JP2005240639A - Suction air cooling device for lng cold utilizing gas turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a suction air cooling device for a LNG cold utilizing gas turbine, wherein cooling capability held when the temperature of outside air is low can be used when the temperature of outside air is high. <P>SOLUTION: An air heat source LNG evaporator 2 is used for evaporating LNG to increase its temperature to room temperature with an outside air heat source while continuously generating cold of -100°C or so. When the temperature of outside air is low, the cold is stored in a cold storage material 4 such as water or brine at or near the temperature of cold air. When the temperature of outside air is high, the cold is taken out of the cold storage material 4 for controlling the suction air to the gas turbine to be at a preset temperature all times. In a cold storage shed 3 holding the cold storage material 4 in an internal space, a freezer/refrigerator 20 is also provided for stably supplying the cold. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a gas turbine intake air cooling device using LNG cold heat for efficiently operating a gas turbine.

  Conventionally, in the gas turbine combined cycle (GTCC), it is known that high efficiency can be realized because the steam turbine can be driven to obtain power even with steam generated by exhaust heat of the gas turbine. However, in the gas turbine, when the outside air temperature rises, the substantial intake amount decreases, and the output greatly decreases. In such a case, in order to increase the efficiency of the gas turbine, it is also known that the intake air is cooled to be lower than the outside air temperature.

  For cooling the intake air, it has also been proposed to use cold energy obtained when the liquefied natural gas (hereinafter abbreviated as “LNG”) is vaporized by heating (see, for example, Patent Document 1). When trying to exchange heat directly between the atmosphere and LNG, there is a problem that LNG is at a low temperature of about -160 ° C, and moisture contained in the atmosphere adheres as ice or frost, obstructing air flow and heat transfer. To do. In Patent Document 1, the outside air is precooled and then dehumidified, and the dehumidified air is directly cooled by LNG to generate cold air of −100 ° C. or lower, such as a gas turbine power generation facility or a supercharged gas engine power generation facility. It is used for intake to the air compressor to improve efficiency.

JP 2003-148845 A

  In order to cool the intake air of a gas turbine or the like, measures have been taken in which cold water of about 7 ° C. is produced by a vapor absorption type or electric refrigerator, or LNG cold heat, and heat exchange with the atmosphere is performed. The reason why the atmosphere is not directly cooled by LNG is that the above-mentioned adhesion of ice and frost becomes a problem. The reason why the temperature of the cold water is about 7 ° C. is to prevent freezing. When such cold water is produced by a refrigerator, the intake air temperature is around 20 ° C. near the dew point of summer outdoor air in order to suppress the load on the refrigerator. Therefore, a significant improvement in gas turbine output cannot be expected. Moreover, the heat exchanger for cold water and air becomes very large in a large gas turbine.

  As proposed in Patent Document 1, if the air is directly cooled by LNG, the intake air to the gas turbine can be easily lowered to 0 ° C. or lower. However, the temperature of the outside air varies depending on the season. For example, if it is attempted to obtain a sufficient cooling capacity in the summer, the cooling capacity becomes excessive in the winter. Therefore, it is desired to use the cooling capacity when the outside air temperature is low when the outside air temperature is high.

  The objective of this invention is providing the LNG cold utilization gas turbine intake-air cooling device which can be utilized when the outside air temperature is high, and the cooling capability when the outside air temperature is low.

The present invention is a gas turbine intake air cooling device that uses LNG cold heat and supplies the intake air of the gas turbine by reducing the intake air temperature of the gas turbine to an intake air cooling temperature lower than room temperature, using the cold heat of LNG,
An air heat source LNG vaporization means for dehumidifying the external air and directly cooling with LNG while raising the temperature of LNG to room temperature by using the external air as a heat source, and generating as cooled air,
It has a cold air inlet and an air inlet, and a first outlet and a second outlet, holds the cold storage material in the internal space, and the cold air inlet, the first outlet and the second outlet are The passage is provided between the cold air inlet and the first outlet, the passage communicates with the internal space near the cold air inlet, and the air inlet and the second outlet. Is a cold storage means that faces the internal space and is provided in close proximity, and the cold air introduction port is introduced with cooled air generated by the air heat source LNG vaporization means,
A first air discharge valve provided at the first discharge port of the cold storage means;
A second air discharge valve provided at the second discharge port of the cold storage means;
Intake inlet means for mixing the air discharged from each of the first air discharge valve and the second air discharge valve and supplying the mixed air to the intake compressor of the gas turbine;
It is a gas turbine intake air cooling device using LNG cold heat.

