JP3950448B2 - Method and apparatus for producing carbide from waste - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating combustible waste such as municipal waste and solid waste fuel (RDF), and more particularly to a method and apparatus for producing carbide from waste. Note that RDF is an abbreviation for “fused derived fuel”, which is a solid waste fuel obtained by drying, solidifying, and molding waste.

  Conventionally, as a method and apparatus for producing carbide from combustible waste, combustible waste is introduced into a carbonization apparatus and heated in a low oxygen atmosphere to be carbonized, and the carbide is introduced into a wet pulverizer and wet pulverized. In addition, a configuration is known in which after a sufficiently wet state is introduced into a dehydrator, dehydrated, purified, and dried (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

In addition, as a method and apparatus using an adsorbent such as activated carbon produced from waste, after storing municipal waste in the garbage pit, it is introduced into an RDF (garbage solid fuel) production apparatus to produce RDF, This RDF is put into a waste incineration plant and incinerated, and wastewater from the waste incineration plant and waste pit is introduced into a wastewater treatment device, and waste such as sewage sludge is supplied to the activated carbon production device. Powdered activated carbon is manufactured, a part of this activated carbon is introduced into the pre-coated bag filter type deodorizing device and the odor gas from the RDF manufacturing device is introduced to deodorize, and a part of the activated carbon is pre-coated bag filter type dioxins. In addition to being introduced into the removal device, the exhaust gas from the waste incineration plant is introduced to adsorb and remove dioxins in the exhaust gas. The introduced waste water is introduced into the waste water treatment apparatus is known arrangement which is adapted to advanced treatment (see Patent Document 2).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-209768 (second page, FIGS. 1 and 2) JP-A-11-193387 (first page, FIG. 2)

  When using carbide outside the carbide manufacturing apparatus, it is desirable that the concentration of dioxins is as low as possible. Conventionally, incinerator ash heat dechlorination apparatuses generally use an electric heater. In this case, there is a problem that a large amount of electric power is required for heating by the electric heater and the running cost increases. Moreover, in the apparatus as described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, a pulverizer is required in order to increase the surface area of the carbide when chlorine is washed away by washing the carbide. Furthermore, when producing activated carbide, a high temperature of 850 ° C. or higher is required. In this case, there is a problem of chlorine corrosion. Moreover, although it is difficult to sell carbide as a valuable material, activated carbon (activated carbide) as described in Patent Document 2 above can be sold as valuable.

  The problem to be solved is that, conventionally, when producing carbide from waste, dioxins re-synthesized into the carbide are included, and a pulverizer is necessary to efficiently wash the carbide with water. When the carbide is heated to be activated carbide, there is a risk of chlorine corrosion.

  In the carbonization facility for producing carbide from waste or its RDF, the present invention has a carbonization furnace as a fluidized bed type, and a heating dechlorination unit is provided before cooling the carbide recovered by the carbide recovery device, so that highly dioxin is provided. The main feature is that recombination of dioxins is prevented by directly decomposing them and putting the dechlorinated carbide directly into the water tank. In the present invention, the heating and dechlorination section is heated by using sensible heat of carbide or by using sensible heat of carbide and high-temperature exhaust gas from an exhaust gas combustion furnace (recombustion furnace). To do. Furthermore, the carbide whose chlorine content has been lowered by washing with water is converted into an activated carbide by an activated carbonization conveyor. Because the chlorine concentration is low, the problem of chlorine corrosion of the conveyor can be solved. In this case, the combustion gas of the carbonization furnace exhaust gas is used for heating the activated carbonization conveyor.

  The method for producing carbide from the waste of the present invention is a method for producing carbide from waste such as municipal solid waste, solid waste fuel, etc., and the waste is charged into a fluidized bed type carbonization furnace and carbonized, and from the carbonization furnace. The carbide containing exhaust gas is introduced into the carbide separation and recovery device, separated into exhaust gas and carbide, this exhaust gas is introduced into the recombustion furnace to burn the combustible matter in the exhaust gas, and the carbide from the carbide separation and recovery device is heated Introduced into the dechlorination section, heat dechlorination using the sensible heat of the carbide itself as a heat source to decompose dioxins, and then directly input the carbide from the heat dechlorination section into the water tank to dissolve and remove the chlorine compound. It is characterized by preventing the resynthesis of dioxins and then dehydrating the carbide from the water tank to dechlorinated and dehydrated carbide.

