JP2005278556A - Planter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a planter capable of simply performing a water cultural planting by utilizing a generally marketed water storage vessel, and without having a fear of leakage of water from its bottom part on the process of moving. <P>SOLUTION: This planter is constituted by partitioning the inside of the water storage vessel 11 into a soil-loading part 14 and water-storage part 15 in vertical depth direction by a porous partitioning plate 13 having ventilation holes 12, providing a pipe-insertion hole 16 above the water storage part 15 and joining a water-discharging pipe 17 continuing to the bottom side of the water storage part with the pipe-insertion hole 16. It is preferable for the planter to have a distance (depth d) of ≥40 mm from the lower side 18 of peripheral edge of the pipe insertion hole to the bottom surface of the water storage part, a distance (height t) of ≤40 mm from the lower side 18 of the peripheral edge of the pipe insertion hole to the upper surface of the partitioning plate 13, a difference (e) of ≥20 mm between a distance from the partitioning plate 13 to the lower side 18 of the peripheral edge of the pipe insertion hole and a distance from the partitioning plate 13 to the tip end 19 of a drain pipe and a depth (h) of the soil-loading part of ≥30 mm from the partitioning plate 13 to the upper end 20 of the water storage vessel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a planter useful for hydroponic planting such as hydroponics, bottom irrigation, and bottom moistening.

The present inventor has developed a hydroponic planting method using a yarn bundle of yarns as a planting material to replace soil, as Japanese Patent Application Nos. 7-291705, 7-291706, and Japanese Patent Application No. 8-188903. This is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Nos. 9-111907, 10-112766, and 11-212274 (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This hydroponic planting method involves submerging the underside of the vertically elongated yarn bundle in water and sowing seeds on the upper end of the yarn bundle protruding from the water surface, or planting with seedlings. The roots are taken down along the yarn, and the roots grow in the water. In the hydroponic planting method using this yarn bundle, soil is not always necessary, but it is because it has a trace amount component that promotes plant growth, or soil that is effective for plant growth. Even if it is not clear why it has fungus, the plant grows vigorously if a little soil is placed on the top of the thread bundle that has risen from the surface of the water, and the placed soil does not sink into the water. When it is supported by the upper end of the yarn bundle and kept in a state where it is not immersed in water, there is no generation of black anthers or other anaerobic bacteria, and root rot or water rot will not occur.
JP-A-9-107791 (Claims and Drawings)

  In this hydroponic planting method, a planter is used as a water tank, a thread bundle is loaded into the water tank, and a pipe is connected to a drain hole drilled at the bottom of the planter in order to maintain the water level below the upper end of the thread bundle. Is attached, and the position of the upper end of the pipe is fixed below the upper end of the yarn bundle. When the water supply to the water tank becomes excessive, the pipe overflows from the upper end of the pipe. However, in the low-pipe drainage planter configured as described above, water leakage from a slight gap between the drainage hole and the pipe becomes a problem.

  As another method of maintaining the water level below the upper end of the yarn bundle, the planter has a double-structured inner / outer (or top / bottom) inner container (upper container) and outer container (lower container). Make the depth of the container shallower than the depth of the inner container and the length of the yarn bundle, drill a water permeable hole in the bottom of the inner container, load the inner container with the yarn bundle, and use the outer container as a water tank. There is a method in which the water level does not rise above the upper end of the yarn bundle by overflowing from the upper edge of the outer container at the time of excessive water supply. However, the inner / outer two-stage planter configured in this way is expensive because the container is of two types, an inner container and an outer container, and when moving it, the water surface shakes and the water moves to the upper edge of the outer container. It is often difficult to handle when moving, such as often forgetting the outer container and lifting only the inner container, leaving the outer container separated and leaving the drops falling and soiling the surroundings. The point becomes a problem.

  Recently, the inside of the planter is divided up and down with a perforated plate, a water supply hole is drilled on the lower side, the lower part from the water supply hole is used as a water tank, and the bottom surface is loaded with soil on the upper side of the perforated plate Irrigation or bottom water supply type planters are commercially available. However, in this type of planter, there is a risk of overflowing from the water supply hole during the movement. In this type of bottom drying planter, the bottom of the soil layer comes into contact with the outside air through the water supply hole, so moisture is not easily transmitted from the aquarium to the soil layer, which is insufficient for bottom irrigation or bottom water supply. is there.

