JP2005269580A - Injection synchronized self-oscillation pwm modulator system - Google Patents

Injection synchronized self-oscillation pwm modulator system Download PDF

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JP2005269580A
JP2005269580A JP2004116190A JP2004116190A JP2005269580A JP 2005269580 A JP2005269580 A JP 2005269580A JP 2004116190 A JP2004116190 A JP 2004116190A JP 2004116190 A JP2004116190 A JP 2004116190A JP 2005269580 A JP2005269580 A JP 2005269580A
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self
oscillation
pwm modulator
frequency
oscillator
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Koichi Nakagawa
浩一 中川
Iwao Sagara
岩男 相良
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate the noise produced by an interference due to a mutual oscillation frequency of a plurality of self-oscillation PWM modulators, in a multi-channel audio system composed of a digital amplifier by a self-induced oscillation PWM modulator. <P>SOLUTION: An external oscillator is injected to a plurality of self-oscillation PWM modulators composing a multi-channel audio system and are compulsorily synchronized with the frequency of the external oscillator. Thus, the oscillation frequency of all of the self-oscillation PWM modulators is made equal, to solve the problems. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、音響システム用デジタルアンプの自励発振型PWMモジュレータに関する。The present invention relates to a self-oscillation type PWM modulator of a digital amplifier for an acoustic system.

デジタルアンプには、オーディオ信号をパルス幅に変えるPWMモジュレータが使われている。PWMモジュレータは、アナログ信号もしくはデジタル信号でパルス幅変調するが、アナログ信号で変調する時は、アナログ信号と外部からの三角波をコンパレータで比較して、PWM変調波を生成する。  The digital amplifier uses a PWM modulator that converts an audio signal into a pulse width. The PWM modulator performs pulse width modulation with an analog signal or a digital signal. When modulating with an analog signal, the analog signal and an external triangular wave are compared by a comparator to generate a PWM modulated wave.

しかし、外部から三角波を加えずにPWMモジュレータ自身で三角波を発生し、PWM変調を行う自励発振型PWMモジュレータと呼ばれるものもある。自励発振型PWMモジュレータは、非特許文献1に詳しいが、図2に示すように、コンデンサ24と増輻器21からなる積分器、コンパレータ22、出力スイッチング回路23から構成され、出力をフィードバック抵抗27をとおして入力に正帰還するループを形成する。ループ内の積分器は、自動的に三角波を生成する。三角波はコンパレータ22でオーディオ信号との比較され、パルス幅変調信号が生成される。なお、アンプ入力抵抗25とアンプ帰還抵抗26はシュミット・トリガ回路を構成しており、発振周波数を安定化するものである。オーディオ信号源30から入力されたオーディオ信号は、20によりパルス幅変調信号に変換され、ローパスフィルタ40を通って再びオーディオ信号に変換され、スピーカ50を駆動する。  However, there is a so-called self-oscillation type PWM modulator that generates a triangular wave by itself without applying a triangular wave from the outside and performs PWM modulation. As shown in FIG. 2, the self-excited oscillation type PWM modulator is composed of an integrator including a capacitor 24 and a radiator 21, a comparator 22, and an output switching circuit 23 as shown in FIG. A loop for positive feedback to the input through 27 is formed. The integrator in the loop automatically generates a triangular wave. The triangular wave is compared with the audio signal by the comparator 22 to generate a pulse width modulation signal. The amplifier input resistor 25 and the amplifier feedback resistor 26 constitute a Schmitt trigger circuit, and stabilize the oscillation frequency. The audio signal input from the audio signal source 30 is converted into a pulse width modulation signal by 20, is converted again to an audio signal through the low-pass filter 40, and drives the speaker 50.

自励発振型PWMモジュレータは、外部からの三角波の印加の必要もなく、周波数の低いオーディオ信号に対してループは負帰還として働くため、変調特性も良好という利点がある。これらの利点より、自励発振型PWMモジュレータによるデジタル・アンプは、多くのAV機器に採用されている。
CQ出版社 トランジスタ技術 2003年8月号 黒田徹 汎用ロジックICで作る1W出力のデジタル・アンプ 191〜198ページ
The self-oscillation type PWM modulator does not require the application of a triangular wave from the outside, and the loop functions as a negative feedback with respect to an audio signal having a low frequency. Because of these advantages, digital amplifiers using self-excited oscillation type PWM modulators are used in many AV devices.
CQ Publishing Co., Ltd. Transistor technology August 2003 Toru Kuroda 1W output digital amplifier made with general-purpose logic IC 191-198 pages

発明が解決しようとしている課題Problems to be solved by the invention

自励発振型PWMモジュレータは、簡単な構成で特性も良い反面、複数のアンプとして同時に動作させた時問題がある。マルチチャンネル・オーディオシステムに自励発振型PWMモジュレータを使うと、各自励発振型PWMモジュレータのパルスが異なった周波数で発振するため、周波数相互の干渉により生ずるビート周波数生じ、アンプの雑音となる。  The self-excited oscillation type PWM modulator has a simple configuration and good characteristics, but has a problem when operated as a plurality of amplifiers simultaneously. If a self-oscillation type PWM modulator is used in a multi-channel audio system, the pulses of each self-excitation oscillation type PWM modulator oscillate at different frequencies, so that a beat frequency is generated due to interference between frequencies, resulting in amplifier noise.

