JP2005272649A - Water-borne clear coating composition containing chitosan-containing emulsion - Google Patents

Water-borne clear coating composition containing chitosan-containing emulsion Download PDF

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JP2005272649A
JP2005272649A JP2004088321A JP2004088321A JP2005272649A JP 2005272649 A JP2005272649 A JP 2005272649A JP 2004088321 A JP2004088321 A JP 2004088321A JP 2004088321 A JP2004088321 A JP 2004088321A JP 2005272649 A JP2005272649 A JP 2005272649A
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emulsion
chitosan
water
coating composition
weight
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Tadashi Uragami
忠 浦上
Hiroshi Yamada
浩 山田
Koji Kono
孝治 河野
Tamaki Wada
環 和田
Kuniaki Inui
国昭 乾
Yasuhiro Matoba
康浩 的場
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Kowa Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Kowa Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water-borne clear coating composition in which problems such as low boiling point solvent, volatile organic compound, aggregation of liquid by chitosan, water resistance, formation of coating film having low transparency, weather resistance, stable supply of coating liquid are solved. <P>SOLUTION: The water-based clear coating composition comprises chitosan-containing emulsion obtained by previously preparing an emulsion containing chitosan or its derivative and a radical-polymerizable monomer and an emulsion containing a polymerization initiator and adding the former emulsion to the latter emulsion and polymerizing the monomer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、キトサン含有エマルションを含有する木部用や内装材用の水系クリヤー塗料組成物に関し、より詳しくは、天然高分子を用いることにより安全性の高い、環境負荷の低いの水系クリヤー塗料組成物に関する。   The present invention relates to a water-based clear coating composition for xylem or interior material containing a chitosan-containing emulsion, and more specifically, a water-based clear coating composition having high safety and low environmental impact by using a natural polymer. Related to things.

木部用塗料は、主に耐水性や耐溶剤性が要求される為、合成樹脂系塗料が用いられている。天井材、壁面材及び建具などでは、通気性や触感が必要となる為、主にニトロセルロースラッカーが、又、屋外用では耐候性能(耐紫外線、耐水性)が要求される為、油性系塗料が用いられる。この様に、木部用塗料は溶剤を中心とした塗料が多用されている。   Since the wood coating is mainly required to have water resistance and solvent resistance, a synthetic resin coating is used. For ceiling materials, wall materials and fittings, breathability and tactile sensation are required, so nitrocellulose lacquer is mainly required, and for outdoor use, weather resistance (ultraviolet and water resistance) is required. Is used. As described above, paints for wood are often used mainly for solvents.

また、せっこうボード、せっこうパネル、石綿セメント製品、木毛セメントなどの内装材の接着剤には、ホルムアルデヒドが含まれるなど室内空気汚染への影響が懸念される。 このような問題の対策として、二酸化炭素の発生抑制や有機溶剤の削減などの環境への負荷低減を目的に、塗料の水系化や天然素材の利用が望まれている。   In addition, there are concerns about the effect of indoor air pollution, such as the inclusion of formaldehyde in adhesives for interior materials such as gypsum boards, gypsum panels, asbestos cement products and wood wool cement. As countermeasures against such problems, it is desired to use water-based paints or use natural materials for the purpose of reducing environmental burdens such as suppression of carbon dioxide generation and reduction of organic solvents.

キトサンは、カルシウムと蛋白質の複合体であるキチンを脱アセチル化したものであり、アミノ基を有する唯一の多糖である。キチンは、蟹や海老等の甲殻類の甲羅、昆虫の外皮殻等の成分として地球上に広く分布している天然高分子の一つである。キトサンは白色ないし深紅色の固体で、水や有機溶剤に不溶な食物繊維の一種であり、従来は食品工場から出る蛋白質を含む排水や活性汚泥の凝集剤として使用されてきた。その後、これは、化粧品、人工皮膚、繊維、食品素材等に使用範囲が増大し、最近では、成人病(生活習慣病)に対する機能性食品として注目を浴び、既に食品添加物として厚生省の指定を受け、一般食品の原料や健康食品向けの展開も行われている。   Chitosan is a deacetylated form of chitin, which is a complex of calcium and protein, and is the only polysaccharide having an amino group. Chitin is one of the natural polymers widely distributed on the earth as a component of shells of crustaceans such as sharks and shrimps, and shells of insects. Chitosan is a white or deep red solid, a type of dietary fiber that is insoluble in water and organic solvents, and has traditionally been used as a flocculant for protein wastewater and activated sludge from food factories. Since then, the range of use has increased for cosmetics, artificial skin, fibers, food materials, etc. Recently, it has attracted attention as a functional food for adult diseases (lifestyle related diseases), and has already been designated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare as a food additive. In response, it is also being developed for general food ingredients and health foods.

この様にキトサンは天然に産出し、アミノ基や水酸基等の反応性の高い官能基を有しているところから、悪臭成分の吸着、ホルムアルデヒドの吸着、抗菌作用および生分解性等の優れた性質を持つ。しかし、これら優れた機能を生かした水性塗料は従来殆ど検討されていなかった。これはキトサン自体が水や溶剤に不溶である点、又、溶剤である酸の水溶液中ではポリカチオン性を示すために、水性塗料に多く用いられているアニオン性乳化剤やアニオン性の添加剤と反応し凝集する点に起因していると考えられる。   In this way, chitosan is naturally produced and has highly reactive functional groups such as amino groups and hydroxyl groups, so it has excellent properties such as malodorous component adsorption, formaldehyde adsorption, antibacterial activity and biodegradability. have. However, water-based paints that take advantage of these excellent functions have been hardly studied. This is because chitosan itself is insoluble in water and solvents, and in order to show polycationicity in an aqueous solution of acid as a solvent, anionic emulsifiers and anionic additives often used in aqueous paints This is thought to be due to the point of reaction and aggregation.

