JP2005255840A - Hydrogen producing apparatus - Google Patents

Hydrogen producing apparatus Download PDF

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JP2005255840A
JP2005255840A JP2004069085A JP2004069085A JP2005255840A JP 2005255840 A JP2005255840 A JP 2005255840A JP 2004069085 A JP2004069085 A JP 2004069085A JP 2004069085 A JP2004069085 A JP 2004069085A JP 2005255840 A JP2005255840 A JP 2005255840A
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water
electrolysis
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gasification
hydrogen
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Osamu Yamamoto
修 山本
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an efficient apparatus in which oxygen generated in a water electrolysis apparatus is easily utilized for gasification of biomass, and exhaust heat and produced water from a biomass gasification apparatus are effectively used. <P>SOLUTION: Water electrolysis is performed by supplying pressurized water for electrolysis to an electrolytic cell 11, and yielded high-pressure oxygen is adjusted by a pressure regulating valve 16 and sent to a gasification furnace 31 of a biomass gasification apparatus 3 to gasify biomass. Further, steam yielded in a drying oven 32 is sent to a first heat exchanger 23 for water for electrolysis, and a hot gas yielded in a reforming furnace 33 is sent to a second heat exchanger 24 for water for electrolysis to heat the water for electrolysis. Furthermore, recovered water yielded in a cooler 38 is sent to a water holding tank 21 to utilize it as water for electrolysis. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、水の電気分解（水電解）により水素を製造し、さらにこの水電解で生じる酸素を利用してバイオマスからも水素を製造する水素製造装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a hydrogen production apparatus that produces hydrogen by electrolysis (water electrolysis) of water, and further produces hydrogen from biomass using oxygen generated by the water electrolysis.

自然エネルギーが豊富な地域においては、余剰電力により水を電気分解して水素ガスを製造し、得られた水素ガスを貯蔵、あるいは輸送して燃料として使用することが検討されている。水電解装置により水を電気分解すると水素ガスと酸素ガスが得られるが、このうち水素ガスが特にクリーンな燃料として利用されるのに対して、同時に得られる酸素ガスは他の製造方法により製造された市販の酸素ガスに比べて高価となるため、通常、積極的に使用することなく大気中に排出されてきた。
一方、バイオマスから可燃性ガスを製造する際には、熱分解処理、ガス化処理、メタン発酵ガスの改質処理等の変換処理技術が用いられているが、このうち特にガス化処理の場合には一部を水素ガスに変換することができる。このガス化処理は吸熱反応であるので、一般にバイオマスの一部を燃焼させて反応の持続に必要な熱量を供給して、ガス化処理を行っている。この際一般に、空気を取込み、含まれる酸素を酸化剤として用いてバイオマスを燃焼させる方式が用いられている。このため、取込んだ空気中の窒素が生成ガス中に多量に含まれ、生成ガスの単位体積当たりのカロリー量が低下してしまうという難点がある。また、ガス化処理を行うガス化炉は加圧状態で運転される場合があるが、このように加圧状態で運転する際には、昇圧機器、ブロアー、コンプレッサー等の特別な装置が必要になるので、システムが複雑で、かつ高価となるという問題点がある。なお、水電解で得られる水素が純水素であるのに対して、バイオマスのガス化によって得られる水素には二酸化炭素や微量のメタン等の不純ガスが含まれているので、水電解による水素と同等の純水素とするためには精製する必要がある。しかしながら、精製しない水素でも燃料ガスとして十分使用できる。 In areas rich in natural energy, it has been studied to produce hydrogen gas by electrolyzing water with surplus power and storing or transporting the obtained hydrogen gas for use as fuel. When water is electrolyzed by a water electrolysis device, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are obtained. Of these, hydrogen gas is used as a particularly clean fuel, whereas oxygen gas obtained at the same time is produced by other production methods. Since it is more expensive than commercially available oxygen gas, it has usually been discharged into the atmosphere without being actively used.
On the other hand, when combustible gas is produced from biomass, conversion treatment technologies such as pyrolysis, gasification, and reforming of methane fermentation gas are used. Of these, particularly in the case of gasification Can be partially converted to hydrogen gas. Since this gasification treatment is an endothermic reaction, gasification treatment is generally performed by burning a part of biomass and supplying a heat amount necessary for sustaining the reaction. At this time, generally, a system is used in which air is taken in and biomass is burned using the contained oxygen as an oxidant. For this reason, nitrogen in the taken-in air is contained in a large amount in the produced gas, and there is a problem that the calorie amount per unit volume of the produced gas is lowered. In addition, gasification furnaces that perform gasification may be operated in a pressurized state. When operating in such a pressurized state, special devices such as a booster, a blower, and a compressor are required. Therefore, there is a problem that the system is complicated and expensive. Hydrogen obtained by water electrolysis is pure hydrogen, whereas hydrogen obtained by biomass gasification contains impure gases such as carbon dioxide and trace amounts of methane. In order to obtain equivalent pure hydrogen, it is necessary to purify. However, even unpurified hydrogen can be used sufficiently as fuel gas.

