JP2005299270A - Segment shape holding device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shape holding device for segments capable of making the installation and exchange more easily by simplifying the device configuration. <P>SOLUTION: A sheet-shaped outer cover 16 made of polyethylene is arranged in a manner extensible in a peripheral direction on the inner surface of a tail portion 1a of a skin plate 1 of a shield driving machine and is fastened to the inner surface of a tail plate 1 by means of a restoring force in an extensible direction. An outer tube 18 extensible in the peripheral direction is installed to the inner side of the outer cover 16 by means of surface fasteners 19 in a detachable manner. Inner tubes are respectively installed in a detachable manner at plural places in the peripheral direction inside the outer tube. Air is filled to the outer tube 18 and an inner tube 20 for expanding them between the innerperipheral surface of the tail portion 1a of the skinplate 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the segments 5 assembled to a ring shape inside the skin plate 1 thereby giving a pressure so as to wrap the segments 5 from the outer side for holding the segments 5 to the true circular shape. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a shape holding device that holds a segment assembled in a ring shape when a tunnel is constructed by a shield method, in an appropriate shape.

  When excavating a tunnel in soil that is easy to collapse or flow, place a pipe larger than the outer diameter of the tunnel into the ground, and perform the lining work in the rear while performing excavation work in front of it. In the shield method, which is a method for constructing a tunnel in soft ground, a shield machine has been used.

  A shield machine used in such a construction method has a configuration as schematically shown in FIG. That is, the partition wall 2 is provided inside the front end of the cylindrical steel skin plate 1 for protecting the interior against the earth pressure from the outside, and a cutter is attached to the front side of the partition wall 2 on the front surface. The cutter head 3 is rotatably supported and is driven to rotate by the drive motor 4. Behind the partition wall 2 is equipped with an erector 6 for assembling and lining the segment 5 in a ring shape. Furthermore, a plurality of shield jacks 7 are provided in the vicinity of the inner peripheral surfaces of the skin plate 1 in the circumferential direction in the rearward direction along the axial direction, and a reaction force is applied to the existing segment 5 that is assembled in a ring shape. So that you can dig forward.

  Further, inside the rear end portion (tail side end portion) of the skin plate 1, a plurality of tail seals 8 formed in a ring shape are attached, and the outer peripheral surface of the covered segment 5 and the skin plate 1 are attached. Sealing is performed between the inner peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface.

  When assembling the segment 5, the segment 5 is placed on a carriage or the like, transported forward from behind in the tunnel, and carried to the segment assembly position inside the tail portion 1 a of the skin plate 1. First, the segments 5 that are the bottom of the tunnel are arranged at predetermined assembly positions and are bolted to the existing segments 5 that are adjacent to the rear side that has been previously assembled in a ring shape. In addition, on the left and right sides of the segment 5 which is the bottom of the tunnel, the segment 5 which becomes the tunnel side wall and the segment 5 which becomes the ceiling are sequentially raised by the elector 6 according to the division position and the number of division in the circumferential direction and arranged in a ring shape. While sequentially connecting bolts to the segment 5 adjacent to the rear side, and simultaneously segmenting the segment adjacent to the circumferential direction. 5 to each other even if bolted, so that assembled in a ring shape. In addition, 9 shows the backing material with which the outer peripheral side of the existing segment 5 which becomes the back rather than the skin plate 1 is filled.

  Thus, the segment 5 assembled in the ring shape inside the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 is deformed due to its own weight or the action of earth pressure on the outer peripheral surface, and the segment 5 assembled in the ring shape is a perfect circle. If the characteristics cannot be maintained, the assembly of the next segment 5 will be hindered.

  For this reason, conventionally, a segment perfect circle holding device as schematically shown in FIG. 10 is used to hold the assembled shape of the segment 5 from the inside. That is, in the perfect circle holding device for holding the shape of the segment shown in FIG. 10, an arcuate upper holding member 10 that is in contact with the inside of a plurality of segments 5 adjacent in the circumferential direction is provided by a cylinder 12. The lower holding member 11 having an arcuate contact surface is provided so as to be vertically movable, and is configured to be vertically movable by the cylinder 12 so that the segment 5 assembled in a ring shape is supported from the inside and formed into a perfect circle. Further, holding members 13 having an arc shape in contact with the inner surface of the segment 5 can be horizontally moved by the cylinder 12 on both the left and right sides, and the segment 5 assembled in a ring shape is provided on the inner side. So that a perfect circular shape can be maintained (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  However, as described above, when the device for holding the shape of the segment 5 is provided inside the segment 5 and the segment 5 is held from the inside, the device for holding the shape of the segment 5 is Since it occupies a large part of the cavity in the tunnel, there is a problem that it may cause troubles in the transportation of the segment 5 and the movement of the worker. Furthermore, since the device for maintaining the shape of the segment 5 needs to be equipped so as not to interfere with the erector 6, the segment previously assembled is positioned one ring behind the segment 5 in the front row just assembled in a ring shape. 5 must be installed so as to be in contact with the inside of 5. Accordingly, when the segment 5 is newly assembled, the perfect circle holding device cannot be installed so as to stabilize the ring-shaped front row segment 5 that has just been assembled. For this reason, the behavior of the segment 5 in the front row cannot be stabilized, and there is a concern that there is a concern that the assembly work of the segment 5 newly assembled on the front side of the segment 5 in the front row may be hindered. .

