と、前記除霜信号を感知された後、所定時間が経過すれば、インバーターに低周波数を出力させることにより、圧縮機が低速に運転されるようにし、タイマーを増加カウントする段階と、前記圧縮機が低速に運転された後、所定時間が経過すれば除霜運転に切換する段階と、前記除霜運転後、所定時間が経過すればインバーターが低周波数を出力することにより、圧縮機が低速に運転されるようにし、タイマーを増加カウントする段階と、前記圧縮機が低速に運転された後、所定時間が経過すれば冷房及び暖房運転にて切換える段階で構成されたことを特徴とする空気調和機の圧縮機制御方法がある。 Conventionally, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, if a defrost signal is detected by a temperature sensor attached to an indoor or outdoor heat exchanger during cooling and heating operation, a predetermined time is counted by a timer. And, when a predetermined time elapses after the defrost signal is sensed, causing the inverter to output a low frequency so that the compressor is operated at a low speed, and a timer is incremented, and After the compressor is operated at a low speed, when the predetermined time elapses, the stage is switched to the defrosting operation, and after the defrosting operation, the inverter outputs a low frequency when the predetermined time elapses. It is composed of a step of increasing the timer so that it is operated at a low speed, and a step of switching between cooling and heating operation when a predetermined time elapses after the compressor is operated at a low speed. There is a compressor control method of an air conditioner, characterized in that the.

また、例えば特許文献２に開示されているように、室外機の着霜時、制御部８により圧縮機１の運転を停止し、室外ファン７を停止し、所要時間経過後、四方弁２を除霜に切り換え、圧縮機の運転を開始する。高温高圧に圧縮された冷媒は室外熱交換器６に流入し除霜する。室外熱交換器で冷えた冷媒はキャピラリチューブ５で減圧され、室内熱交換器３、四方弁を経て圧縮機に戻る。除霜終了にて圧縮機の運転を停止し、同時に室外ファンを回転し、室外熱交換器を冷却して冷媒の圧力を下げ、高圧側と低圧側の圧力差を急速に低下させ、所定時間経過の後、四方弁を暖房に切り換え、圧縮機の運転を再開する空気調和機の除霜制御装置がある。 For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, when the outdoor unit is frosted, the control unit 8 stops the operation of the compressor 1, stops the outdoor fan 7, and after the required time has elapsed, the four-way valve 2 is turned on. Switch to defrosting and start compressor operation. The refrigerant compressed to high temperature and high pressure flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and defrosts. The refrigerant cooled by the outdoor heat exchanger is depressurized by the capillary tube 5 and returns to the compressor through the indoor heat exchanger 3 and the four-way valve. At the end of defrosting, the compressor is stopped, and at the same time, the outdoor fan is rotated, the outdoor heat exchanger is cooled to lower the refrigerant pressure, and the pressure difference between the high pressure side and the low pressure side is rapidly reduced for a predetermined time. There is a defrost control device for an air conditioner that switches the four-way valve to heating after the lapse of time and restarts the operation of the compressor.

リバース除霜を行う場合、上記特許文献１に開示されている技術は、除霜開始前と暖房復帰前とで圧縮機の回転数を下げることにより圧縮機の吐出圧力と吸入圧力の差を小さくし、特許文献２に開示されている技術は除霜開始前と暖房復帰前とで圧縮機の運転を停止することにより圧縮機の吐出圧力と吸入圧力の差を小さくするものであり、いずれも四方弁を切り換えても室内機への冷媒流入音が生じないようにしたものである。
上記いずれの方法であっても、暖房運転を停止して除霜運転を行うため、使用者に不快感を与えるため、暖房運転を停止してから暖房運転に復帰するまでの時間をできる限り短くするように制御される。
しかし、上記２つの方法においては、圧縮機の回転数、同回転数の増加率、及び低下率等に関係なく、同じ方法で四方弁を切換えて除霜運転を開始し、暖房運転に復帰するため、リバース除霜を行う場合の暖房運転を停止してから暖房運転に復帰するまでの時間をこれ以上短縮できないという問題がある。 When reverse defrosting is performed, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 reduces the difference between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor by lowering the rotation speed of the compressor before the start of defrosting and before the return to heating. The technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 reduces the difference between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor by stopping the operation of the compressor before the start of defrosting and before the return to heating. This prevents the sound of refrigerant flowing into the indoor unit from being generated even when the four-way valve is switched.
In any of the above methods, since the heating operation is stopped and the defrosting operation is performed, the user feels uncomfortable, so the time until the heating operation is stopped after the heating operation is stopped is as short as possible. To be controlled.
However, in the above two methods, the defrosting operation is started by switching the four-way valve by the same method, regardless of the rotation speed of the compressor, the increase rate and the decrease rate of the rotation speed, and the heating operation is restored. Therefore, there is a problem that the time from when the heating operation in the case of performing reverse defrosting is stopped to when returning to the heating operation cannot be further shortened.