上記のごとき水電解装置の特徴とバイオマスガス化装置の特徴を勘案したバイオマス原料によるメタノール製造方法及びその装置が、特許文献１に開示されている。この製造方法においては、バイオマスをガス化して生じた生成ガスに水電解装置で得られた水素を供給してメタノールを製造する方法や、バイオマスのガス化剤として水電解装置で得られた酸素を供給してメタノールを製造する方法が示されている。
特開２００２−１９３８５８号公報 Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing methanol using a biomass raw material and the apparatus in consideration of the characteristics of a water electrolysis apparatus as described above and the characteristics of a biomass gasification apparatus. In this production method, the hydrogen produced in the water electrolysis device is supplied to the product gas generated by gasifying the biomass to produce methanol, or the oxygen obtained in the water electrolysis device is used as a biomass gasification agent. A method for supplying methanol to produce methanol is shown.
JP 2002-193858 A

上記のように、従来の水電解装置では、水素ガスとともに得られる酸素ガスが利用されることなく大気中に廃棄されており、必ずしも効果的なシステムとして構成されていない。特許文献１に開示されているものにおいては、水電解装置で得られた酸素をバイオマスのガス化装置にガス化剤として供給することによって酸素の有効活用を図っているものの、ガス化装置の各種変換処理に伴って生じる排熱の利用が加味されておらず、システムの熱的損失が極めて多いという欠点がある。
本発明はこのような技術の現状を考慮してなされたもので、本発明の目的は、水電解装置とバイオマスガス化装置とが効果的に連結され、水電解で得られた酸素がバイオマスのガス化に容易に利用されるとともに、排熱や回収水が有効に利用される水素製造装置を提供することにある。 As described above, in a conventional water electrolysis apparatus, oxygen gas obtained together with hydrogen gas is discarded in the atmosphere without being used, and is not necessarily configured as an effective system. In what is disclosed in Patent Document 1, although oxygen obtained by a water electrolysis apparatus is supplied to a biomass gasifier as a gasifying agent, oxygen is effectively utilized. There is a disadvantage that the use of exhaust heat generated in the conversion process is not taken into consideration and the thermal loss of the system is extremely large.
The present invention has been made in view of the current state of the art, and an object of the present invention is to effectively connect a water electrolysis apparatus and a biomass gasification apparatus so that oxygen obtained by water electrolysis can be used for biomass. An object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen production apparatus that is easily used for gasification and that effectively uses exhaust heat and recovered water.

上記の目的を達成するために、本発明においては、
電解槽に貯えた電解用水を水電解することによって水素を得る水電解装置と、乾燥炉で加熱乾燥したバイオマスを酸化剤とともにガス化炉に導入し、熱分解することによって水素を得るバイオマスガス化装置とからなる水素製造装置で、水電解装置の水電解により得られた酸素をガス化炉に導入する前記の酸化剤として用いるものにおいて、
（１）バイオマスガス化装置の排熱、例えば、バイオマスを加熱乾燥する上記の乾燥炉の排熱や、バイオマスを熱分解する上記のガス化炉の排熱を水電解装置の電解槽に貯えられる電解用水の加熱に用いることとする。
（２）また、バイオマスガス化装置の排水に含まれる水分を水電解装置の電解用水として用いることとする。 In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention,
A water electrolysis device that obtains hydrogen by electrolyzing water for electrolysis stored in an electrolyzer, and biomass gasification that obtains hydrogen by introducing thermal heat-dried biomass in a drying furnace together with an oxidizer into a gasification furnace and pyrolyzing it In the hydrogen production apparatus comprising the apparatus, the oxygen obtained by water electrolysis of the water electrolysis apparatus is used as the oxidant introduced into the gasification furnace.
(1) Waste heat from a biomass gasifier, for example, waste heat from the drying furnace that heats and drys the biomass and exhaust heat from the gasifier that pyrolyzes the biomass can be stored in the electrolyzer of the water electrolysis apparatus It shall be used for heating water for electrolysis.
(2) Moreover, suppose that the water | moisture content contained in the waste_water | drain of a biomass gasifier is used as the water for electrolysis of a water electrolysis apparatus.