  Therefore, in recent years, instead of a form in which the segment 5 assembled in a ring shape is held from the inside, a segment of a type in which the shape of the segment 5 is held from the outside of the segment 5 assembled in a ring shape. Shape retention devices have been proposed.

  FIGS. 11 (a) and (b) and FIGS. 12 (a) and (b) show an example. That is, between the inner peripheral surface of the tail part 1a of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine and the outer peripheral surface of the segment 5 assembled in a ring shape, it can be freely expanded and contracted by a fluid such as liquid, gas, oil, etc. 12A and 12B, or segment holding bodies by hydraulic jacks 15 as shown in FIG. 12B are arranged at a required interval in the circumferential direction, respectively. The expansion mat 14 as each segment holder is inflated as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 12 (a), or shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 12 (b). By extending the hydraulic jack 15 as described above, the expansion mat 14 and the hydraulic jack 15 can be pressed from the outer peripheral side to the segment 5 just assembled in a ring shape. In, it is to be able to retain the shape of the segment 5 to a true circle (e.g., see Patent Document 2).

  In addition, an extrusion device that uses a hydraulic jack or an expansion body that swells with compressed air or liquid inside the tail part of the skin plate in the shield machine can be used appropriately in the circumferential direction so that the extrusion direction is directed to the axis of the skin plate. When the shield excavator digs in the soft ground, the hydraulic jack of the extrusion device is extended when the clearance between the tail of the skin plate and the corner of the existing segment cannot be maintained. Alternatively, an expansion body is inflated and brought into contact with the outer periphery of an existing segment so as to ensure a clearance between the existing segment and the skin plate (for example, see Patent Document 3).

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-109796 JP 2003-83000 A Japanese Patent No. 2626951

  However, the segment shape holding device described in Patent Document 2 is provided on the inner surface of the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 in order to install the expansion mat 14 and the hydraulic jack 15 on the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1. The actual situation is that the structure of the apparatus becomes complicated, such as forming a recess, or providing a supply / discharge path for the working fluid of the expansion mat 14 and the hydraulic jack 15 inside the skin plate 1, and it takes time and effort to manufacture.

  Further, since the expansion mat 14 is integrally attached to the skin plate 1, the expansion mat 14 is slid with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the segment 5 when the shield machine advances. For this reason, there is a concern that the wear of the expansion mat 14 may increase.

  In addition, what was described in Patent Document 3 is that when the tip corner of the existing segment is close to the tail of the skin plate, the existing segment is moved to the center of the tail of the skin plate by an extrusion device to ensure tail clearance. The idea of holding the shape of the segment from the outside is not shown at all. Furthermore, the hydraulic jack and the expansion body as the push-out device are provided inside the tail portion of the skin plate, but a specific installation method is not shown.

  Therefore, the present invention can simplify the configuration of the apparatus, can be easily manufactured, and the shape of the segment that can be easily replaced when the component members need to be replaced due to maintenance. A holding device is to be provided.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a sheet-like outer cover made of an elastic material having a required width dimension on the inner peripheral surface of the tail part of the cylindrical skin plate of the shield machine as the invention according to claim 1. The outer tube is slidably arranged in the axial direction of the skin plate, and an outer tube is attached to the inner side surface of the outer cover so as to be flat when evacuated. A plurality of inner tubes, which are flattened when venting, are detachably attached to the inner surface, and air supply / exhaust ports are provided in the outer tube and each inner tube, and assembled in a ring shape. The outer tube and each inner tube are inflated on the outer surface of the segment so that the inner tube abuts, and the assembled segment is pressed from the outside to have the proper shape. And it was to hold configuration.

  In the invention according to claim 1, the outer tube has a length that reaches almost the entire length of the outer cover, and the inner tube has a short block shape and is partially attached to the inner surface of the outer tube. And

  According to the first or second aspect of the present invention, at the side edge along the longitudinal direction of the outer tube, there is provided a coupling member projecting laterally at a required interval in the longitudinal direction, and via a rope bound to each coupling member. The outer cover and the inner tube are moved in the axial direction of the skin plate together with the outer tube.

  It is set as the structure which attached the pressure regulation valve to the outer side tube in the invention which concerns on Claim 1, 2, or 3.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 5, a sheet-like outer cover made of an elastic material having a required width dimension is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical skin plate of the shield machine, relative to the axial direction of the skin plate. A plurality of block-shaped inner tubes that are arranged so as to be slidable and are flattened when exhaled are attached to the inner surface of the outer cover, and are attached to the inner tubes. An air supply / exhaust port is provided, and the expanded inner tube is brought into contact with the outside of the segment assembled in a ring shape, and the assembled segment is pressed from the outside to be held in an appropriate shape. And

  The elastic material of the outer cover in the invention according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 is made of polyethylene.