特開平０５−３４６２５６号公報（第２−４頁、第５図）JP 05-346256 A (page 2-4, FIG. 5) 特開平０７−１７４４４１号公報（第２−３頁、第１図）JP 07-174441 A (page 2-3, FIG. 1)

本発明は上記問題点に鑑み、リバース除霜を行うに当たって、暖房運転を停止して除霜運転を開始するまでの時間と、除霜運転を終了して暖房運転に復帰するまでの時間を、圧縮機を停止しない場合と停止した場合の双方について算出し、何れか早い方の制御方法を選択することにより、リバース除霜時間を短縮して使用者に不快感を与えないようにすることを目的とする。 In view of the above problems, the present invention, when performing reverse defrosting, the time from stopping the heating operation and starting the defrosting operation, and the time from ending the defrosting operation to returning to the heating operation, By calculating for both when the compressor is not stopped and when it is stopped, the reverse defrosting time can be shortened so as not to cause discomfort to the user by selecting the earlier control method. Objective.

本発明は上記課題を解決するため、圧縮機，流路切換手段，室外側熱交換器，減圧手段及び室内側熱交換器を接続して冷凍サイクルを構成するとともに、リバース運転による除霜機能を備えてなり、制御手段によってリバース運転の際、前記圧縮機を停止させて前記流路切換手段を切換える圧縮機ストップ方式と、前記圧縮機の回転数を所定回転数まで低下させ前記流路切換手段を切換える圧縮機ノンストップ方式とを併用できる構成となっている。又、前記制御手段は、暖房運転時に除霜運転が必要と判断された際、前記圧縮機を停止させ、前後に所定時間をおいて前記流路切換手段を切換え、再び前記圧縮機を起動させ除霜運転を開始する圧縮機ストップ方式における、前記圧縮機の停止から同圧縮機が起動して所定回転数に達するまでの切換時間と、前記圧縮機回転数を所定回転数まで低下させ、同所定回転数を所定時間維持して前記流路切換手段を切換え、前記圧縮機回転数を再び増加させて除霜運転を行う圧縮機ノンストップ方式における、所定回転数まで低下させるのに要する時間と、所定回転数を維持する所定時間との和となる切換時間とを夫々比較し、いずれか短い切換時間による方式での除霜運転を選択する構成となっている。又、前記制御手段は、除霜運転終了と判断すると、前記圧縮機を停止させ、前後に所定時間をおいて前記流路切換手段を切換え、再び前記圧縮機を起動させ暖房運転を再開する圧縮機ストップ方式における、前記圧縮機の停止から同圧縮機が所定回転数に達するまでの切換時間と、前記圧縮機回転数を所定回転数まで低下させ、同所定回転数を所定時間維持して前記流路切換手段を切換え、前記圧縮機回転数を再び増加させて暖房運転を再開するノンストップ方式における、所定回転数まで低下させるのに要する時間と、所定回転数を維持する所定時間との和となる切換時間とを夫々比較し、いずれか短い切換時間による方式で暖房運転を再開する構成となっている。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention connects a compressor, a flow path switching unit, an outdoor heat exchanger, a decompression unit, and an indoor heat exchanger to constitute a refrigeration cycle, and has a defrosting function by reverse operation. A compressor stop system for stopping the compressor and switching the flow path switching means during reverse operation by the control means, and reducing the rotational speed of the compressor to a predetermined rotational speed and the flow path switching means. The compressor can be used in combination with a non-stop compressor. In addition, when it is determined that the defrosting operation is necessary during the heating operation, the control unit stops the compressor, switches the flow path switching unit at a predetermined time before and after, and starts the compressor again. In the compressor stop method in which the defrosting operation is started, the switching time from when the compressor is stopped until the compressor is started and reaches a predetermined rotational speed, and the compressor rotational speed is reduced to a predetermined rotational speed. In the compressor non-stop method in which the defrosting operation is performed by switching the flow path switching means while maintaining the predetermined rotation speed for a predetermined time, and increasing the compressor rotation speed again, and the time required to decrease to the predetermined rotation speed The switching time that is the sum of the predetermined time for maintaining the predetermined rotational speed is compared with each other, and the defrosting operation is selected by the method using the shorter switching time. Further, when the control means determines that the defrosting operation is completed, the compressor is stopped, the flow switching means is switched after a predetermined time before and after, the compressor is started again, and the heating operation is restarted. In the machine stop method, the switching time from the stop of the compressor until the compressor reaches a predetermined rotation speed, the compressor rotation speed is reduced to a predetermined rotation speed, and the predetermined rotation speed is maintained for a predetermined time, In the non-stop method of switching the flow path switching means and restarting the heating operation by increasing the compressor rotational speed again, the sum of the time required to decrease to the predetermined rotational speed and the predetermined time for maintaining the predetermined rotational speed The switching operation time is compared with each other, and the heating operation is restarted by the method using the shorter switching time.