（３）また、水電解装置の水電解を、加圧状態に保持された電解用水を用いて行い、得られた酸素を制御弁により圧力を調整してガス化炉に導入することとする。   (3) Further, water electrolysis of the water electrolysis apparatus is performed using electrolyzed water held in a pressurized state, and the obtained oxygen is introduced into the gasification furnace with the pressure adjusted by a control valve.

上記（１）のごとくバイオマスガス化装置の乾燥炉の排熱やガス化炉の排熱を水電解装置の電解槽に貯えられる電解用水の加熱に用いれば、バイオマスガス化装置の排熱が有効に利用され、効率よく運転できる水素製造装置が得られる。また、上記（２）のごとくバイオマスガス化装置の排水に含まれる水分を水電解装置の電解水として用いれば、電解水として用いられる水の消費量が低減され、効率の良い水素製造装置が得られる。また、上記（３）のごとく水電解装置の水電解を加圧状態に保持された電解用水を用いて行い、得られた酸素を制御弁により圧力を調整してガス化炉に導入することとすれば、電解槽を耐圧構造とする必要があるが、水電解装置で得られた酸素をコンプレッサー等の加圧手段を介することなくバイオマスガス化装置のガス化炉に導入することができるので、構成がシンプルで、操作性に優れ、かつ効率の良い水素製造装置が得られる。   If the exhaust heat from the drying furnace of the biomass gasifier or the exhaust heat from the gasifier is used to heat the water for electrolysis stored in the electrolyzer of the water electrolyzer as in (1) above, the exhaust heat from the biomass gasifier is effective. Thus, a hydrogen production apparatus that can be operated efficiently can be obtained. Moreover, if the water contained in the waste water of the biomass gasifier is used as the electrolyzed water of the water electrolyzer as in (2) above, the amount of water used as electrolyzed water is reduced, and an efficient hydrogen production apparatus is obtained. It is done. Further, as in (3) above, water electrolysis of the water electrolysis apparatus is performed using electrolyzed water held in a pressurized state, and the obtained oxygen is introduced into the gasification furnace by adjusting the pressure with a control valve; If this is the case, the electrolytic cell needs to have a pressure-resistant structure, but oxygen obtained in the water electrolysis apparatus can be introduced into the gasification furnace of the biomass gasification apparatus without going through a pressurizing means such as a compressor. A hydrogen production apparatus having a simple structure, excellent operability, and efficiency can be obtained.

