JP2005248196A - Method for recovering useful metal from residue or sludge containing metal powder particle - Google Patents

Method for recovering useful metal from residue or sludge containing metal powder particle Download PDF

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JP2005248196A
JP2005248196A JP2004056026A JP2004056026A JP2005248196A JP 2005248196 A JP2005248196 A JP 2005248196A JP 2004056026 A JP2004056026 A JP 2004056026A JP 2004056026 A JP2004056026 A JP 2004056026A JP 2005248196 A JP2005248196 A JP 2005248196A
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metal
heating
residue
sludge
powder particles
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Akihiro Akahori
昭洋 赤堀
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JOMYAKU SANGYO KK
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JOMYAKU SANGYO KK
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method where organic substances in residue, sludge or the like containing useful metal components are made into an harmless state, so as to be easily removed, and further, the metal components in the residue, sludge or the like are separated and recovered at a low cost, so as to be made recycled as a metal. <P>SOLUTION: Residue, sludge or the like containing rare or useful metal powder particles are recovered from a solution. The residue, sludge or the like are heated, are fed to a carbonization treatment apparatus, are indirectly heated in a heating cylinder, so as to be in a state of being baked in a casserole on an oxygen-free or oxygen-poor condition, and then heated and carbonized. Thus, organic substances in the residue, sludge or the like are heated, decomposed and gasified, are then introduced into a heating furnace, so as to be burned to be made harmless and then exhausted. Further, the metal component powder particles in the residue, sludge or the like are recovered in a state of being mingled with carbonized products of the organic substances. Thereafter, the carbonized products are heated and fed to a burning treatment apparatus to calmly burn only the carbonized components. In this way, the metal components are recovered in the state of oxide or in the state of non-oxide. The recovered metal components are separated by a means of dissolution, extraction or the like. Then, the metal components are smelted and refined, so as to be recycled as a metal. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本願発明は、各種の金属粉末粒子を含む塗料等の残渣物や金属分を含有する汚泥、金属触媒その他のスラッジ等に有機物が含有される廃棄物を炭化処理して、その炭化処理された炭化生成物の灰分中から有用な金属を回収する方法とその処理装置に関するもので、中でも、産業廃棄物として投棄が許されない重金属類や希少または有用な金属等を含有する有機性残渣物やスラッジ等を加熱、炭化処理して、該炭化処理生成物中から有用な金属を分離、回収する方法とその処理装置に関するものである。   The present invention carbonizes carbonized waste by carbonizing waste containing organic substances in residue such as paint containing various metal powder particles, sludge containing metal content, metal catalyst and other sludge, etc. It relates to a method for recovering useful metals from the ash content of the product and its treatment equipment, and in particular, organic residues and sludge containing heavy metals that are not allowed to be dumped as industrial waste, rare or useful metals, etc. Is heated and carbonized to separate and recover useful metals from the carbonized product and a processing apparatus therefor.

従来の技術Conventional technology

現在、世の中に流通している各種の製品の中には、製品の品質を高めたり、製品が錆びるのを保護したり、製品を使い易くしたりするか、あるいは、製品の見栄えを良くしたり、製品の出所を明らかにしたりするために、製品に各種の塗装や印刷が施されているものが多々ある。
これらの塗装や印刷が施された製品としては、例えば、自動車やバス、電車等の車輌、あるいは、各種の家具や台所製品、その他が多種多様存在するが、それらのものは、製品を構成する金属やその他の材料の表面に、金属類からなる顔料を含む各種の塗料や絵の具、インク等が直接に塗布されたものである。
Among the various products that are currently distributed in the world, the quality of the product is improved, the product is protected from rusting, the product is made easier to use, or the product looks good. Many products have been painted or printed to clarify the origin of the product.
There are various types of products that have been painted or printed, such as automobiles, buses, trains, etc., or various furniture and kitchen products. These products constitute the products. Various paints, paints, inks and the like containing pigments made of metals are directly applied to the surface of metal or other materials.

