JP2005290664A - Block for retaining wall, and retaining wall using it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a planting part wherein planting can be naturally performed while artificial forced planting is avoided, by making water, discharged from natural ground via a weep hole, discharged to the outside of the retaining wall, without making the water flow to a front surface of the block, in the retaining wall constructed of the block for the retaining wall. <P>SOLUTION: A water passage is provided in a part of a side surface of the block for the retaining wall, and a space, which can serve as the planting part, is provided midway through the water passage, so that the water in soil behind the retaining wall can be discharged to the outside of the retaining wall without passing through the front surface of the block and so that the planting can be performed according to nature. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a retaining wall block and a retaining wall using the same.

  Conventionally, a roadside retaining wall and the like are often constructed by stacking concrete building blocks. In this case, the method of building the retaining wall on the slope of the roadside is to stack the building blocks according to the slope of the slope, and to pour the backfill concrete into the gap between the building block and the ground with the slope. It is out. However, when rainwater penetrates into the ground, the retaining wall and the like may collapse due to an increase in earth pressure.

Therefore, for example, a hole for draining is provided in the stacking block itself (for example, see Patent Document 1), or a hole for draining is provided between the blocks (for example, see Patent Document 2), The earth pressure is prevented from increasing by draining the ground water from this hole.

  On the other hand, the retaining wall made of concrete is very effective for countermeasures against damage such as landslides by forming a solid slope. However, on the other hand, there is a problem that it is not preferable in terms of landscape and ecosystem conservation.

Therefore, a space part (planting part) is provided inside the building block, the soil for planting is filled in the space, and plants are planted there to improve the landscape and preserve the ecosystem. (For example, refer to Patent Document 3). In this case, when more water that is retained in the planting part flows in, a technology that leads to the planting part of the lower block by the drain hole provided at the bottom of the planting part is also developed. (For example, see Patent Document 4)
Japanese Patent No. 3284243 Japanese Patent No. 2958870 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 07-197479 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-257174

  However, if the stacking block itself has a drain hole or a drain hole between the blocks, the water in the soil is discharged to the front of the retaining wall through the drain hole. Since it flows down the block surface, there is a problem that the traces of water passing through become dirty.

On the other hand, in the method of planting by providing a planting part, there is a limit to the amount of water retained in the soil filled in the planting part, when there is no rainfall for a long period of time or high temperature continues However, there is a problem that the plants die and the landscape is unsightly.
In addition, when more water than the water that can be retained flows in, it overflows from the planting part and flows down from the front surface of the block, causing the above-described contamination of the front surface of the block.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The water discharged by the drain hole is discharged outside the retaining wall without flowing through the front surface of the block. Providing a retaining wall having a planting part that can be planted naturally by avoiding artificially forced planting by guiding to the planting part, and a retaining wall block for constructing the retaining wall Let it be an issue.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have provided a water channel in a part of the side surface of the block, and provided a space that can be a planting part in the middle of the water channel. It was found that the water in the soil behind the wall was discharged out of the retaining wall without passing through the front of the block, and planting according to nature became possible, and the present invention was completed.