  According to the present invention, the LNG cold-use gas turbine intake cooling device that supplies the intake of the gas turbine by lowering the intake temperature of the gas turbine to an intake-air cooling temperature lower than room temperature using the cold of the LNG includes an air heat source LNG vaporization means, a cold storage Means, a first air exhaust valve, and a second air exhaust valve. The air heat source LNG vaporization means uses the outside air as a heat source, evaporates and heats the LNG to room temperature, dehumidifies the outside air and directly cools with LNG, and generates LNG at about −160 ° C. It is cooled to −100 ° C. or lower by heat exchange when evaporating and raising the temperature. The cold storage means has a cold air inlet, an air inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, holds a cold storage material in the internal space, and has a cold air inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet. The exhaust outlets are spaced apart from each other, and a passage is provided between the cold air inlet and the first outlet. The passage communicates with the internal space near the cold air inlet, and the air inlet and the first air outlet. The second exhaust port faces and is close to the internal space, and cooled air generated by the air heat source LNG vaporization means is introduced into the cool air introduction port. If cold air from the air heat source LNG vaporization means is introduced into the cold air introduction port and led from the passage to the first discharge port, it can be taken out from the air heat source LNG vaporization means in a low temperature state. If it leads to internal space from a channel | path, cold heat can be stored in a cool storage material, and the cold air heated up from the 2nd discharge port can be obtained. Since the atmosphere introduction port is provided in the vicinity of the second discharge port, the atmosphere introduced from the atmosphere introduction port can be obtained from the second discharge port. The air introduced from the air introduction port can be obtained by cooling with the cold storage material in the internal space, passing through the passage, and cooled from the first discharge port. Since the first and second air discharge valves of the cold storage means are provided with the first and second air discharge valves, respectively, the opening degrees of the first air discharge valve and the second air discharge valve are adjusted. Thus, the temperature of the cold air can be adjusted, or the accumulation of cold heat in the cold storage material or the release of cold heat from the cold storage material can be switched. The cool air obtained from the first and second air discharge valves can be mixed by the intake air input means and supplied to the intake compressor of the gas turbine.

  Further, the present invention can be provided with the cold storage means and supply either air cooled by the air heat source LNG vaporization means or air cooled by a cold storage material held in the internal space of the cold storage means It includes a freezer / refrigerator warehouse.

  According to the present invention, the cold storage means is provided with a freezing / refrigerated warehouse. Since the cold storage means holds the cold storage material in the internal space, it can be formed with a structure similar to that of a freezer / refrigerated warehouse. The refrigerated / refrigerated warehouse can be supplied with either air cooled by the air heat source LNG vaporization means or air cooled by the cold storage material held in the internal space of the cold storage means, so the air heat source LNG Even when the air to be cooled cannot be obtained from the vaporization means, the air cooled by the cold storage means can be obtained, and the frozen or refrigerated material accommodated therein can be stably cooled.

  Further, in the present invention, the internal space of the cold storage means is divided into an air side portion facing the air introduction port and the second discharge port and a cold air side portion communicating with the passage, Water is used as the cold storage material, and brine having a lower solidification temperature than water is used in the cold air side portion.

  According to the present invention, low-temperature cold heat can be accumulated in the brine that is disposed on the inner space side communicating with the passage in the vicinity of the cold air inlet and solidifies at low temperature. A large amount of cold energy can be accumulated with water having a large solidification latent heat, which is disposed on the inner space side near the second discharge port.