そして、前記したような製品に対して各種の塗料やインクを塗布する手段としては、塗料を電気力により吸着、塗布する静電塗装、あるいは、塗料を水や有機溶剤に溶いて分散させて塗布する湿式塗装等の手段が一般に採用されている。
ところで、大量生産される上記のような製品に対して各種の塗料やインクを塗布するには、各種の塗料やインク等は噴射ノズルを通して噴霧して塗着させる方法が採られているが、これらの塗装に於いては、各種の塗料やインクは製品に塗着されずに空気中に飛び散って落下して廃棄されたり、製品の各ロット毎に塗料やインクの色を変える色替え操作等により使用不能な状態で廃棄物となる塗料やインク等が発生する。
そして、これらの使用不可能となった塗料やインク等の廃棄物は、通常は洗浄水や有機溶媒等により洗浄されて、沈殿槽に集められてスラッジ等の状態で処分されるが、塗料やインクの顔料には各種の金属を酸化物の微粉末状にしたものが用いられている。
And as a means for applying various paints and inks to the products as described above, electrostatic paint that attracts and applies paints by electric force, or paint is dissolved and dispersed in water or organic solvent. Means such as wet coating are generally employed.
By the way, in order to apply various paints and inks to the above-mentioned products that are mass-produced, various paints and inks are applied by spraying them through an injection nozzle. In coating, various paints and inks are not applied to the product but are scattered and dropped in the air and discarded, or by changing the color of the paint and ink for each lot of the product, etc. Paint or ink that becomes waste in the unusable state is generated.
These waste materials such as paints and inks that have become unusable are usually washed with washing water or organic solvent, collected in a sedimentation tank, and disposed of as sludge. Ink pigments are made of various metals in the form of fine oxide powders.

また、各種フィルムの現像廃液のスラッジや金属等のエッチング液の沈殿残渣物、化学反応装置の洗浄廃液の残渣物等は、各種のマスキング材や塗膜、錆止め材、接着剤等の有機物に各種の金属粉末微粒子が混ざった状態でスラッジ等に形成されて、それを色々な手段により処理されている。
更に、現像して使用済みとなった各種のフィルムは、時間が経って不要になると廃棄されるが、その処分方法としては、通常、フィルム基材面上の銀等の感光材を含む塗布層を溶液に溶解するか、フィルムをそのまま焼却処分にするかしてから、溶液スラッジや灰分中から銀等の有用金属を分離、回収している。
しかし、フィルム基材は各種の合成樹脂で形成されていることから、そまま焼却する方法は、近年の社会情勢の変化から環境問題を引き起こしかねない状態になってきている。
In addition, sludge of various film development waste, precipitation residue of etching solution such as metal, and residue of cleaning waste liquid of chemical reaction equipment, various kinds of organic materials such as masking materials, coating films, rust prevention materials, adhesives, etc. The metal powder fine particles are mixed with each other and formed into sludge or the like and processed by various means.
Furthermore, various kinds of films that have been developed and used are discarded when they are no longer needed, but the disposal method is usually a coating layer containing a photosensitive material such as silver on the film substrate surface. Is dissolved in the solution or the film is directly incinerated, and then useful metals such as silver are separated and recovered from the solution sludge and ash.
However, since the film base is formed of various synthetic resins, the method of incineration as it is has become a state that may cause environmental problems due to changes in recent social circumstances.

そして、上記したような各種の残渣物やスラッジ等には、希少あるいは有用な金属が含まれているものがあるので、これらの残渣物やスラッジ等を従来のように単なる産業廃棄物として扱って処理するのではなくて、残渣物やスラッジ等の中に含まれている有用な金属を回収、処理して再利用することが考えられる。
ところで、上記した残渣物やスラッジ等には、合成樹脂材や乳化剤、接着剤その他を構成した色々な有機物が混在するので、そのような有機物を除いて有用な金属分を分離、回収しなければならない。
そこで、前記残渣物やスラッジ等に金属分と共に混在している有機物を除去するには、できるだけ環境面に害を及ぼすことがないような手段を用いて除去することが必要となる。
In addition, since various types of residues and sludges as described above contain rare or useful metals, these residues and sludges are handled as mere industrial waste as in the past. Instead of processing, it is conceivable to recover, process and reuse useful metals contained in residues, sludge, and the like.
By the way, since the above-mentioned residue and sludge contain various organic substances that constitute synthetic resin materials, emulsifiers, adhesives, etc., it is necessary to separate and recover useful metal components except such organic substances. Don't be.
Therefore, in order to remove the organic matter mixed with the metal in the residue, sludge, etc., it is necessary to remove it using a means that does not harm the environment as much as possible.