According to the segment shape holding device of the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.
(1) A sheet-like outer cover made of an elastic material having a required width dimension is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical skin plate of the shield machine so as to be relatively slidable in the axial direction of the skin plate. A plurality of outer tubes which are detachably attached to the inner side surface of the outer cover when exhaled, and which are flattened on the inner side surface of the outer tube when venting; The inner tube is detachably attached, and the outer tube and each inner tube are provided with air supply / exhaust ports, respectively, and the outer tube and each inner tube are expanded on the outer surface of the segment assembled in a ring shape. The inner tube is brought into contact, and the assembled segment is pressed from the outside to be held in an appropriate shape. Together is, by expanding the inner tube, it is possible to hold the segments assembled in a ring shape, a proper shape segments can be pressed from the outside.
(2) Since the outer cover only has to be elastically disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate, the shield machine can be easily equipped without any processing on the skin plate side of the shield machine. In addition, it is possible to easily attach and detach the outer cover to the inner peripheral surface of the tail portion of the skin plate.
(3) Since the attachment of the outer tube to the outer cover and the attachment of each inner tube and outer tube are detachable, each attachment / detachment can be easily performed. For this reason, it is possible to very easily carry out maintenance / replacement work for the outer and inner tubes and the outer cover.
(4) Since the outer cover can slide on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate, even when the inner and outer tubes are in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the segment when the shield machine is advanced, Each outer tube does not slide and wear with the segment.
(5) A configuration in which the outer tube in the invention according to claim 1 has a length that reaches substantially the entire length of the outer cover, and the inner tube has a short block shape and is partially attached to the inner surface of the outer tube. By doing so, even if the pressing force from the outer peripheral side acting with the expansion of the outer tube on the segments assembled in a ring shape becomes uneven in the circumferential direction, the inner tube can be expanded appropriately. It is possible to equalize the circumferential pressing force.
(6) At the side edge part along the longitudinal direction of the outer tube in the invention which concerns on Claim 1 or 2, the coupling member protruded to the side by the required space | interval in the longitudinal direction was provided, and it bound to each said coupling member The outer cover and inner tube are moved in the axial direction of the skin plate along with the outer tube via the rope, so that the rope is pulled while the outer tube and the inner tube are evacuated. For example, the outer tube and the inner tube can be moved relative to the skin plate in the axial direction without sliding with the outer peripheral surface of the segment assembled in a ring shape.
(7) By adopting a configuration in which the pressure adjusting valve is attached to the outer tube in the invention according to claim 1, 2, or 3, the inner pressure of the outer tube is increased when the inner tube is expanded after the outer tube is expanded. It is possible to prevent the outer tube from being broken by preventing it from rising excessively.
(8) Further, a sheet-like outer cover made of an elastic material having a required width dimension can be relatively slid in the axial direction of the skin plate on the inner peripheral surface of the tail portion of the cylindrical skin plate of the shield machine. A plurality of block-shaped inner tubes that are arranged in a flat state at the time of ventilating are detachably attached to the inner side surface of the outer cover, and air supply / exhaust ports are respectively attached to the inner tubes. By providing each of the expanded inner tubes in contact with the outer side of the segment assembled in a ring shape and pressing the assembled segment from the outside to hold it in an appropriate shape, Inside the skin plate tail of the shield machine when the number of segments arranged in the circumferential direction is relatively small, such as when building a tunnel with a relatively small diameter Segments assembled in a ring-shaped Te, can be held to a proper shape by pressing from the outside at each inner tube inflating. For this reason, when constructing a tunnel having a relatively small diameter, the outer tube can be omitted, which is advantageous.
(9) By making the elastic material of the outer cover in the invention according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 into polyethylene, the outer cover is curved along the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate of the shield machine. Sometimes, an outer cover that can stick to the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate by a restoring force in the extending direction can be manufactured at low cost.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIGS. 1 (a), (b) and (c) to FIGS. 6 (a), (b), and (c) show an embodiment of the segment shape holding device according to the present invention as a shield excavation of the type shown as an example in FIG. It shows about the case where it applies to a machine. The shield machine itself may be of other types. The segment shape holding device of the present invention is arranged to be attached to the inner peripheral surface of the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 in the shield machine having the same configuration as that shown in FIG. The outer cover 16 is made of an elastic material, the outer tube 18 is detachably attached to the inner side of the outer cover 16, and the inner tube 20 is detachably attached to the inner side of the outer tube 18. The outer cover 16 made of an elastic material has a length that reaches almost the entire circumference in the circumferential direction along the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1 and has a sheet shape having a required width, and is curved by elasticity. Due to the restoring force to be extended from the skin plate 1, the skin plate 1 is arranged to stick to the inner peripheral surface of the tail portion 1 a in the circumferential direction. The outer tube 18 attached to the inner side of the outer cover 16 is approximately the same length as the outer cover 16 and can be expanded and contracted by injecting and exhausting a working fluid such as air 17. It is designed to be detachably attached via a hook-and-loop fastener (touch / close type fastener) 19 to the inside. Further, the inner tube 20 attached to the inside of the outer tube 18 is sized to be attached to a plurality of locations inside the outer tube 18 at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, and injecting and discharging working fluid, for example, air 17. Can be expanded and contracted. The inner tube 20 is detachably attached to the inner side of the outer tube 18 via a hook-and-loop fastener 19. The outer cover 16 is disposed along the inner peripheral surface of the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 with the outer tube 18 and the inner tube 20 attached to the outer cover 16, and the skin plate 1 After the segment 5 is assembled in a ring shape inside the tail portion 1a, the outer tube 18 is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the assembled segment 5. The air 17 is injected and expanded, and by appropriately injecting the air 17 into the inner tubes 20 and inflated, the segments 5 assembled in the ring shape are pressed so as to wrap from the outside, and the appropriate shape, for example, , So that it can be held in a perfect circle shape.