本発明によると前記制御手段に除霜運転条件または除霜運転終了条件に達したと判断する判断部と、同判断部が判断した時の圧縮機の回転数を検出し、同回転数と、予め決められた圧縮機の増加率及び低下率とから、圧縮機を停止して四方弁を切換える圧縮機ストップ方式で除霜運転または暖房運転に切換えた場合及び、圧縮機の回転を所定の回転数まで下げて四方弁を切換える圧縮機ノンストップ方式で除霜運転または暖房運転に切換えた場合の除霜開始までの時間または暖房開始までの時間をそれぞれ算出する演算部と、同演算部の演算結果を比較する比較部とを設け、除霜運転条件に達したと判断すると、その時の圧縮機の回転数を検出し、同回転数と、予め決められた圧縮機の増加率及び低下率とから、圧縮機を停止して四方弁を切換える圧縮機ストップ方式で除霜運転に切換えた場合及び、圧縮機の回転数を所定の回転まで下げて四方弁を切換える圧縮機ノンストップ方式で除霜運転に切換えた場合の除霜開始までの時間をそれぞれ算出し、何れか短い時間となる方式にて除霜運転に切換えるように制御し、前記制御手段が除霜終了条件に達したと判断すると、その時の圧縮機の回転数を検出し、同回転数と、予め決められた圧縮機の増加率及び低下率とから、圧縮機を停止して四方弁を切換える圧縮機ストップ方式で暖房運転に切換えた場合及び、圧縮機の回転数を所定の回転まで下げて四方弁を切換える圧縮機ノンストップ方式で暖房運転に切換えた場合の暖房開始までの時間をそれぞれ算出し、何れか短い時間となる方式にて暖房運転に切換えて暖房復帰させるように制御するので、暖房運転を停止して除霜運転を開始するまでの時間と、除霜運転を終了して暖房運転に復帰するまでの時間を、圧縮機を停止しない場合と停止した場合の双方について算出し、何れか早い方の制御アルゴリズムを選択することにより、リバース除霜時間を短縮して使用者に不快感を与えないようにすることことができる。 According to the present invention, the control unit determines that the defrosting operation condition or the defrosting operation end condition has been reached, and detects the rotation speed of the compressor when the determination unit determines, When the compressor is stopped and the four-way valve is switched to the defrosting operation or heating operation based on the predetermined rate of increase and decrease of the compressor, and when the compressor is rotated to the specified rotation A calculation unit that calculates the time until the start of defrosting or the time until the start of heating when switching to the defrosting operation or heating operation by the compressor non-stop method that switches the four-way valve by lowering to the number, and the calculation of the same operation unit A comparison unit for comparing the results is provided, and when it is determined that the defrosting operation condition has been reached, the number of rotations of the compressor at that time is detected, and the rate of increase and decrease of the compressor determined in advance are Then stop the compressor and turn off the four-way valve. When switching to defrosting operation using the compressor stop method, and when switching to defrosting operation using the compressor nonstop method that switches the four-way valve by lowering the rotation speed of the compressor to the predetermined rotation Each time is calculated and controlled so as to switch to the defrosting operation in a method that is shorter, and when the control means determines that the defrosting end condition has been reached, the rotation speed of the compressor at that time is detected. When the compressor is stopped and the heater is switched to the heating operation by switching the four-way valve from the same number of rotations and a predetermined increase rate and decrease rate of the compressor, and the rotation speed of the compressor Calculate the time to start heating when switching to heating operation with the compressor non-stop method that switches the four-way valve by lowering to a predetermined rotation, and switch to heating operation and return to heating with the method that becomes shorter Yo Therefore, the time until the heating operation is stopped and the defrosting operation is started, and the time until the defrosting operation is ended and the heating operation is returned to the case where the compressor is not stopped and the case where the compressor is stopped. By calculating for both and selecting the earlier control algorithm, it is possible to shorten the reverse defrosting time so as not to cause discomfort to the user.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を、添付図面に基づいた実施例として詳細に説明する。 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail as examples based on the attached drawings.

図１は本発明による空気調和機の除霜制御装置の第１の実施例を示す冷媒回路図である。
図１において、１は圧縮機、２は四方弁、３は室内熱交換器、４はキャプラリチューブ、５は室外熱交換器、６は室内ファン、７は室外ファン、８は室内温度検出器、８’は室内熱交換器温度検出器、９は室外熱交換器温度検出器、１０は圧縮機の回転数検出器、１１は制御手段である。
前記制御手段１１には除霜運転条件または除霜運転終了条件に達したと判断する判断部と、同判断部が判断した時の圧縮機の回転数を検出し、同回転数と、予め決められた圧縮機の増加率及び低下率とから、圧縮機を停止して四方弁を切換える圧縮機ストップ方式で除霜運転または暖房運転に切換えた場合及び、圧縮機の回転を所定の回転数まで下げて四方弁を切換える圧縮機ノンストップ方式で除霜運転または暖房運転に切換えた場合の除霜開始までの時間または暖房開始までの時間をそれぞれ算出する演算部と、同演算部の演算結果を比較する比較部とを備えている。
そして、暖房運転時、圧縮機１で高温高圧に圧縮された冷媒は、制御手段１１からの信号で「暖房」側に切り換えられた四方弁２を経て実線の矢印の如く室内熱交換器３に送られ、同室内熱交換器３により、前記制御手段１１からの信号に基づいて回転する室内ファン６により室内から吸入された空気と熱交換を行い、この熱交換で冷却された冷媒はキャピラリチューブ４により減圧され、気化して室外熱交換器５に入り、前記制御手段１１からの信号で回転する室外ファン７の送風により前記室外熱交換器５で室外の空気と熱交換を行い、前記四方弁２を通り、前記圧縮機１の吸込側に戻る経路で循環する。 FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of a defrosting control device for an air conditioner according to the present invention.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve, 3 is an indoor heat exchanger, 4 is a capillary tube, 5 is an outdoor heat exchanger, 6 is an indoor fan, 7 is an outdoor fan, and 8 is an indoor temperature detector. , 8 'are indoor heat exchanger temperature detectors, 9 is an outdoor heat exchanger temperature detector, 10 is a compressor rotational speed detector, and 11 is a control means.
The control means 11 detects a defrosting operation condition or a defrosting operation end condition, and detects the rotation speed of the compressor when the determination section determines, and determines the rotation speed in advance. When the compressor is switched to defrosting operation or heating operation by the compressor stop method that stops the compressor and switches the four-way valve from the increase rate and the decrease rate of the compressor that has been received, and the compressor rotation to a predetermined number of rotations The calculation unit that calculates the time until the start of defrosting or the time until the start of heating when switching to the defrosting operation or heating operation with the compressor non-stop method that switches the four-way valve by lowering, and the calculation result of the same operation unit A comparison unit for comparison.
During the heating operation, the refrigerant compressed to high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 1 passes through the four-way valve 2 switched to the “heating” side by a signal from the control means 11 and enters the indoor heat exchanger 3 as indicated by the solid line arrow. The indoor heat exchanger 3 exchanges heat with the air sucked from the room by the indoor fan 6 that rotates based on the signal from the control means 11, and the refrigerant cooled by this heat exchange is the capillary tube. 4 is depressurized, vaporized and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 5, and the outdoor heat exchanger 5 performs heat exchange with the outdoor air by the blowing of the outdoor fan 7 rotated by a signal from the control means 11. It circulates in a path that passes through the valve 2 and returns to the suction side of the compressor 1.