前記したような廃棄物となる各種の残渣物やスラッジ等を回収して、その中に含まれる有用な金属分を分離、回収して、有効に再利用可能な状態の金属に再生する技術の開発が望まれることから、前記残渣物やスラッジ等の溶液分をできるだけ簡単に取り除いてから、残渣物やスラッジ等に含まれている色々な有機性の物質を無害状態にして簡単に除去できるようにすると共に、残渣物やスラッジ中の金属分を安いコストで分離、回収することができるようにする方法を提供ことを目的とする。
残渣物やスラッジ等を溶解する溶液からある程度の水分等が取り除かれた状態にした残渣物やスラッジ等を加熱、炭化処理することにより、残渣物やスラッジ等に混在する有機物を加熱、炭化、分解せしめてガス化して、無害な状態に燃焼させて除去できるようにすると共に、炭化物から有用な金属分を回収できるようにする。
Technology for recovering various residues and sludge that become waste as described above, separating and recovering useful metals contained therein, and recycling them into metals that can be effectively reused. Since development is desired, it is possible to easily remove various organic substances contained in residues and sludge after removing the residues and sludge solutions as easily as possible. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for separating and recovering metal in residues and sludge at a low cost.
Heating, carbonizing, and decomposing organic substances mixed in residue, sludge, etc. by heating and carbonizing the residue, sludge, etc., after removing some moisture from the solution that dissolves residue, sludge, etc. At the same time, it is gasified so that it can be burned and removed in a harmless state and at the same time useful metals can be recovered from the carbide.

上記したような課題を解決しようとして、出願人は有機性物質を含有する溶液状の残渣物やスラッジ等の中の希少もしくは有用な金属を回収する技術について、長年にわたり鋭意、研究開発を行った結果、特開2001−72979号や特開平9−67580号公報等に提案されている加熱、炭化処理装置を用いて、前記残渣物やスラッジ等を加熱、炭化処理することにより、残渣物やスラッジ等の中の有機性廃棄物は、加熱、炭化、分解せしめてガス化してから燃焼させることにより無害化して除去できることを知り得た。   In an attempt to solve the above-mentioned problems, the applicant has intensively researched and developed over the years for a technique for recovering rare or useful metals in solution-like residues and sludge containing organic substances. As a result, the residue and sludge are heated and carbonized using the heating and carbonization apparatus proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 2001-72979 and 9-67580. It has been found that organic waste in the above can be detoxified and removed by heating, carbonization, decomposition, gasification, and combustion.

そこで、金属分が含まれた残渣物やスラッジ等が溶解している溶液をある程度除いてから、該残渣物やスラッジ等を、上記した発明の加熱、炭化処理装置に供給して、外側から間接加熱して、無酸素または貧酸素状態で蒸し焼き状にして加熱、炭化することにより、残渣物やスラッジ等中の有機性物質は、加熱、分解してガス化すると共に炭化されて、発生した前記ガスは加熱炉内に導入して燃焼させることにより、無害化してから排気可能にする。
また、加熱、炭化処理された前記残渣物やスラッジ等の中に存在した金属分は、有機性物質の炭化物と一緒に混在した状態の炭化生成物として回収してから、該炭化生成物を別の燃焼処理装置に供給して炭化物のみを静かに燃焼させることにより、金属分を酸化物の状態または非酸化物の状態で回収できるようにして、回収した金属酸化物を溶解、抽出等の手段により金属分を分離して、該金属分を精錬、精製することにより金属地金として再生する。
Therefore, after removing to some extent the residue containing metal and the solution in which sludge is dissolved, the residue and sludge are supplied to the heating and carbonization apparatus of the invention described above and indirectly from the outside. By heating, steaming in an oxygen-free or anoxic state and heating and carbonizing, organic substances in residues and sludge etc. are heated, decomposed, gasified and carbonized, and generated The gas is introduced into the heating furnace and burned to make it harmless and then exhaustable.
In addition, the metal content present in the residue and sludge that has been heated and carbonized is recovered as a carbonized product mixed with the organic carbide, and then separated from the carbonized product. The metal component can be recovered in an oxide state or non-oxide state by supplying it to the combustion treatment apparatus of this product to quietly burn only the carbide, and the recovered metal oxide is dissolved, extracted, etc. The metal content is separated by refining and refining and purifying the metal content to regenerate the metal.