That is, in the retaining wall block composed of the front wall, the intermediate wall, and the retaining member attached to the intermediate wall, the intermediate wall is configured from the top of the intermediate wall, the front of the intermediate wall, and the rear of the intermediate wall. And a retaining wall block characterized by further comprising a space capable of storing water between the front wall and the intermediate wall (claim 1).
The retaining wall block according to claim 1, further comprising a structure in which water discharged from the natural ground is guided to a space where water can be stored between the front wall and the intermediate wall. 2).
Furthermore, it has a structure in which water overflowing from the space where water can be stored between the front wall and the intermediate wall flows out between the front wall and the intermediate wall in the opposite left-right direction or in a certain direction. The retaining wall block according to claim 1 and claim 2 (claim 3).
Next, a drainage hole is provided in the retaining member, and the drainage hole communicates with a natural mountain, a space portion capable of storing water between the front wall and the intermediate wall. The retaining wall block according to claim 1, claim 2, and claim 3 (claim 4).
The retaining wall block according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 5, wherein the front wall is a cement-based material having a water absorption rate of 2 to 20% or porous concrete. Claim 5).
And in the retaining wall comprised by the block for retaining walls of Claim 1, Claim 2, Claim 3, Claim 4 or Claim 5, from the space part which can store water between a front wall and an intermediate wall Overflowing water flows between the front wall and the intermediate wall in the left-right direction or in a fixed direction, and into the space where water can be stored between the front wall and the intermediate wall of the lower retaining block. It is a retaining wall characterized by having a structure in which the water that has flowed in and surplus flows in the same way and is discharged from the lowest stage to the outside of the retaining wall (Claim 6).
7. The retaining wall according to claim 6, wherein a planting part is installed in a space between the intermediate wall front part of the adjacent retaining wall block and the intermediate wall front part of the retaining wall block. Claim 7).

The retaining wall block and retaining wall according to the present invention are manufactured and constructed by the following method.
[Manufacture of retaining wall blocks]
The method for producing the retaining wall block of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be performed in accordance with a method for producing a normal concrete product.
That is, each material is reduced in weight, put into a mixer and stirred, and then filled into a predetermined mold in which reinforcing bars and the like are arranged, and vibration compaction by pouring or pressurization or pressure vibration compaction is performed. The curing method may be either air curing or steam curing. By removing the mold after curing, the retaining wall block of the present invention can be produced.

[Construction of retaining wall]
The construction of the retaining wall is not particularly limited, and a normal method for constructing a concrete retaining wall may be followed.
In other words, after placing the foundation concrete, the side surfaces of many retaining wall blocks are butted in parallel, and while filling the ground material side of the retaining wall block, the number of steps is piled up and then applied. You only need to cast the top concrete. As a stacking method, any of cloth stacking, valley stacking, etc. may be used.

[Create planting department]
A planting part is comprised from a water-permeable material or a vegetation base. Examples of water permeable materials include water-permeable blocks and meshes made of resin fibers made of vinyl chloride, polyprone, etc., plant fibers made of bagasse, coconut shell fibers, etc. There is. These shapes are not particularly limited, and may be a cloth shape, a rectangular shape, a triangular shape, a T shape, or a spherical shape. Examples of the vegetation base include a block made of porous concrete filled with fertilizer or the like, or a block of pearlite mixed with fertilizer or the like. These shapes are not particularly limited, and may be rectangular, triangular, T-shaped, or spherical.
Creating a planting part by installing these water-permeable materials or vegetation bases in the space between the intermediate wall front part of the adjacent retaining wall block and the intermediate wall front part of the retaining wall block Can do. The installation method is not particularly limited, and may be fixed using an auxiliary tool, may be fitted into the space, may be adhered to the retaining wall block with an adhesive, or the like, or T-shaped. You may just hook a shape, and you may install so that the intermediate wall front part of the block for adjacent retaining walls and the intermediate wall front part of the retaining wall block may be straddled.

Conventionally, a retaining wall constructed by a stacking block has a drainage hole on the front surface of the stacking block. Therefore, the drainage hole is not only scattered on the entire retaining wall, but also the landscape is damaged. The trace of the water in the soil behind the retaining wall discharged from the hole passing through the surface of the stacking block was dirty and dirty, giving further discomfort.
In addition, in the case of a retaining wall with a building block provided with a planting part, forcibly planting without considering the limitation of the amount of water retained by the soil filled in the planting part or when there has been no rainfall for a long period of time In some cases, the plant may die due to the above-mentioned drying or the like, and in this case, the dead plant exists as it is.