キトサンは、塩酸、酢酸や有機酸と水中で容易に反応し、イオン錯体を形成する。このイオン錯体は、乾燥すると薄膜を形成するが、この膜は水に再溶解する性質を持っている。この膜をアルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属塩の水溶液で処理すると、無色透明のキトサン膜が生成する。得られたキトサン膜は水や溶剤に不溶で、乾燥膜は非常に強固であるにも拘らず、水中では膨潤し、柔軟性をもつ薄膜として存在する。この薄膜を水中又はエマルション樹脂中で適度に攪拌すると雲母状のフィルムとして粉砕されることもなく、安定な状態を保つ。ただし、このキトサン膜は酸性水溶液(pH=1〜4)や同様のpHを有するエマルション樹脂中では再溶解し、粘稠液を与える。通常、建築用の内外装仕上塗材に使用されるエマルション樹脂である、アクリル樹脂、アクリルウレタン樹脂、アクリル変性シリコーン樹脂、アクリル変性フッ素樹脂、ウレタン樹脂等のpH域は、pH=5〜9とほぼ中性ないしアルカリ性であり、大抵の場合、キトサン膜が再溶解することはない。   Chitosan easily reacts with hydrochloric acid, acetic acid and organic acids in water to form ionic complexes. This ion complex forms a thin film when dried, and this film has the property of being redissolved in water. When this membrane is treated with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt, a colorless and transparent chitosan membrane is formed. The obtained chitosan film is insoluble in water and solvent, and the dried film is very strong, but swells in water and exists as a flexible thin film. When this thin film is appropriately stirred in water or in an emulsion resin, it is not pulverized as a mica-like film and maintains a stable state. However, this chitosan film is redissolved in an acidic aqueous solution (pH = 1 to 4) or an emulsion resin having a similar pH to give a viscous liquid. Normally, the pH range of acrylic resin, acrylic urethane resin, acrylic modified silicone resin, acrylic modified fluororesin, urethane resin, etc., which is an emulsion resin used for interior / exterior finishing coating materials for buildings, is pH = 5-9. It is almost neutral or alkaline, and in most cases, the chitosan film does not redissolve.

特許文献1には、不飽和カルボン酸を単量体成分として含む合成樹脂エマルションとキトサンを混合してなる抗菌性コーティング剤が記載されている。これらは、既に重合したエマルションにキトサンを添加し、更に不飽和カルボン酸の一部もしくは全部を金属塩により中和して得られたものである。   Patent Document 1 describes an antibacterial coating agent obtained by mixing a synthetic resin emulsion containing an unsaturated carboxylic acid as a monomer component and chitosan. These are obtained by adding chitosan to an already polymerized emulsion and further neutralizing part or all of the unsaturated carboxylic acid with a metal salt.

しかし、この方法ではキトサンの添加量によっては未反応のフリーのキトサンがエマルション中に残在し、エマルションの粘度コントロールがしにくい欠点やクリヤー塗膜が得られないなどの問題がある。   However, this method has a problem that depending on the amount of chitosan added, unreacted free chitosan remains in the emulsion, so that it is difficult to control the viscosity of the emulsion and a clear coating film cannot be obtained.

又、カチオン性を示すキトサン粒子とアニオン乳化剤系のエマルションを混合した場合、エマルションが凝集反応(エマルションのゲル化)を起こり、コーティングの際に「濁り(白化)」、「塗膜の不純物」を招く原因となり、クリヤー塗膜が形成されないなどの問題がある。   In addition, when chitosan particles exhibiting cationic properties and an anionic emulsifier emulsion are mixed, the emulsion undergoes an agglomeration reaction (gelation of the emulsion), resulting in “turbidity (whitening)” and “impurities in the coating film” during coating. There is a problem that a clear coating film is not formed.

特許文献2には、キトサンの酸性水溶液を含有する木材加工品用コーティング組成物が記述されている。しかし、これは、環境対応の理由で合成樹脂系を配合していない為、コーティングした乾燥塗膜は水が接触すると膨潤伸縮が起こり、又、酸性水溶液により塗膜が再溶解するなど、膜としての耐久性に劣る欠点がある。
特開2001−342435号公報 特開2004−18643号公報
Patent Document 2 describes a coating composition for processed wood products containing an acidic aqueous solution of chitosan. However, this is because the synthetic resin system is not blended for environmental reasons, so that the coated dry film swells and expands when contacted with water, and the film re-dissolves with an acidic aqueous solution. There is a drawback inferior in durability.
JP 2001-342435 A JP 2004-18643 A

本発明は、低沸点溶剤、揮発性有機化合物、キトサンによる液の凝集、耐水性、低透明性の塗膜形成、耐候性、コーティング液の安定供給などが解決された水系クリヤー塗料組成物を提供することを課題とする。   The present invention provides a water-based clear coating composition in which liquid agglomeration with a low-boiling solvent, volatile organic compound, and chitosan, water resistance, low transparency coating formation, weather resistance, stable supply of coating liquid, and the like are solved. The task is to do.

さらに、水系クリヤー塗料として、表面硬さ、耐摩耗性、耐溶剤性、光透過性、耐温水性、風合いなどの物性に優れている水系クリヤー塗料組成物を提供することにある。   It is another object of the present invention to provide an aqueous clear coating composition having excellent physical properties such as surface hardness, abrasion resistance, solvent resistance, light transmission, hot water resistance, and texture as an aqueous clear coating.