本願の発明は、スクリュー等の被処理物を移送する手段を有する加熱円筒体を、加熱炉内に多段状に設けて、加熱円筒体を熱風により外側から加熱処理するようにした加熱、炭化処理装置を用いて、加熱円筒体内の被処理物を撹拌、移送しつつ外側カラ間接加熱して、無酸素または貧酸素状態で加熱、炭化せしめるので、被処理物中の金属粉末が空気中に飛散することもなく、また、発生する分解ガスを加熱炉内で燃焼させて排気することにより環境を害する恐れもなしに、炭化生成物として回収することができる。
そして、二重ダンパーで外気を遮断すると共に、スクリューコンベヤ等による送り速度や被処理物の供給量、加熱円筒を加熱する温度等を調節、制御することにより、最適な条件下で炭化処理を行うことが可能であり、また、炭化した生成物を加熱、燃焼処理装置に供給して還元雰囲気で炭化物のみを静かに燃焼させることにより、金属酸化微粉末等を外部に逸散させることなしに收率良く回収することができる。
The invention of the present application is a heating and carbonization treatment in which a heating cylinder having a means for transferring an object to be processed such as a screw is provided in a multi-stage in a heating furnace, and the heating cylinder is heated from outside by hot air. Using the device, the object to be processed in the heated cylinder is heated and carbonized in an oxygen-free or anoxic state by indirectly heating the outer cylinder while stirring and transferring, so that the metal powder in the object is scattered in the air. In addition, the generated cracked gas can be recovered as a carbonized product without causing harm to the environment by burning it in a heating furnace and exhausting it.
And, while shutting off the outside air with a double damper, carbonization treatment is performed under optimal conditions by adjusting and controlling the feed rate by the screw conveyor, the supply amount of the object to be processed, the temperature for heating the heating cylinder, etc. In addition, by heating the carbonized product to a combustion treatment device and gently burning only the carbide in a reducing atmosphere, the metal oxide fine powder and the like can be stored without dissipating outside. It can be recovered efficiently.

本願発明に於いては、産業廃棄物として処分されている色々な金属粉末粒子と有機物を含有する各種の残渣物やスラッジ等を溶液と共に回収して、残渣物やスラッジを沈殿、濾過等によりある程度の水分を除去する。
そして、回転自在なスクリューコンベヤ等1を内蔵する複数の加熱円筒体3を、熱風発生炉4を連設した熱風加熱式の加熱炉2内に横置きにして多段状に連結して配置して、前記加熱円筒体3を熱風炉からの熱風により外側から加熱して、炭化処理可能にして加熱、炭化処理装置を形成して、該炭化処理装置に前記脱水された残渣物やスラッジ等を供給して加熱、炭化処理可能に構成する。
In the present invention, various metal powder particles disposed as industrial waste and various residues and sludge containing organic substances are collected together with the solution, and the residue and sludge are precipitated to some extent by precipitation, filtration, etc. Remove moisture.
A plurality of heating cylinders 3 containing a rotatable screw conveyor 1 and the like are placed in a hot air heating type heating furnace 2 provided with a hot air generating furnace 4 and connected in a multistage manner. The heating cylinder 3 is heated from the outside by hot air from a hot air furnace so as to be carbonized and heated to form a carbonization apparatus, and the dehydrated residue, sludge and the like are supplied to the carbonization apparatus. Thus, it can be heated and carbonized.

上記のようにして構成された加熱、炭化処理装置に供給された希少あるいは有用な金属分と有機物を含有する残渣物やスラッジ等を、前記スクリューコンベヤ等により加熱円筒体内を攪拌、移送させながら熱風により外熱式に間接加熱することにより炭化させる。
このようにして加熱円筒体内で加熱される残渣物やスラッジ等は、密閉状態の無酸素または貧酸素状態の下で蒸し焼き状にして加熱処理されるので、残渣物やスラッジ等に含まれる有機物は加熱、分解されて炭化物に生成されて、前記残渣物やスラッジ中の金属分は外部に飛散することなしに前記炭化生成物中に混在した状態で回収される。
続いて、前記炭化生成物を、別の加熱、燃焼装置に供給して、炭化物を静かに燃焼させて除去することにより、残渣物やスラッジ中の有用あるいは希少な金属を回収してから、それぞれの金属の種類や性質に適した各種の抽出、精錬法により精製処理して金属地金に再生する。
While the above-configured heating and carbonization processing apparatus is supplied with a rare or useful metal and organic matter residue, sludge, etc. in the heated cylinder while stirring and transferring the hot air Is carbonized by indirect heating externally.
Residues and sludges heated in the heating cylinder in this way are steamed and heated under sealed oxygen-free or anoxic conditions, so the organic matter contained in the residue or sludge is Heated and decomposed to produce carbide, the residue and metal in the sludge are recovered in a mixed state in the carbonized product without being scattered outside.
Subsequently, the carbonized product is supplied to another heating and combustion apparatus, and the carbide is gently burned and removed to recover useful or rare metals in the residue and sludge. The metal is refined by various extraction and refining methods suitable for the type and nature of the metal and regenerated into metal bullion.