According to the retaining wall block of the present invention, since the water wall is formed on the side surface of the retaining wall block, the front surface of the retaining wall block is not stained by the passage of water, Since it is configured so that planting is possible only when the conditions are met, an extremely good landscape can be provided without causing death due to excessive planting.
Furthermore, when the retaining wall block surface is decorated with artificial stones, or when the surface is decorated so as to bring about design, the above water marks do not cause dirt, so that a good landscape can be maintained. .

Hereinafter, an example of a retaining wall block according to the present invention and a retaining wall constructed by the retaining wall block will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is a front view of an example of a retaining wall block of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the retaining wall block of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a side view of the retaining wall block of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the retaining wall block taken along line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the retaining wall block in FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the retaining wall block in FIG. FIG. 8 is a perspective view when the front wall of the retaining wall block of FIG. 1 is removed, and FIG. 9 is an example of a retaining wall constructed using the retaining wall block of FIG. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the retaining wall of FIG. 9, FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the retaining wall of FIG. 9, and FIG. 12 is a retaining wall block showing still another example of the retaining wall block of the present invention. 13 is a perspective view from behind the retaining wall block of FIG. 12, FIG. 14 is a sectional view of the retaining wall block of FIG. 12, and FIG. 15 is a sectional view of the retaining wall block of FIG. Is a perspective view showing one example and around the retaining wall constructed in this household. FIG. 16 is a partially enlarged view in the vicinity of the planting part installation part of FIG. 9.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 and 12 to 14, the retaining wall block 1 of the present invention has a front wall 2 having a front surface that becomes an exposed surface after the construction of the retaining wall block, and a rear surface of the front wall 2. It is a retaining wall block composed of an intermediate wall 3 provided on the side and a retaining member 4 attached to the back side of the intermediate wall 3.

  The front wall 2 may have the same horizontal width as the intermediate wall rear portion 3c or a slightly smaller width. However, when the retaining wall is curved to the front side, a slightly smaller width is preferable because it is easier to construct.

  In addition, the front surface (front surface) of the front wall 2 is provided with undulations having a plurality of geometric shapes, colored with pigments, natural stones and artificial stones to improve the appearance of the retaining wall block. These may be arranged in combination, or a plurality of these may be combined. An example in which undulations having a geometric shape are provided is shown in FIGS. Furthermore, all or part of the front wall 2 may be made of a cement-based material having a high water absorption rate (for example, a cement-based material having a water absorption rate of 2 to 20%) or porous concrete.

  The intermediate wall 3 includes an intermediate wall rear part 3c, an intermediate wall front part 3b, and an intermediate wall front part top part 3a. The intermediate wall front portion 3b is configured to be smaller than the intermediate wall rear portion 3c. And the intermediate wall front part top part 3a which comprises substantially trapezoid shape is provided in the both ends of the upper part of the intermediate wall front part 3b. The shape of the intermediate wall front portion top portion 3a may be any shape, but the shapes of the intermediate wall front portion top portions 3a at both ends are preferably the same. Moreover, the height of the intermediate wall front part top part 3a is comprised so that it may become lower than the height of the intermediate wall rear part 3c. Such a configuration is a space surrounded by the intermediate wall rear portion 3c, the intermediate wall front portion 3b, the two intermediate wall front portion top portions 3a positioned above the intermediate wall front portion 3b, and the front wall 2. This is to form the space portion 5 that can store water.

  With such a configuration, the water discharged from the notch 6 of the upper retaining wall block 1 or the water flowing from the upper drain pipe 9 can be stored in the lower retaining wall block 1. Water is stored in part 5. And the water more than the capacity | capacitance of the space part 5 which can store this water passes the upper part of the intermediate wall front part top part 3a of both ends, is discharged | emitted by the left-right direction of the retaining wall block 1, and also the adjacent retaining wall block It is led to the water path 8 provided between them. As a result, water can be stored in the space portion 5 where the water can be stored, and water that exceeds the capacity of the space portion 5 where the water can be stored does not flow down the surface of the retaining wall block 1.