  More specifically, the outer cover 16 has elasticity that sticks to the inner surface of the skin plate 1 and is made of a material, for example, made of polyethylene, so that the inner surface of the skin plate 1 can slide and be relatively displaced. In addition, the thickness dimension is set to, for example, 1.5 mm thick according to the curvature of the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine, the weight of the outer tube 18 and the inner tube 20 to be supported, etc. The skin plate 1 is appropriately set according to the diameter of the skin plate 1 and has the required elasticity, and the skin plate 1 is bent and brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1. It sticks to the inner peripheral surface of the tube so that it does not fall even by its own weight or the weight of the outer tube 18 or the inner tube 20. That is, when the outer cover 16 is bent in the longitudinal direction, the restoring force in the extending direction accumulated in the outer cover 16 increases or decreases according to the thickness dimension and the curvature ratio. For this reason, even if the weight of the outer cover 16 and the weight of the outer tube 18 and the inner tube 20 act on the thickness dimension of the outer cover 16, the outer cover 16 is placed on the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine. The setting is made so as to obtain a restoring force in the extending direction so as to maintain the sticking posture.

  Further, the outer cover 16 is made of polyethylene, so that the outer peripheral surface is a smooth surface having a relatively small friction coefficient when arranged in a curved state along the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine. As a result, when the shield machine is advanced, the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the outer cover 16 can smoothly slide, and the outer cover 16 is moved relative to the skin plate 1. It can be moved relative to each other.

  Further, the inner side surface of the outer cover 16 that is the inner side when the outer cover 16 is curvedly arranged inside the skin plate 1 of the shield machine, as shown in FIG. One member (hereinafter referred to as one hook-and-loop fastener member) 19a of the male-side and female-side members constituting the hook-and-loop fastener 19 is attached in parallel in two rows so as to extend over substantially the entire length.

  The outer tube 18 is made of rubber and has a structure in which both ends are closed. When the air 17 is not injected into the inside (at the time of evacuation), the outer tube 18 has substantially the same width as the outer cover 16. In addition to being able to contract in a flat state, it is expanded so that the inner diameter is reduced when air is injected.

  Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), an air supply for injecting and exhausting air 17 to a required portion of the outer tube 18, for example, one side in the width direction at one end in the longitudinal direction. An exhaust port 21 is provided, and an air supply / discharge device (not shown) is connected to the air supply / discharge port 21 via an air supply / discharge tube 22. On the other hand, the inner tube 20 is attached on the inner side to a required portion in the longitudinal direction of the outer tube 18, for example, one side portion in the width direction at the other end in the longitudinal direction opposite to the air supply / exhaust port 21. Thus, when both the outer tube 18 and the inner tube 20 are expanded, a pressure regulating valve (safety valve) 23 is provided for preventing the internal pressure of the outer tube 18 from rising excessively.

  Moreover, the hook-and-loop fastener 19 for engaging with one hook-and-loop fastener member 19a attached to the outer cover 16 so that it can be detachably attached to the outer cover 16 on both side surfaces of the outer tube 18. The other member (hereinafter, referred to as the other hook-and-loop fastener member) 19b of the male side and female side members is attached in two rows at the center in the width direction so as to extend over almost the entire length in the longitudinal direction. The outer cover 16 can be detachably attached to the inner surface of the outer cover 16 regardless of the surface of the outer cover 18.

  Further, on both side edge portions along the longitudinal direction of the outer tube 18, coupling members 24 each having holes 25 are provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction so as to protrude outward in the width direction. One end of the rope 26 is bound to the 24 holes 25. Each of the ropes 26 is longer than the width dimension (1 m) of one segment 5, and the other end of the rope 26 having one end bonded to the hole 25 of the coupling member 24 is the front side of the skin plate 1. The outer tube 18 is pulled to the front side via the ropes 26 and moved to the front side along the skin plate 1 together with the outer cover 16. The connecting members 24 are provided on both sides of the outer tube 18 in the width direction because the outer tube 18 is disposed on the inner side of the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine. This is because the rope 26 for moving the outer tube 18 can be bound even when attached to the inner side of the outer cover 16.

  Each inner tube 20 is made of rubber and has a short dimension so that both ends are closed so as to form a block shape. When the air 17 is not injected (at the time of evacuation), the inner tube 20 is substantially the same as the outer tube 18. It is designed to be able to contract into a flat state having a similar width dimension, and at the time of air injection, it has a shape that can be expanded to a required thickness dimension. For that purpose, as shown in FIGS. An air supply / exhaust port 27 for injecting and exhausting air 17 is provided at a required portion of each inner tube 20, for example, at one side in the width direction at one end in the longitudinal direction. 27 is connected to an air supply / discharge device (not shown) via an air supply / discharge tube 22.