本願の発明について、実施例に基づいて図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明すると、以下のようである。
塗料や現像液、エッチング液、化学廃液、その他に金属類や有機物が含まれる残渣物やスラッジ等の溶液を回収して、その中の溶液分を適当な手段により脱水したものを、内部にスクリューコンベヤ等を回転可能に設けた加熱円筒体を多段状に複数連結して加熱炉内に設けて、熱風発生炉で発生した熱風により外熱的に加熱して炭化するように構成された加熱、炭化処理装置に供給して、図1に示すような処理工程を経て、加熱、炭化処理する。(炭化処理工程)
上記のようにして炭化処理された残渣物やスラッジ等の炭化生成物は、加熱、燃焼炉に供給して、できるだけ炎が立たないように静かに燃焼させて炭素分を除去して、金属酸化粉末にはして分離、回収する。(脱炭処理工程)
このようにして回収された前記金属酸化粉末は、酸やアルカリに溶解して金属分を抽出してから、該金属分を精錬することにより金属地金に再生する。(精錬処理工程)
The invention of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings based on embodiments as follows.
Collect paints, developers, etchants, chemical wastes, and other residues and sludge solutions containing metals and organics. A heating cylinder configured to connect a plurality of heating cylinders provided with a conveyor or the like in a multi-stage manner and provided in a heating furnace, and configured to heat and carbonize by heating with hot air generated in a hot air generating furnace, It supplies to a carbonization processing apparatus, and it heats and carbonizes through a process process as shown in FIG. (Carbonization process)
Carbonized products such as residue and sludge that have been carbonized as described above are heated and supplied to a combustion furnace, where they are gently burned to prevent the formation of flames and remove carbon, and metal oxidation. Separate into powder and collect. (Decarburization process)
The metal oxide powder recovered in this manner is dissolved in an acid or alkali to extract a metal component, and then refined to regenerate the metal ingot. (Refining process)

上記した加熱、炭化処理装置は、図2に示すように、内部にスクリューコンベヤ等1を回転可能に設けた加熱円筒体3を多段状に複数連結して加熱炉2内に設けて、熱風発生炉4で発生させた熱風により前記加熱円筒体3を加熱可能に形成されており、前記加熱炉内には熱風発生炉4で発生させた熱風を熱風路16に通して供給して、熱風により前記加熱円筒体3を外側から間接的に加熱せしめて、加熱円筒体内の被加熱処理物を加熱処理して炭化するように構成されている。
そして、上記炭化処理装置はやや低温の加熱処理域3Aとやや高温の加熱処理域3Bとからなり、該炭化処理装置の上部には、スクリューフィーダー5と二重ダンパー6からなる供給装置が連結されおり、また、炭化処理装置の下部には、排出要のスクリューと二重ダンパー9からなる排出装置が設けられていて、加熱円筒体3内の加熱、炭化処理の条件を調節可能に構成されている。
As shown in FIG. 2, the heating and carbonization apparatus described above is provided in the heating furnace 2 by connecting a plurality of heating cylinders 3 in which a screw conveyor or the like 1 is rotatably provided in a multistage manner, thereby generating hot air. The heated cylindrical body 3 is formed so as to be heated by hot air generated in the furnace 4. Hot air generated in the hot air generating furnace 4 is supplied into the heating furnace through a hot air passage 16, and is heated by hot air. The heating cylinder 3 is indirectly heated from the outside, and the object to be heated in the heating cylinder is heated and carbonized.
The carbonization apparatus comprises a slightly low temperature heat treatment area 3A and a slightly high temperature heat treatment area 3B, and a supply apparatus comprising a screw feeder 5 and a double damper 6 is connected to the upper part of the carbonization apparatus. In addition, the lower part of the carbonization apparatus is provided with a discharge device comprising a screw for discharge and a double damper 9 so that the heating and carbonization conditions in the heating cylinder 3 can be adjusted. Yes.