  Further, the method for producing carbide from the waste according to the present invention is a method for producing carbide from waste such as municipal solid waste, solid fuel, and the like. Carbide-containing exhaust gas from the furnace is introduced into the carbide separation and recovery device, separated into exhaust gas and carbide, and this exhaust gas is introduced into the recombustion furnace to burn the combustible component in the exhaust gas, and the carbide from the carbide separation and recovery device Is introduced into the heating dechlorination section, and the desulfurization is performed by dechlorinating the sensible heat of the carbide itself to decompose the dioxins, and then the carbide from the heating dechlorination section is directly put into the water tank to dissolve the chlorine compound and desalinate. After removal, the dioxins are prevented from being re-synthesized, and then the carbide from the water tank is dehydrated to dechlorinated and dehydrated carbide, and at least a part of this dechlorinated and dehydrated carbide is provided in the recombustion furnace. Introduced into the activated carbon of the conveyor, and a carbide by heating activated by the heat of combustion of reburning furnace is characterized in that an active carbides.

  In these methods, the carbide from the carbide separator / recoverer is introduced into the heating dechlorination section, and a part of the reburning furnace exhaust gas is introduced into the heating dechlorination section so that the sensible heat of the carbide itself and the reburning furnace exhaust gas are introduced. It is preferable to decompose the dioxins by heat dechlorination using the retained heat as a heat source and then charge the carbide from the heat dechlorination part directly into the water tank.

  The apparatus for producing carbide from the waste of the present invention is an apparatus for producing carbide from waste such as municipal waste, garbage solid fuel, etc., and a fluidized bed type carbonization furnace for charging and carbonizing the waste, A carbide separation and recovery device for separating the exhaust gas and the carbide by introducing the carbide-containing exhaust gas from the carbonization furnace, a recombustion furnace for burning the combustible component in the exhaust gas from the carbide separation and recovery device, and Carbide from the carbide separator / recovery unit is introduced, and the dechlorination unit for heating and dechlorination of the carbide using the sensible heat of the carbide itself as a heat source, and the carbide from this dechlorination unit are directly charged, stirred and washed with water. And a dehydrator for dehydrating dechlorinated carbide from the water agitation tank.

  The apparatus for producing carbide from the waste according to the present invention is an apparatus for producing carbide from waste such as municipal solid waste, solid waste fuel, etc., and is a fluidized bed type carbonization furnace for charging and carbonizing waste. A carbide separation and recovery device for separating the exhaust gas and the carbide by introducing the carbide-containing exhaust gas from the carbonization furnace, and a recombustion furnace for burning the combustible component in the exhaust gas from the carbide separation and recovery device, A heating dechlorination section for introducing carbide from the carbide separation and recovery unit and heating and dechlorinating the carbide using the sensible heat of the carbide itself as a heat source, and directly adding the carbide from the heating dechlorination section and stirring A washing tank for washing with water, a dehydrator for dehydrating dechlorinated carbide from the washing tank, and at least a part of dechlorinated and dehydrated carbide from the dehydrator provided in the reburning furnace. Introduce and relapse Heating activated to the combustion heat of the exhaust gas in the furnace is characterized by comprising activated carbon of the conveyor for the carbides and activity carbides.

  In these devices, the heating dechlorination unit introduces the carbide from the carbide separation and recovery unit and uses the sensible heat of the carbide itself as a heat source, and also introduces a part of the exhaust gas from the recombustion furnace to indirectly heat the carbide. It is preferably configured to heat dechlorinate the carbide.

Since this invention is comprised as mentioned above, there exist the following effects.
(1) The concentration of dioxins contained in a trace amount in the carbide can be further reduced. Moreover, since the heating dechlorination unit does not require an electric heater for heating, the running cost can be reduced. In addition, since the heat dechlorinated carbide is directly put into the washing and stirring tank, resynthesis of dioxins can be prevented.
(2) Since a fluidized bed type carbonization furnace is used as the carbonization furnace, the particle size of the carbides becomes fine, and a pulverizer is not required when the chlorine compound is dissolved and removed by washing with water.
(3) In the case of producing activated carbide , since the chlorine content of the carbide is low, the problem of chlorine corrosion of the activated carbon conveyor does not occur. Moreover, the number of apparatuses can be reduced, and the heat at the time of recombustion of the carbonization furnace exhaust gas can be used for heating the activated carbonization conveyor.
(4) In the case of carbides, it is difficult to be sold as a valuable resource, it is possible to sell Runode to produce activity carbide, this activity carbides valuable.

