JP2005299937A - Hot water generator using solar heat and heat island preventing system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hot water generator using solar heat and a heat island preventing system combined with the hot water generator, efficiently warming water supplied onto surface plates with solar heat, being compact and easily installed on an optional place, of which disassembling and internal cleaning can be easily done. <P>SOLUTION: The upper side of a water reservoir part 1 is covered with a transparent cover 5, at least one sheet of tray-shaped surface plate 7 is arranged onto inside of the cover, a water feed pipe 6 for feeding water is provided onto the tray-shaped surface plate so as to reserve water fed from the water feed pipe 6 into the water reservoir part 1 after overflowing from the circumference of the tray-shaped surface plate 7, and the water is taken out of the water reservoir part 1 while being warmed. The transparent cover and the surface plate are formed into one unit case, which is installed on a natural or artificial tree for preventing heat island. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a device for generating hot water using heat generated by sunlight during the day and a heat island prevention system used in combination with this device. Specifically, a face plate that receives solar heat is installed in a transparent cover. The present invention relates to a solar water use hot water generator and a heat island prevention system in which water supplied from outside is heated and overflowed from the face plate and taken out from a lower water storage tank.

  Conventionally, as a hot water generator using solar heat, a light receiving plate called a solar panel or the like is installed facing the sun, and the light receiving plate is directly heated by sunlight during the day, and the water flowing in the light receiving plate is used. A solar system having a configuration in which it is extracted by heating and warming water is known.

  For example, a water tank is covered with a conical transparent cover so that sunlight can be collected from all directions regardless of the position of the sun during the day. There is a water heater. This is provided with a transparent outer wall plate that is substantially similar to the water tank with a vacuum layer across the entire outer surface of a stainless steel water tank whose top is hemispherical and conical on the side. A hot water outlet pipe that opens near the top of the tank is provided, and the hot water outlet pipe is extended from the bottom of the tank to the outside so that the hot water in the tank heated by solar heat is taken out. A gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the water storage tank and the transparent outer wall plate, and this portion is used as a vacuum layer so that the collected heat is not dissipated. The effective heat collection time of solar heat is secured by making the transparent outer wall plate conical.

In addition, as an example of a hemispherical transparent sunlight-lighting structure so as not to be affected by the shade of the building, a solar heat collecting apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-303875 has been proposed. According to this, a solar light collector is installed on the roof of the building or an upper portion close thereto, and the solar heat collector comprises a heat collecting plate and a storage tank along the outer wall of the building at a position below the solar light collector. Is installed, and the sunlight collected by the solar light collecting device is irradiated to the heat collecting plate portion of the solar heat collector to obtain hot water from the solar heat collector.
JP 2002-81182 A JP-A-8-296905 JP-A-8-303875

  Many conventional solar energy utilization systems that use heat collection panels are installed on the sloped roof of a house, and installation work is large and dangerous. It cannot be moved to another location. Moreover, since it is installed on the roof, there is a great danger in maintenance such as repair, and it is impossible for users in ordinary households to work easily.

  Since the conical solar water heater described in the above-mentioned JP-A-8-296905 receives sunlight with a conical transparent outer wall plate, it can uniformly receive the irradiation light of the sun that moves with the passage of time during the day. Although there is an advantage that the light receiving area during the day can be made almost constant, when water is focused on the inner heat storage tank, the water depth becomes deeper and the amount of stored water becomes larger than the light receiving surface of the heat storage plate. Is bad. Moreover, if the amount of water in the tank is reduced without filling the heat storage tank with water, the hot water is not effectively taken into the hot water outlet pipe that opens upward, and the amount of hot water that is obtained becomes extremely small.

  In addition, the solar heat collecting apparatus described in JP-A-8-303875 is a lower heat collecting plate part in which the sunlight irradiated to the uppermost dome-shaped transparent hood is converted into rays parallel to the outer wall of the building by a prism action. It is a structure that heats the water in the storage tank underneath and installs a dome-shaped transparent hood adjacent to the roof of the building, so it usually becomes a shadow on the north side of the building Even if a solar heat collector is installed in the part, there is an advantage that effective light collection and heat collection are possible. However, this apparatus irradiates the collector with the light deflected by the prism plate, and is not a structure in which sunlight is directly applied to the water on the heat storage plate, and the thermal efficiency of the heat storage plate by solar heat is low.

  The present invention provides a face plate that stretches water over a wide area in the transparent cover, and directly transfers the heat of the face plate by solar heat to the water so that hot water can be obtained with high thermal efficiency and is extremely compact. It can be installed on a garden or a storehouse in a general house, and can be easily and safely installed in an open space, an alley, or any other place where sunlight can be received, and using this solar heat generation hot water generator, The object is to provide a heat island prevention system that prevents overheating and warming on the ground caused by exhaust gas.