  Also, the outer surface of each inner tube 20 is engaged with and coupled to any one of the other hook-and-loop fastener members 19b attached to both surfaces of the outer tube 18 at two positions spaced apart in the longitudinal direction. As such, one hook-and-loop fastener member 19a that forms a pair with the hook-and-loop fastener member 19b is attached so as to extend a required dimension in the width direction. Thus, each inner tube 20 can be detachably attached to any location in the longitudinal direction on the inner surface of the outer tube 18 via the hook-and-loop fastener 19.

  In the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine and the outer peripheral surface of the segment 5 assembled in a ring shape, the outer side of the segment shape holding device of the present invention described above. When the segment 18 assembled in the ring shape is pressed from the outside and held in a perfect circle by expanding the tube 18 and the inner tube 20, the inner side of each inner tube 20 The frictional force acting between the outer surface of the segment 5 and the outer peripheral surface of the segment 5 is made larger than the frictional force acting between the outer peripheral surface of the outer cover 16 and the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1. . Thereby, in the state which pressed the segment 5 assembled in the ring shape inside the tail part 1a of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine from the outside by the segment shape holding device of the present invention and held it in a perfect circle shape. When the shield machine is moved forward by the operation of the shield jack 7, the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the outer cover 16 slide so that the segment by the segment shape maintaining device of the present invention is used. No. 5 can be maintained continuously.

  In addition, the outer periphery of the segment 5 assembled in a ring shape with the inner peripheral surface of the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 shown in FIGS. The distance from the surface, the thickness of the outer cover 16, the size of the outer tube 18, the size of each inner tube 20, and the like are shown in the dimensions for convenience of illustration. Therefore, the above dimensions are the actual dimensions. Is not reflected (the same applies to the following figures). Other components that are the same as those shown in FIG.

  In the case where the segment shape holding device of the present invention having the above-described configuration is attached to the inside of the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine, first, the outer cover 16 is appropriately curved or flat. After being carried into the inside of the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 as shown in FIGS. 1 (a), (b) and FIG. 2, the segment 5 is assembled at a position where the segment 5 is assembled next. The outer cover 16 is disposed so as to extend in the circumferential direction along the inner circumferential surface of the skin plate 1 at a position corresponding to the front end portion, and is applied to the inner circumferential surface of the skin plate 1 based on the restoring force from the curved state to the extending direction. Paste. Next, the outer tube 18 is arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the outer cover 16 and is detachably attached via a hook-and-loop fastener 19. Further, the inner tube 20 is attached to a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction inside the outer tube 18, for example, four locations on the upper, lower, left and right sides via hook-and-loop fasteners 19. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B and FIGS. 5A and 5B, air is supplied to the air supply / discharge ports 21 and 27 of the outer tube 18 and the inner tubes 20 through air supply / discharge tubes 22, respectively. A supply / discharge device (not shown) is connected, and at this time, each of the air supply / discharge pipes 22 is in the skin plate 1 to a position where it does not interfere with the assembly of the new segment 5 in the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1. It is arranged so as to be pulled out forward along the inner surface of each. Furthermore, one end of a rope 26 having a required dimension longer than the width of the segment 5 in the front-rear direction is connected to the hole 25 of each connecting member 24 at one side edge in the width direction which is the front side of the outer tube 18. The other end of each rope 26 extends along the inner surface of the skin plate 1 to a position where it does not interfere with the assembly of the new segment 5 in the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 like the air supply / discharge line 22. Each is pulled out forward, and temporarily fixed to, for example, the shield jack 7 or the like.

  When the shape of the segment 5 is held by the segment shape holding device of the present invention, the position closer to the front of the segment 5 in the front row just assembled in a ring shape in the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine The air is injected into the outer tube 18 arranged on the outer peripheral side of the tube and expanded from the state of FIG. 1 (b) to FIG. 1 (c). At this time, since the outer tube 18 extends long in the circumferential direction, for example, the gap formed between the inner circumferential surface of the skin plate 1 and the outer circumferential surface of the segment 5 is not uniform in the circumferential direction. In such a case, even if the outer tube 18 is expanded, the pressure for pressing the front row segment 5 assembled in the ring shape from the outer peripheral side may become uneven in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIG. 6 (a), by appropriately injecting air 17 into the inner tube 20 attached to the inner side of 18 and inflating it as shown in FIG. The offset position is pressed evenly from the outer side in the entire circumferential direction so as to be held in a perfect circle shape. In addition, when injecting the air 17 into the inner tube 20, only a part of the inner tubes 20 can equalize the pressure distribution in the circumferential direction according to the distribution state in the circumferential direction of the pressure pressing the segment 5 from the outer circumferential side. Air 17 may be injected. In the state where the outer tube 18 is expanded as described above, when the air 17 is further injected into the inner tube 20 and expanded, the outer tube 18 is compressed as the inner tube 20 expands. Although the inner pressure of the tube 18 can be increased, the outer tube 18 is provided with a safety valve 23 so as to prevent an excessive increase in the internal pressure. The possibility of breakage of is prevented beforehand.