  According to the present invention, if cold air from the air heat source LNG vaporization means is introduced into the cold air inlet of the cold storage means and led from the passage to the internal space, cold energy can be stored in the cold storage material. The air introduced from the air introduction port can be obtained by cooling with the cold storage material in the internal space, passing through the passage, and cooled from the first discharge port. Since the first and second air discharge valves of the cold storage means are provided with the first and second air discharge valves, respectively, the opening degrees of the first air discharge valve and the second air discharge valve are adjusted. The temperature of the cold air can be adjusted, the accumulation of cold heat in the cold storage material, or the release of cold heat from the cold storage material can be switched, and the cooling capacity when the outdoor temperature is low should be used when the outdoor temperature is high Is possible.

  Further, according to the present invention, in the freezing / refrigerated warehouse attached to the cold storage means, the air cooled by the air heat source LNG vaporization means or the air cooled by the cold storage material held in the internal space of the cold storage means Since either of them can be supplied, it is possible to stably cool the frozen or refrigerated material housed inside.

  Moreover, according to this invention, cold heat can be accumulate | stored effectively using water and a brine as a cool storage material.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic piping configuration of an LNG cooling / hybrid hybrid-type outside air cooling system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The LNG cold / hybrid hybrid-type outdoor air cooling system 1 includes an air heat source LNG vaporizer 2 and a regenerator 3. In the internal space of the regenerator 3, a regenerator material 4 is held, and a passage 5 that does not touch the regenerator material 4 is also provided. The regenerator 3 is provided with a cold air inlet 6, an air inlet 7, a first outlet 8, and a second outlet 9 that communicate with the outside. The air cooled by the air heat source LNG vaporizer 2 is introduced into the gas turbine combined cycle 10 through the cool storage 3, and cools the intake air of the gas turbine.

  The gas turbine combined cycle 10 includes an air compressor 11, a combustor 12, a gas turbine 13, a generator 14, a fuel valve 15, a boiler 16, a steam turbine 17, a condenser 18, and a feed water pump 19. The cooled gas turbine intake air is drawn into the air compressor 11 and compressed, and the combustor 12 burns natural gas (hereinafter abbreviated as “NG”) as fuel. The combustion exhaust gas is introduced from the combustor 12 to the gas turbine 13 to rotate the turbine and rotate the generator 14 connected to the output shaft of the turbine to generate power. The exhaust gas from the gas turbine 13 serves as a heat source for the boiler 16 to generate steam, and the steam turbine 17 can be rotationally driven to contribute to power generation by the generator 14. The generator 14 may be provided separately for the gas turbine 13 and the steam turbine 17. Steam discharged from the steam turbine 17 is returned to water by the condenser 18 and circulated to the boiler 16 by the feed water pump 19.

  The cold storage 3 has a structure surrounded by a heat insulating wall in order to hold the cold storage material 4 in the internal space. Such a structure is common to the structure of the freezer / refrigerated warehouse 20. Therefore, when the freezer / refrigerated warehouse 20 is added to the regenerator 3, it can be efficiently constructed as a common structure. The cold air can be used for other purposes, for example, low-temperature pulverization, without building in another structure or providing the freezer / refrigerated warehouse 20. In the case of providing the freezing / refrigerated warehouse 20, a cold air supply valve 21 is provided, and a temperature controller 22 for detecting the internal temperature and controlling the valve opening degree is provided.

  That is, the freezer / refrigerated warehouse 20 is attached to the regenerator 3 as a regenerator. Since the cold storage 3 holds the cold storage material 4 in the internal space, it can be formed with the same structure as the freezer / refrigerated warehouse 20. The freezer / refrigerated warehouse 20 can be supplied with either air cooled by the air heat source LNG vaporizer 2 or air cooled by the regenerator 4 held in the internal space of the regenerator 3. The cold air supply valve 21 can obtain the air cooled by the regenerator 3 even when the air cooled from the air heat source LNG vaporizer 2 cannot be obtained, and is stored in the freezer / refrigerator warehouse 20. The frozen and refrigerated foods can be cooled stably.