本発明の水素製造装置の最良の実施形態は、電解槽に貯えた電解用水を水電解することによって水素を得る水電解装置と、乾燥炉で加熱乾燥したバイオマスを酸化剤とともにガス化炉に導入し、熱分解することによって水素を得るバイオマスガス化装置とからなる水素製造装置で、水電解装置の水電解により得られた酸素をガス化炉に導入する前記の酸化剤として用いるものにおいて、乾燥炉より排出された水分を含んだ高温の排出ガスにより電解槽に貯える電解用水を加熱する第一の熱交換器とガス化炉より排出された高温の排出ガスにより電解槽に貯える電解用水を加熱する第二の熱交換器を備え、さらに、第一の熱交換器で冷却された乾燥炉の排出ガスより水分を回収する冷却器と回収された回収水を電解用水の貯水タンクへと送る配管系を備え、さらに、電解用水が貯水タンクから加圧して供給される耐圧構造の電解槽を備え、電解槽での水電解により得られた酸素が制御弁により圧力を調整されてガス化炉へと供給されるように構成された形態にある。   The best embodiment of the hydrogen production apparatus of the present invention is a water electrolysis apparatus that obtains hydrogen by water electrolyzing water for electrolysis stored in an electrolytic cell, and a biomass heat-dried in a drying furnace is introduced into a gasification furnace together with an oxidizing agent. And a hydrogen production apparatus comprising a biomass gasification apparatus that obtains hydrogen by thermal decomposition, wherein the oxygen obtained by water electrolysis of the water electrolysis apparatus is used as the oxidant introduced into the gasification furnace, and is dried. The first heat exchanger that heats the electrolyzed water stored in the electrolytic cell by the high-temperature exhaust gas containing moisture discharged from the furnace and the electrolyzed water stored in the electrolytic cell by the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gasifier A second heat exchanger that collects moisture from the exhaust gas discharged from the drying furnace cooled by the first heat exchanger, and sends the collected recovered water to a water storage tank for electrolysis water. And a pressure-resistant electrolytic tank in which electrolyzed water is pressurized and supplied from a water storage tank, and oxygen obtained by water electrolysis in the electrolytic tank is adjusted in pressure by a control valve to the gasifier And is configured to be supplied.

図１は本発明の水素製造装置の代表的な実施例の構成を示すフロー図である。図において、１は水電解装置であり、３はバイオマスガス化装置である。
水電解装置１には、水電解用セルの積層体と陰極１１ａおよび陽極１１ｂとからなる電解槽１１が備えられており、陰極１１ａと陽極１１ｂの双方に電解用水を供給し、直流電源装置２５より陰極１１ａと陽極１１ｂとの間に直流電圧を印加することによって下記の式（１）のごとき水電解反応が生じて、陰極１１ａ側に水素ガス、陽極１１ｂ側に酸素ガスが発生する。 FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the configuration of a typical embodiment of the hydrogen production apparatus of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a water electrolysis apparatus, and 3 is a biomass gasification apparatus.
The water electrolysis apparatus 1 is provided with an electrolyzer 11 composed of a laminate of water electrolysis cells and a cathode 11a and an anode 11b. The electrolysis water is supplied to both the cathode 11a and the anode 11b, and a DC power supply 25 is provided. Further, by applying a DC voltage between the cathode 11a and the anode 11b, a water electrolysis reaction like the following formula (1) occurs, and hydrogen gas is generated on the cathode 11a side and oxygen gas is generated on the anode 11b side.

（化１）
２Ｈ2Ｏ → ２Ｈ2 ＋ Ｏ2 △Ｈ ＝ 286 kJ/mol （１）
式（１）のように水電解反応が進行すると電解用水が消費されるため、両電極には常時電解用水が供給される。図に見られるごとく、電解用水には、外部より取込んだ市水をイオン交換樹脂２０を通して純化して得た純水が用いられており、貯水タンク２１に貯留させた常圧（約0.1MPa）の純水をコンプレッサー２２によって約1.0 MPaに加圧して耐圧構造に構成された電解槽１１の両極へと送られている。なお、電解用水の供給配管系には、バイオマスガス化装置３の排熱を利用して電解用水の加熱を行うための電解用水第一熱交換器２３，電解用水第二熱交換器２４が備えられている。また、水電解反応によって得られた水素ガスと酸素ガスは、それぞれ水素貯蔵タンク１２と酸素貯蔵タンク１３に貯蔵されたのち、圧力調整弁１５，１６および流量制御弁１４，１７，１８により制御されて、次段の装置へと送られ、消費される。 (Chemical formula 1)
2H 2 O → 2H 2 + O 2 ΔH = 286 kJ / mol (1)
Since water for electrolysis is consumed when the water electrolysis reaction proceeds as in formula (1), water for electrolysis is always supplied to both electrodes. As can be seen from the figure, pure water obtained by purifying city water taken from outside through the ion exchange resin 20 is used for the electrolysis water, and the normal pressure (about 0.1 MPa) stored in the water storage tank 21 is used. ) Is pressurized to about 1.0 MPa by the compressor 22 and sent to both electrodes of the electrolytic cell 11 having a pressure-resistant structure. The electrolysis water supply piping system includes an electrolysis water first heat exchanger 23 and an electrolysis water second heat exchanger 24 for heating electrolysis water using the exhaust heat of the biomass gasifier 3. It has been. The hydrogen gas and oxygen gas obtained by the water electrolysis reaction are stored in the hydrogen storage tank 12 and the oxygen storage tank 13, respectively, and then controlled by the pressure regulating valves 15 and 16 and the flow control valves 14, 17, and 18, respectively. Then, it is sent to the next-stage device and consumed.