除霜（リバース除霜）運転時、圧縮機１からの高温高圧の冷媒は、制御手段１１からの信号で「冷房」側に切り換えられた四方弁２を経て点線の矢印の如く室外熱交換器５に送られ、同室外熱交換器５に付着した霜を溶かして除霜する。
そして、室外熱交換器５で熱交換により冷却された冷媒はキャピラリチューブ４で減圧され、室内熱交換器３および四方弁２を経て圧縮機１の吸込側に戻る。 At the time of defrosting (reverse defrosting) operation, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 1 passes through the four-way valve 2 switched to the “cooling” side by a signal from the control means 11 and is an outdoor heat exchanger as indicated by a dotted line arrow. 5 is melted and defrosted by adhering to the outdoor heat exchanger 5.
The refrigerant cooled by heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is depressurized in the capillary tube 4 and returns to the suction side of the compressor 1 through the indoor heat exchanger 3 and the four-way valve 2.

次に、暖房運転から除霜運転への切換え、及び除霜運転から暖房運転への切換え動作を説明する。
図２は本発明による空気調和機の除霜制御方法の第１の実施例の一部に使用される圧縮機ストップ方式を示すタイミングチャート、図３は同圧縮機ノンストップ方式を示すタイミングチャートである。
まず、圧縮機ストップ方式の動作を説明する。
圧縮機ストップ方式の場合は、制御手段１１が、例えば、圧縮機１の積算暖房運転時間、室内熱交換器温度検出器８’の検出する室内熱交換器の温度と室内温度検出器８の検出する室内温度との差等に基づいて除霜運転条件に達したと判断すると、図２に示すように、まず、圧縮機１の運転を一旦停止し、室外ファン７の回転を停止する。
そして、２０秒経過後、四方弁２を「冷房（除霜）」側に切り換え、さらに5 秒経過後、圧縮機１を運転開始に制御して除霜運転を開始する。
この時、圧縮機１の回転数が低回転の時は除霜能力がないため、圧縮機１を停止してから、運転を再開して回転数が５５ｒｐｓに達するまでを除霜開始までの時間Ｔｘｓとしている。
この除霜開始までの時間Ｔｘｓは、例えば、圧縮機１の回転数の増加率を１秒間に１ｒｐｓ（但し、起動から１０ｒｐｓまでは５秒間）とすると、
Ｔｘｓ＝２０秒＋５秒＋５秒＋（５５−１０）秒＝75秒・・・・・・・・式１
として算出される。 Next, switching from heating operation to defrosting operation and switching operation from defrosting operation to heating operation will be described.
FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing a compressor stop system used in a part of the first embodiment of the defrosting control method for an air conditioner according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing the compressor non-stop system. is there.
First, the operation of the compressor stop method will be described.
In the case of the compressor stop method, for example, the control means 11 detects the integrated heating operation time of the compressor 1, the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger detected by the indoor heat exchanger temperature detector 8 ′, and the detection of the indoor temperature detector 8. If it is determined that the defrosting operation condition has been reached based on the difference from the indoor temperature, etc., as shown in FIG. 2, first, the operation of the compressor 1 is temporarily stopped and the rotation of the outdoor fan 7 is stopped.
Then, after the elapse of 20 seconds, the four-way valve 2 is switched to the “cooling (defrosting)” side, and after the elapse of 5 seconds, the compressor 1 is controlled to start operation and the defrosting operation is started.
At this time, since there is no defrosting capability when the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is low, the time from when the compressor 1 is stopped until the rotation speed reaches 55 rps until the rotation speed reaches 55 rps. Txs.
The time Txs until the start of defrosting is, for example, when the rate of increase in the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is 1 rps per second (however, 5 seconds from the start to 10 rps)
Txs = 20 seconds + 5 seconds + 5 seconds + (55−10) seconds = 75 seconds.
Is calculated as