そこで、上記のように構成された加熱、炭化処理装置のフィーダー11に、水分等がある程度除去された被処理物である残渣物やスラッジ等を投入すると、スクリューフィーダー5により二重ダンパー6を通して加熱炉2の上部加熱円筒体3内へと送給されて、該円筒体内をスクリューコンベヤ1により攪拌、移送されながら外側から間接的に加熱されながら、無酸素または貧酸素状下の加熱円筒体3内で蒸し焼き状に300〜500℃の温度で加熱して炭化処理される。
このようにして、炭化処理された炭化生成物は、加熱円筒体3から排出装置へと送られて、冷却、除熱された後に、排出口から二重ダンパー6を通して排出されて貯溜タンク13に回収される。
Therefore, when a residue, sludge, or the like, which is an object to be treated from which moisture or the like has been removed to a certain extent, is put into the feeder 11 of the heating and carbonization apparatus configured as described above, the screw feeder 5 heats through the double damper 6. The cylinder 2 is fed into the upper heating cylinder 3 of the furnace 2 and is heated indirectly from the outside while being stirred and transferred by the screw conveyor 1 while being heated in an oxygen-free or anoxic state. It is carbonized by heating at a temperature of 300 to 500 ° C. in a steamed form.
The carbonized product thus carbonized is sent from the heating cylinder 3 to the discharge device, cooled and removed, and then discharged from the discharge port through the double damper 6 to the storage tank 13. Collected.

上記のようにして炭化された残渣物やスラッジ等の炭化生成物は、貯溜タンクから炭素分を除去するために別に用意した加熱、燃焼装置に供給して、燃焼に必要な最低量の酸素を含む酸素を送って着火点よりも余り高くならない温度の還元雰囲気で加熱することにより、炭化物は炎を上げることなく静かに燃焼されて炭素分のみが除去されることになり、残渣物やスラッジ中の金属分は酸化物の粉末として回収することができる。
このようにして回収された酸化金属粉末は、それぞれの金属種類に適した酸やアルカリ液に溶解させてから、イオン析出法や沈殿法、その他の最適な抽出手段により金属粉末として回収した後で、前記金属粉末を各種の精錬法により精錬して金属地金に再生することができる。
Carbonized products such as residue and sludge carbonized as described above are supplied to a separate heating and combustion device to remove carbon from the storage tank, and the minimum amount of oxygen required for combustion is supplied. By sending oxygen containing it and heating it in a reducing atmosphere at a temperature that is not much higher than the ignition point, the carbides are gently burned without raising the flame and only the carbon content is removed, so that the residue and sludge The metal component can be recovered as an oxide powder.
The metal oxide powder recovered in this manner is dissolved in an acid or alkali solution suitable for each metal type, and then recovered as a metal powder by an ion precipitation method, a precipitation method, or other optimal extraction means. The metal powder can be refined by various refining methods and regenerated into a metal ingot.

本願発明は、上記したように加熱、炭化処理装置を、スクリューコンベヤを回転可能に設けた加熱円筒体を多段状に複数連結して構成したが、必ずしもこのようなものに限定されるものではなくて、単一の加熱円筒体で構成することも可能である。
そして、本願発明は、加熱、炭化処理するのに、加熱円筒体内で撹拌、移送されながら、無酸素状態下で蒸し焼き状に加熱されて炭化処理された炭化生成物を、別の加熱、燃焼装置に供給して、炭化物を燃焼させて除去するのに、炎をたてずに静止状にして炭化物を低い温度で燃焼させて除去することができるので、金属酸化物の粒子を飛散させずに收率良く回収することができる。
また、被処理物が移動する方向と熱風が送られる方向とは向流状態で加熱されるので急激に炭化されることがない。
In the present invention, as described above, the heating and carbonization processing apparatus is configured by connecting a plurality of heating cylinders provided with a screw conveyor so as to be rotatable, but the invention is not necessarily limited thereto. Thus, it is also possible to configure a single heating cylinder.
The invention of the present application is another heating and combustion apparatus for heating and carbonizing the carbonized product which has been stirred and transferred in a heated cylinder while being heated and steamed in an oxygen-free state in a steaming manner. In order to remove the carbide by burning it, it can be removed by burning it at a low temperature by leaving it stationary without burning, so that the metal oxide particles are not scattered. It can be recovered with good yield.
Further, the direction in which the workpiece is moved and the direction in which the hot air is sent are heated in a countercurrent state, so that they are not suddenly carbonized.

