JP2005279545A - Photocatalyst - Google Patents

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JP2005279545A
JP2005279545A JP2004099937A JP2004099937A JP2005279545A JP 2005279545 A JP2005279545 A JP 2005279545A JP 2004099937 A JP2004099937 A JP 2004099937A JP 2004099937 A JP2004099937 A JP 2004099937A JP 2005279545 A JP2005279545 A JP 2005279545A
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photocatalyst
composition
visible light
tio
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JP3933640B2 (en
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Yasuo Shibazaki
靖雄 芝崎
Naoyuki Takeda
直行 竹田
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CERAMIC KENZAI GIJUTSU KENKYU KUMIAI
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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CERAMIC KENZAI GIJUTSU KENKYU KUMIAI
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a photocatalyst that exerts photocatalytic action under visible light for a long period of time. <P>SOLUTION: The photocatalyst comprises a complex oxide represented by Zn<SB>1+0.5x</SB>Fe<SB>2-x</SB>Ti<SB>0.5x</SB>O<SB>4</SB>(0≤x≤2), wherein x preferably ranges from 0.7 to 1.3 and is particularly approximately 1.0. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、酸化亜鉛、酸化チタン及び酸化鉄の複合酸化物よりなる光触媒に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a photocatalyst comprising a composite oxide of zinc oxide, titanium oxide and iron oxide.

酸化チタンの光触媒活性は周知である。また、この酸化チタンの光触媒特性は紫外光領域(波長約380nm以下)で発揮されるため、可視光領域でも光触媒特性が発現するための研究も種々なされている(例えば特開平9−262482号公報、特開2001−205103号公報、特許第3215698号)。
特開平9−262482号公報 特開2001−205103号公報 特許第3215698号
The photocatalytic activity of titanium oxide is well known. Further, since the photocatalytic properties of this titanium oxide are exhibited in the ultraviolet light region (wavelength of about 380 nm or less), various studies have been conducted to develop the photocatalytic properties even in the visible light region (for example, JP-A-9-262482). JP 2001-205103 A, Japanese Patent No. 3215698).
JP-A-9-262482 JP 2001-205103 A Japanese Patent No. 3215698

特開平9−262482号では、触媒活性の高いアナターゼ型TiOにCr,V等の金属元素をイオン注入して可視光での動作を可能にしているが、イオン注入には装置が大規模になり高価であるという問題点がある。 In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-262482, a metal element such as Cr or V is ion-implanted into anatase-type TiO 2 having high catalytic activity to enable operation with visible light. There is a problem that it is expensive.

特許第3215698号ではTiOの酸素に欠損を作ることにより、また、特開2001−205103号では酸素の一部を窒素や硫黄で置換することにより、それぞれ可視光での動作を可能にしているが、多くの酸素欠損を形成しているため、不安定な結晶構造をとりやすく光触媒作用を長期間にわたって持続させることは難しい。 In Japanese Patent No. 3215698, a deficiency is formed in oxygen of TiO 2 , and in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-205103, a part of oxygen is replaced with nitrogen or sulfur to enable operation with visible light. However, since many oxygen vacancies are formed, it is easy to form an unstable crystal structure, and it is difficult to maintain the photocatalytic action over a long period of time.

本発明は、可視光下での光触媒作用を長期間にわたって発揮する光触媒を提供することを目的とする。   An object of this invention is to provide the photocatalyst which exhibits the photocatalytic action under visible light over a long period of time.

本発明(請求項1)の光触媒は、Zn1+0.5xFe2−xTi0.5x(0≦x≦2)で表される複合酸化物よりなることを特徴とするものである。 The photocatalyst of the present invention (Claim 1) is characterized by comprising a composite oxide represented by Zn 1 + 0.5x Fe 2-x Ti 0.5x O 4 (0 ≦ x ≦ 2).

請求項2の光触媒は、請求項1において、xが0.7〜1.3であることを特徴とするものである。   The photocatalyst according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in claim 1, x is 0.7 to 1.3.

請求項3の光触媒は、請求項1又は2において、上記組成範囲の共沈殿物の少なくとも一部を結晶化させることにより製造されたものであることを特徴とするものである。   A photocatalyst according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in claim 1 or 2, the photocatalyst is produced by crystallizing at least a part of the coprecipitate having the above composition range.