  Outside air serving as intake air for the gas turbine combined cycle 10 is sucked into the outside air introduction blower 23 via the intake filter 24 and pushed into the atmosphere introduction port 7 of the regenerator 3. The operating state of the outside air introduction blower 23 is controlled by the pressure controller 25. The first outlet 8 and the second outlet 9 of the cold storage 3 communicate with the cold air mixing chamber 26. A low-temperature air discharge valve 27 and a room temperature air discharge valve 28 are provided at portions where the first discharge port 8 and the second discharge port 9 communicate with the cold air mixing chamber 26. The valve openings of the low temperature air discharge valve 27 and the room temperature air discharge valve 28 are respectively controlled by a temperature controller 29. The temperature controller 29 is mixed in the cold air mixing chamber 26 and detects the temperature of the intake air supplied to the gas turbine combined cycle 10 so that a predetermined temperature set in advance, such as −20 ° C. to 10 ° C., is obtained. The valve openings of the low temperature air discharge valve 27 and the room temperature air discharge valve 28 are controlled. The intake air temperature can be lowered by increasing the valve opening degree of the low-temperature air discharge valve 27 and decreasing the valve opening degree of the room temperature air discharge valve 28. If the valve opening degree of the low temperature air discharge valve 27 is reduced and the valve opening degree of the room temperature air discharge valve 28 is increased, the intake air temperature can be raised. The pressure of the intake air is detected by the pressure controller 25, and the outside air introduction blower 23 is controlled so as not to become negative pressure.

  The air heat source LNG vaporizer 2 has basically the same configuration as the air heat source liquefied natural gas vaporizer disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-148845) described above. That is, it includes an intake filter 30, an external air preheater 31, an air precooler 32, a drain separator 33, a processing air blower 34, a dehumidifying rotor 35, an air deep cooler 36, a regenerative air heater 37, a regenerative air blower 38, and the like. The intake filter 30 removes dust and the like in the outside air, and the outside air preheater 31 preheats when the outside air temperature is low. As a heat source for preheating the outside air, the steam extracted from the steam turbine 17 of the gas turbine combined cycle 10 is used as a heat source by the regenerative air heater 37 and then further used. The preheating in the outside air preheater 31 is to supplement the amount of heat that raises the temperature of NG to the room temperature in the air precooler 32 when the outside air temperature is low. In the air precooler 32, the outside air is cooled by heat exchange that raises the temperature of NG, and becomes a temperature lower than room temperature, for example, about 5 ° C.

  In summer and the like, since the humidity is high and the dew point is about 20 ° C., moisture in the atmosphere condenses, adheres to the drain separator 33 as drain, and is separated. A processing air blower 34 is disposed downstream of the drain separator 33 and sucks outside air. The outside air discharged from the processing air blower 34 is dehumidified by the dehumidifying rotor 35. The dehumidifying rotor 35 is generally disk-shaped and has a honeycomb structure and air permeability. The dehumidification rotor 35 is divided into a dehumidification zone, a regeneration zone, and a cooling zone, adsorbs moisture in the outside air in the dehumidification zone, and dehumidifies so that the dew point is −30 ° C. or lower. The dehumidified outside air is directly heat-exchanged with LNG in the air deep cooler 36 and cooled to -100 ° C. or lower. In the heat exchange with LNG, the moisture in the outside air solidifies, but is blown off by the air current and does not grow and hinder the flow.

  The water adhering to the dehumidifying rotor 35 is removed by evaporation in the regeneration zone. The outside air heated by the regeneration air heater 37 is sucked by the regeneration air blower 38 and passed through the regeneration zone. As a heat source of the regenerative air heater 37, steam extracted from the steam turbine 17 of the gas turbine combined cycle 10 is used. The temperature of the steam is about 170 ° C., for example. For example, 140 ° C. steam drain is obtained from the regeneration air heater 37. This steam can be used as a heat source for opening the drain drain input valve 39 and supplying it to the outdoor air preheater 31 to preheat the outdoor air in winter or the like to raise the temperature of NG. The remaining steam is returned to the condenser 18 as drainage.