  According to the present invention, the upper side of the water storage tank portion is covered with a transparent cover, at least one tray-like face plate is disposed inside the cover, and a water supply pipe for supplying water onto the tray-like face plate is provided, Provided is a solar water-based hot water generator in which water supplied from a water pipe overflows from the periphery of the tray-like face plate and is stored in the water storage tank unit, and is taken out from the tank unit in a hot water state. The

  Further, according to the present invention, a unit case having a tray-like face plate therein and having at least a transparent upper surface is installed on a tree-shaped branch or trunk, and a water supply pipe for supplying water onto the tray-like face plate of the unit case; A drain pipe for taking out the water overflowing from the tray-like face plate is disposed along the trunk portion and the branch portion of the tree shape, and the unit receives the water that has received solar heat on the tray-like face plate and overflowed from the face plate. There is provided a tree-type solar water-based hot water generator configured to be stored in a water storage tank section through the drain pipe from the bottom of the case, and taken out from the tank section in a hot water state.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, a unit case provided with a tray-like face plate and having at least a transparent upper surface is installed on the tree, and overflowed from the water supply pipe for supplying water onto the tray-like face plate and the tray-like face plate. There is provided a heat island prevention system provided with a drain pipe for guiding water from the bottom of the unit case to the water storage tank, and covering the ground with the shadow of the unit case and the leaves of trees by sunlight.

  As described above, according to the solar-heated hot water generator of the present invention, the face plate that stretches water over a wide area is provided in the transparent cover, and the heat of the face plate due to solar heat is transmitted to the water. In particular, by arranging the face plates in a multi-layer structure so as to overflow sequentially from the upper face plate to the lower face plate, solar heat can be absorbed three-dimensionally and high thermal efficiency can be obtained. Moreover, it can be configured more compactly than conventional solar water heaters, and can be easily and safely installed on a garden, a storehouse, a vacant lot, an alley, or any other place where sunlight can be received. In some cases, the installation location can be moved. By mounting a solar cell on the bottom of the face plate or tank, hot water having a necessary temperature can be obtained even on a cloudy day or in the rain.

  Further, the hot water generator according to the present invention can be used in a wide range, for example, in a snowy area, by installing hot water generated on a road where snow is accumulated and spraying water directly on the snow accumulation location and melting the snow with the heat of the hot water. Can be realized.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, the upper side of the water storage tank portion is covered with a dome-shaped transparent cover, a plurality of tray-shaped face plates are arranged in the dome so as to be vertically separated from each other, and water is supplied onto the tray-shaped face plate. The tray-shaped face plate is configured such that the area of the lower face plate is sequentially larger than the upper face, and the water fed from the water pipe is supplied onto the uppermost face plate. Accordingly, there is provided a dome type solar water use hot water generator in which water sequentially overflows from the upper face plate to the lower face plate and is stored in the water storage tank section.

  The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for preferred embodiments.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of a dome-type hot water generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. A water storage tank portion 1 having a circular shape in a top view is installed outdoors through a suitable pedestal 2. The water storage tank portion 1 is a warm water receiving container having a relatively shallow bottom made up of a bottom plate 3 and a side plate 4 having an open top surface, and a transparent dome having a substantially hemispherical shape or a substantially semi-elliptical spherical shape so as to cover the entire periphery of the side plate 4. A shaped cover 5 is installed at the top of the tank.

  A water supply pipe 6 extending from the outside through the center of the bottom plate of the water storage tank portion 1 and extending upward is provided. The upper end of the water pipe 6 is opened, and a tray-like face plate 7 is connected to the upper part of the water pipe. A side wall 8 having a small height is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the face plate 7, whereby water sent from the water pipe 6 is accumulated on the face plate 7, and is passed over the face plate side wall 8 downward by continuous water supply. Overflow.

  Preferably, a plurality of face plates 7 are spaced apart in the vertical direction, and in the illustrated example, six face plates 7 having different diameters are arranged, and the outer diameter of the lower face plate is the upper side of each of the face plates 7 adjacent in the vertical direction. The diameter is larger than the face plate. The water pipe 6 passes through the center of these face plates and opens on the uppermost face plate. Therefore, the water overflowing from the side wall 8 of the uppermost face plate 7 (symbol a1) is received and collected by the face plate (a2) directly below the face plate (a2). Is received by the third face plate (a3) from the top, specifically, from the top. In this way, water sequentially accumulates on the lower face plate, and from the bottom face plate (a6), the water storage tank portion 1 Overflows into the tank and is stored in the tank. In addition, when only one face plate 7 is used in another embodiment, it is a matter of course that the face plate 7 overflows directly into the water storage tank unit 1.