  Further, when the water discharged from the natural ground or the water flowing from the upper drain pipe 9 is guided only in a certain direction without being discharged in the horizontal direction of the retaining wall block 1, the intermediate wall front portion 3b Identified by changing the height of the two intermediate wall front tops 3a installed at the top or by using one intermediate wall front top 3a installed at the top of the intermediate wall front 3b Water can be induced in the direction.

The intermediate wall rear portion 3c is provided with a notch 6 for communicating with the drain pipe 9. The position and number of the notches 6 may be arbitrary. For example, the drain pipe 9 may be directly connected to the notch 6 from the soil behind the intermediate wall 3, or the drain pipe 9 may be connected to the notch 6 through the holding member 4. When the drainage pipe 9 is passed through the holding member 4, if the drainage pipe 9 is embedded in advance when the retaining wall block is manufactured, the work of installing the drainage pipe 9 during construction can be saved. is there.
Further, when the number of the retaining members 4 is one and the drain pipe 9 is passed through the upper portion of the retaining member 4, the notch 6 is not necessary.

The upper surface of the intermediate wall rear portion 3c is provided with a connecting convex portion 3d for connecting the retaining wall blocks 1 in the vertical direction. The shape of the connecting convex portion 3d may be any shape, but is preferably a substantially truncated cone shape. The number of connecting projections 3d may be arbitrary, and may be one or more.
Corresponding to the connecting convex portions 3d, a corresponding number of concave portions having shapes that can be mated with the connecting convex portions 3d are provided on the lower surface of the intermediate wall rear portion 3c. This eliminates the need for alignment, so that the work of constructing the retaining wall can be easily and quickly performed, and prevents the retaining wall block 1 from being displaced in the front-rear and left-right directions when stacked. Therefore, the structure of the retaining wall can be strengthened.

The upper surface and the lower surface of the intermediate wall rear portion 3c are formed in a planar shape except for the connecting concave portion and the convex portion. As a result, the intermediate walls 3 in the vertical direction can be connected in a stable state.
On the other hand, both side surfaces of the intermediate wall rear portion 3c are formed so that the cut surfaces are substantially semicircular curved surfaces. Accordingly, even when a retaining wall surface having a curvature is constructed, adjacent retaining wall blocks 1 can be smoothly connected to each other. In the case of constructing a flat retaining wall, the side surfaces of the intermediate wall rear portion 3c may be straight without having a curved surface.

  The holding member 4 is provided on the back side (natural ground side) of the intermediate wall 3. The number of the retaining members 4 may be one or plural. The shape of the holding member 4 may be any shape, but a shape having a large pull-out resistance with respect to the casing material is preferable. Further, the drainage pipe 9 may be embedded in the holding member 4 in advance when the retaining wall block 1 is manufactured. An example of the case where the drain pipe 9 is embedded in the upper part of the holding member 4 is shown in FIGS.

  The retaining wall block 1 according to the present invention described above may be manufactured by integral molding, or the front wall 2, the intermediate wall 3, the retaining member 4, etc. are individually molded and then connected by an arbitrary method. Individual retaining wall blocks 1 may be manufactured.

  The space 5 capable of storing water is a space surrounded by the intermediate wall rear portion 3c, the intermediate wall front portion 3b, the two intermediate wall front top portions 3a positioned above the intermediate wall front portion 3b, and the front wall 2. Consists of. In the space 5 where water can be stored, water discharged from the notch 6 of the upper retaining wall block 1 or water flowing from the drain pipe 9 when installed in the upper part of the holding member 4 can be stored. it can.