一方、バイオマスガス化装置３には、バイオマス原料を乾燥させるための乾燥炉３２、乾燥させたバイオマス原料をガス化するためのガス化炉３１、ガス化炉３１で得られたガスを水素リッチなガスへと改質する改質炉３３等が備えられており、改質ガスから更に水素のみを得る場合には、最終段に図示しない純水素精製装置が組込まれる。本実施例の構成においては、バイオマス原料を投入したガス化炉３１の下部に、水電解装置１の水電解反応によって得られた酸素ガスを、圧力調整弁１６および流量制御弁１７，１８により制御して導入し、図示しない点火装置を用いて点火し、燃焼させて、バイオマス原料のガス化のための熱量を得ている。本装置では水電解装置１の水電解反応を加圧状態で行わせているので、酸素貯蔵タンク１３に貯蔵された酸素ガスは約1.0MPaの高い圧力下にある。これに対してガス化炉３１は常圧に近い圧力で運転されるので、コンプレッサー等のガス加圧手段を備えなくとも酸素ガスをガス化炉３１に容易に導入することができる。 On the other hand, in the biomass gasification apparatus 3 , the drying furnace 32 for drying the biomass material, the gasification furnace 31 for gasifying the dried biomass material, and the gas obtained in the gasification furnace 31 are rich in hydrogen. A reforming furnace 33 or the like for reforming into gas is provided, and when only hydrogen is further obtained from the reformed gas, a pure hydrogen purifier (not shown) is incorporated in the final stage. In the configuration of the present embodiment, the oxygen gas obtained by the water electrolysis reaction of the water electrolysis apparatus 1 is controlled by the pressure regulating valve 16 and the flow rate control valves 17 and 18 in the lower part of the gasification furnace 31 charged with the biomass raw material. Then, it is ignited using an igniter (not shown) and burned to obtain the amount of heat for gasification of the biomass material. In this apparatus, since the water electrolysis reaction of the water electrolysis apparatus 1 is performed in a pressurized state, the oxygen gas stored in the oxygen storage tank 13 is under a high pressure of about 1.0 MPa. On the other hand, since the gasification furnace 31 is operated at a pressure close to normal pressure, oxygen gas can be easily introduced into the gasification furnace 31 without a gas pressurizing means such as a compressor.

ガス化炉３１でガス化されたバイオマスガスは、供給ポンプ３６によって供給される水とともに改質炉３３に送られ、改質される。バイオマスを木質とするとバイオマスガスはセルロースが主成分であり、以下のごとき改質反応が800℃付近の温度で行われる。   The biomass gas gasified in the gasification furnace 31 is sent to the reforming furnace 33 together with water supplied by the supply pump 36 and reformed. When biomass is made of wood, the biomass gas is mainly composed of cellulose, and the following reforming reaction is performed at a temperature of around 800 ° C.

（化２）
Ｃ6Ｈ10Ｏ5＋７Ｈ2Ｏ → ６ＣＯ2＋１２Ｈ2 △Ｈ＝710 kJ/mol （２）
なお、この改質反応においては、反応を確実に起こさせるために、通常、反応式の理論値より多量の水蒸気が供給される。この反応は式に示したように吸熱反応であり、この反応を持続させるためには熱量を供給する必要がある。このため、ガス化炉３１で得られた可燃性ガスの一部を燃焼させる方法が用いられる。この燃焼反応の反応式は次式（３）に示した通りである。 (Chemical formula 2)
C 6 H 10 O 5 + 7H 2 O → 6CO 2 + 12H 2 ΔH = 710 kJ / mol (2)
In this reforming reaction, a larger amount of water vapor is usually supplied than the theoretical value of the reaction formula in order to cause the reaction reliably. This reaction is an endothermic reaction as shown in the equation, and it is necessary to supply heat in order to maintain this reaction. For this reason, the method of burning a part of combustible gas obtained with the gasification furnace 31 is used. The reaction formula of this combustion reaction is as shown in the following formula (3).