  The opening degree of the drain drain valve 39 is controlled by the temperature controller 40. The temperature controller 40 controls the opening degree of the cool air input valve 41 as well as the drain drain input valve 39. The cold air input valve 41 is provided in a path for introducing the cold air from the cold air mixing chamber 26 into the air compressor 11 of the gas turbine combined cycle 10. The intake air compressed by the air compressor 11 rises in pressure and temperature and is introduced into the combustor 12. NG as fuel is also introduced into the combustor 12 through the fuel valve 15, and NG reacts with the oxygen in the intake air and burns, and the combustion exhaust gas rotationally drives the gas turbine 13.

  That is, the LNG cold / hybrid hybrid-type outside air cooling system 1 is an LNG cold-use gas turbine intake air cooling device that supplies the intake air of the gas turbine 13 by lowering the intake air of the gas turbine 13 to an intake air cooling temperature lower than normal temperature using the cold heat of LNG. . The air heat source LNG vaporizer 2 functions as an air heat source LNG vaporization means that generates outside air by dehumidifying and directly cooling with LNG while raising the temperature of LNG to room temperature by using the outside air as a heat source, and cooling it directly with LNG. . The regenerator 3 has a cold air inlet 6 and an air inlet 7, as well as a first outlet 8 and a second outlet 9, and holds the cold storage material 4 in the internal space. The cold air inlet 6, the first outlet 8 and the second outlet 9 are provided at intervals. A passage 5 is provided between the cold air inlet 6 and the first outlet 8. The passage 5 communicates with the internal space near the cold air inlet 6. The air introduction port 7 and the second discharge port 9 face the internal space and are provided close to each other. Cooled air generated by the air heat source LNG vaporizer 2 is introduced into the cold air inlet 6. The first discharge port 8 of the regenerator 3 is provided with a low temperature air discharge valve 27 that is a first air discharge valve. The second discharge port 9 of the regenerator 3 is provided with a room temperature air discharge valve 28 that is a second air discharge valve. The cold air mixing chamber 26 functions as an intake air input unit that mixes air discharged from the low temperature air discharge valve 27 and the room temperature air discharge valve 28 and supplies the mixed air to the intake compressor 11 of the gas turbine 13.

  FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the regenerator 3. The internal space of the cold storage 3 is divided into a brine cold storage 42 and an ice cold storage 43. As the cold storage material 4, it is arranged in the brine cold storage 42 on the internal space side communicating with the passage 5 in the vicinity of the cold air inlet 6, and low-temperature cold heat can be stored in the brine 4a that solidifies at low temperature. As the brine 4a, for example, an aqueous solution containing about 60% ethanol is used, and the coagulation temperature is set to about −40 ° C. Moreover, it becomes the internal space side near the 2nd discharge port 9, and is arrange | positioned at the ice storage warehouse 43, and can store a lot of cold with the water 4b with a large solidification latent heat. Each cool storage material 4 is held, for example, in an upright pipe. A space is provided on the liquid surface so that the cold storage material 4 can be absorbed even if the volume changes due to solidification.

  FIG. 3 schematically shows the accumulation and release of cold heat by the cold storage material 4. As shown in (a), if the cool air introduced from the cool air inlet 6 is allowed to flow around the cool storage material 4 without introducing outside air from the air inlet 7, the cool storage material 4 is solidified to accumulate cold heat. I can leave. As shown in (b), when the outside air is introduced from the air introduction port 7 in a state where the cold air is not introduced from the cold air introduction port 6, the introduced outside air can be cooled by the regenerator material 4 and the cold heat can be released.