  When the shape of the segment 5 assembled as described above is maintained, it is then loaded onto a carriage or the like in the same manner as in the prior art and carried into the tunnel to the segment assembly position inside the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1. The segments 5 are lifted one by one by the erector 6, and as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 6 (a), the segment 5 that becomes the bottom of the tunnel is arranged at a predetermined assembly position and is adjacent to the rear side. After bolt connection to the segment 5 in the foremost row assembled in a ring shape, the segment 5 serving as the tunnel side wall and the segment 5 serving as the ceiling are circumferentially adjacent to the segment 5 serving as the bottom of the tunnel. The existing segment 5 adjacent to the rear side while being lifted up by the erector 6 and arranged in a ring shape according to the division position and the number of divisions. And simultaneously bolted, segments 5 which are adjacent in the circumferential direction and bolted, thereby segment 5 is so assembled in a ring shape. At this time, the foremost segment 5 assembled in the ring shape adjacent to the rear side of each segment 5 to be assembled is held in a perfect circle by the segment shape holding device of the present invention. It is possible to easily perform bolting between each segment 5 to be performed and the segment 5 adjacent to the rear side, or between each segment 5 assembled to be adjacent in the circumferential direction.

  When the segment 5 is assembled in a new ring shape as described above, the shield jack 7 is operated while the outer tube 18 and the inner tube 20 are in an expanded state, as shown in FIG. Then, the shield machine is advanced by taking a reaction force on the newly-assembled segment 5 in the ring shape.

  At this time, the frictional force acting between the inner tube 20 and the outer peripheral surface of the segment 5 is larger than the frictional force acting between the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the outer cover 16. Therefore, the segment shape holding device of the present invention described above retains the outer periphery of the segment 5 behind one ring of the segment 5 in the foremost row newly assembled in a ring shape. The skin plate 1 of the shield machine is advanced by the relative displacement between the skin plate 1 and the outer cover 16. For this reason, when the shield machine is advanced, the inner tubes 20 are not slid with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the segment 5.

  Next, the air supply / discharge device discharges the air 17 from the outer tube 18 and each inner tube 20 through the air supply / discharge tube 22 by, for example, evacuating the outer tube 18 and each inner tube 20. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), it is contracted in a flat shape. As a result, the outer tube 18 and the inner tube 20 in the flat state are held inside the outer cover 16 attached along the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1. While pressing from the outer peripheral side of the segment 5 by the tube 20 is released, the outer tube 18 and the inner tubes 20 are separated from the outer peripheral surface of the segment 5.

  Thereafter, the operator pulls the ropes 26 temporarily fixed to the shield jack 7 or the like forward, thereby pulling the outer tube 18 to which one end of each rope 26 is connected to the front side. The outer tube 18 is attached to the outer cover 16 and is handled as a single body. Further, since the inner tube 20 is attached to the outer tube 18, when the outer tube 18 is pulled in the lateral direction, the outer tube 18 is attached. The outer cover 16 and each inner tube 20 together with the outer tube 18 are pulled together forward and arranged at the outer peripheral position near the front of the segment 5 in the front row newly assembled in the above-mentioned ring shape. As shown in FIG. 1 (c), air 17 is injected into the outer tube 18 and the inner tube 20 in the same manner as described above to be expanded. As a result, the portion closer to the front side of the segment 5 in the front row newly assembled in a ring shape is pressed from the outer peripheral side and is held in a perfect circle shape.

  Thereafter, in the same manner as described above, the procedure of assembling a new segment 5 in a ring shape is sequentially repeated on the front side of the segment 5 that is assembled in a ring shape in the front row. As a result, a tunnel extending backward from the inside of the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine is constructed.

  As described above, according to the segment shape holding device of the present invention, when the segment 5 is assembled in a ring shape, the outermost segment 5 adjacent to the rear side already assembled in the ring shape is expanded outside. Since the tube 18 and the inner tube 20 are wrapped from the outer peripheral side so that the shape can be appropriately held in a perfect circle shape, the assembly accuracy at the time of assembling the segments 5 can be increased. Can be easily threaded.

  Further, when the shield shaper is equipped with the segment shape holding device of the present invention, as described above, the outer cover 16 is arranged to stick to the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine using elasticity, Inside, the outer tube 18 and each inner tube 20 may be attached in a detachable manner with a hook-and-loop fastener 19, and therefore no processing is required on the skin plate 1 side of the shield machine. Can be equipped very easily.

  Further, inside the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1, a hook-and-loop fastener member 19b is provided so as to extend over the entire length in the longitudinal direction on the inner side of the outer tube 18 disposed along the outer cover 16 along the entire circumferential direction. Therefore, since the inner tube 20 can be attached at an arbitrary position in the longitudinal direction, the outer tube 18 attached to the outer cover 16 and disposed inside the skin plate 1 together with the outer cover 18. The inner tube 20 can be easily attached to desired locations in the circumferential direction, for example, four locations on the top, bottom, left, and right, regardless of the positions in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, the number of inner tubes 20 attached in the circumferential direction can be freely increased or decreased as necessary.