（化３）
Ｈ2 ＋（１／２）Ｏ2 → Ｈ2Ｏ △Ｈ＝−286 kJ/mol （３）
改質反応を終えて改質炉３３から排出される高温の生成ガスは、乾燥用空気熱交換器３４に送られて乾燥炉３２に送る乾燥用空気の加熱に使用され、さらに電解用水第二熱交換器２４へと送られて水電解装置１の電解槽１１に送られる電解用水の加熱に使用される。生成ガスはこれらの熱交換器での熱回収によって冷却されたのち、貯水タンク３５に回収される。回収された水の一部は、改質用水として供給ポンプ３６によって再び改質炉３３へと送られる。
乾燥炉３２では、バイオマス原料に含まれる水分を蒸発させるために水分１kg当たり約600 kcal（45.18 kJ/mol）の熱量が必要となるので、上記のごとく乾燥用空気を乾燥用空気熱交換器３４に流して高温生成ガスと熱交換させて加熱し、加熱した乾燥用空気を乾燥炉３２に送ってバイオマス原料を加熱、乾燥させる方法が採られている。乾燥炉３２の乾燥処理によって得られた水蒸気は電解用水第一熱交換器２３へと送られ、水電解装置１の電解槽１１に送られる電解用水の加熱に使用される。電解用水第一熱交換器２３における熱交換によって冷却された水蒸気は続いて冷却器３８へと送られ、水分が回収される。回収水は、水電解装置１の貯水タンク２１へと送られ、電解用水として利用される。 (Chemical formula 3)
H 2 + (1/2) O 2 → H 2 O ΔH = −286 kJ / mol (3)
The high-temperature product gas discharged from the reforming furnace 33 after finishing the reforming reaction is used to heat the drying air sent to the drying air heat exchanger 34 and sent to the drying furnace 32, and further electrolyzed water second. It is sent to the heat exchanger 24 and used for heating water for electrolysis sent to the electrolytic cell 11 of the water electrolysis apparatus 1 . The product gas is cooled by heat recovery in these heat exchangers and then recovered in the water storage tank 35. A part of the collected water is sent again to the reforming furnace 33 by the supply pump 36 as reforming water.
In the drying furnace 32, a heat amount of about 600 kcal (45.18 kJ / mol) per kg of moisture is required to evaporate the moisture contained in the biomass raw material, so that the drying air is converted into the drying air heat exchanger 34 as described above. In which the biomass raw material is heated and dried by sending the heated drying air to the drying furnace 32. The water vapor obtained by the drying treatment in the drying furnace 32 is sent to the electrolysis water first heat exchanger 23 and used for heating the electrolysis water sent to the electrolysis tank 11 of the water electrolysis apparatus 1 . The water vapor cooled by the heat exchange in the electrolyzing water first heat exchanger 23 is then sent to the cooler 38, where moisture is recovered. The recovered water is sent to the water storage tank 21 of the water electrolysis apparatus 1 and used as electrolysis water.