  The water supply pipe 6 is connected to an external water supply source (not shown), and a first pump 9 and a first valve 10 are provided on the way. The water storage tank unit 1 is connected to the secondary water storage tank 12 through the second pump 11 and the hot water discharge pipe 28. In addition, a bypass pipe 13 is provided between the water supply pipe 6 on the downstream side (front end side) from the first valve 10 and the water storage tank portion 1, and a third pump 14 is provided in the bypass pipe 13. The secondary water tank 12 is connected to a hot water supply pipe 16 for supplying hot water to a necessary hot water use location via a fourth pump 15. Reference numeral 18 denotes a second valve that opens and closes the hot water outlet pipe 28 connected to the tank unit 1. Further, an air pressure adjusting device 17 communicating with the internal space surrounded by the dome-shaped transparent cover 5 is provided at the lower part of the cover.

  In this embodiment, in addition to the components described above, various devices such as a temperature sensor, a water level sensor, a heater, or various control devices are attached as necessary. These will be described in order. First, this hot water generator is installed in a place exposed to sunlight in the outdoors, the water pipe 6 is connected to a water supply source, and the hot water supply pipe 16 of the secondary water storage tank 12 is used for hot water use equipment such as a home bath or shower equipment. Or connect to water supply equipment such as a washroom and a washroom.

With the second valve 18 that controls the delivery of warm water to the secondary water tank 12 closed, the water of the water supply source is pumped up by the first pump 9 of the water supply pipe 6 and reaches the top from the upper end of the water supply pipe 9. The water is stored on the upper face plate 7 (a1), and as described above, water overflows sequentially from the side wall 8 of the face plate 7 to the lower face plate 7. Water on each face plate 7 is warmed by the heat of sunlight irradiated through the transparent cover 5 and stored in the water storage tank unit 1 as hot water. Temperature t ₁ of the hot water storage tank unit 1 at this time is detected by the temperature sensor 20 provided therein. Then, the hot water in the water storage tank unit 1 passes from the bypass pipe 13 through the water supply pipe 6 to each face plate 7 by the operation of the third pump 14 of the bypass pipe 13 and the overflow from each face plate 7 until the hot water reaches the required temperature. It is circulated with the tank unit 1.

  Specifically, when the amount of hot water in the water storage tank unit 1 is detected by a water level sensor (not shown) and the water amount in the water storage tank unit 1 is full or reaches a predetermined amount after the start of operation of the apparatus. The first valve 10 is automatically closed by the personal computer function of the control device, and the first pump 9 is stopped. At the same time, the third pump 14 is actuated to draw up the warm water from the water storage tank unit 1 described above, and the overflow from the face plate 7 is repeated to circulate the warm water. When the hot water in the water storage tank unit 1 reaches a required temperature, the second valve 18 is opened, and the hot water is sent from the water storage tank unit 1 to the secondary water storage tank 12 by the second pump 12, and at the same time the first water The valve 10 is opened, and water supply onto the face plate 7 is resumed by the reactivation of the first pump 9. When the water temperature of the water storage tank unit 1 is lowered, the first valve 10 is automatically closed, and the third pump 14 circulates the hot water between the water storage tank unit 1 and the face plate 7 described above. The hot water in the secondary water tank 12 is sent to a desired hot water use location by the fourth pump 15.

  An appropriate auxiliary heating device may be added to the water storage tank unit 1 and the secondary water storage tank 12 in anticipation of rain or cloudy weather. The heating device may be an electric heater using a normal commercial power source. Preferably, heaters 30 and 31 powered by a solar cell, for example, a film-like solar cell, are provided at the bottom of the water storage tank unit 1 and / or the secondary water storage tank 12. Installed at the bottom of the.

  In the above-described embodiment, the auxiliary heating device is added to the water storage tank unit 1, but a heating device may be separately provided for each face plate 7. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a face plate 7 showing another embodiment of the present invention. A solar cell 21 is provided on the surface of the face plate 7, and the heater by the solar cell 21 is used on the face plate 7 in addition to the heat from sunlight until a predetermined temperature is reached by the temperature sensor in the tank unit 1 displayed on the control panel. Water is heated. In addition to the solar cell 21, a normal electric heater may be employed. As the solar cell, a film-like solar cell can be suitably employed in the same manner as the heater of the water storage tank unit 1 described above.