本発明による水系クリヤー塗料組成物は、キトサン又はその誘導体とラジカル重合性単量体を含むエマルションと、重合開始剤を含むエマルションとを予め調製しておき、前者のエマルションを後者のエマルションに添加して単量体を重合させることにより得られるキトサン含有エマルションからなる塗料組成物である。   An aqueous clear coating composition according to the present invention is prepared by preparing an emulsion containing chitosan or a derivative thereof and a radical polymerizable monomer and an emulsion containing a polymerization initiator in advance, and adding the former emulsion to the latter emulsion. Thus, a coating composition comprising a chitosan-containing emulsion obtained by polymerizing monomers.

まず、キトサン又はその誘導体とラジカル重合性単量体を含むエマルションの調製法について、具体的に説明をする。   First, a method for preparing an emulsion containing chitosan or a derivative thereof and a radical polymerizable monomer will be specifically described.

キトサンは、(1−4)−2−アセトアミド−2−デオキシ−β−D−グルカン構造を有する化合物であるキチンの脱アセチル化物、すなわち(1−4)−2−アミノ−2−デオキシ−β−D−グルカン構造を主体とする化合物である。   Chitosan is a deacetylated product of chitin which is a compound having a (1-4) -2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucan structure, that is, (1-4) -2-amino-2-deoxy-β. -A compound mainly having a D-glucan structure.

キトサンの誘導体とは、キトサンの脱アセチル化されたアミノ基の一部、又はキトサンの水酸基の一部がアシル化反応、エーテル化反応、エステル化反応、その他の反応によって化学修飾された化合物をいう。   The chitosan derivative refers to a compound in which a part of the deacetylated amino group of chitosan or a part of the hydroxyl group of chitosan is chemically modified by acylation reaction, etherification reaction, esterification reaction, or other reaction. .

一般に、天然に存在するキチンは、アセトアミド基の一部がアセチル化されていないアミノ基となっている。そのため、本発明で用いられるキトサン又はその誘導体としては、脱アセチル化度が30%以上のものが好ましく、化学修飾が加えられていないキトサンが好ましい。特に、脱アセチル化度80%以上のものは反応性の高いアミノ基を多数含むので種々の機能性を発現させることができる。又、粒子径が小さいほど(80メッシュ標準篩90%pass以上)(メタ)アクリル酸に対する溶解性が高いので好ましい。   In general, naturally occurring chitin is an amino group in which part of the acetamide group is not acetylated. Therefore, as chitosan or a derivative thereof used in the present invention, those having a degree of deacetylation of 30% or more are preferable, and chitosan not subjected to chemical modification is preferable. In particular, those having a degree of deacetylation of 80% or more contain many highly reactive amino groups and thus can exhibit various functions. Further, the smaller the particle size (80 mesh standard sieve 90% pass or more), the higher the solubility in (meth) acrylic acid, which is preferable.

キトサンとして市販品(例えば、共和テクノス社製、商品名フローナックC−60M;脱アセチル化度89%など)を用いることができる。   As the chitosan, a commercially available product (for example, trade name Flownack C-60M manufactured by Kyowa Technos Co., Ltd .; deacetylation degree 89%, etc.) can be used.

キトサン又はその誘導体の含有量は、キトサン含有エマルション合成において樹脂固形分に対し、0.1〜10重量%である。この含有量が小さ過ぎるとキトサンの機能発現が望めず、大き過ぎるエマルション合成時に高粘度となり、取扱いが困難となる。より好ましいキトサンの含有量はキトサン含有エマルション合成時、樹脂固形分に対し0.5〜7重量%である。   The content of chitosan or a derivative thereof is 0.1 to 10% by weight based on the resin solid content in the chitosan-containing emulsion synthesis. If this content is too small, the function of chitosan cannot be expressed, and the viscosity becomes too high when the emulsion is synthesized, which makes it difficult to handle. A more preferable content of chitosan is 0.5 to 7% by weight based on the solid content of the resin during synthesis of the chitosan-containing emulsion.

ラジカル重合性単量体は塗料の材料として用いられるものであればよく、(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル酸のアルキルエステル類(アルキル基は、炭素数1〜12までの脂肪族、脂環式炭化水素を示す。)、ポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレートなどの官能基を有する(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類、また、N,N−ジメチル(メタ)アクリルアミドなどの(メタ)アクリルアミド類、酢酸ビニルなどの酢酸ビニル系単量体、トリフルオロエチルメタクリレートなどのフッ素系単量体、シリコーンマクロモノマーなどが挙げられる。これらは1種または2種以上を使用することができる。本発明において、「(メタ)アクリル」とは、「アクリルまたはメタアクリル」を指す。   The radical polymerizable monomer may be any material that can be used as a coating material. (Meth) acrylic acid, alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid (the alkyl group is an aliphatic or fatty acid having 1 to 12 carbon atoms). Cyclic hydrocarbons), (meth) acrylic acid esters having a functional group such as polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, and N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide ( And (meth) acrylamides, vinyl acetate monomers such as vinyl acetate, fluorine monomers such as trifluoroethyl methacrylate, and silicone macromonomers. These can use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types. In the present invention, “(meth) acryl” refers to “acryl or methacryl”.

キトサン又はその誘導体とラジカル重合性単量体を含むエマルションの調製に用いられる乳化剤は、好ましくはノニオン性又はカチオン性の反応性乳化剤である。   The emulsifier used for the preparation of the emulsion containing chitosan or a derivative thereof and a radical polymerizable monomer is preferably a nonionic or cationic reactive emulsifier.