除霜運転中、制御手段１１が、例えば、室外熱交換器の温度検出器９の温度を検出して除霜終了であると判断すると、圧縮機１の運転を停止し、同時に、室外ファン７に信号を送り、室外熱交換器５への送風を開始する。
この送風により室外熱交換器５の温度は急速に低下し、これにより、室外熱交換器５内に滞留していた高圧の冷媒が凝縮し、圧力が低下する。
この冷媒の圧力低下に要する時間として設定された時間２０秒が経過したとき、制御手段１１から信号出力し、四方弁２を「暖房」側に切り換え、さらに５秒経過後、圧縮機１の運転を開始して暖房運転を再開する。
この時、圧縮機１の回転数が低回転の時は暖房能力がないため、圧縮機１を停止してから、運転を再開して回転数が５０ｒｐｓに達するまでを暖房復帰までの時間Ｔｙｓとしている。
この暖房開始までの時間Ｔｙｓは、例えば、圧縮機１の回転数の増加率を１秒／ｒｐｓ（但し、起動から１０ｒｐｓまでは５秒）とすると、
Ｔｙｓ＝２０秒＋５秒＋５秒＋（５０−１０）秒＝７０秒・・・・・・・式２
として算出される。 During the defrosting operation, for example, when the control means 11 detects the temperature of the temperature detector 9 of the outdoor heat exchanger and determines that the defrosting is completed, the operation of the compressor 1 is stopped, and at the same time, the outdoor fan 7 Is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 5 to start blowing air.
Due to this blowing, the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 rapidly decreases, whereby the high-pressure refrigerant staying in the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is condensed and the pressure is reduced.
When 20 seconds set as the time required for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant have elapsed, a signal is output from the control means 11, the four-way valve 2 is switched to the “heating” side, and after 5 seconds have elapsed, the compressor 1 is operated. To resume heating operation.
At this time, since there is no heating capacity when the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is low, the time Tys from when the compressor 1 is stopped until the rotation speed reaches 50 rps until the rotation speed reaches 50 rps is set as Time Tys. Yes.
The time Tys until the start of heating is, for example, when the rate of increase in the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is 1 second / rps (however, 5 seconds from the start to 10 rps)
Tys = 20 seconds + 5 seconds + 5 seconds + (50-10) seconds = 70 seconds... Equation 2
Is calculated as

つぎに、圧縮機ノンストップ方式の動作を説明する。
圧縮機ノンストップ方式の場合は、制御手段１１が、例えば、圧縮機１の積算暖房運転時間、室内熱交換器温度検出器８’の検出する室内熱交換器の温度と室内温度検出器８の検出する室内温度との差等に基づいて除霜運転条件に達したと判断すると、図３に示すように、まず、圧縮機１の回転数を例えば、５５ｒｐｓまで下げて、室外ファン７の回転を停止し、四方弁２を「冷房（除霜）」側に切り換え、室内機への振動の伝搬あるいは騒音の発生を防止するマスク時間として、約１０秒運転した後、圧縮機１の回転数を増加させるように制御して除霜運転を開始する。
この場合の除霜開始までの時間Ｔｘｎｓは、例えば、除霜運転条件に達したと判断した時の圧縮機１の回転数Ａｒｐｓ、圧縮機１の回転数の低下率を１秒／ｒｐｓとした場合、
Ｔｘｎｓ＝（Ａ−５５）秒＋１０秒・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・式３
として算出される。 Next, the operation of the compressor non-stop system will be described.
In the case of the compressor non-stop system, the control means 11 includes, for example, the integrated heating operation time of the compressor 1, the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger detected by the indoor heat exchanger temperature detector 8 ′, and the temperature of the indoor temperature detector 8. If it is determined that the defrosting operation condition has been reached based on the difference from the detected indoor temperature or the like, first, as shown in FIG. 3, the rotational speed of the outdoor fan 7 is reduced by reducing the rotational speed of the compressor 1 to, for example, 55 rps. , The four-way valve 2 is switched to the “cooling (defrosting)” side, and after operating for about 10 seconds as a mask time for preventing the propagation of vibration to the indoor unit or the generation of noise, the rotational speed of the compressor 1 Is controlled to increase the defrosting operation.
In this case, the time Txns until the start of defrosting is, for example, the rotational speed Arps of the compressor 1 when it is determined that the defrosting operation condition has been reached, and the rate of decrease in the rotational speed of the compressor 1 is 1 second / rps. If
Txns = (A-55) seconds + 10 seconds ...
Is calculated as