  And in any planter of low part pipe drainage type planter used for hydroponic planting, inner and outer two-stage type planter (inner container), and bottom dry type planter, soil is loaded and watered to the surface. Like a conventional planter planting, there are drainage holes and water supply holes at the bottom, so there is a risk of water leakage, and customers who purchased plants planted in the vehicle bring it into the car from home centers etc. Troubles such as swaying on the way home and dirty seats and floor carpets are likely to occur. And any of the bottom dry planters has a completely different structure from conventional planters and lacks versatility, so the production cost is high and the hydroponic planting method is not popular now. There are many problems in practical use, such as a large burden and a large risk associated with the sale, and if the risk is added to the selling price, it becomes more difficult to sell.

  Therefore, the present invention can be used to store water such as plastic pickle barrels, washbasins, raisins, water tanks, buckets, etc., and containers such as plastic waste bins and trash cans. Hydroponic planting can be carried out easily by using a commercially available water storage container such as a container that can be diverted to an aquarium, and in the transportation process of planting plants such as logistics and return from home centers. The purpose is to obtain a planter that does not have to worry about water leakage from the bottom.

  In the planter according to the present invention, the interior of the water storage container 11 is partitioned into a mounting part 14 and a water storage part 15 in the vertical depth direction by a perforated partition plate 13 having a vent hole 12, and above the water storage part 15. A pipe insertion hole 16 is provided, and a first feature is that a drainage pipe 17 is connected to the pipe insertion hole 16 to the bottom surface side of the water storage section.

  The second feature of the planter according to the present invention is that, in addition to the first feature, the distance (depth d) from the lower side 18 of the peripheral edge of the pipe insertion hole to the bottom surface 23 of the water storage section is 40 mm or more. The distance (height t) from the lower side 18 of the peripheral edge of the insertion hole to the upper surface of the partition plate 13 is 40 mm or less, the distance from the partition plate 13 on the lower side 18 of the peripheral edge of the pipe insertion hole and the bottom drain side. The difference (e) between the pipe tip 19 and the distance from the partition plate 13 (e) is 20 mm or more, and the depth (h) of the mounting portion from the partition plate 13 to the upper edge 20 of the water storage container is 30 mm or more. is there.

  The third feature of the planter according to the present invention is that, in addition to any of the first and second features, the water supply pipe 21 penetrates the partition plate 13 from the earthing portion side to the water storage portion side. It is in.

  The fourth feature of the planter according to the present invention is that, in addition to the third feature, the distance (depth f) from the lower end (water storage side) 22 of the water supply pipe 21 to the partition plate 13 is 40 mm or more. It is in.

  The fifth feature of the planter according to the present invention is that, in addition to any of the first, second, third and fourth features, the drain pipe 17 is made of a soft resin having elasticity such as soft synthetic resin or rubber. Thus, the outer diameter of the drain pipe 17 is larger than the inner diameter of the pipe insertion hole 16.

The sixth feature of the planter according to the present invention is that the opening 24 of the water storage container 11 surrounded by the upper edge 20 is added to any of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth features. The area is 300 cm ² or more.

  The water 25 stored in the water storage section 15 of the planter of the present invention (first feature) is discharged from the pipe insertion hole 16 through the drain pipe 17, and the pipe insertion hole 16 is the bottom of the water storage section. Since it is provided on the upper side, the water 25 does not naturally flow out of the pipe insertion hole 16 even when the drain pipe 17 is detached, and there is no fear of water leakage when the planter moves. In particular, the planter of the present invention, unlike a general commercially available water storage container such as a bucket for storing water, must pass through a thin drain pipe 17 in order for the water 25 in the water storage section to flow out, Since the portion 24 is blocked by the soil layer 26, even if it is brought into the vehicle, the water does not overflow due to vibration as in the case of a general commercially available water storage container such as a bucket, and the drainage that protrudes to the outside. Water leakage can be completely prevented by plugging the end of the pipe. And since the plugging point is the tip of the drainage pipe 17 higher than the water surface 28, water pressure does not act on the reservoir 15, and the tip of the drainage pipe 17 is detached by receiving the water pressure. No water leaks occur.