キトサン又はその誘導体は酸性水溶液、例えば(メタ)アクリル酸水溶液に溶解させて、キトサン水溶液として用いることができるし、酸性水溶液、例えば(メタ)アクリル酸水溶液と乳化剤に懸濁させて、キトサンエマルジョンとして用いることもできる。   Chitosan or a derivative thereof can be dissolved in an acidic aqueous solution such as a (meth) acrylic acid aqueous solution and used as a chitosan aqueous solution, or suspended in an acidic aqueous solution such as a (meth) acrylic acid aqueous solution and an emulsifier to form a chitosan emulsion. It can also be used.

キトサン又はその誘導体、キトサン水溶液および/又はキトサンエマルジョンに、ラジカル重合性単量体エマルションを添加する。   A radical polymerizable monomer emulsion is added to chitosan or a derivative thereof, an aqueous chitosan solution and / or a chitosan emulsion.

他方、重合開始剤を含むエマルションは、下記のように調製される。   On the other hand, an emulsion containing a polymerization initiator is prepared as follows.

重合開始剤はラジカルを発生してラジカル重合性単量体の重合を開始させるものであればよく、一般のノニオン性触媒およびカチオン性触媒をいずれも使用できるが、カチオン性触媒である2,2’−アゾビス(2−アミジノプロパン)二塩酸塩を用いることが好ましい。   The polymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it generates radicals and initiates polymerization of the radically polymerizable monomer, and both general nonionic catalysts and cationic catalysts can be used. It is preferable to use '-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride.

重合開始剤を含むエマルションの調製に用いられる乳化剤は、好ましくはノニオン性又はカチオン性の反応性乳化剤である。   The emulsifier used for the preparation of the emulsion containing the polymerization initiator is preferably a nonionic or cationic reactive emulsifier.

こうして予備調製したキトサン又はその誘導体とラジカル重合性単量体を含むエマルションを、重合開始剤を含むエマルションに添加して単量体を重合させる。前者のエマルションと後者のエマルションの割合は、好ましくは1:0.1〜1:10である。添加は連続的でも断続的でもよい。添加の後、熟成を行うのが好ましい。この重合反応によりキトサン含有エマルションを含有する塗料組成物が得られる。   The preliminarily prepared emulsion containing chitosan or a derivative thereof and a radical polymerizable monomer is added to the emulsion containing a polymerization initiator to polymerize the monomer. The ratio of the former emulsion to the latter emulsion is preferably 1: 0.1 to 1:10. The addition may be continuous or intermittent. It is preferable to age after the addition. By this polymerization reaction, a coating composition containing a chitosan-containing emulsion is obtained.

本発明による好ましい水系クリヤー塗料組成物は、上記構成のキトサン含有エマルションの外に、ガラス転移温度50〜90℃のアクリル樹脂を含む。アクリル樹脂は好ましくはエマルションの形態で添加される。アクリル樹脂を含むエマルションの調製に用いられる乳化剤は、好ましくはアニオン/ノニオン系、ノニオン系、カチオン系の乳化剤である。アクリル樹脂としては、例えば日本エヌエスシー社製、商品名ヨドゾールAD−77などが例示的に挙げられる。   A preferred water-based clear coating composition according to the present invention contains an acrylic resin having a glass transition temperature of 50 to 90 ° C. in addition to the chitosan-containing emulsion having the above-described structure. The acrylic resin is preferably added in the form of an emulsion. The emulsifier used for the preparation of the emulsion containing the acrylic resin is preferably an anion / nonionic, nonionic or cationic emulsifier. As an acrylic resin, the product made from Nippon SC Co., Ltd., brand name Yodosol AD-77, etc. are mentioned, for example.

このようにTgの高いアクリル樹脂を配合することで、クリヤー塗膜のタックを抑制することができる。Tgの低いものは塗膜にタックが残り、汚染の原因となる。アクリル樹脂の配合割合が多すぎると、塗膜硬さは向上するが、下地追従性が低下しひび割れなどの原因となるだけでなく、常温で成膜性を発現させるため成膜助剤を多用しなければならない。   Thus, the tackiness of a clear coating film can be suppressed by mix | blending an acrylic resin with high Tg. Those having a low Tg remain tacky on the coating film and cause contamination. If the blending ratio of the acrylic resin is too large, the coating film hardness will improve, but not only will the base followability deteriorate and cause cracking, but it will also use filming aids to develop film formability at room temperature. Must.

低温時の成膜(5〜10℃)を実現する目的で、成膜助剤を添加することが好ましい。成膜助剤の添加量は塗料組成物全量に対し5重量%以下である。成膜助剤としては揮発性有機化合物低減の目的で高沸点品、例えば沸点260℃以上のものを用いることが好ましく、例えば、プロピレン系グリコールエーテル(ダウ・ケミカル社製、商品名ダワノールTPnB)等が例示される。   In order to realize film formation at a low temperature (5 to 10 ° C.), it is preferable to add a film forming aid. The amount of film forming aid added is 5% by weight or less based on the total amount of the coating composition. As a film forming aid, it is preferable to use a high boiling point product, for example, a boiling point of 260 ° C. or higher, for the purpose of reducing volatile organic compounds. For example, propylene glycol ether (manufactured by Dow Chemical Company, trade name: Dawanol TPnB) Is exemplified.

本発明による好ましい水系クリヤー塗料組成物は、上記構成のキトサン含有エマルションの外に、水系ウレタン樹脂を含む。   A preferable water-based clear coating composition according to the present invention contains a water-based urethane resin in addition to the chitosan-containing emulsion having the above-described structure.