  Further, since the inner and outer tubes 18 and 20 do not slide on the outer peripheral surface of the segment 5, deterioration due to wear can be suppressed. Further, when the rubber of the outer and inner tubes 18 and 20 is deteriorated or worn out and needs to be replaced, the outer tube 18 and the inner tubes 20 are respectively hook-and-loop fasteners. Since it can be made a single body by peeling 19, the outer and inner tubes 18 and 20 can be easily replaced. The outer cover 16 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 by a restoring force to extend from a curved state, and is fixed to the skin plate 1. Therefore, the outer cover 16 can be easily removed and attached. In addition, since the outer cover 16 is made of resin and is slidable with respect to the skin plate 1, the possibility of wear can be reduced. Therefore, in the segment shape maintaining apparatus of the present invention, maintenance work such as replacement of components can be made very easy.

  Next, FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In the same configuration as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) (b) (c) to FIG. 6 (a) (b) (c), An outer cover 16 and an outer tube 18 are disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 so as to extend almost in the entire circumferential direction, and the inner tubes are disposed at a plurality of required intervals in the circumferential direction inside the outer tube 18. In place of the configuration in which the outer cover 16 and the outer tube 18 are attached to each other, the outer cover 16 and the outer tube 18 each have a length corresponding to the semicircular portion of the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1, and the outer cover 16 It is arranged along the inner side of the upper semicircular part in the part 1a and is attached by elasticity, and the outer tube 18 is detachably attached to the inner side via the hook-and-loop fastener 19 in the same manner as in the above embodiment. , Further , A plurality of locations in the circumferential direction inside the outer tube 18, for example, the top and left and right side portions, and removably mounting configuration via the surface fastener 19 similar inner tube 20 in the above embodiment.

  Other configurations are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B and 6A, 6A, 6B, and 6C, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  According to this embodiment, the skin of the shield machine is used by using the same as the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 (a) (b) (c) to 6 (b) (b) (c). A new segment 5 can be assembled in a ring shape on the front side of the tail 1a of the plate 1 while pressing the upper half circle of the frontmost segment 5 assembled in a ring shape from the outer periphery. .

  In particular, when a tunnel having a relatively small diameter is constructed, the shape of the segment 5 assembled in a ring shape can be held in a substantially circular shape by pressing the upper part from the outside and tightening. Therefore, it is easy to thread the bolt when the new segment 5 is bolted to the front side.

  Therefore, in addition to the same effects as those of the above embodiment, the segment shape holding device of the present embodiment can shorten the lengths of the outer cover 16 and the outer tube 18 and can reduce the number of the inner tubes 20. When applied to a shield machine used for construction of a tunnel having a relatively small diameter, it can be made more advantageous, such as cost reduction.

  Next, FIG. 8 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, which can be applied to the construction of a tunnel having a relatively small diameter. That is, in the same configuration as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) (b) (c) to FIG. 6 (b) (b) (c), an outer tube 18 extending in the entire circumferential direction inside the outer cover 16, and Instead of a configuration in which a plurality of inner tubes 20 arranged at a required interval in the circumferential direction are sequentially detachably attached via hook-and-loop fasteners 19, the inner tubes 20 are arranged at a required interval in the circumferential direction inside the outer cover 16. Are arranged at four locations (upper, lower, left and right in the figure), and the outer surface of each inner tube 20 is detachably attached to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cover 16 via a hook-and-loop fastener 19 directly. It is a thing.

  Therefore, the surface fastener member attached to the outer surface of each inner tube 20 is the other surface fastener member 19b corresponding to one surface fastener member 19a attached to the inner surface of the outer cover 16. . Further, in the segment shape maintaining apparatus of the present embodiment, a rope (not shown) for moving the inner tube 20 into a flat state after exhausting the shield tube machine and then moving it forward is used as the outer cover 16. It is made to tie to the width direction required space | interval position in the width direction one side edge of this, or the width direction one side edge of each inner tube 20. FIG.

  Other configurations are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B and 6A, 6A, 6B, and 6C, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  According to the present embodiment, when the number of segments 5 arranged in the circumferential direction is relatively small, such as when a tunnel having a relatively small diameter is constructed, the tail portion 1a of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine is used. The segments 5 assembled in a ring shape on the inner side are held in a perfect circle shape by being pressed inward from a plurality of directions in which the inner tubes 20 are arranged by the inner tubes 20 to be expanded. Can do.

  Therefore, since the outer tube 18 can be omitted in addition to the same effects as those of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 (a), (b), (c) to FIGS. In addition, the cost can be reduced.

  The present invention is not limited only to the above-described embodiment, and the outer cover 16 is used when the outer cover 16 is arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1 to restore from the curved state to the extending direction. As shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 (a) (b) (c) to 6 (a) (b) (c) and the embodiment of FIG. Even when the inner tube 20 is supported, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the elastic plate 20 has elasticity so that it does not stick to the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1 and fall off. If it is a material, it may be made of an elastic material other than polyethylene. Further, the thickness dimension of the outer cover 16 may be freely set according to the elastic material to be used.

  The inner tube 20 may be attached to a larger number of required intervals than four in the circumferential direction of the segment 5 assembled in a ring shape.