上記のように、本実施例の水電解装置１とバイオマスガス化装置３とからなる水素製造装置では、（１）電解用水第一熱交換器２３と電解用水第二熱交換器２４を組込むことによってバイオマスガス化装置３の排熱が水電解装置１の電解用水の加熱に有効に利用されることとなり、かつ、（２）冷却器３８を組込んで乾燥炉３２で得られた水蒸気より水分を回収し、貯水タンク２１へ送ることとしたのでバイオマスガス化装置３の生成水が有効に利用されることとなった。また、（３）電解槽１１を耐圧構造とし、加圧した電解用水を用いて水電解を行うこととしたので、水電解で得られた酸素が容易にバイオマスガス化装置３のガス化用の酸化剤として使用できることとなり、シンプルな構成の水素製造装置が得られることとなった。なお、本発明はこの実施例の構成に限定されるものではなく、上記の（１）、（２）、（３）の少なくともいずれか一つを備えるものであればよく、また、上記（１）においては、電解用水第一熱交換器２３と電解用水第二熱交換器２４のうちのいずれかを備えるものであってもよい。 As described above, in the hydrogen production apparatus including the water electrolysis apparatus 1 and the biomass gasification apparatus 3 of the present embodiment, (1) the electrolysis water first heat exchanger 23 and the electrolysis water second heat exchanger 24 are incorporated. As a result, the exhaust heat of the biomass gasifier 3 is effectively used for heating the water for electrolysis of the water electrolyzer 1 , and (2) moisture is obtained from the steam obtained in the drying furnace 32 by incorporating the cooler 38. Was recovered and sent to the water storage tank 21, so that the generated water of the biomass gasification apparatus 3 was effectively used. (3) Since the electrolytic cell 11 has a pressure-resistant structure and water electrolysis is performed using pressurized water for electrolysis, oxygen obtained by water electrolysis is easily used for gasification of the biomass gasifier 3. As a result, it can be used as an oxidant, and a hydrogen production apparatus having a simple configuration can be obtained. In addition, this invention is not limited to the structure of this Example, What is necessary is just to provide at least any one of said (1), (2), (3), and said (1) ), Any one of the electrolysis water first heat exchanger 23 and the electrolysis water second heat exchanger 24 may be provided.

以上述べたように、本発明の構成の水素製造装置では、排熱や生成水が回収されて有効に利用される効率的なシステムが構成され、また、酸素の加圧手段を必要としないシンプルな構成が得られるので、水素を使用する各種用途に使用可能であり、特に、自然エネルギーの豊富な地域において、余剰電力を水素燃料に置換して貯蔵あるいは輸送して用いる場合の水素製造装置として有効である。   As described above, in the hydrogen production apparatus having the configuration of the present invention, an efficient system in which exhaust heat and generated water are recovered and used effectively is configured, and a simple system that does not require oxygen pressurizing means is provided. As a hydrogen production device, it can be used for various applications that use hydrogen, especially in areas where natural energy is abundant, when surplus power is replaced with hydrogen fuel and stored or transported. It is valid.

本発明の水素製造装置の代表的な実施例の構成を示すフロー図The flowchart which shows the structure of the typical Example of the hydrogen production apparatus of this invention

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 水電解装置
３ バイオマスガス化装置
１１ 電解槽
１１ａ 陰極
１１ｂ 陽極
１２ 水素貯蔵タンク
１３ 酸素貯蔵タンク
１６ 圧力調整弁
１７，１８ 流量制御弁
２１ 貯水タンク
２２ コンプレッサー
２３ 電解用水第一熱交換器
２４ 電解用水第二熱交換器
２５ 直流電源装置
３１ ガス化炉
３２ 乾燥炉
３３ 改質炉
３５ 貯水タンク
３８ 冷却器
 1 water electrolysis device
3 Biomass Gasifier 11 Electrolysis Tank 11a Cathode 11b Anode 12 Hydrogen Storage Tank 13 Oxygen Storage Tank 16 Pressure Regulating Valve 17, 18 Flow Control Valve 21 Water Storage Tank 22 Compressor 23 Water First Heat Exchanger for Electrolysis 24 Water Second Heat Exchange for Electrolysis 25 DC power supply 31 Gasification furnace 32 Drying furnace 33 Reforming furnace 35 Water storage tank 38 Cooler

Claims (5)