  In the case of reducing the dioxin concentration of carbide and producing activated carbide, the purpose of preventing chlorine corrosion of activated carbon conveyor is to make the carbonization furnace a fluidized bed in the facility for producing carbide from waste or its RDF. A heating and dechlorination section is provided after the carbide separation and recovery device (for example, cyclone), and the sensible heat of the carbide itself, or the sensible heat of the carbide itself and the recombustion exhaust gas are used as the heat source of the heating and dechlorination section. Then, the carbide discharged from the heating dechlorination unit is directly put into a water tank, and the chlorine compound is dissolved in the water tank to dissolve and desalinate, and then dehydrated with a dehydrator, and further dehydrated. At least a part of the activated carbon is introduced into an activated carbonization conveyor to obtain activated carbide, and this activated carbonization conveyor is provided in the recombustion chamber so that the heat in the recombustion chamber is used for heating. It was realized in the configuration of that.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications. FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for producing carbide from waste according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 10 is a fluidized bed type carbonization furnace, 12 is an air diffuser, and 14 is a fluid medium such as sand. The fluid medium such as sand and the ash and other resource products are introduced into a sorter (for example, vibrating sieve) 16, the fluid medium such as sand is reused, and the resource products are carried out of the system. In addition, it is good also as a structure which consists of a wind box and the air dispersion plate provided in the upper side of this wind box instead of a diffuser tube.

  Wastes such as municipal waste and garbage solid fuel are put into this carbonization furnace. The carbide manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment introduces the above-mentioned fluidized bed type carbonization furnace 10 for introducing and carbonizing waste such as municipal waste and RDF, and the exhaust gas by introducing the carbide-containing exhaust gas from the carbonization furnace 10. A carbide separation / recovery device (for example, a cyclone) 18 for separating the carbide, a recombustion furnace 20 for combusting combustible components in the exhaust gas from the carbide separation / recovery device 18, and a carbide separation / recovery device 18 A heating dechlorination unit (for example, a conveyor) 22 for introducing carbide and heating and dechlorinating the carbide using the sensible heat of the carbide itself as a heat source, and a carbide from the heating dechlorination unit 22 are directly charged by a discharger 24. A washing and stirring tank 26 for stirring and washing with water, and a dehydrator (for example, a centrifugal dehydrator) 28 for dehydrating dechlorinated carbide from the washing and stirring tank 26 are provided. In addition, it is preferable to provide a heat recovery device in the recombustion furnace 20.

  In the apparatus configured as described above, the waste is introduced into the fluidized bed carbonization furnace 10 to be carbonized, and the carbide-containing exhaust gas containing fine carbide from the carbonization furnace 10 is introduced into the carbide separation and recovery unit 18. The exhaust gas is separated into fine powdered carbide, and this exhaust gas is introduced into the re-combustion furnace 20 to burn the combustible component in the exhaust gas, and the fine powdered carbide from the carbide separation and recovery unit 18 is introduced into the heating dechlorination unit 22. Then, after heating and dechlorinating by using the sensible heat of the carbide itself as a heat source to decompose dioxins, the carbide from the heating and dechlorination section 22 is directly put into a water washing and stirring tank 26 to dissolve and demineralize the chlorine compound, Dioxins are prevented from being re-synthesized, and then the carbide from the washing and stirring tank 26 is introduced into the dehydrator 28 and dehydrated to obtain dechlorinated and dehydrated carbide. The dechlorinated / dehydrated carbide is temporarily stored in the carbide hopper 30, loaded onto a truck or the like by the carbide conveyor 32, and carried out of the system.