  The height Δt of the side wall 8 on the outer periphery of the face plate is determined in consideration of the capacity of the device and the absorption efficiency of solar heat, but it is usually preferable to set it within a range of several centimeters. The heat applied to the face plate 7 is absorbed by the water on the face plate. In order to increase the heat absorption, radial or spiral micro grooves are formed in the face plate 7 so that the contact area of the face plate 7 with water is as wide as possible. It is good to be. Furthermore, the surface of the face plate or the micro-grooves use nano-carbon nanotubes by nanotechnology (ultra-fine technology) to increase water wetting and delay the flow of water on the face plate to increase solar heat absorption efficiency. It can also be done. Each face plate is made of a material having good heat absorption, and its surface is preferably coated with a color coating effective for enhancing solar heat absorption, such as black or green. Further, the dome-shaped transparent cover 5 has a slightly thicker top side, and thereby exerts a condensing lens effect such as a convex lens, thereby more effectively irradiating sunlight onto the face plate. be able to.

  The present invention is mainly installed on a sunny place in the outdoors, for example, on the ground near the garden or the eaves of ordinary households, or in any place such as an office building, the rooftop of a housing complex, or one corner of a park. . Moreover, you may attach this warm water generator to the support body which can be raised / lowered so that it can receive sunlight as long as possible following the sunlight of the moving sun. In this case, a flexible material pipe such as a rubber hose is used for a part of the water supply pipe or the hot water supply pipe.

  Next, a structure for cleaning and checking the dome-type hot water generator according to the present invention will be described. The dome-shaped cover 5 is formed as a single body, but in some cases, particularly in the case of a large capacity, it may be a two-part structure joined at the longitudinal center plane. Further, the face plate 7 is detachably supported by a water pipe 6 passing through the center of the face plate 7 and is removed to clean scales, rust and the like with a cleaning liquid. In this case, in order to facilitate the attachment / detachment of the face plate 7, as shown in FIG. 3, a locking member 22 comprising a cylindrical portion 22 a and a flange portion 22 b is attached to the outer side of the water supply pipe 6, The inner diameter portion of the face plate 7 is placed and supported on the upper surface of the flange portion 22b.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the face plate 7 has a center hole through which the water supply pipe 6 is inserted as shown in the figure, and an inner diameter side wall 23 is formed at the inner diameter portion of the center hole. The outer diameter side wall 8 is smaller in height than the inner diameter side wall 23 so that the water on the face plate 7 flows down from the outer periphery of the face plate. When a plurality of face plates 7 are used, the inner diameter D of the central hole of the upper side face plate 7 is larger in the lower face plate 7 than that of the lower face plate 7, and the flange portion 22b of the locking member 22 that supports the face plate 7 is used. The outer diameter d is smaller than the inner diameter D of the center hole of the face plate 7 located below the outer diameter d. Thereby, each face plate 7 can be sequentially extracted upward without interfering with the flange portion 22b of the locking member 22 located above this position. In addition, although the cylinder part 22a of the latching member 22 is fixed to the water pipe 6 with a volt | bolt etc., you may fix the face plate 7 to the flange part 22b with a volt | bolt depending on the case. Of course, the water pipe itself can be removed from the water storage tank.

  When the tank is not used for a long period of time, the water storage tank and secondary water tank are drained to prevent contamination of the hot water. At this time, the water drain hole that can be closed so that the water accumulated on the faceplate also falls into the water storage tank. Is provided. FIG. 4 is a view showing a structure example of the drain hole of the face plate and its closing lid. According to this, the drainage holes 25 aligned vertically are formed on the bottom surface of each face plate 7, and these drainage holes 25 are closed in a watertight state by the closing lid 26. The closing lids 26 are held by drainage operation rods 27 penetrating the face plates 7 in the vertical direction, and the rotation of the rods 27 by a predetermined angle causes the respective closure lids 26 to turn around the center of the rods. 25 is opened, and water on the face plate 7 is drawn out simultaneously. The rod 27 is pivotally supported by an appropriate bearing on the lower surface of each face plate 7 and supported at the lower end thereof in a primary water storage tank portion so as to be detachable. In FIG. 4, the operation handle of the rod 27 is provided at the upper end of the rod, but may be provided at the lower end of the rod protruding downward from the tank unit 1.