  The stored water is used for planting and temperature reduction. That is, soil, dust, seeds, spores, etc. come into the space 5 where water can be stored and germination is possible when the temperature conditions are met, and greening with plants, moss, etc. will start naturally. Moreover, if the front wall 2 is made of porous concrete, the water stored in the space portion 5 in which water can be stored gradually oozes out to the surface of the porous concrete front wall 2 through continuous voids in the porous concrete. The retaining wall block surface can be maintained in a wet state, and by maintaining this wet state, it is possible to provide an environment in which moss and the like can be easily settled and grown.

Moreover, if the front wall 2 is made of porous concrete, the water stored in the space portion 5 in which water can be stored gradually oozes out to the surface of the porous concrete front wall 2 through continuous voids in the porous concrete. It will evaporate. Due to this transpiration, the temperature of the retaining wall block 1 and the surroundings of the retaining wall can be lowered.
In order to keep such a retaining wall block surface in a wet state, all or part of the material of the front wall 2 may be manufactured using a cement-based material or porous concrete having a high water absorption rate.

  The notch 6 is a portion to which the end of the drain pipe 9 for discharging the water in the soil behind the natural ground is connected. The notch 6 is provided at the lower end of the intermediate wall rear portion 3c of the intermediate wall 3 of the retaining wall block 1, and the drainage pipe 9 is embedded in the holding member 4 although the position at the lower end is arbitrary. If the drainage pipe 9 is not embedded in the retaining member 4, it may be positioned on the vertical line in the middle of the water storage space 5. preferable.

  The planting part 16 can be provided between the intermediate wall front parts 3b of the adjacent retaining wall blocks 1. This planting part 16 can be comprised with a water-permeable material or a vegetation base. The method of fixing the water permeable material or the vegetation base between the intermediate wall front portions 3b of the adjacent retaining wall blocks 1 is not particularly limited, and may be fixed using, for example, various auxiliary tools. Alternatively, the water-permeable material or the vegetation base itself may be installed so as to be placed on the shoulders of the front top portion 3a of the intermediate wall of the adjacent retaining wall block 1. With this configuration, the planting unit 16 is located on the water path 8, so that water passing through the water path 8 is supplied to the planting unit 16, and excess water is supplied to the planting unit 16. Will pass through the waterway 8 and will flow down. Soil, dust, seeds, spores, etc. come to the planting part 16 and germination becomes possible if the temperature conditions are met, and greening with plants, moss, etc. will be started naturally. In addition, seeds, spores and the like may be fixed in advance on a water-permeable material or a vegetation base. Since the planting part 16 has water permeability, excess water is discharged out of the system of the planting part 16, so that root rot and the like are not caused.

  Next, a method for constructing a retaining wall using the retaining wall block 1 of the present invention will be described. First, the foundation concrete 14 part for laying the retaining wall block 1 is constructed. Next, the first-stage retaining wall block 1 is laid on the foundation concrete 14. After that, the backfill material is filled in the space between the first-stage retaining wall block 1 and the back slope to the vicinity of the upper end of the first-stage retaining wall block 1. Next, when the second-stage retaining wall blocks 1 are stacked, the drainage having an appropriate length at a position that is presumed to match the position of the notch 6 of the second-stage retaining wall block 1 After the pipe is buried in the ground, the exposed end of the drain pipe is inserted into the notch 6 of the second-stage retaining wall block 1 to an appropriate depth, and the second-stage retaining wall block 1 The connecting concave portion is fitted to the connecting convex portion 3 d of the first-stage retaining wall block 1, and the second-stage retaining wall block 1 is stacked on the first-stage retaining wall block 1. At this time, the second-stage retaining wall block 1 may be installed so as to be shifted from the first-stage retaining wall block 1 in the left-right direction by half. After loading the second-stage retaining wall block 1, back to the vicinity of the upper end of the second-stage retaining wall block 1 in the gap between the second-stage retaining wall block 1 and the rear slope. Fill with filling material. Then, the same work is sequentially repeated, and the upper wall of the last-stage retaining wall block 1 is covered with the top concrete 11 to complete the retaining wall.