Further, a jacket 34 is provided in the heating dechlorination unit 22 to introduce carbide from the carbide separation and recovery unit 18 and use the sensible heat of the carbide itself as a heat source, and a part of the exhaust gas from the recombustion furnace 20 to the jacket 34. It is preferable that the carbide is introduced and indirectly heated to dechlorinate the carbide.
In this way, the carbide from the carbide separator / recovery unit 18 is introduced into the heating dechlorination unit 22, and a part of the recombustion furnace exhaust gas is introduced into the jacket 34 of the heating dechlorination unit, so that the sensible heat of the carbide itself is reduced. It is preferable that the heat from the re-combustion furnace exhaust gas is efficiently heated and dechlorinated to decompose dioxins and then the carbide from the heated dechlorination unit 22 is directly charged into the washing and stirring tank 26.

All or most of the exhaust gas from the recombustion furnace 20 is introduced into the gas cooler 36, and the exhaust gas cooled after being cooled by the spray water is introduced into the air preheater 38 to preheat the air. After the slaked lime powder is added to the exhaust gas from the air preheater 38, it is introduced into a dust collector such as the bag filter 40.
By adding slaked lime powder to the exhaust gas, HCl, SOx, etc. in the exhaust gas are removed. The ash and used slaked lime are once stored in the ash hopper 42, then loaded onto a truck or the like by the ash conveyor 44, and carried out of the system. 46 is a slaked lime hopper, and 48 is a chimney.

  FIG. 2 shows an apparatus for producing hydrocarbons from waste according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The carbide manufacturing apparatus of the present embodiment introduces a fluidized bed type carbonization furnace 10 for charging and carbonizing waste such as municipal waste and RDF, and introducing a carbide-containing exhaust gas from the carbonization furnace 10 to generate exhaust gas and carbide. A carbide separation / recovery device (for example, a cyclone) 18 for separating the carbon dioxide, a recombustion furnace 20 for combusting combustible components in the exhaust gas from the carbide separation / recovery device 18, and a carbide from the carbide separation / recovery device 18. A dechlorination unit (for example, a conveyor) 22 for introducing and heating the decarburization of the carbide using the sensible heat of the carbide itself as a heat source, and the carbide from the dechlorination unit 22 are directly charged by the discharger 24 and stirred. A washing and stirring tank 26 for washing with water, a dehydrator (for example, a centrifuge) 28 for dehydrating dechlorinated carbide from the washing and stirring tank 26, and the recombustion furnace 20 are provided. And an activated carbon of the conveyor 50 to the active carbide heating activated to carbides by combustion heat of the exhaust gas at least partially introduced afterburning furnace 20 of dechlorination and dehydration carbides from dehydrator 28. Thus, the reburning furnace 20 and the activated carbonizing conveyor 50 constitute an activated carbonizing furnace. 52 is an activated carbide carry-out conveyor, and 54 is an activated carbide container. In this case, no heat recovery unit is provided in the recombustion furnace 20.

  In the apparatus configured as described above, the waste is introduced into the fluidized bed carbonization furnace 10 to be carbonized, and the carbide-containing exhaust gas containing fine carbide from the carbonization furnace 10 is introduced into the carbide separation and recovery unit 18. , Separated into exhaust gas and finely divided carbide, this exhaust gas is introduced into the reburning furnace 20 to combust combustible matter in the exhaust gas, and the carbide from the carbide separation and recovery unit 18 is introduced into the heating dechlorination unit 22, Dioxins are decomposed by heating and dechlorination using the sensible heat of the carbides themselves as a heat source, and then the carbides from the heating and dechlorination section 22 are directly put into the water washing and stirring tank 26 to dissolve and demineralize and remove chlorine compounds to dioxins. Then, the carbide from the washing and stirring tank 26 is introduced into the dehydrator 28 and dehydrated to obtain dechlorinated / dehydrated carbide, and then at least a part of this dechlorinated / dehydrated carbide, for example, 10 Introduced into the activated carbon of conveyor 50 it provided the degree to reburning furnace 20, a carbide by heating activated by the heat of combustion of reburning furnace 20 as an active carbides. The activated carbide is taken out by the activated carbide carrying conveyor 52 and carried out of the system. A part of the activated carbide may be added to the exhaust gas at the bag filter 40 inlet.