  As described above, the drain holes are aligned vertically, and the drain holes are simultaneously opened and closed with one operating rod. It is also possible to open the drain hole by manually sliding the closing lid of each face plate and discharging the water on the face plate.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of use of the dome-type hot water generator according to the present invention. A hollow column 33 having a height of about 3 to 5 meters is installed at one end of a garden or a park of a general household, and a bottom plate 34 of a dome-shaped structure is attached to the upper end of the hollow column 33. A transparent dome-shaped cover 5 is attached. A water supply pipe 6 is disposed at the center of the hollow support 33, and the water supply pipe 6 extends into the dome, and first and second tray-like face plates 7a and 7b are attached to the upper end and the lower side thereof. ing. The outer diameter of the second face plate 7b is larger than that of the first face plate 7a at the upper end of the water pipe. The inner periphery of the center hole of the bottom plate 34 is attached to the outer periphery of the upper end of the hollow column 33, so that the space 35 in the dome passes between the inner wall of the column 33 and the outer periphery of the water pipe 6 through the center hole of the bottom plate 34. It communicates with the hollow part. The hollow portion of the column 33 communicates with a water storage tank portion (not shown), and the water supply pipe 6 is connected to a water supply source (not shown) via a pump and a valve.

  Cold water sent from the water supply source through the water supply pipe 6 into the dome is stored in the uppermost first tray-like face plate 7a, where it is heated by solar heat irradiated through the transparent cover 5, and outside the face plate 7a. Overflowing from the peripheral edge onto the second tray-like face plate 7b on the lower side and being stored on the second face plate 7b, similarly, the face plate 7b is also heated by solar heat. Further, it overflows from the second tray-like face plate 7 b onto the bottom plate 34, passes through the hollow portion of the hollow column 33, and is stored in the water storage tank portion. Overflowing hot water from the second face plate 7b is also heated by solar heat on the bottom plate.

  The hot water obtained in this way is sent from the water storage tank section through the take-out pipe to the hot water use location, but in some cases, it may be further guided to a secondary water storage tank as described in FIG. . In this embodiment, it is also possible to add an auxiliary heater using a solar cell to the upper surfaces of the face plates 7a and 7b and the bottom plate 34, or to add a heater to the water storage tank portion. An air pressure adjusting device is attached to this dome-shaped structure, and a thermometer, a water level meter, various valves, and a control device are attached.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of a tree-type solar thermal hot water generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention. A tree-shaped water supply / drainage section is constituted by one main double pipe 40 extending perpendicularly to the ground and a plurality of branch double pipes 36 extending obliquely upward from a middle portion of the main 40 pipe 35. . The water supply pipe 6 of the water supply / drainage section passes from the water supply source (not shown) through the center of the main double pipe 40, that is, the tree-shaped trunk, and further through the center of the branch double pipe 36, that is, the tree-shaped branch. It communicates with a unit case 37 (described later) at the tip of the branch. The drainage pipe 38 of the water supply / drainage part is disposed from the unit case 37 along the outer peripheral part of the branch part and the outer peripheral part of the trunk part, and is connected to the water storage tank part 12 from the position of the trunk part. The lower part of the water storage tank 12 is connected to the main water supply pipe via the bypass pipe 13. In the illustrated example, the water supply / drainage section at the upper end of the trunk is directly connected to the unit case 37. A water supply pump 9 and a valve 10 are provided below the position of the connection portion between the bypass pipe 13 and the water supply pipe 6 (that is, the water supply source side), and a portion extending from the drain pipe 38 to the water storage tank section 12 and the bypass pipe 13 is also provided with pumps 39 and 41 in the same manner.

  The unit case 37 has a box-shaped outer shape in which a transparent cover 5 is covered on a water storage plate 50 at the bottom of the case, and a tray-like face plate 7 is provided in the box shape so as to be separated from the inner wall of the case. Have. The tip of each water pipe 6 extends into the unit case 37 and communicates with the upper surface of the tray-like face plate 7, and the drain pipe 38 communicates with the case bottom. Each unit case 37 is provided with an air pressure adjusting device (not shown). The transparent cover 5 of the case 37 is made of plastic such as tempered glass or an acrylic plate.

  The internal tray-like face plate 7 is formed of a plate having good heat storage properties such as stainless steel or aluminum. In addition, a water level meter and a thermometer (not shown) are added to the water storage tank section 12, and a control personal computer that takes in the output signals of these gauges and gives an opening / closing command of the valve can be used. It is like that.