In the case of a retaining wall constructed by shifting the retaining wall block by half in the left-right direction, the water in the soil behind the retaining wall is provided on the intermediate wall front portion 3b of the retaining wall block 1 through the drain pipe 9. The drained water is discharged through the notch 6 and the discharged water is stored in the water storage space 5 of the lower retaining wall block 1, and the water overflowing from the water storage space 5 is intermediate between both ends. A space 5 that can pass through the upper part of the front top 3a of the wall, is discharged in the left-right direction of the retaining wall block 1, and can be stored through the water channel 8 between the retaining wall blocks 1 adjacent to each other. It flows down. Thereafter, it flows in the same manner, and finally drains into the drainage groove 10 provided in the front surface of the lower part of the retaining wall through the notch 6 provided in the intermediate wall front part 3b of the lowermost retaining wall block 1.

It is a front view which shows an example of the block for retaining walls of this invention. It is a top view of the block for retaining walls of FIG. It is a side view of the block for retaining walls of FIG. It is a rear view of the block for retaining walls of FIG. It is AA sectional drawing of the block for retaining walls of FIG. It is a perspective view of the block for retaining walls of FIG. It is a perspective view from the back of the block for retaining walls of FIG. It is a perspective view when the front wall of the block for retaining walls of FIG. 1 is removed. It is a front view which shows an example of the retaining wall constructed | assembled using the block for retaining walls of FIG. 1, and its periphery. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the retaining wall of FIG. 9. It is sectional drawing of the retaining wall of FIG. It is a perspective view of the block for retaining walls which shows the further another example of the block for retaining walls of this invention. It is a perspective view from the back of the block for retaining walls of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the block for retaining walls of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the retaining wall constructed | assembled using the block for retaining walls of FIG. 12, and its periphery. It is the elements on larger scale near the planting part installation part of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Retaining wall block 2 Front wall 3 Middle wall 3a Middle wall front top 3b Middle wall front 3c Middle wall rear 3d Connection convex part 4 Retaining member 5 Space where water can be stored 6 Notch 7 Water path 8 Water path 9 Water Drained pipe 10 Drainage groove 11 Top-end concrete 12 Back-filled gravel 13 Trunk concrete 14 Foundation concrete 15 Impermeable layer 16 Planting part

Claims (7)

In the retaining wall block composed of the front wall, the intermediate wall, and the retaining member attached to the intermediate wall, the intermediate wall is configured from the top of the intermediate wall, the front of the intermediate wall, and the rear of the intermediate wall, The retaining wall block further comprises a space capable of storing water between the front wall and the intermediate wall. 2. The retaining wall block according to claim 1, wherein the retaining wall block has a structure in which water discharged from the natural ground is guided to a space capable of storing water between the front wall and the intermediate wall. The structure is characterized in that the water overflowing from the space where water can be stored between the front wall and the intermediate wall flows out in the opposite left-right direction or in a certain direction through the space between the front wall and the intermediate wall. The retaining wall block according to claim 1. A drainage hole is provided in the holding member, and the drainage hole communicates with a natural space, a space capable of storing water between the front wall and the intermediate wall. The retaining wall block according to claim 2 and claim 3. The retaining wall block according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the front wall is a cement-based material having a water absorption rate of 2 to 20% or porous concrete. 6. A retaining wall comprising the retaining wall block according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4 or claim 5, and overflowing from a space capable of storing water between the front wall and the intermediate wall. Flowed through the space between the front wall and the intermediate wall in opposite directions, or in a certain direction, and into the space where water can be stored between the front wall and the intermediate wall of the lower retaining wall block. Furthermore, the retaining wall is characterized in that the surplus water sequentially flows in the same manner and is discharged from the bottom stage to the outside of the retaining wall. The retaining wall according to claim 6, wherein a planting part is installed in a space between an intermediate wall front part of adjacent retaining wall blocks and an intermediate wall front part of the retaining wall block.

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