除霜運転中、制御手段１１が、例えば、室外熱交換器の温度検出器９の温度を検出して除霜終了条件に達していると判断すると、圧縮機１の回転数を下げるように制御すると同時に、室外ファン７に信号を送り、室外熱交換器５への送風を開始する。
この送風により室外熱交換器５の温度は急速に低下し、これにより、室外熱交換器５内に滞留していた高圧の冷媒が凝縮し、圧力が低下する。
圧縮機１の回転数が例えば、５０ｒｐｓに達すると制御手段１１から信号出力し、四方弁２を「暖房」側に切り換え、さらに１０秒経過後、圧縮機１の運転を増加させて暖房運転を再開する。
この場合の暖房開始までの時間Ｔｙｎｓは、除霜終了条件に達していると判断した時の圧縮機１の回転数Ｂｒｐｓ、圧縮機１の回転数の低下率を１秒／ｒｐｓ、圧縮機１の回転数の増加率を１秒／ｒｐｓ（但し、起動から１０ｒｐｓまでは５秒）とすると、
Ｔｙｎｓ＝（Ｂ−５０）秒＋１０秒・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・式４
として算出される During the defrosting operation, for example, when the control means 11 detects the temperature of the temperature detector 9 of the outdoor heat exchanger and determines that the defrosting termination condition has been reached, the control means 11 controls to reduce the rotational speed of the compressor 1. At the same time, a signal is sent to the outdoor fan 7 to start blowing air to the outdoor heat exchanger 5.
Due to this blowing, the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 rapidly decreases, whereby the high-pressure refrigerant staying in the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is condensed and the pressure is reduced.
For example, when the rotational speed of the compressor 1 reaches 50 rps, a signal is output from the control means 11, the four-way valve 2 is switched to the “heating” side, and after 10 seconds, the operation of the compressor 1 is increased to perform the heating operation. Resume.
In this case, the time Tyns until the start of heating is the rotational speed Brps of the compressor 1 when it is determined that the defrosting termination condition has been reached, the rate of decrease in the rotational speed of the compressor 1 is 1 second / rps, and the compressor 1 If the rate of increase in the number of revolutions is 1 second / rps (however, 5 seconds from the start to 10 rps)
Tyns = (B−50) sec + 10 sec.
Calculated as

図４及び図５は空気調和機の除霜制御方法の第１の実施例を示す動作フローチャートである。
図４の動作フローチャートに示すように、上述した暖房運転中（ＳＴ１）に、制御手段１１の判断部が、例えば、圧縮機１の積算暖房運転時間、室内熱交換器温度検出器８’の検出する室内熱交換器の温度と室内温度検出器８の検出する室内温度との差等に基づいて除霜運転条件に達したかどうか判断（ＳＴ２）し、除霜運転条件に達しない場合は暖房運転を続行する。
前記ＳＴ２において、制御手段１１の判断部が除霜運転条件に達したと判断すると、上述した圧縮機ストップ方式で除霜運転に切換えるか、圧縮機ノンストプ方式で除霜運転に切換えるかを判断するため、制御手段１１の演算部は、まず、圧縮機１の回転数検出器１０により、その時の圧縮機１の回転数Ａｒｐｓを検出（ＳＴ３）し、同回転数Ａｒｐｓと、予め記憶された圧縮機の回転数の低下率及び増加率とから、前記圧縮機ストップ方式での除霜開始までの時間Ｔｘｓを前記式１から、及び圧縮機ノンストプ方式での除霜開始までの時間Ｔｘｎｓを前記式３からそれぞれ算出する（ＳＴ４）。
そして、制御手段１１の比較部において、前記ＳＴ４での算出結果の大小（Ｔｘｎｓ＜Ｔｘｓ？）が比較され（ＳＴ５）、圧縮機ストップ方式での除霜開始までの時間Ｔｘｓより圧縮機ノンストプ方式での除霜開始までの時間Ｔｘｎｓが短い場合は、圧縮機ノンストプ方式にて除霜運転に切換えて（ＳＴ６）、除霜運転を開始する（ＳＴ７）。
また、逆に、圧縮機ストップ方式での除霜開始までの時間Ｔｘｓより圧縮機ノンストプ方式での除霜開始までの時間Ｔｘｎｓが長い場合は、圧縮機ストプ方式にて除霜運転に切換えて（ＳＴ８）、除霜運転を開始する（ＳＴ７）。 4 and 5 are operation flowcharts showing a first embodiment of a defrosting control method for an air conditioner.
As shown in the operation flowchart of FIG. 4, during the heating operation described above (ST1), the determination unit of the control unit 11 detects, for example, the integrated heating operation time of the compressor 1 and the indoor heat exchanger temperature detector 8 ′. It is determined whether or not the defrosting operation condition has been reached based on the difference between the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger to be performed and the indoor temperature detected by the room temperature detector 8 (ST2). Continue driving.
In ST2, when the determination unit of the control means 11 determines that the defrosting operation condition has been reached, it is determined whether to switch to the defrosting operation by the compressor stop method described above or to switch to the defrosting operation by the compressor non-stop method. Therefore, the calculation unit of the control means 11 first detects the rotation speed Arps of the compressor 1 at that time by the rotation speed detector 10 of the compressor 1 (ST3), and the rotation speed Arps and the compression stored in advance. From the rate of decrease and increase in the number of rotations of the compressor, the time Txs until the start of defrosting in the compressor stop method is calculated from the above equation 1, and the time Txns until the start of defrosting in the compressor non-stop method is expressed as 3 from ST3 (ST4).
Then, the comparison unit of the control means 11 compares the magnitudes of the calculation results in ST4 (Txns <Txs?) (ST5), and the compressor non-stop method from the time Txs until the start of defrosting in the compressor stop method. When the time Txns until the start of the defrosting is short, the defrosting operation is switched by the compressor non-stop method (ST6), and the defrosting operation is started (ST7).
Conversely, if the time Txns until the start of defrosting with the compressor non-stop method is longer than the time Txs until the start of defrosting with the compressor stop method, switch to the defrosting operation with the compressor stop method ( ST8), defrosting operation is started (ST7).