  The operation of the tree-type hot water generator will be described. First, by the operation of the pump 9 provided in the water supply pipe 6, water is supplied from the water supply source to the upper surface of the tray-like face plate 7 in the unit case 37 through the water supply pipe 6. Here, the water on the face plate 7 is heated by sunlight irradiated through the transparent cover 5. By continuous water supply, the hot water on the tray-like face plate 7 overflows from the face plate 7 and flows down from the bottom of the unit case through the drain pipe 38 and is stored in the water storage tank portion 12 by the pump 39. The water supply pipe 6 continues to supply water until the amount of water in the water storage tank section 12 reaches a predetermined amount, but when the water level of the water storage tank section 12 exceeds the position of the bypass pipe 13, the hot water in the water storage tank section 12 is predetermined. Until the temperature is reached, the valve 10 is closed and the pump 9 is stopped by the command signal of the control personal computer, and the pump 41 is operated and the hot water in the water storage tank section 12 is supplied to the bypass pipe 13 and the water supply / drain pipe 6. , 38 circulate between the inside of the unit case 37 and the water storage tank portion 12.

  When the hot water in the water storage tank unit 12 reaches a specified temperature, the hot water is sent from the water storage tank unit 12 through the hot water discharge pipe 16 to the place of use, and at the same time, the valve 10 is opened, the operation of the pump 9 is restarted, and the bypass pipe 13 The pump 41 is stopped, water is supplied from the water supply pipe 6 into the unit case 37, and hot water overflowing from the tray-like face plate 7 is sent to the water storage tank unit 12. When the temperature of the hot water in the water storage tank section 12 falls below a predetermined temperature, the valve 10 is closed and the hot water is recirculated between the water storage tank section 12 and the unit case 37 by the pump 41 of the bypass pipe 13. Is done.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing one example of use of the tree-type hot water generator according to the present invention. On the cylindrical base 51, one unit case 37 having an outer shell constituted by a hollow cylindrical transparent cover 52 having a slightly smaller diameter than this is mounted, and a tree shape is formed around the upper end of the base 51. A plurality of leaf portions 53 are attached. In this case, the leaf portion 53 is arranged so as to surround the unit case 37, but the tip side from the base portion of the leaf is inclined or curved in an outwardly opened state so that the sunlight irradiates at least the upper half of the unit case 37. Installed. In addition, the tree trunk which comprises a cylindrical base side part is painted and the pattern which considered the aesthetic design so that a more preferable whole external appearance may be exhibited.

  The unit case 37 in this example is open at the bottom. In the cylindrical unit case 37, a plurality of tray-like face plates 7 spaced above and below and the water supply pipe 6 penetrating these face plates 7 are arranged. The water supply pipe 6 is connected from the unit case 37 through the center of the base 51 to a water supply source (not shown). Although FIG. 7 is a side sectional view, the outer shell of the unit case 37 is shown in a perspective view for easy understanding of the structure. In the base 51, a water storage tank portion 12 supported by the inner wall of the base or the ground is provided.

  A hot water outlet pipe 16 is connected to the water storage tank section 12. The hot water take-out pipe 16 is drawn out from the base 51 to the outside and guided to the hot water use location or connected to a secondary water tank (not shown) as described in the example of FIG. The tray-like face plate 7 provided on the outer periphery of the water supply pipe 6 in the transparent cover 52 has a larger outer diameter in the order of the lower face plate. Therefore, the cold water sent from the water supply pipe 6 receives sunlight. When the water is warmed on the receiving face plate 7 and overflows from the uppermost face plate 7 to the lower face plate in sequence and gradually accumulates in the water storage tank section 12 from the lower end of the opened unit case, and when it exceeds a certain amount It is taken out from the hot water outlet pipe 16. In this embodiment as well, it is possible to configure the hot water to circulate between the water storage tank unit and the unit case via the bypass pipe described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 5.

  In the example of FIG. 7, the leaf portion 53 is artificial, but the unit case may be installed on an actual tree. If a problem arises in terms of strength, the unit case placed on the tree can be supplementarily supported by an appropriate support column or support base. The shape of the unit case 37 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and any shape such as a dome shape or a box shape can be adopted. Further, the unit case 37 may have a structure having a bottom plate. After warm water is once accumulated on the bottom plate, the warm water may flow from the bottom plate to the water storage tank portion 12.

  As another example, although not shown, as shown in 8, the unit case itself may be formed in the shape of a natural tree leaf, thereby preventing the ground from being directly overheated by solar heat. . In this case, a leaf-shaped face plate is provided in the unit case, and the water pipe is supplied onto the face plate through the case, and the water that overflows from the face plate and collects in the case is collected by the drain pipe. To do. In this case, it is possible to form the water supply pipe and the drain pipe in the shape of a natural tree branch or trunk.