本発明の光触媒も含めて、一般に光触媒は、半導体バンドギャップ以上のエネルギーを吸収すると、電子と正孔を生成しこれらがそれぞれ還元反応、酸化反応を行う。この生成した電子や正孔に、水や酸素などが反応することによってヒドロキシラジカルやスーパーオキサイドアニオン等の活性酸素が生成し、これら活性酸素がVOC、悪臭ガスなどの分解を行う。種々の研究の結果、本発明の光触媒は、可視光下において上記の光触媒作用を発揮することが認められた。本発明の光触媒は、その組成に特徴を有するものであり、酸素欠損ではなくこの組成を有する複合酸化物によって光触媒作用を発揮するため、経時的な特性低下がなく、長期にわたり、可視光下でも十分な光触媒作用を発揮する。   In general, including the photocatalyst of the present invention, when the photocatalyst absorbs energy exceeding the semiconductor band gap, it generates electrons and holes, and these undergo a reduction reaction and an oxidation reaction, respectively. By reacting the generated electrons and holes with water, oxygen, etc., active oxygen such as hydroxy radicals and superoxide anion is generated, and these active oxygen decomposes VOC, malodorous gas and the like. As a result of various studies, it was confirmed that the photocatalyst of the present invention exerts the above-mentioned photocatalytic action under visible light. The photocatalyst of the present invention is characterized by its composition, and exhibits a photocatalytic action by a composite oxide having this composition rather than oxygen deficiency. Exhibits sufficient photocatalytic activity.

なお、本発明の光触媒は、上記組成範囲の共沈物の少なくとも一部を結晶化させることにより製造されたものが好ましく、これにより、比表面積の大きな光触媒が得られるため重量あたりの性能が非常に優れたものとなる。また、100℃付近からの低温合成が可能であるため、低エネルギー、低コストで合成することができる。   The photocatalyst of the present invention is preferably produced by crystallizing at least a part of the coprecipitate having the above composition range, and thus a photocatalyst having a large specific surface area can be obtained, so that the performance per weight is extremely high. It will be excellent. Moreover, since low temperature synthesis is possible from around 100 ° C., synthesis can be performed with low energy and low cost.

本発明の光触媒を構成する複合酸化物の組成は、前記の通り、Zn1+0.5xFe2−xTi0.5x(0≦x≦2)で表わされる。種々の実験の結果、x=0のZnFeからx=2のZnTiOの全域において、可視光下でも十分な光触媒作用が奏されることが認められたが、中でもxが0.7〜1.3特に0.8〜1.2とりわけ約1である場合に著しく優れた光触媒作用が奏されることが認められた。 As described above, the composition of the complex oxide constituting the photocatalyst of the present invention is represented by Zn 1 + 0.5x Fe 2-x Ti 0.5x O 4 (0 ≦ x ≦ 2). As a result of various experiments, it was confirmed that sufficient photocatalytic action was exhibited under visible light in the entire region from ZnFe 2 O 4 with x = 0 to Zn 2 TiO 4 with x = 2. It was found that a remarkably excellent photocatalytic effect was exhibited when the ratio was 0.7 to 1.3, particularly 0.8 to 1.2, especially about 1.

本発明の光触媒を製造するには、TiO、ZnO及びFeOを目的とする割合にて混合・粉砕し、必要に応じ成形した後、焼成すればよい。 In order to produce the photocatalyst of the present invention, TiO 2 , ZnO and FeO may be mixed and pulverized at a desired ratio, formed as necessary, and fired.

特に本発明を限定するものではないが、混合、粉砕はエタノール等の溶媒を用いて湿式方式にて行うのが好適である。また、混合、粉砕後は、プレス成形し、その後の焼成工程での焼結を促進するのが好適である。焼成雰囲気は大気が好適であり、焼成温度は1100〜1250℃程度が好適である。   Although the present invention is not particularly limited, mixing and pulverization are preferably performed by a wet method using a solvent such as ethanol. Further, after mixing and pulverization, it is preferable to press-mold and promote sintering in the subsequent firing step. The firing atmosphere is preferably air, and the firing temperature is preferably about 1100 to 1250 ° C.

焼成後は、そのまま光触媒として用いてもよく、粉砕して光触媒粉体又は粒体として用いてもよい。   After firing, it may be used as it is as a photocatalyst, or may be pulverized and used as a photocatalyst powder or granules.

本発明の光触媒は、上記組成の複合酸化物よりなるものであるが、光触媒作用を損なわない限り、他の金属酸化物や金属成分を含んでもよい。また、光触媒の焼結体ないし粒子の表面に金属や金属酸化物のコーティングや担持処理が施されていてもよい。   The photocatalyst of the present invention comprises a composite oxide having the above composition, but may contain other metal oxides and metal components as long as the photocatalytic action is not impaired. Further, the surface of the sintered body or particles of the photocatalyst may be subjected to a coating or supporting treatment with a metal or metal oxide.