ＳＴ７で除霜が開始されると、制御手段１１は外気温度、室外熱交換器５の温度等を参照して圧縮機１を最適な回転数で制御して除霜運転を行う（ＳＴ９）。
そして、除霜運転中に制御手段１１の判断部が、例えば、室外熱交換器の温度検出器９の検出する温度を参照して（ＳＴ１０）、除霜終了と判断すると、制御手段１１の演算部がその時の圧縮機１の回転数Ｂｒｐｓを圧縮機の回転数検出器１０により検出（ＳＴ１１は、回転数Ｂｒｐｓと、予め記憶された圧縮機の回転数の低下率及び増加率とから、前記圧縮機ストップ方式での暖房開始までの時間Ｔｙｓを前記式２から算出し、圧縮機ノンストプ方式での暖房開始までの時間Ｔｙｎｓを前記式４からそれぞれ算出する（ＳＴ１２）。
そして、制御手段１１の比較部において、前記ＳＴ１２での算出結果の大小（Ｔｙｎｓ＜Ｔｙｓ？）が比較され（ＳＴ１３）、圧縮機ストップ方式での暖房開始までの時間Ｔｙｓより圧縮機ノンストプ方式での暖房開始までの時間Ｔｙｎｓが短い場合は、圧縮機ノンストプ方式にて除霜運転に切換えて（ＳＴ１４）、暖房運転を開始する（ＳＴ１５）。
また、逆に、圧縮機ストップ方式での暖房開始までの時間Ｔｙｓより圧縮機ノンストプ方式での暖房開始までの時間Ｔｙｎｓが長い場合は、圧縮機ストプ方式にて暖房運転に切換えて（ＳＴ１６）、除霜運転を開始する（ＳＴ１５）。 When defrosting is started in ST7, the control means 11 refers to the outside air temperature, the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 and the like, and performs the defrosting operation by controlling the compressor 1 at the optimum rotational speed (ST9).
And if the judgment part of the control means 11 refers to the temperature which the temperature detector 9 of an outdoor heat exchanger detects, for example during the defrost operation and it judges that defrost is complete | finished, the calculation of the control means 11 will be carried out. Detects the rotational speed Brps of the compressor 1 at that time by the rotational speed detector 10 of the compressor (ST11 is based on the rotational speed Brps and the reduction rate and increase rate of the rotational speed of the compressor stored in advance, The time Tys until the start of heating in the compressor stop method is calculated from the equation 2, and the time Tyns until the start of heating in the compressor non-stop method is calculated from the equation 4 (ST12).
Then, the comparison unit of the control means 11 compares the magnitude of the calculation result in ST12 (Tyns <Tys?) (ST13), and from the time Tys until the start of heating in the compressor stop system, in the compressor non-stop system. When the time Tyns until the start of heating is short, the operation is switched to the defrosting operation by the compressor non-stop method (ST14), and the heating operation is started (ST15).
Conversely, if the time Tyns until the heating start in the compressor non-stop method is longer than the time Tys until the heating start in the compressor stop method, switch to the heating operation in the compressor stop method (ST16), The defrosting operation is started (ST15).

以上、本実施例においては、除霜条件に達したと判断した場合、及び除霜終了条件に達したと判断した場合、圧縮機の回転数を検出して、式１から式４を直接使用して圧縮機ストップ方式か圧縮機ノンストップ方式かを選択するようにしたが、後述するように、圧縮機の回転数からいずれの方式を選択すべきか判断することもできる。
式１と式３とを圧縮機ノンストップ方式にて除霜運転に切換える条件式
Ｔｘｎｓ＜Ｔｘｓ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・式５
に代入すると、
（Ａ−５５）秒＋１０秒＜７５秒・・・・・・・・・・・・・式６
よって、
Ａ＜１２０・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・式７
を得る。
よって、上記式７から、前記ＳＴ２において除霜条件に達したと判断し、ＳＴ３で圧縮機の回転数Ａｒｐｓを検出した後、ＳＴ４では圧縮機の回転数Ａｒｐｓが１２０ｒｐｓ以下の場合、圧縮機ノンストップ方式のＳＴ６に、また、圧縮機の回転数Ａｒｐｓが１２０ｒｐｓ以上の場合、圧縮機ストップ方式のＳＴ８に進むようにしてもよい。 As described above, in this embodiment, when it is determined that the defrost condition has been reached and when it is determined that the defrost end condition has been reached, the number of rotations of the compressor is detected, and Expressions 1 to 4 are used directly. Thus, the compressor stop method or the compressor non-stop method is selected. However, as will be described later, it is possible to determine which method should be selected from the rotational speed of the compressor.
Conditional expression to switch Formula 1 and Formula 3 to defrosting operation by compressor non-stop method Txns <Txs ...
Substituting into
(A-55) seconds + 10 seconds <75 seconds ..... Formula 6
Therefore,
A <120 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 7
Get.
Therefore, from Equation 7 above, it is determined that the defrosting condition has been reached in ST2, and after detecting the compressor speed Arps in ST3, in ST4, if the compressor speed Arps is 120 rps or less, the compressor non- If the rotation speed Arps of the compressor is 120 rps or more, the process may proceed to ST8 of the compressor stop system.