  Next, an embodiment of the heat island prevention system according to the present invention will be described. The heat island phenomenon is generally regarded as a phenomenon in which the temperature of the atmosphere does not drop even at night when solar heat accumulates in urban residential materials or asphalt on paved roads. Furthermore, it is considered that exhaust heat from heating / cooling equipment, exhaust gas from automobiles, etc. are generated in synergy. As a preventive measure, greening the roof of the building is considered, but the effect is not clearly understood at present.

  In the present invention, solar heat is used as a heat source for the hot water generator, and the above-described tree-type hot water generator is provided with a means for blocking sunlight, thereby creating a wide shade area on the ground to prevent overheating and heat storage such as asphalt. It is something to try. Referring to FIG. 6, a leaf portion 53 simulating the shape of a tree leaf is provided around the unit case 37, and the leaf portion 53 blocks sunlight rays radiated on the ground, and at the same time from the outside, particularly a tree. The unit case 37 is hidden behind the leaf portion 53 from the side or below so that it cannot be seen. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the water supply pipe 6 is provided with a water dripping means (nozzle) 63, and water is drowned on the ground as necessary, thereby forcibly preventing overheating of the ground. Furthermore, especially in the summer heat island phenomenon, it is often combined with photochemical smog and causes a great deal of damage to the residents. Therefore, depending on the air pollution at that time, oxygen gas or hydrogen gas is injected by the gas injection nozzle means 62. I try to prevent air pollution. The nozzle means 62 is connected to a separately installed oxygen generator and hydrogen generator, both of which are controlled by a personal computer function, and the equipment and facilities for preventing heat island are automatically activated by adjusting the atmospheric temperature and grasping the status of atmospheric pollution. So that it is systematized.

  FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of the unit case 37 of FIG. 6 and the leaf portion 53 holding the unit case. 6 and 8 are configured to have a heat island prevention function. As shown in FIG. 8, a solar power generation material (solar cell) 21 is mounted on a tree-shaped leaf portion 53 so as to store electricity, and the cooling and cooling effects installed on the leaf portion using this electric power. In order to prevent heat island, power is applied to functional elements and materials. In addition, the leaf portion 53 has a large shape with as large an area as possible, and the shadow of the leaf portion 53 is greatly generated on the ground so as to enhance the effect of preventing heat island. Since the unit case is heavy, a reinforcing aggregate 55 for stably supporting the leaf portion 53 and the unit case 37 is added to the branch portion. As shown in FIG. 8, the water supply pipe 6 for supplying water onto the face plate 7 and the drain pipe 38 for taking out hot water from the bottom of the unit case 37 may be supported by the reinforcing aggregate 55 at the same time.

  When the heat island prevention system according to the present invention is installed along a road, on the roof of a building, in a park or in an open space in a residential area, consideration is given so as not to damage the scenery, etc., but the unit case 37 is hidden by the leaves 53. This gives the appearance of a natural tree and fulfills aesthetic demands. The leaf portion 53 is attached to the unit case 37 itself, or is attached to a branch portion or a trunk portion adjacent to the unit case 37. In any case, it is a matter of course that the upper surface of the unit case 37 is exposed to sunlight.

  FIGS. 9A to 9C are schematic views showing various embodiments of the heat island prevention system according to the present invention using the solar water-based hot water generator 60. FIGS. 9A and 9B show an example in which a dome-shaped hot water generator 60 using solar heat is installed on a natural tree trunk. In this case, the hot water generator itself has a tough trunk as much as possible. Trees that are not covered with leaves are selected. In the case of FIG. 9A, a film-like solar cell 21 is attached to the leaf 61, and the power from the solar cell 21 is used as a power source for the auxiliary heater that is added to the hot water generator 60. At the same time, the sun's rays are blocked by the leaves of the trees, creating a large shaded area on the ground to reduce the heat storage of the ground, and also to prevent air pollution and heat island through the release of oxygen and absorption of carbon dioxide by natural trees. I have to.

  In the case of FIG. 9B, nozzle means 62 for injecting oxygen gas or hydrogen gas is provided on the tree, and this is connected to an oxygen generator or hydrogen generator (not shown) provided separately. In this case, a device for automatically adjusting the concentration of oxygen gas or hydrogen gas so as not to induce an explosion is also added. Further, the flooding means 63 can be provided to prevent overheating of the ground. These are controlled by a personal computer function, and the entire system is configured so that the efficiency of the solar-powered hot water generator 60 is adjusted, the atmospheric temperature is adjusted to prevent heat islands, the air pollution status is grasped, and the heat island prevention device operates automatically. It has become.