Further, as in the case of the first embodiment (see FIG. 1), a jacket 34 is provided in the heating dechlorination unit 22 to introduce carbide from the carbide separation and recovery unit 18 and use the sensible heat of the carbide itself as a heat source. At the same time, it is preferable that a part of the exhaust gas from the recombustion furnace 20 is introduced into the jacket 34 to indirectly heat the carbide to heat and dechlorinate the carbide.
In this way, the carbide from the carbide separator / recovery unit 18 is introduced into the heating dechlorination unit 22, and a part of the recombustion furnace exhaust gas is introduced into the jacket 34 of the heating dechlorination unit, so that the sensible heat of the carbide itself is reduced. It is preferable that the heat from the re-combustion furnace exhaust gas is efficiently heated and dechlorinated to decompose dioxins and then the carbide from the heated dechlorination unit 22 is directly charged into the washing and stirring tank 26. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment (see FIG. 1).

It is a schematic block diagram of the apparatus which manufactures the carbide | carbonized_material from the waste by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the apparatus which manufactures the carbide | carbonized_material from the waste by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fluidized bed type carbonization furnace 12 Air diffuser pipe 14 Fluid medium such as sand 16 Sorter 18 Carbide separation and recovery unit 20 Recombustion furnace 22 Heat dechlorination unit 24 Discharger 26 Washing and stirring tank 28 Dehydrator 30 Carbide hopper 32 Carbide conveyor 34 Jacket 36 Gas cooler 38 Air preheater 40 Bag filter 42 Ash hopper 44 Ash conveyor 46 Slaked lime hopper 48 Chimney 50 Activated carbonization conveyor 52 Activated carbide delivery conveyor 54 Activated carbide container

Claims (4)

  In the method of producing carbide from waste such as municipal waste and solid fuel, the waste is put into a fluidized bed type carbonization furnace and carbonized, and the exhaust gas containing carbide from the carbonization furnace is introduced into the carbide separation and recovery unit. , Separated into exhaust gas and carbides, introduced this exhaust gas into a re-combustion furnace, combusted combustibles in the exhaust gas, introduced the carbide from the carbide separation and recovery unit into the heating dechlorination unit, sensible heat of the carbide itself After heating and dechlorinating the water as a heat source to decompose dioxins, the carbide from the heat dechlorination part is directly put into the water tank to dissolve and remove the chlorine compound to prevent re-synthesis of dioxins, After dehydrating the carbide from the water tank to dechlorinated and dehydrated carbide, at least a part of this dechlorinated and dehydrated carbide is introduced into an activated carbonization conveyor provided in the recombustion furnace, and the combustion heat in the recombustion furnace In Method for producing a carbide from a waste heat activated to, characterized in that the carbide and active carbides Ri. In addition to introducing the carbide from the carbide separation and recovery unit into the heating dechlorination unit, a part of the reburning furnace exhaust gas is introduced into this heating dechlorination unit, and the sensible heat of the carbide itself and the retained heat of the reburning furnace exhaust gas are used as a heat source after decomposing the dioxins heated by dechlorination as a method for producing a carbide of claims 1 to waste, wherein the carbide from the heating dechlorination unit directly fed to the water tank.   An apparatus for producing carbide from waste such as municipal solid waste, solid fuel, etc., which is a fluidized bed type carbonization furnace for charging and carbonizing waste, and exhaust gas by introducing carbide containing exhaust gas from this carbonization furnace A carbide separation and recovery device for separating the carbide from the carbide, a recombustion furnace for combusting combustibles in the exhaust gas from the carbide separation and recovery device, and introducing the carbide from the carbide separation and recovery device into the carbide itself A heating dechlorination unit for heating and dechlorinating carbide using sensible heat as a heat source, a water washing stirring tank for directly charging, stirring and washing the carbide from the heating dechlorination part, and a water washing stirring tank A dehydrator for dehydrating dechlorinated carbide, and at least a part of the dechlorinated / dehydrated carbide provided in the recombustion furnace is introduced into the recombustion furnace and heated and activated by the combustion heat of the exhaust gas in the recombustion furnace. Carbide Apparatus for producing carbide from waste comprising the activated carbon of the conveyor for the sex carbides. The heating dechlorination unit introduces the carbide from the carbide separator and uses the sensible heat of the carbide itself as a heat source, and also introduces part of the exhaust gas from the recombustion furnace to indirectly heat the carbide to heat and dechlorinate the carbide. The apparatus for producing carbide from the waste according to claim 3, wherein the apparatus is configured to convert the waste.

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