水系ウレタン樹脂は、例えば、市販品(旭電化社製、商品名アデカボンタイターHUX540、日本エヌエスシー社製、商品名ヨドゾールRD−7等)であってよい。   The water-based urethane resin may be, for example, a commercially available product (manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd., trade name Adekabon titer HUX540, Nippon NS Co., Ltd., trade name Yodosol RD-7).

水系ウレタン樹脂は成膜助剤量を削減する役目をし、塗膜に強靱性、耐久性を付与する。水系ウレタン樹脂は水系ディスパーション、ウレタン変性アクリル樹脂エマルションなどの形態で使用される。   The water-based urethane resin serves to reduce the amount of film forming auxiliary agent and imparts toughness and durability to the coating film. The water-based urethane resin is used in the form of a water-based dispersion, a urethane-modified acrylic resin emulsion, or the like.

本発明による水性クリヤー樹脂組成物の代表的な配合例を以下に示す。   A typical blending example of the aqueous clear resin composition according to the present invention is shown below.

配合例(1)
キトサン含有エマルション 10〜70重量%(30〜50重量%が好適)
アクリル樹脂エマルション 20〜90重量%(30〜70重量%が好適)
成膜助剤 0.1〜10重量%(1〜5重量%が好適)
Formulation example (1)
Chitosan-containing emulsion 10-70 wt% (30-50 wt% is preferred)
Acrylic resin emulsion 20-90 wt% (30-70 wt% is preferred)
Film forming aid 0.1 to 10% by weight (1 to 5% by weight is preferred)

配合例(2)
キトサン含有エマルション 10〜50重量%(20〜40重量%が好適)
アクリル樹脂エマルション 30〜70重量%(40〜60重量%が好適)
水系ウレタン樹脂 5〜30重量%(10〜20重量%が好適)
成膜助剤 0.1〜 5重量%(0.5〜3重量%が好適)
Formulation example (2)
Chitosan-containing emulsion 10 to 50% by weight (preferably 20 to 40% by weight)
Acrylic resin emulsion 30-70 wt% (40-60 wt% is preferred)
Water-based urethane resin 5-30% by weight (preferably 10-20% by weight)
Film forming aid 0.1 to 5% by weight (preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight)

配合例(2) は成膜助剤の配合量が低減された例である。   Formulation example (2) is an example in which the blending amount of the film forming aid is reduced.

これらの配合例は現場塗装用として開発されたものであるが、工場塗装において強制乾燥(40℃以上)ができる場合には、成膜助剤の配合量をさらに低減することができる(1重量%以下)。   These blending examples were developed for on-site painting, but when forced drying (40 ° C. or higher) can be performed in factory coating, the blending amount of the film-forming aid can be further reduced (1 weight). %Less than).

本発明による水性クリヤー樹脂組成物は、消泡剤、粘性調整剤、増粘剤、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、防かび剤などの添加剤を適量、例えば1重量%以下添加してもよい。   The aqueous clear resin composition according to the present invention may contain an appropriate amount of additives such as an antifoaming agent, a viscosity modifier, a thickener, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, and an antifungal agent, for example, 1% by weight or less. .

光沢調整の目的で、シリカ系微粉末などの無機粉体、ワックスエマルションなどを添加し、半艶や艶消し塗料を作ることも好ましい。   For the purpose of adjusting gloss, it is also preferable to add semi-glossy or matte paint by adding inorganic powder such as silica fine powder, wax emulsion or the like.

本発明による水系クリヤー塗料組成物は、例えば、建具、机やテーブルなどの家具類、木製玩具、柱・壁・天井など建物内外部の木製住建築用資材やこれらの木製構成部品などの表面に塗装される。また、本発明による水系クリヤー塗料組成物は、建築内装用のせっこうボード、せっこうパネル、石綿セメント製品、木毛セメントなどやこれらの美粧を施した表面に塗装される。   The water-based clear coating composition according to the present invention is applied to the surfaces of furniture, such as joinery, desks and tables, wooden toys, wooden dwelling materials outside the building such as pillars, walls and ceilings, and these wooden components. Painted. Further, the water-based clear coating composition according to the present invention is applied to a gypsum board, a gypsum panel, an asbestos cement product, a wood wool cement, etc. for building interiors, or a surface subjected to these cosmetics.

本発明による水系クリヤー塗料組成物は、天然物由来のキトサンを含むことで、環境対応、種々の機能性(アルデヒド類吸着、抗菌性、悪臭成分吸着、生分解性など)発現が可能である。   The water-based clear coating composition according to the present invention contains chitosan derived from a natural product, and can exhibit environmental compatibility and various functions (aldehyde adsorption, antibacterial properties, malodorous component adsorption, biodegradability, etc.).

本発明による水性クリヤー樹脂組成物は天然高分子キトサンを含むので、シックハウス症候群の原因物質とされるホルムアルデヒド吸着および抗菌作用などを発現することができる。したがって、木材の持つ色目や自然の木目を損なうことなく、有機溶剤の低減や環境に対する負荷低減、生分解性の付与を達成することができる。さらに、悪臭成分のアセトアルデヒド、アンモニア、硫化水素などの吸着作用も発現することができる。   Since the aqueous clear resin composition according to the present invention contains natural polymer chitosan, it can exhibit formaldehyde adsorption and antibacterial action, which are causative substances of sick house syndrome. Therefore, it is possible to achieve reduction of organic solvents, reduction of environmental load, and provision of biodegradability without impairing the color or natural grain of wood. Furthermore, it can also exert an adsorption action of malodorous components such as acetaldehyde, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide.