ステレオアンプとして、二つの自励発振型PWMモジュレータが使用される場合は、両者の発振周波数の差をオーディオ周波数帯域以上に離しておけば問題はないが、5.1チャンネルオーディオシステムのように、6個のアンプが同時に動作する場合は相互の干渉は避けられない。  When two self-oscillation type PWM modulators are used as a stereo amplifier, there is no problem if the difference between the oscillation frequencies of the two is separated to the audio frequency band or more, but like a 5.1 channel audio system, If six amplifiers operate simultaneously, mutual interference is inevitable.

課題を解決するための手段Means for solving the problem

この問題を解決する手段として、請求項1のように同時動作する複数のデジタルアンプの自励発振型PWMモジュレータ発振周波数を一つの外部発振器の周波数に注入同期した。
複数の自励発振型PWMモジュレータへの注入同期は、抵抗もしくはコンデンサを介して、一つの外部発振器から行い、すべての自励発振型PWMモジュレータの発振周波数を外部発振器の周波数に同期する。
As means for solving this problem, the self-excited oscillation type PWM modulator oscillation frequency of a plurality of digital amplifiers operating simultaneously as in claim 1 is injection-locked to the frequency of one external oscillator.
Injection locking to a plurality of self-oscillation type PWM modulators is performed from one external oscillator via resistors or capacitors, and the oscillation frequencies of all self-oscillation type PWM modulators are synchronized with the frequencies of the external oscillators.

発明の効果The invention's effect

複数の自励発振型PWMモジュレータの発振周波数を別に設けた一つの発振器を注入同期することにより、自励発振型PWMモジュレータの簡単な構成と良好な特性を維持し、複数の自励発振型PWM発振器の発振周波数を同期でき、相互干渉によるビート妨害を皆無にすることが出来る効果がある。  A single oscillator with separate oscillation frequencies of a plurality of self-oscillation type PWM modulators is injection-locked to maintain the simple configuration and good characteristics of the self-oscillation type PWM modulator. There is an effect that the oscillation frequency of the oscillator can be synchronized and beat interference due to mutual interference can be eliminated.

また、別に設ける発振器も自励発振器と同様のものでもよく、注入同期のための結合も抵抗もしくはコンデンサよく、システム全体としての簡単化も計れる効果がある。  In addition, the oscillator provided separately may be the same as the self-excited oscillator, and the coupling for injection locking may be a resistor or a capacitor, so that the entire system can be simplified.

複数の自励発振器型PWMモジュレータに外部に設けた発振器の出力をバファアンプと結合抵抗を介して注入して、全ての複数の自励発振器型PWMモジュレータの周波数を同期した。  Outputs of an externally provided oscillator are injected into a plurality of self-excited oscillator type PWM modulators through buffer amplifiers and coupling resistors, and the frequencies of all the plurality of self-excited oscillator type PWM modulators are synchronized.

図1は本発明による一実施例を示すもので、図に従って動作を説明する。
20は自励発振型PWMモジュレータで、すでに図2で説明したものと同様な動作をするもので、マルチチャンネル・デジタルアンプシステムを構成している。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment according to the present invention, and its operation will be described with reference to the drawing.
Reference numeral 20 denotes a self-excited oscillation type PWM modulator which operates in the same manner as already described with reference to FIG. 2, and constitutes a multi-channel digital amplifier system.

10は注入同期のための別に設けた基準発振器である。発振器の出力は、20のスイッチングパルスと同じ電圧レベルの矩形波で、その周波数は20のスイッチング周波数の近くに設定されている。20からの出力は、バッファアンプ11をとおり、抵抗12により自励発振器型PWMモジュレータ20の回路の一部に注入される。これにより、自励発振型PWMモジュレータの周波数は10の発振周波数同期される。  Reference numeral 10 is a reference oscillator separately provided for injection locking. The output of the oscillator is a rectangular wave having the same voltage level as the 20 switching pulses, and its frequency is set close to the 20 switching frequency. The output from 20 passes through the buffer amplifier 11 and is injected into a part of the circuit of the self-excited oscillator type PWM modulator 20 by the resistor 12. Thereby, the frequency of the self-excited oscillation type PWM modulator is synchronized with 10 oscillation frequencies.