  According to the present invention (second feature), the distance (depth d) from the lower side 18 of the peripheral edge of the pipe insertion hole to the bottom surface 23 of the water storage section is 40 mm or more, from the lower side 18 of the peripheral edge of the pipe insertion hole. The distance (height t) to the upper surface of the partition plate 13 is 40 mm or less, the distance from the partition plate 13 on the lower side 18 of the peripheral edge of the pipe insertion hole and the partition plate 13 at the tip 19 of the drainage pipe following the bottom surface side. Since the difference (e) with respect to the distance is 20 mm or more and the depth (h) of the soiled portion from the partition plate 13 to the upper edge 20 of the water storage container is 30 mm or more, the soil layer 26 for supporting the root of the plant Can be stacked on the soil-loading section 14, and the soil layer 26 is soaked in water so that anaerobic bacteria are not generated or root rot occurs, and the water supply section 15 secures the amount of water supply required under hot weather. I can do it. And even if the water 25 of the water storage part is diverged through the soil layer 26 and the plant 27 and the water level (28) of the water storage part fluctuates, the outside air is not directly touched between the water surface 28 of the water storage part and the soil layer 26. Since the hermetic chamber 29 is secured and the root 33 lowered therein is kept in a humidified state, a planter that is extremely good for plant growth is obtained.

  According to the present invention (third feature), water can be supplied directly from the water supply pipe 21 to the water storage section 15 until it flows out from the drain pipe 17, and water can be left instantly, and the upper end 30 of the water supply pipe can be obtained. Protrudes to the inside of the soil layer 26 surrounded by the upper edge 20 of the water storage container, so that the upper end 30 of the water supply pipe is difficult to touch human hands and foreign objects and does not get in the way.

  According to the present invention (fourth feature), the lower end 22 of the water supply pipe is inserted deeply into the water storage portion 15 similarly to the tip 19 of the drainage pipe, and the area where the water 25 of the water storage portion is exposed to the outside air via the water supply pipe 21. Limited by the inner diameter of the water supply pipe, the amount of evaporation of the water 25 in the water storage section directly evaporating directly through the water supply pipe 21 is extremely small, and the root 33 lowered to the airtight chamber 29 by the water evaporated from the water surface 28 of the water storage section It is kept in a humidified state.

  According to the present invention (fifth feature), the drain pipe 17 can be forcibly inserted into the insertion hole 16, and the outer peripheral surface of the drain pipe 17 that has been forcibly inserted is elastically adhered to the periphery of the insertion hole 16. Therefore, there is no worry of water leakage from the gap between the drain pipe 17 and the insertion hole 16.

This is what we have learned in the process of completing the present invention, but the soil surrounding the root cools the root with the heat of vaporization generated from the water that evaporates from it, and the excessive temperature rise at the root even under hot summer heat. Depresses and exhibits a thermostatic effect that maintains the required temperature preferred for plant growth. In this regard, in the present invention (sixth feature), since the area of the opening 24 of the water storage container 11 surrounded by the upper edge 20 is 300 cm ² or more, a planter capable of planting even a relatively large plant such as an insulator. Is obtained. By the way, the insulator planted in a planter having an opening 24 area of about 100 cm ² made using a 2000 cc plastic bottle for soft drinks is divided into several branches and is about 50 cm tall. Although it grew to produce two or three pieces, it stopped growing in midsummer, and after that, we could not see any edible fruit, but the area of the opening 24 was about 300 cm ² . A planter with a depth of around 70 mm, the depth of the reservoir 14 around 80 mm, and a total depth of around 150 mm and a soil layer 26 with a thickness of around 50 mm is laminated without growing the leaves and leaves even under hot summer heat. I continued to do so, and I was able to harvest the autumn cocoons by debranching.

  The water storage container 11 may be formed by plastic injection molding in the same manner as a so-called “poly container” such as a plastic bucket, a plastic trash box, and a plastic pickle tank. It is preferable to insert a bulky material with a lot of voids such as a yarn bundle (planting material) 31 or pumice stone described in Patent Document 1 into the water storage unit 15, thereby supporting the partition plate 13. In that case, in order to maintain the yarn bundle 31 or the like in a bulky state, the leg members 32 that support the partition plate 13 may be inserted into the water reservoir 15.

  The vent hole 12 of the partition plate 13 is provided to allow the plant 27 to pass through the partition plate 13 and to lower the root 33 to the water storage unit 15, and the water storage unit 15 has a thread bundle 31, pumice stone, or leg. When the material 32 is inserted, a flexible and flexible sheet such as a net or a coarse cloth can be used for the partition plate 13.