同様に、式２と式４とを圧縮機ノンストップ方式にて暖房運転に切換える条件式
Ｔｙｎｓ＜Ｔｙｓ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・式８
に代入すると、
（Ｂ−５０）秒＋１０秒＜７０秒・・・・・・・・・・・・・式９
よって、
Ｂ＜１１０・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・式１０
を得る。
よって、上記式１０から、前記ＳＴ１０において除霜終了条件に達したと判断し、ＳＴ１１で圧縮機の回転数Ｂｒｐｓを検出した後、ＳＴ１２では圧縮機の回転数Ｂｒｐｓが１１０ｒｐｓ以下の場合、圧縮機ノンストップ方式のＳＴ１４に、また、圧縮機の回転数Ｂｒｐｓが１１０ｒｐｓ以上の場合、圧縮機ストップ方式のＳＴ１６に進むようにしてもよい。 Similarly, the conditional expression for switching the expression 2 and the expression 4 to the heating operation by the compressor non-stop method Tyns <Tys.
Substituting into
(B-50) seconds + 10 seconds <70 seconds ...
Therefore,
B <110 ....................................... Equation 10
Get.
Therefore, it is determined from ST 10 that the defrosting termination condition has been reached in ST10, and after detecting the compressor speed Brps in ST11, if the compressor speed Brps is 110 rps or less in ST12, the compressor The process may proceed to ST14 of the non-stop method, or to ST16 of the compressor stop method when the compressor rotation speed Brps is 110 rps or more.

本発明による空気調和機の除霜制御装置の一実施例を示す冷媒回路図である。It is a refrigerant circuit figure which shows one Example of the defrost control apparatus of the air conditioner by this invention. 本発明による空気調和機の除霜制御方法の一実施例の一部を示すタイミングチャートである。It is a timing chart which shows a part of one Example of the defrost control method of the air conditioner by this invention. 本発明による空気調和機の除霜制御方法の一実施例の一部を示すタイミングチャートである。It is a timing chart which shows a part of one Example of the defrost control method of the air conditioner by this invention. 本発明による空気調和機の除霜制御方法の一実施例を示す動作フローチャートである。It is an operation | movement flowchart which shows one Example of the defrost control method of the air conditioner by this invention. 本発明による空気調和機の除霜制御方法の一実施例を示す動作フローチャートである。It is an operation | movement flowchart which shows one Example of the defrost control method of the air conditioner by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

１圧縮機
２四方弁
３室内熱交換器
４キャプラリチューブ
５室外熱交換器
６室内ファン
７室外ファン
８室内温度検出器
９室外熱交換器温度検出器
１０圧縮機の回転数検出器
１１制御手段 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Four-way valve 3 Indoor heat exchanger 4 Capri tube 5 Outdoor heat exchanger 6 Indoor fan 7 Outdoor fan 8 Indoor temperature detector 9 Outdoor heat exchanger temperature detector 10 Compressor rotation speed detector 11 Control means

Claims

The compressor, flow path switching means, outdoor heat exchanger, decompression means, and indoor heat exchanger are connected to form a refrigeration cycle and have a defrosting function by reverse operation. At the same time, the compressor stop system for switching the flow path switching means by stopping the compressor and the compressor non-stop system for switching the flow path switching means by reducing the rotational speed of the compressor to a predetermined rotational speed are used in combination. An air conditioner characterized by being able to.

When it is determined that the defrosting operation is necessary during the heating operation, the control unit stops the compressor, switches the flow path switching unit at a predetermined time before and after, and starts the compressor again to defrost. In the compressor stop system that starts operation, the switching time from when the compressor is stopped until the compressor is started and reaches a predetermined rotational speed, and the compressor rotational speed is reduced to a predetermined rotational speed, and the predetermined rotational speed is reached. In the compressor non-stop system in which the number of times is maintained for a predetermined time, the flow path switching means is switched, and the compressor rotation speed is increased again to perform the defrosting operation, 2. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein a switching time that is a sum of a predetermined time for maintaining the number of revolutions is compared with each other, and a defrosting operation by a method using one of the shorter switching times is selected.

When the control means determines that the defrosting operation has ended, the compressor is stopped, the flow switching means is switched at a predetermined time before and after, the compressor is started again, and the heating operation is restarted. In the system, the switching time from the stop of the compressor until the compressor reaches a predetermined rotation speed, the compressor rotation speed is decreased to a predetermined rotation speed, and the predetermined rotation speed is maintained for a predetermined time, and the flow path In the non-stop system in which the switching means is switched and the compressor rotation speed is increased again to restart the heating operation, it is the sum of the time required to decrease to the predetermined rotation speed and the predetermined time for maintaining the predetermined rotation speed. 2. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is compared with each of the switching times, and the heating operation is restarted by a method based on one of the shorter switching times.