[実施例1](キトサン含有エマルションの合成;「プレエマルション法」)
攪拌機、温度調節器、温度計、還流冷却管、滴下ロートおよび窒素ガス導入管を備えた反応容器内に、乳化剤(旭電化社製、商品名;アデカリアソープER−20)を15重量部、乳化剤(旭電化社製、商品名;アデカリアソープER−30)を5重量部、清水を270重量部、重合開始剤(大塚化学社製、商品名V−50;アゾビス−2−アミジノプロパン二塩酸塩)を1.6重量部それぞれ仕込み、60℃に昇温しながら、窒素ガスを導入した。こうして、重合開始剤含有エマルションを調製した。
[Example 1] (Synthesis of chitosan-containing emulsion; “pre-emulsion method”)
In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a temperature controller, a thermometer, a reflux condenser, a dropping funnel and a nitrogen gas introduction tube, 15 parts by weight of an emulsifier (manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd., trade name: Adeka Soap ER-20), 5 parts by weight of an emulsifier (manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd .; trade name: Adeka Soap ER-30), 270 parts by weight of fresh water, polymerization initiator (trade name V-50, manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd .; azobis-2-amidinopropane Hydrochloric acid salt) was charged at 1.6 parts by weight, and nitrogen gas was introduced while raising the temperature to 60 ° C. Thus, a polymerization initiator-containing emulsion was prepared.

又、上記乳化剤ER−20を62.3重量部、清水240重量部に溶解し、キトサン(共和テクノス社製、商品名;C−60M、脱アセチル化度=88%)8重量部を予めアクリル酸(三菱化学社製、80%水溶液として使用)6重量部に溶解させた液をここへ徐々に加えた。   The emulsifier ER-20 is dissolved in 62.3 parts by weight and 240 parts by weight of fresh water, and 8 parts by weight of chitosan (manufactured by Kyowa Technos Co., Ltd., trade name: C-60M, degree of deacetylation = 88%) is previously acrylic. A solution dissolved in 6 parts by weight of acid (Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd., used as 80% aqueous solution) was gradually added thereto.

上記の液を十分に攪拌した後、重合性単量体としてメチルメタアクリレート80重量部、シクロヘキシルメタアクリレート60重量部、2−エチルヘキシルメタアクリレート92重量部の計232重量部(何れも市販試薬;和光純薬品)を加え、乳化機で1000〜1500rpmの攪拌速度でプレエマルション化して、単量体含有エマルションを得た。   After sufficiently stirring the above solution, 232 parts by weight of a total of 80 parts by weight of methyl methacrylate, 60 parts by weight of cyclohexyl methacrylate, and 92 parts by weight of 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate as polymerizable monomers (all are commercially available reagents; (Photopure chemical) was added and pre-emulsified with an emulsifier at a stirring speed of 1000 to 1500 rpm to obtain a monomer-containing emulsion.

反応温度を60℃に保持した状態で、単量体含有エマルションを反応容器内の重合開始剤含有エマルションに2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、反応温度を70℃にして反応混合物を熟成させた。2時間経過後、冷却した。   While maintaining the reaction temperature at 60 ° C., the monomer-containing emulsion was added dropwise to the polymerization initiator-containing emulsion in the reaction vessel over 2 hours. After completion of the dropping, the reaction temperature was set to 70 ° C. and the reaction mixture was aged. After 2 hours, it was cooled.

得られたキトサン含有エマルションは、不揮発分35重量%、粘度50mPa・s(BM型粘度計)、pH6の物性を示した。   The obtained chitosan-containing emulsion exhibited physical properties of a nonvolatile content of 35% by weight, a viscosity of 50 mPa · s (BM type viscometer), and a pH of 6.

尚、重合反応の終了の確認は、反応中の反応液を採取し、ガスクロマトグラフィーで残存する重合性単量体量を測定して、残存量が1重量%以下となったことで行った。   The completion of the polymerization reaction was confirmed by collecting the reaction solution during the reaction and measuring the amount of the remaining polymerizable monomer by gas chromatography, so that the remaining amount was 1% by weight or less. .

得られたキトサン含有エマルション中には樹脂固形分に対し、キトサンは計算上2.46重量%含有されている。   The chitosan-containing emulsion thus obtained contains 2.46% by weight of chitosan based on the resin solid content.

上記と同様の操作によりキトサン量5重量%のエマルションを調製した。   An emulsion having a chitosan amount of 5% by weight was prepared in the same manner as described above.

[実施例2](キトサン含有エマルション含有水系クリヤー塗料の調製)
実施例1で得られたキトサン含有エマルション60重量部、アクリル樹脂エマルション(日本エヌエスシー社製、商品名;AD−77)37重量部および沸点274℃のトリプロピレングリコールn−ブチルエーテル(ダウ・ケミカル社製、商品名;ダワノールTPnB)3重量部をディスパーで均一に低速攪拌混合し、クリヤー塗料組成物を調製した。
[Example 2] (Preparation of water-based clear paint containing chitosan-containing emulsion)
60 parts by weight of the chitosan-containing emulsion obtained in Example 1, 37 parts by weight of an acrylic resin emulsion (manufactured by NSC Japan, trade name: AD-77) and tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether having a boiling point of 274 ° C. (Dow Chemical Company) Product, trade name: Dawanol TPnB) 3 parts by weight were uniformly stirred and mixed with a disper at low speed to prepare a clear coating composition.

この塗料組成物をガラス板(25cm )に刷毛を用いて0.25g塗布し、常温で乾燥させ透明なフィルムを得た。 0.25 g of this coating composition was applied to a glass plate (25 cm 2 ) using a brush and dried at room temperature to obtain a transparent film.