注入同期は、自然界で二つの振動系が、結合すると二つの振動系の振動数が一致する現象を発振器に適用したもので、よく知られている。外部発振器の出力を強制的に自励発振器へ注入すると、自励発振器の発振周波数が一定の周波数範囲で外部発振器の周波数に同期追従する。この現象は、自励型PWMモジュレータのような方形波発振器においても例外ではない。以下同様な接続により、バッファアンプ31〜35と抵抗12を介して20が、各自励発振型PWMモジュレータに結合され、それらを同期し、すべての発振周波数が一致することになる。  Injection locking is a well-known phenomenon in which two vibration systems in nature are applied to an oscillator in which the vibration frequencies of the two vibration systems coincide when combined. When the output of the external oscillator is forcibly injected into the self-excited oscillator, the oscillation frequency of the self-excited oscillator follows the frequency of the external oscillator in a fixed frequency range. This phenomenon is no exception even in a square wave oscillator such as a self-excited PWM modulator. By the same connection, 20 are coupled to the self-oscillation type PWM modulators 20 through the buffer amplifiers 31 to 35 and the resistor 12 to synchronize them, so that all oscillation frequencies coincide with each other.

なお、20の出力に入れた各バッファアンプ11は、各自励発振型モジュレータの干渉を軽減するためのものである。
また、バッファアンプと結合抵抗12をそれぞれ全て同じものとすれば、変調特性をより良好なものとすることが出来る。
Note that each buffer amplifier 11 put into the output of 20 is for reducing interference of each self-excited oscillation type modulator.
If the buffer amplifier and the coupling resistor 12 are all the same, the modulation characteristics can be improved.

自励発振型PWMモジュレータ20を非特許文献にあるように、汎用ロジックIC74HCU04を用いて、構成しときの1kHzオーディオ信号の歪率は、0.5V出力時0.025%であり、前記の構成により、外部発振器に注入同期しなときの歪率も同様値であったことを確認した。なお、外部発振器のパルス周波数は800kHzで、74HCU04の一つのインバータをとおして220kΩの抵抗を介して20に結合した。  As described in Non-Patent Document, the self-oscillation type PWM modulator 20 using the general-purpose logic IC 74HCU04 has a distortion rate of 1 kHz audio signal of 0.025% at 0.5 V output, and the above configuration Thus, it was confirmed that the distortion was the same value when the injection was not synchronized with the external oscillator. The pulse frequency of the external oscillator is 800 kHz, and is coupled to 20 through a 220 kΩ resistor through one inverter of 74HCU04.

なお、各自励発振型PWMモジュレータへの結合抵抗の違いなどにより、注入する同期信号の位相が異なると各々の自励発振型PWMモジュレータの歪率が異なるが、すべての自励発振器が注入同期されていれば、これも本発明の範疇に含まれる。  Note that if the phase of the synchronization signal to be injected is different due to the difference in coupling resistance to each self-oscillation type PWM modulator, the distortion factor of each self-oscillation type PWM modulator is different, but all self-excited oscillators are injection-locked. If so, this is also included in the scope of the present invention.

また、自励発振型PWMモジュレータが一つであっても、その発振周波数が不安定なとき、発振周波数を安定にする目的で、発振周波数が安定な発振器を注入同期することも本発明に含まれる。  In addition, even if there is only one self-oscillation type PWM modulator, when the oscillation frequency is unstable, the present invention includes injection locking of an oscillator having a stable oscillation frequency for the purpose of stabilizing the oscillation frequency. It is.

本発明による注入同期した自励発振型PWMモジュレータ方式による一実施形態のブロック図1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an injection-locked self-oscillation type PWM modulator system according to the present invention. 自励発振型PWMモジュレータのブロック図Block diagram of self-oscillation type PWM modulator

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10 基準発振器
20 自励発振型PWMモジュレータ
21 増幅器
22 コンパレータ
23 出力スイッチング回路
24 コンデンサ
25 アンプ入力抵抗
26 アンプ帰還抵抗
27 フィードバック抵抗
30 オーディオ信号源
40 ローパスフィルタ
50 スピーカ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Reference oscillator 20 Self-oscillation type PWM modulator 21 Amplifier 22 Comparator 23 Output switching circuit 24 Capacitor 25 Amplifier input resistance 26 Amplifier feedback resistance 27 Feedback resistance 30 Audio signal source 40 Low-pass filter 50 Speaker

Claims (1)

一つの発振器の発振周波数により、複数もしくは一つの自励発振型PWMモジュレータの発振周波数が注入同期されることを特徴とする注入同期自励発振型PWMモジュレータ方式。An injection-locked self-oscillation type PWM modulator system, wherein the oscillation frequency of a plurality or one self-oscillation type PWM modulator is injection-locked by the oscillation frequency of one oscillator.
JP2004116190A 2004-03-16 2004-03-16 Injection synchronized self-oscillation pwm modulator system Pending JP2005269580A (en)

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US7459968B2 (en) 2004-09-21 2008-12-02 Rohm Co., Ltd. Audio power amplifier IC and audio system provided with the same
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US7952426B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2011-05-31 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Digital audio amplifier and digital audio amplifying method therefor
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US9379679B2 (en) 2011-11-04 2016-06-28 Yamaha Corporation Self-oscillating class-D amplifier and self-oscillating frequency control method for self-oscillating class-D amplifier
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