  The constituent members 19a and 19b of the hook-and-loop fastener 19 to which the outer cover 16 and the outer tube 18 are detachably attached are arranged at positions corresponding to each other and arranged so as not to be separated even when the outer tube 18 is expanded. The cover 16 and the outer tube 18 may be provided in any arrangement on the opposing surface portions.

  The member 19b on the outer tube 18 side of the hook-and-loop fastener 19 to which the outer tube 18 and the inner tube 20 are detachably attached is preferably provided over the entire length in the longitudinal direction, but the longitudinal length corresponding to the number of inner tubes 20 to be attached. It may be provided only at a plurality of locations in the direction. In this case, what is necessary is just to adjust the arrangement | positioning of the circumferential direction of the outer tube 18 so that each inner tube 20 may become desired arrangement | positioning.

  As the working fluid for inflating the outer and inner tubes 18 and 20, it is desirable from the viewpoint of cost and the like to use air 17, but other gases and liquids are used as the working fluid. It may be.

  After advancement of the shield machine, the rope 26 for advancing the shape retaining device of the segment of the present invention in the state of being exhausted and flattened from the outer and inner tubes 18 and 20 was pulled manually. Instead of this, it may be mechanically pulled.

  Within the tail part 1a of the skin plate 1, the segment 5 can be applied to a shield machine that is assembled into a ring shape other than a perfect circle, such as an elliptical shape, and the scope of the present invention is not deviated. Of course, various changes can be made.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a segment shape holding device of the present invention, in which (a) is a schematic cut side view showing a state equipped with a shield machine, and (b) is an enlarged view of part A of (a). The figure which shows, (c) is a figure corresponding to (b) which shows the state which expanded each tube of the outer side and the inner side. It is a BB direction arrow directional view of FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an outer cover in the apparatus of FIG. 1, and is a plan view of an inner surface. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an outer tube in the apparatus of FIG. 1, (A) is a plan view of one surface, and (B) is a plan view of the opposite surface. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an inner tube in the apparatus of FIG. 1, (A) is a plan view of an outer surface, and (B) is a plan view of an inner surface. FIG. 1 shows a procedure for using the apparatus of FIG. 1, (a) shows a state in which a new segment is assembled inside the tail portion of the skin plate, and (b) shows a reaction force on a newly assembled segment in a ring shape. (C) is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 (a) showing a state where the shield machine is moved forward and (c) is a state where the shape holding device of the present invention is moved forward. It is a figure corresponding to FIG. 2 which shows the other form of implementation of this invention. It is a figure corresponding to FIG. 2 which shows other form of implementation of this invention. It is a cutting side view showing an outline of an example of a shield machine. It is a schematic front view which shows the apparatus for hold | maintaining the shape of the segment assembled in the ring shape from the inner side. 1 shows a shield machine equipped with a conventionally proposed segment shape holding device of a type that holds the shape of a segment assembled in a ring shape from the outside, (a) is a cut side view, (b) is ( It is a CC direction arrow line view of a). FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of a segment holding body in the segment shape holding device of FIG. 11, in which (a) shows an expansion mat and (b) shows a hydraulic cylinder.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Skin plate 1a Tail part 5 Segment 16 Outer cover 17 Air 18 Outer tube 19 Hook fastener 19a One hook-and-loop fastener member 19b The other hook-and-loop fastener member 20 Inner tube 21 Air supply / exhaust port 23 Safety valve (pressure adjustment valve)
24 coupling member 25 hole 26 rope

Claims (6)

  A sheet-like outer cover made of an elastic material having a required width dimension is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical skin plate of the shield machine so as to be relatively slidable in the axial direction of the skin plate. A plurality of inner tubes which are detachably attached to the inner side surface of the cover so as to be detachable when being evacuated, and which are flattened when being evacuated to the inner side surface of the outer tube. In addition, the outer tube and each inner tube are provided with air supply / exhaust ports, respectively, and the outer tube and each inner tube are expanded on the outer surface of the segment assembled in a ring shape. And holding the assembled segment in an appropriate shape by pressing the assembled segment from the outside.   2. The segment shape holding device according to claim 1, wherein the outer tube has a length that reaches substantially the entire length of the outer cover, and the inner tube has a short block shape and is partially attached to the inner surface of the outer tube.   Provided on the side edge along the longitudinal direction of the outer tube is a connecting member protruding laterally at a required interval in the longitudinal direction, and the outer cover and inner tube together with the outer tube via a rope bound to each connecting member. The shape retaining device for a segment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said device is moved in the axial direction of the skin plate.   4. The segment shape retaining device according to claim 1, wherein a pressure regulating valve is attached to the outer tube.   A sheet-like outer cover made of an elastic material having a required width dimension is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical skin plate of the shield machine so as to be relatively slidable in the axial direction of the skin plate. A plurality of block-shaped inner tubes that are flat when evacuated are attached to the inner surface of the cover in a detachable manner, and an air supply / exhaust port is provided in each inner tube to form a ring. A segment shape holding device characterized in that each of the expanded inner tubes is brought into contact with the outside of the assembled segment, and the assembled segment is pressed from the outside to be held in an appropriate shape.   6. The segment shape holding device according to claim 1, wherein the elastic material of the outer cover is polyethylene.

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