[実施例3](キトサン含有エマルション含有水系クリヤー塗料の調製)
実施例1で得られたキトサン含有エマルション32重量部、アクリル樹脂エマルション(日本エヌエスシー社製、商品名;AD−77)50重量部および水性ウレタン樹脂(旭電化社製、商品名;アデカボンタイターHUX540)15重量部、沸点274℃のトリプロピレングリコールn−ブチルエーテル(ダウ・ケミカル社製、商品名;ダワノールTPnB)3重量部をディスパーで均一に低速攪拌混合し、クリヤー塗料組成物を調製した。
[Example 3] (Preparation of chitosan-containing emulsion-containing water-based clear paint)
32 parts by weight of the chitosan-containing emulsion obtained in Example 1, 50 parts by weight of an acrylic resin emulsion (manufactured by NSC Japan, trade name; AD-77) and an aqueous urethane resin (trade name; Adeka Bon titer, manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd.) 15 parts by weight of HUX540 and 3 parts by weight of tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether (manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd .; trade name: Dawanol TPnB) having a boiling point of 274 ° C. were uniformly stirred at low speed with a disper to prepare a clear coating composition.

上記と同様に、得られた塗料組成物をガラス板(25cm )に刷毛を用いて0.25g塗布し、5℃での乾燥条件下で透明なフィルムが生成した。以後、70℃で16時間乾燥させた。 In the same manner as described above, 0.25 g of the obtained coating composition was applied to a glass plate (25 cm 2 ) using a brush, and a transparent film was produced under dry conditions at 5 ° C. Thereafter, the film was dried at 70 ° C. for 16 hours.

[比較例1](キトサン含有エマルションの合成;「モノマー滴下法」)
攪拌機、温度調節器、温度計、還流冷却管、滴下ロートおよび窒素ガス導入管を備えた反応容器内に、乳化剤(旭電化社製、商品名;アデカリアソープER−20)を77.3重量部、乳化剤(旭電化社製、商品名;アデカリアソープER−30)を5重量部を清水を510重量部で溶解させ、重合開始剤(大塚化学社製、商品名V−50;アゾビス−2−アミジノプロパン二塩酸塩)1.6重量部を仕込んだ。
[Comparative Example 1] (Synthesis of chitosan-containing emulsion; “monomer dropping method”)
In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a temperature controller, a thermometer, a reflux condenser, a dropping funnel, and a nitrogen gas introduction tube, 77.3 weight of emulsifier (Asahi Denka Co., Ltd., trade name: Adeka Soap ER-20) 5 parts by weight of an emulsifier (manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd., trade name; Adekaria soap ER-30) was dissolved in 510 parts by weight of fresh water, and a polymerization initiator (trade name V-50, produced by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd .; 1.6 parts by weight of 2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride) was charged.

次に、キトサン(社共和テクノス製、商品名;C−60M脱アセチル化度=88%)8重量部を徐々に加え、アクリル酸(三菱化学社製80%水溶液として使用)6重量を加えて溶解させた。   Next, 8 parts by weight of chitosan (manufactured by Kyowa Technos, trade name; C-60M deacetylation degree = 88%) is gradually added, and 6 weights of acrylic acid (used as an 80% aqueous solution manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) is added. Dissolved.

液を60℃に昇温しながら、窒素ガスを導入した。反応温度を60℃に保持した状態で、重合性単量体としてメチルメタアクリレート1.6重量部、シクロヘキシルメタアクリレート80重量部および2−エチルヘキシルメタアクリレート60重量部の計151.6重量部(何れも市販試薬;和光純薬品)を滴下ロートを用い、2時間かけて徐々に滴下した。滴下終了後、反応温度を70℃にして熟成させた。2時間経過後、冷却した。得られたエマルションは、不揮発分30重量%、粘度5000mPa・s(BM型粘度計)、pH6の物性であった。得られたエマルションは、粘度が高く、凝集物が生成し濾過性も低い状態であった。   Nitrogen gas was introduced while raising the temperature to 60 ° C. With the reaction temperature maintained at 60 ° C., a total of 151.6 parts by weight of a polymerizable monomer (1.6 parts by weight of methyl methacrylate, 80 parts by weight of cyclohexyl methacrylate and 60 parts by weight of 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate) Was also added dropwise over 2 hours using a dropping funnel. After completion of the dropping, the reaction temperature was set to 70 ° C. and aging was performed. After 2 hours, it was cooled. The obtained emulsion had a non-volatile content of 30% by weight, a viscosity of 5000 mPa · s (BM type viscometer), and a pH of 6. The obtained emulsion had a high viscosity, aggregates were formed, and the filterability was low.

[比較例2](キトサン含有エマルション含有水系クリヤー塗料の調製)
比較例1で得られたキトサン含有エマルションをガーゼで濾過したもの60重量部、アクリル樹脂エマルション(日本エヌエスシー社製、商品名;AD−77)37重量部および沸点274℃のトリプロピレングリコールn−ブチルエーテル(ダウ・ケミカル社製、商品名;ダワノールTPnB)3重量部をディスパーで均一に低速攪拌混合し、樹脂組成物を調製した。
[Comparative Example 2] (Preparation of water-based clear coating material containing chitosan-containing emulsion)
60 parts by weight of the chitosan-containing emulsion obtained in Comparative Example 1 filtered through gauze, 37 parts by weight of an acrylic resin emulsion (trade name: AD-77, manufactured by NSC Japan) and tripropylene glycol n- with a boiling point of 274 ° C. A resin composition was prepared by uniformly mixing 3 parts by weight of butyl ether (manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: Dawanol TPnB) with a disper at low speed.

得られた塗料組成物をガラス板(25cm )に刷毛を用いて0.25g塗布し常温で乾燥させた結果、僅かに白化し、細かい凝集物が存在するフィルムを得た。 The obtained coating composition was applied to a glass plate (25 cm 2 ) with 0.25 g using a brush and dried at room temperature. As a result, the film was slightly whitened and a film containing fine aggregates was obtained.