尚、本願発明は、上記のようにして回収した金属等を含有する炭化生成物から有用な金属分を抽出して、精錬するのに、金属に適した酸やアルカリを用いて金属分を溶解してから抽出した後に、金属を精錬するようにしたが、本願発明はこのような方法に限定されるものではなくて、金属の種類によっては、前記炭化生成物を飛散させないように適当な大きさの粒状や固形状にしてから、該炭化生成物を精錬する金属のマット材に還元剤として混入せしめて精錬する方法やその他の精錬方法を用いて金属地金として回収することも可能である。
また、場合によっては、炭化処理した炭化生成物は、比重差を利用した選別法により炭素分と金属分とを分離してから精錬することもできる。
In the present invention, a useful metal component is extracted from the carbonized product containing the metal and the like recovered as described above, and the metal component is dissolved using an acid or alkali suitable for the metal. After the extraction, the metal is refined. However, the present invention is not limited to such a method, and depending on the type of metal, an appropriate size may be used so that the carbonized product is not scattered. It is also possible to recover as a metal ingot using a method of refining the carbonized product by refining it by mixing it as a reducing agent into the metal mat material for refining the carbonized product or other refining methods .
In some cases, the carbonized product may be refined after separating the carbon and metal components by a screening method utilizing the difference in specific gravity.

以上、説明したように、本願の発明は、上記したような加熱、炭化処理装置により希少金属が含まれる残渣物やスラッジ等の被処理物を炭化処理したが、本願の発明に於いては、被処理物を加熱、炭化処理する際に、被処理物の状態や供給量に応じて各調整弁等を操作して、加熱円筒体内の処理条件を調節することにより加熱円筒内を最適な状態に保つことができて、また、加熱、炭化処理する際に発生する種々のガスは、ダクト7を介して直接にエジェクター8へ送ったり、また、排気管12の切り換え弁を作動さてエジェクター8を介して熱風発生炉4へ送気して、燃焼炉内で燃料と一緒に燃焼させてることにより補助燃料として使用することができると共に、無色、無臭、無害の気体に燃焼、分解して大気中へ放出することができる。
また、有害な気体が発生しないと考えられる場合には、加熱筒内で発生するガスはそのまま排気ダクトを通して排気してもよいが、その際にもフィルター等を通して排気するのが好ましいと考える。
As described above, the invention of the present application has carbonized the object to be treated such as residue and sludge containing rare metals by the heating and carbonization apparatus as described above. When heating and carbonizing the workpiece, adjust the processing conditions in the heated cylinder by operating each adjustment valve, etc. according to the state and supply amount of the workpiece, and the inside of the heating cylinder is in an optimal state. Various gases generated during heating and carbonization treatment are sent directly to the ejector 8 through the duct 7, or the switching valve of the exhaust pipe 12 is operated to cause the ejector 8 to move. It can be used as an auxiliary fuel by being sent to the hot-air generating furnace 4 and burned together with the fuel in the combustion furnace, and also burned and decomposed into colorless, odorless and harmless gas in the atmosphere Can be released.
In addition, when it is considered that no harmful gas is generated, the gas generated in the heating cylinder may be exhausted through the exhaust duct as it is, but it is preferable to exhaust it through a filter or the like at that time.

本願発明に於ける処理工程を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the process process in this invention. 本願発明に用いた加熱、炭化処理装置を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the heating and carbonization processing apparatus used for this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1. スクリューコンベア
2. 加熱炉
3. 加熱円筒
3A. 低温加熱処理域
3B. 高温加熱処理域
4. 熱風炉
5. スクリューフィーダー
6. 二重ダンパー
7. ダクト
8. エゼクター
9. 二重ダンパー
10. 排出装置
11. ホッパー
12. 排気ダクト
13. 貯留タンク
14. バーナー
16. 熱風路
1. Screw conveyor 2. Heating furnace Heating cylinder 3A. Low temperature heat treatment zone 3B. 3. High temperature heat treatment zone 4. Hot air furnace Screw feeder Double damper 7. Duct 8. Ejector 9. Double damper 10. Discharge device 11. Hopper 12. Exhaust duct 13. Storage tank 14. Burner 16. Hot air path

Claims (7)