なお、焼結体及び共沈殿物を熟成したものの結晶構造はx=0〜2のいずれにおいても、スピネル構造を有する単結晶又は固溶体である。   The crystal structure of the sintered body and the coprecipitate is a single crystal or a solid solution having a spinel structure in any of x = 0 to 2.

以下、実施例及び比較例について説明する。   Hereinafter, examples and comparative examples will be described.

実施例1〜5
Zn1+0.5xFe2−xTi0.5xにおいて、x=0、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0としたZnFe、Zn1.25Fe1.5Ti0.25、Zn1.5FeTi0.5、Zn1.75Fe0.5Ti0.75及びZnTiOをそれぞれ次のようにして製造した。即ち、試薬特級のZnO、TiO及びFeを上記比率となるように秤量し、エタノール中で混練し、乾燥後プレスによりペレットを作成した。これを空気中蒸気圧下で電気炉で1200℃、24時間焼成した。焼成終了後、乳鉢で粉砕しサンプルとした。
Examples 1-5
In Zn 1 + 0.5x Fe 2-x Ti 0.5x O 4 , ZnFe 2 O 4 , Zn 1.25 Fe 1.5 with x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 , 2.0 Ti 0.25 O 4 , Zn 1.5 FeTi 0.5 O 4 , Zn 1.75 Fe 0.5 Ti 0.75 O 4 and Zn 2 TiO 4 were produced as follows. That is, reagent-grade ZnO, TiO 2 and Fe 2 O 3 were weighed so as to have the above ratio, kneaded in ethanol, dried, and pressed to form pellets. This was fired at 1200 ° C. for 24 hours in an electric furnace under vapor pressure in the air. After firing, the sample was pulverized in a mortar.

各サンプルについて紫外可視吸収スペクトルの測定を行った結果、400nm以上の可視光の吸収が確認された。   As a result of measuring the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum for each sample, absorption of visible light of 400 nm or more was confirmed.

また、各サンプルの触媒活性について次のようにして評価した。即ち、各サンプル0.5gをそれぞれガラス板に付着させた。各ガラス板をそれぞれアセトアルデヒド濃度500ppmの3リットルの密閉容器内中に配置した。このとき、密閉容器は遮光された状態とし、アセトアルデヒド濃度500ppmで吸着飽和するまでガス交換を行った。吸着飽和に達した後、蛍光灯(20W)の波長400nm未満の光をカットし、400nm以上の光のみを該ガラス板に24時間照射し、容器中のアセトアルデヒド濃度を測定し、アセトアルデヒドの除去率を測定した。除去率はサンプル比表面積当たりの数値で示した。   Further, the catalytic activity of each sample was evaluated as follows. That is, 0.5 g of each sample was adhered to the glass plate. Each glass plate was placed in a 3 liter sealed container with an acetaldehyde concentration of 500 ppm. At this time, the sealed container was shielded from light, and gas exchange was performed until adsorption saturation occurred at an acetaldehyde concentration of 500 ppm. After reaching adsorption saturation, the light with a wavelength of less than 400 nm from a fluorescent lamp (20 W) is cut, the glass plate is irradiated only with light of 400 nm or more for 24 hours, the acetaldehyde concentration in the container is measured, and the removal rate of acetaldehyde Was measured. The removal rate was shown as a numerical value per specific surface area of the sample.

なお、参考のために、市販の酸化チタン系光触媒についても同様の評価を行った。結果は次の通りである。   For reference, the same evaluation was performed for a commercially available titanium oxide photocatalyst. The results are as follows.

Figure 2005279545
Figure 2005279545

比較例1〜4
下記組成となるように原料調合を行った他は同様にして製造したZnO−TiO−FeO系複合酸化物粉体について、上記と同一のアセトアルデヒド除去性能評価を行った。結果は次の通りである。
Comparative Examples 1-4
The same acetaldehyde removal performance evaluation as described above was performed on the ZnO—TiO 2 —FeO-based composite oxide powder produced in the same manner except that the raw materials were prepared to have the following composition. The results are as follows.

なお、この比較例1〜4の組成と、Zn1+0.5xFe2−xTi0.5x(0≦x≦2)の組成とをZnO−TiO−FeO三元組成図(図1)に示す。 Incidentally, the composition of this comparative example 1~4, Zn 1 + 0.5x Fe 2 -x Ti 0.5x O 4 (0 ≦ x ≦ 2) ZnO-TiO 2 -FeO ternary composition diagram of the composition of (1 ).