電解槽に貯えた電解用水を水電解することによって水素を得る水電解装置と、乾燥炉で加熱乾燥したバイオマスを酸化剤とともにガス化炉に導入し、熱分解することによって水素を得るバイオマスガス化装置とからなる水素製造装置で、水電解装置の水電解により得られた酸素をガス化炉に導入する前記の酸化剤として用いるものにおいて、バイオマスガス化装置の排熱が水電解装置の電解槽に貯えられる電解用水の加熱に用いられていることを特徴とする水素製造装置。 Water electrolysis device that obtains hydrogen by electrolyzing water for electrolysis stored in an electrolytic cell, and biomass gasification that obtains hydrogen by introducing biomass thermally heated and dried in a drying furnace into a gasification furnace together with an oxidizer A hydrogen production apparatus comprising the apparatus, wherein the oxygen obtained by water electrolysis of the water electrolysis apparatus is used as the oxidant, and the exhaust heat of the biomass gasification apparatus is an electrolytic cell of the water electrolysis apparatus A hydrogen production apparatus characterized by being used for heating water for electrolysis stored in a tank. バイオマスガス化装置の前記の排熱がバイオマスを加熱乾燥する前記の乾燥炉の排熱であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の水素製造装置。 2. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust heat of the biomass gasification apparatus is exhaust heat of the drying furnace for heating and drying biomass. バイオマスガス化装置の前記の排熱がバイオマスを熱分解する前記のガス化炉の排熱であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の水素製造装置。 The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust heat of the biomass gasification apparatus is exhaust heat of the gasification furnace that thermally decomposes biomass. 電解槽に貯えた電解用水を水電解することによって水素を得る水電解装置と、乾燥炉で加熱乾燥したバイオマスを酸化剤とともにガス化炉に導入し、熱分解することによって水素を得るバイオマスガス化装置とからなる水素製造装置で、水電解装置の水電解により得られた酸素をガス化炉に導入する前記の酸化剤として用いるものにおいて、バイオマスガス化装置の排水に含まれる水分が前記水電解装置の電解用水として用いられていることを特徴とする水素製造装置。 Water electrolysis device that obtains hydrogen by electrolyzing water for electrolysis stored in an electrolytic cell, and biomass gasification that obtains hydrogen by introducing biomass thermally heated and dried in a drying furnace into a gasification furnace together with an oxidizer In the hydrogen production apparatus comprising the apparatus and used as the oxidant for introducing oxygen obtained by water electrolysis of the water electrolysis apparatus into the gasification furnace, the water contained in the waste water of the biomass gasification apparatus is the water electrolysis A hydrogen production apparatus characterized by being used as water for electrolysis of the apparatus. 電解槽に貯えた電解用水を水電解することによって水素を得る水電解装置と、乾燥炉で加熱乾燥したバイオマスを酸化剤とともにガス化炉に導入し、熱分解することによって水素を得るバイオマスガス化装置とからなる水素製造装置で、水電解装置の水電解により得られた酸素をガス化炉に導入する前記の酸化剤として用いるものにおいて、水電解装置の水電解が加圧状態に保持された電解用水を用いて行われ、得られた酸素が制御弁により圧力を調整されてガス化炉に導入されていることを特徴とする水素製造装置。
Water electrolysis device that obtains hydrogen by electrolyzing water for electrolysis stored in an electrolytic cell, and biomass gasification that obtains hydrogen by introducing biomass thermally heated and dried in a drying furnace into a gasification furnace together with an oxidizer In the hydrogen production apparatus comprising the apparatus and used as the oxidant for introducing oxygen obtained by water electrolysis of the water electrolysis apparatus into the gasification furnace, the water electrolysis of the water electrolysis apparatus was maintained in a pressurized state. A hydrogen production apparatus characterized in that it is carried out using water for electrolysis, and the obtained oxygen is adjusted in pressure by a control valve and introduced into a gasification furnace.
JP2004069085A 2004-03-11 2004-03-11 Hydrogen producing apparatus Pending JP2005255840A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102066532A (en) * 2008-06-17 2011-05-18 株式会社Ihi Process and equipment for reforming gasification gas
CN114383381A (en) * 2021-11-02 2022-04-22 华陆工程科技有限责任公司 Method for jointly producing green hydrogen, green oxygen and utilizing cold energy

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102066532A (en) * 2008-06-17 2011-05-18 株式会社Ihi Process and equipment for reforming gasification gas
CN102066532B (en) * 2008-06-17 2013-09-25 株式会社Ihi Process and equipment for reforming gasification gas
CN114383381A (en) * 2021-11-02 2022-04-22 华陆工程科技有限责任公司 Method for jointly producing green hydrogen, green oxygen and utilizing cold energy
CN114383381B (en) * 2021-11-02 2023-09-15 华陆工程科技有限责任公司 Method for jointly producing green hydrogen and green oxygen and utilizing cold energy

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