[性能評価]
(1) フィルムの物性

Figure 2005272649
[Performance evaluation]
(1) Film properties
Figure 2005272649

(2) フィルムの悪臭成分吸着試験
実施例2で得られたクリヤー塗料組成物をガラス板(10cm×8cm)に約2gのエマルション塗布量になるようにフローコートし、常温で48時間乾燥させた。得られた試験板を密閉容器内に入れ、窒素ガスで内部を置換した。次に、所定量の悪臭成分を注入し、一定時間後の悪臭成分ガス濃度を分析機器により測定した。
(2) Odor component adsorption test of film The clear coating composition obtained in Example 2 was flow-coated on a glass plate (10 cm × 8 cm) so as to give an emulsion coating amount of about 2 g, and dried at room temperature for 48 hours. . The obtained test plate was placed in a sealed container, and the inside was replaced with nitrogen gas. Next, a predetermined amount of malodorous component was injected, and the malodorous component gas concentration after a certain time was measured with an analytical instrument.

[対象物質] ホルムアルデヒド(誘導体化後に液体クロマトグラフィー)
硫化水素(ガスクロマトグラフィー)
アンモニア(イオンクロマトグラフィー)
[測定結果](単位;ppm)

Figure 2005272649
[Target substance] Formaldehyde (liquid chromatography after derivatization)
Hydrogen sulfide (gas chromatography)
Ammonia (ion chromatography)
[Measurement results] (unit: ppm)
Figure 2005272649

(3) 抗菌性試験
実施例2で調製したフィルムについて、JIS Z 2801:2000「抗菌加工製品−抗菌効果」5.2プラスチック製品などの試験方法により、抗菌性試験を行った。抗菌活性値は下式により求めた。
(3) Antibacterial test The film prepared in Example 2 was subjected to an antibacterial test by a test method such as JIS Z 2801: 2000 “Antimicrobial processed product-antibacterial effect” 5.2 plastic product. The antibacterial activity value was determined by the following formula.

抗菌活性値=log(B/C)
B:ポリエチレンフィルム試験片(無加工試験片)の24時間後の生菌数
C:実施例2で調製したフィルム(検体)の24時間後の生菌数
Antibacterial activity value = log (B / C)
B: Viable count after 24 hours of polyethylene film test piece (unprocessed test piece) C: Viable count after 24 hours of film (specimen) prepared in Example 2

試験結果を表3に示し、抗菌活性値を表4に示し、フイルムおよび菌液の概要を表5に示す。

Figure 2005272649
The test results are shown in Table 3, the antibacterial activity value is shown in Table 4, and the outline of the film and the bacterial solution is shown in Table 5.
Figure 2005272649

Figure 2005272649
Figure 2005272649

Figure 2005272649
Figure 2005272649

(4) アセトアルデヒドの吸着試験
実施例1で得られたキトサン量を変化させたエマルションを用い、実施例2の処方に準拠して得た樹脂組成物をガラス板(5cm×5cm)に約1gの塗布量になるようにフローコートし、常温で48時間、70℃で16時間乾燥させた。
(4) Adsorption test of acetaldehyde Using the emulsion obtained by changing the amount of chitosan obtained in Example 1, about 1 g of a resin composition obtained in accordance with the formulation of Example 2 was applied to a glass plate (5 cm × 5 cm). Flow coating was applied to achieve a coating amount, followed by drying at room temperature for 48 hours and at 70 ° C. for 16 hours.

試験板をにおい袋内に入れ、窒素ガスで内部を置換した。次に、所定量のアセトアルデヒド50重量%水溶液0.03mlをマイクロシリンジで注入し、一定時間後のガス濃度をガス検知管により測定した。残存率(%)を示す。測定結果を表6に示す。

Figure 2005272649
The test plate was placed in an odor bag and the inside was replaced with nitrogen gas. Next, 0.03 ml of a predetermined amount of 50% by weight aqueous solution of acetaldehyde was injected with a microsyringe, and the gas concentration after a certain time was measured with a gas detector tube. Remaining rate (%) is shown. Table 6 shows the measurement results.
Figure 2005272649

Claims (5)

キトサン又はその誘導体とラジカル重合性単量体を含むエマルションと、重合開始剤を含むエマルションとを予め調製しておき、前者のエマルションを後者のエマルションに添加して単量体を重合させることにより得られるキトサン含有エマルションからなる水系クリヤー塗料組成物。 Obtained by preliminarily preparing an emulsion containing chitosan or a derivative thereof and a radical polymerizable monomer and an emulsion containing a polymerization initiator, and adding the former emulsion to the latter emulsion to polymerize the monomer. A water-based clear coating composition comprising a chitosan-containing emulsion. さらに、ガラス転移温度50〜90℃のアクリル樹脂を含む請求項1記載の水系クリヤー塗料組成物。 The water-based clear coating composition according to claim 1, further comprising an acrylic resin having a glass transition temperature of 50 to 90 ° C. さらに、水系ウレタン樹脂を含む請求項1又は2記載の水系クリヤー塗料組成物。 The water-based clear coating composition according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a water-based urethane resin. 木部の塗装に用いられる請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の水系クリヤー塗料組成物。 The water-based clear coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is used for painting a wood part. 内装材の塗装に用いられる請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の水系クリヤー塗料組成物。
The water-based clear coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is used for coating an interior material.
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WO2020184722A1 (en) * 2019-03-13 2020-09-17 大日本塗料株式会社 Water-based coating composition, coating film, and coated article
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