  In the example of FIG. 9 (C), a solar-powered hot water generator 60 having a cylindrical transparent cover 52 is installed on the trunk of a wide-leaved tree, and the sunlight 61 on the ground is blocked by the leaves 61 of the tree to prevent heat island. This is an example. As in FIG. 9A, a wide leaf is used, and the solar cell 21 is installed in the portion of the leaf 61. 9 (A) to 9 (C), a warm water generator is mounted on a natural tree. However, an artificial tree may be used, and in the case of a large capacity hot water generator, an appropriate reinforcement is provided to the trunk of the tree. Means are provided.

The above-described embodiments exemplify some specific configurations of the present invention, and other various modifications and correction structures can be employed. For example, each side plate _{a 1, a 2, a 3} , ... a n control automatically or manually in accordance with numerical control PC valve of the water supply pipe so that the amount and flow rate of water overflowing is the highest thermal efficiency from Can be adjusted. Also, the number of face plates to be assembled can be set to one or any number depending on the installation location and specifications. The installation location is not limited only to the flat ground, but it is also possible to install a stand on the rooftop of the building or on the top of the tree.

1 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of a dome-type hot water generator using solar heat according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is side part sectional drawing of the faceplate which added the solar cell which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is the partial side sectional drawing which showed an example of the support form of the faceplate which concerns on this invention. It is a partial side sectional view showing an example of the drainage structure of the face plate according to the present invention. It is the schematic which showed the usage example of the dome shape warm water generator which concerns on this invention. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of a tree-type solar thermal hot water generator according to the present invention. It is the schematic which showed one usage example of the tree-type warm water generator which concerns on this invention. It is an expansion perspective view which shows the mounting state of the unit case on the leaf part in the tree type warm water generator shown in FIG. It is the schematic which showed the various Example of the heat island prevention system which concerns on this invention using the hot water generator using solar heat.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water storage tank part 5 Dome-shaped transparent cover 6 Water supply pipe 7 Face plate 9 1st pump 10 1st valve 11 2nd pump 12 Secondary water tank 13 Bypass pipe 14 3rd pump 15 4th pump 17 Air pressure adjustment Device 18 Second valve 21 Solar cell 22 Locking member 25 Drain hole 26 Closing lid 27 Drain operation rod 33 Strut 37 Unit case 60 Solar-heated hot water generator 62 Gas injection nozzle means 63 Flooding means

Claims (8)

The upper side of the water storage tank is covered with a transparent cover, and at least one tray-like face plate is disposed inside the cover, and a water supply pipe for supplying water is provided on the tray-like face plate, and supplied from the water supply pipe. A solar-heated hot water generator characterized in that water overflows from the periphery of the tray-like face plate and is stored in the water storage tank section, and is taken out from the tank section in the form of hot water. The tray-like face plates are arranged in a vertical direction spaced apart from each other, and the area of the lower face plate is sequentially increased from the upper side, and the water fed from the water pipe is on the uppermost face plate. The hot water generator using solar heat according to claim 1, wherein water sequentially overflows from the upper face plate to the lower face plate. A unit case having a tray-like face plate inside and at least a transparent upper surface is installed on a tree-shaped branch, and a water pipe for supplying water onto the tray-like face plate of the unit case and water overflowing from the tray-like face plate A drainage pipe for taking out water is disposed along the tree-shaped trunk and the branch part, and receives water from the solar plate on the tray-like faceplate and overflows water from the faceplate through the drainage pipe through the drainage pipe. A tree-type solar-heated hot water generator characterized in that it is taken out from the tank section in a state where it is hot water. The tree-type solar-heated hot water generator according to claim 3, wherein the unit case is disposed on a natural tree. A unit case provided with a tray-like face plate and having at least a transparent upper surface is installed on the tree, and a water pipe for supplying water onto the tray-like face plate and water overflowing from the tray-like face plate are provided from the bottom of the unit case. A heat island prevention system, characterized in that a drain pipe leading to a water storage tank part is provided, and the ground is covered with the shadow of the unit case and the leaf part of the tree by sunlight. The unit case is installed on a tree-shaped branch part, a solar cell is added to a tree-shaped leaf part, and a flooding means is provided via the tree-shaped trunk part and the branch part. The heat island prevention system according to item 5. 7. A solar cell is added to a leaf portion of the tree shape, and oxygen and / or hydrogen releasing means are provided through the trunk portion and the branch portion of the tree shape. The heat island prevention system described in the item. A photovoltaic power generation material is mounted on the surface of the tree-shaped leaf so as to store electricity, and functional elements / materials that provide cooling and cooling effects are installed on the leaf, and the cooling and cooling are performed using the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation material. 8. The heat island prevention system according to claim 5, wherein a current is supplied to a functional element / material that brings about an effect.