加熱炉にスクリューコンベア等を回転可能に支持して内蔵する加熱円筒体を多段状に設けて、前記加熱円筒体を外熱式に加熱可能に形成した加熱炭化処理装置に、各種の金属粉末粒子等の金属分を含有する残渣物やスラッジ等に各種の有機物が含まれる被処理物を供給して、該被処理物を前記加熱円筒体内で間接加熱により無酸素または貧酸素状態下で加熱、炭化せしめて炭化生成物に形成して回収することを特徴とする金属粉末粒子等を含む残渣物やスラッジ等から有用金属分を回収する方法。   Various types of metal powder particles are used in a heating carbonization apparatus in which a heating cylinder that rotatably supports and incorporates a screw conveyor or the like in a heating furnace is provided in multiple stages, and the heating cylinder is formed to be externally heatable. Supplying an object to be treated containing various organic substances such as residue and sludge containing metal components, etc., and heating the object to be treated in an oxygen-free or anoxic state by indirect heating in the heating cylinder, A method for recovering useful metals from residues, sludges, and the like containing metal powder particles, which are carbonized to form a carbonized product for recovery. 加熱炉にスクリューコンベア等を回転可能に支持して内蔵する加熱円筒体を多段状に設けて、前記加熱円筒体を外熱式に加熱可能に形成した加熱炭化処理装置に、各種の金属粉末粒子等の金属分を含有する残渣物やスラッジ等に各種の有機物が含まれる被処理物を供給して、該被処理物を前記加熱円筒体内で攪拌、移送しつつ間接加熱して、無酸素または貧酸素状態下で加熱、炭化せしめて炭化生成物に形成して回収することを特徴とする金属粉末粒子等を含む残渣物やスラッジ等から有用金属分を回収する方法。   Various types of metal powder particles are used in a heating carbonization apparatus in which a heating cylinder that rotatably supports and incorporates a screw conveyor or the like in a heating furnace is provided in multiple stages, and the heating cylinder is formed to be externally heatable. To supply the object to be processed containing various organic substances to the residue or sludge containing the metal component, etc., and indirectly heating the object to be processed while stirring and transferring in the heating cylinder. A method for recovering useful metals from residues, sludges, and the like containing metal powder particles, characterized by heating and carbonizing under poor oxygen conditions to form a carbonized product and recovering it. 前記加熱炭化処理装置により生成した請求項1または請求項2に記載する炭化生成物を、加熱燃焼装置に供給して、炎を立てないようにして炭素分を静かに燃焼させて、酸化金属粉末粒子として回収することを特徴とする金属粉末粒子等を含む残渣物やスラッジ等から有用金属分を回収する方法。   The carbonized product according to claim 1 or 2 produced by the heating carbonization apparatus is supplied to a heating combustion apparatus, and the carbon content is gently burned so as not to set a flame. A method for recovering useful metal from residue or sludge containing metal powder particles, which is recovered as particles. 前記加熱炭化処理装置により生成した請求項1または請求項2に記載する炭化生成物を、酸またはアルカリにより溶解処理してから金属分を抽出して、地金に精錬することを特徴とする金属粉末粒子等を含む残渣物やスラッジ等から有用金属分を回収する方法。   The metal obtained by subjecting the carbonized product produced by the heating carbonization apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 to a dissolution treatment with an acid or an alkali, extracting a metal component, and refining the metal into a metal A method for recovering useful metals from residue and sludge containing powder particles. 前記請求項3に記載する酸化金属粉末粒子を、酸またはアルカリにより溶解処理してから金属分を抽出して、地金に精錬することを特徴とする金属粉末粒子等を含む残渣物やスラッジ等から有用金属分を回収する方法。   The metal oxide powder particles according to claim 3 are subjected to a dissolution treatment with an acid or an alkali, and then a metal content is extracted and refined into a bare metal. Of recovering useful metals from slag. 前記加熱炭化処理装置により生成した請求項1または請求項2に記載する炭化生成物を、精錬用のマット材に形成して、精錬する金属に還元剤として混入して精錬することを特徴とする金属粉末粒子等を含む残渣物やスラッジ等から有用金属分を回収する方法。   The carbonized product according to claim 1 or 2 generated by the heating carbonization apparatus is formed in a mat material for refining, and is refined by being mixed as a reducing agent in a metal to be refined. A method for recovering useful metals from residues and sludge containing metal powder particles. 前記加熱炭化処理装置により生成した請求項1または請求項2に記載する炭化生成物を、精錬する金属に還元剤として混入して精錬した残渣から金属分を抽出、分離して地金に精錬することを特徴とする金属粉末粒子等を含む残渣物やスラッジ等から有用金属分を回収する方法。   The carbonized product according to claim 1 or 2 produced by the heating carbonization apparatus is mixed with a metal to be refined as a reducing agent, and a metal component is extracted from the refined residue, separated and refined into a bare metal. A method for recovering useful metals from residue or sludge containing metal powder particles.
JP2004056026A 2004-03-01 2004-03-01 Method for recovering useful metal from residue or sludge containing metal powder particle Pending JP2005248196A (en)

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