  The yarn bundle 31 can be used as a planting material instead of soil as described in Patent Document 1, and the soil 26 is not necessarily required as long as the yarn bundle 31 is used. However, the soil 26 is also a decorative material that pretends to be a planter as if the plant 27 is being planted in the ground, and, as described above, is necessary because it contains trace components and soil fungi necessary for the growth of the plant. The layer thickness (c) may be about 5 mm. However, the soil layer 26 is also effective as a support for supporting the root of the plant, and the layer thickness (c) as the support is preferably 20 mm or more. However, unlike the case of planting with a conventional planter that does not use a water tank, the layer thickness (c) of the soil layer 26 need not be 100 mm or more. In particular, when the yarn bundle 31 described in Patent Document 1 is used, it becomes a supporting material that supports the soil layer 26 and also a planting material that replaces the soil. It is sufficient if the layer thickness (c) of the soil layer 26 is 30 to 50 mm. In the planter using the yarn bundle 31, root vegetables such as turmeric make a large rhizome in the water along the yarn bundle 31, but the soil layer 26 and the water surface 28 are always slightly separated, and the soil layer 26. Root rot and water rot will not occur if the water is not directly immersed in water. In order to prevent the water 25 from directly touching the soil layer 26 and to prevent the powdery soil material from overflowing into the water storage section 15, a sandproof layer made of hay, humus, a net or the like is provided on the bottom surface of the soil layer 26. It is good to laminate.

  The reason why the depth (d) of the water storage section 15 is set to 40 mm or more and the insertion depth (e) of the drain pipe 17 is set to 20 mm or more is that there is a large amount of landed plant under the hot summer heat, and depending on the type of plant, the water storage section This is because the water surface 28 may fall by 20 mm or more. Therefore, it is desirable that the depth (d) of the water storage unit 15 be 70 mm or more so that watering (sprinkling or water supply) does not take 2 to 3 days. Considering these points, the depth of the entire planter is set to 120 to 300 mm, the depth (h) of the mounting portion 14 is set to 50 mm or more, and the thickness (outer diameter) of the drain pipe 17 is about 10 mm (15 mm or less). The minimum thickness (t) of the airtight chamber 29 from the partition plate 13 (the soil mounting portion 14) to the lower side 18 of the peripheral edge of the pipe insertion hole 16 is set to 15 mm or less, and the depth (d) of the water storage portion 15 is reduced. 70 mm or more (d ≧ 70 mm), the insertion depth (e) of the drainage pipe 17 is 50 mm or more, and the tip 19 of the drainage pipe is below the water surface 28 even under the hot weather in summer when the amount of plant landing is large. A humidified airtight chamber 29 is ensured in the water storage unit 15 without touching the outside air via 17.

It is a partially cut-out assembly perspective view of the planter concerning the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

11: Water storage container 12: Ventilation hole 13: Partition plate 14: Soil mounting part 15: Water storage part 16: Pipe insertion hole 17: Drain pipe 18: Lower side of peripheral edge 19: Tip of drain pipe 20: Upper edge of water storage container 21: Water supply pipe 22: Lower end of water supply pipe 23: Bottom surface 24: Opening 25: Water 26: Soil layer 27: Plant 28: Water surface 29: Airtight chamber 30: Upper end of water supply pipe 31: Yarn bundle 32: Leg material 33: root

Claims (6)

  The interior of the water storage container (11) is partitioned into a ground part (14) and a water storage part (15) in the vertical depth direction by a perforated partition plate (13) having a vent hole (12). A pipe insertion hole (16) is provided on the upper side of 15), and a drainage pipe (17) continuing to the bottom surface side of the water storage section is connected to the pipe insertion hole (16). planter.   The distance (depth d) from the lower side (18) of the peripheral edge of the pipe insertion hole to the bottom surface (23) of the water storage section is 40 mm or more, and the partition plate (13) from the lower side (18) of the peripheral edge of the pipe insertion hole The distance (height t) to the top surface of the pipe is 40 mm or less, the distance from the partition plate (13) on the lower side (18) of the peripheral edge of the pipe insertion hole, and the partition plate on the tip (19) of the drainage pipe following the bottom surface side The difference (e) from the distance from (13) is 20 mm or more, and the depth (h) of the mounting part from the partition plate (13) to the upper edge (20) of the water storage container is 30 mm or more. The planter according to claim 1.   3. The planter according to claim 1, wherein the water supply pipe (21) passes through the partition plate (13) from the soiling part side to the water storage part side.   The planter according to claim 3, wherein a distance (depth f) from the lower end (22) of the water supply pipe (21) to the partition plate (13) is 40 mm or more.   The above-mentioned claim 1, claim 2 and claim 3, wherein the drain pipe (17) is made of a soft resin, and the outer diameter of the drain pipe (17) is larger than the inner diameter of the pipe insertion hole (16). The planter according to claim 4. The above-mentioned claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, and claim 4, wherein the area of the opening (24) of the water storage container (11) surrounded by the upper edge (20) is 300 cm ² or more. Item 6. The planter according to any one of Items 5 to 6.

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