Figure 2005279545
Figure 2005279545

実施例6
Zn1+0.5xFe2−xTi0.5xにおいて、x=1.0としたZn1.5FeTi0.5を次のようにして製造した。即ち、試薬特級のZnSO・7HO、Ti(SO溶液及びFeSO・7HOを上記比率となるように秤量し、1mol/l水溶液に調製した後、混合した。この溶液を0.03mol/lNaOH水溶液中に滴下し沈殿物を製造した。このとき溶液量は1:100とした。製造した沈殿物を蒸留水で水洗した後、蒸留水中に分散し、pHを約8.5に調製したものを100℃、12時間熟成した。熟成後、沈殿物を水洗し100℃で乾燥した。焼成終了後、乳鉢で粉砕しサンプルとした。上記と同一のアセトアルデヒド除去性能評価を行った。結果は次の通りである。
Example 6
In Zn 1 + 0.5x Fe 2-x Ti 0.5x O 4 , Zn 1.5 Fe 2 Ti 0.5 O 4 with x = 1.0 was produced as follows. That is, reagent-grade ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O, Ti (SO 4 ) 2 solution and FeSO 4 · 7H 2 O were weighed so as to have the above ratios, prepared to a 1 mol / l aqueous solution, and then mixed. This solution was dropped into a 0.03 mol / l NaOH aqueous solution to produce a precipitate. At this time, the amount of the solution was 1: 100. The produced precipitate was washed with distilled water, then dispersed in distilled water, and a pH adjusted to about 8.5 was aged at 100 ° C. for 12 hours. After aging, the precipitate was washed with water and dried at 100 ° C. After firing, the sample was pulverized in a mortar. The same acetaldehyde removal performance evaluation as described above was performed. The results are as follows.

Figure 2005279545
Figure 2005279545

以上の実施例と比較例の実験結果から明らかな通り、本発明の光触媒は、可視光下での光触媒特性に優れる。   As is clear from the experimental results of the above examples and comparative examples, the photocatalyst of the present invention is excellent in photocatalytic properties under visible light.

本発明組成(実線で示す)及び比較例組成を示す組成図である。It is a composition figure which shows this invention composition (it shows with a continuous line) and a comparative example composition.

Claims (3)

Zn1+0.5xFe2−xTi0.5x(0≦x≦2)で表される複合酸化物よりなることを特徴とする光触媒。 A photocatalyst comprising a composite oxide represented by Zn 1 + 0.5x Fe 2-x Ti 0.5x O 4 (0 ≦ x ≦ 2). 請求項1において、xが0.7〜1.3であることを特徴とする光触媒。   The photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein x is 0.7 to 1.3. 請求項1又は2において、上記組成範囲の共沈殿物の少なくとも一部を結晶化させることにより製造されたものであることを特徴とする光触媒。   3. The photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the photocatalyst is produced by crystallizing at least a part of the coprecipitate having the above composition range.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100357021C (en) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-26 北京科技大学 Process of preparing photocatalyst material with concentrated ilmenite
JP2009034584A (en) * 2007-07-31 2009-02-19 Univ Of Tokyo Photocatalytic material
JP2010046604A (en) * 2008-08-21 2010-03-04 Utsunomiya Univ Photocatalyst, method for producing hydrogen and method for decomposing organic matter
JP2010275145A (en) * 2009-05-28 2010-12-09 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology Visible light-responsive composition and photoelectrode, photocatalyst and optical sensor using the visible light-responsive composition
JP2015059049A (en) * 2013-09-17 2015-03-30 株式会社豊田中央研究所 Semiconductor material, photo-electrode material, photocatalyst material, and method of producing semiconductor material

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100357021C (en) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-26 北京科技大学 Process of preparing photocatalyst material with concentrated ilmenite
JP2009034584A (en) * 2007-07-31 2009-02-19 Univ Of Tokyo Photocatalytic material
JP2010046604A (en) * 2008-08-21 2010-03-04 Utsunomiya Univ Photocatalyst, method for producing hydrogen and method for decomposing organic matter
JP2010275145A (en) * 2009-05-28 2010-12-09 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology Visible light-responsive composition and photoelectrode, photocatalyst and optical sensor using the visible light-responsive composition
JP2015059049A (en) * 2013-09-17 2015-03-30 株式会社豊田中央研究所 Semiconductor material, photo-electrode material, photocatalyst material, and method of producing semiconductor material

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