  Therefore, in the spring / autumn season (April, May, October, November) when the outside air is 15 ° C. to 25 ° C., for example, a large amount of cold air generated by the air heat source LNG vaporizer 2 and a large amount of air sucked by the outside air introduction blower 23 are used. The temperature controller 29 adjusts and controls the valve openings of the low-temperature air discharge valve 27 and the room temperature air discharge valve 28 so that the air becomes a predetermined temperature (−20 ° C. to 10 ° C.) in the cold air mixing chamber 26. The precooled air is supplied for the intake air of the gas turbine 13 and the temperature controller 40 to control the outlet temperature of the air precooler 32 of the air heat source LNG vaporizer 2 via the cool air input valve 41. In the winter season (December, January, February, March) when the outside air is 15 ° C. or less, for example, it is not necessary to supply cold air to the air heat source LNG vaporizer 2, and the amount of cold air supplied to the gas turbine 13 is also reduced. Therefore, the cold air discharge valve 27 is throttled, most of the cold air is led to the brine regenerator 42 and the ice regenerator 43, and the regenerator material 4 in the regenerator 3 is solidified and further stored as a supercooled state. The intake air supplied to the gas turbine 13 is controlled to a predetermined temperature (−20 ° C. to 10 ° C.) in the cold air mixing chamber 26 by adjusting the valve openings of the low temperature air discharge valve 27 and the room temperature air discharge valve 28. In the summer (June, July, August, September) when the outside air is 25 ° C. or more, for example, the ambient air discharge valve 28 is throttled so that a part of the introduced outside air is separated between the ice regenerator 43 and the brine regenerator 42. The interior is passed through, cooled to, for example, around −30 ° C., mixed with the cold air generated by the air heat source LNG vaporizer 2, and controlled to reach a predetermined temperature. Supplyed for controlling the outlet air temperature of the air precooler 32 of the air heat source LNG vaporizer 2.

  As described above, the air heat source LNG vaporizer 2 is used to evaporate and raise the temperature of LNG to room temperature with an outside air heat source, and continuously generate cold air of around −100 ° C. When the outside air temperature is low, cold heat is stored in the cold storage material 4 such as water or brine to near the cold air temperature, and when the outside air temperature is high, the cold heat is taken out from the cold storage material 4 so that the intake air to the gas turbine 13 is always kept at a predetermined temperature. Control. The regenerator 3 that holds the regenerator material 4 in the internal space can be provided with a freezer / refrigerator 20 to stably supply cold heat.

1 is a piping system diagram showing a schematic configuration of an LNG cooling / hybrid hybrid-type outside air cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a simplified cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of the regenerator 3 of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a simplified cross-sectional view illustrating the function of the regenerator 3 of FIG. 2.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 LNG cold / hybrid hybrid type external air cooling system 2 Air heat source LNG vaporizer 3 Cold storage 4 Cold storage material 4a Brine 4b Water 5 Passage 6 Cold air inlet 7 Air inlet 8 First outlet 9 Second outlet 10 Gas turbine Combined cycle 11 Air compressor 13 Gas turbine 17 Steam turbine 20 Refrigeration / refrigeration warehouse 22, 29, 40 Temperature controller 23 Outside air introduction blower 26 Cold air mixing chamber 27 Low temperature air discharge valve 28 Room temperature air discharge valve 32 Air precooler 34 Process air blower 35 Dehumidification rotor 36 Air chiller 37 Regenerative air heater 42 Brine regenerator 43 Ice regenerator

Claims (3)

An LNG cold energy gas turbine intake air cooling device that uses the cold energy of LNG to lower the intake air of the gas turbine to an intake air cooling temperature lower than room temperature,
An air heat source LNG vaporization means for dehumidifying the external air and directly cooling with LNG while raising the temperature of LNG to room temperature by using the external air as a heat source, and generating as cooled air,
It has a cold air inlet and an air inlet, and a first outlet and a second outlet, holds the cold storage material in the internal space, and the cold air inlet, the first outlet and the second outlet are The passage is provided between the cold air inlet and the first outlet, the passage communicates with the internal space near the cold air inlet, and the air inlet and the second outlet. Is a cold storage means that faces the internal space and is provided in close proximity, and the cold air introduction port is introduced with cooled air generated by the air heat source LNG vaporization means,
A first air discharge valve provided at the first discharge port of the cold storage means;
A second air discharge valve provided at the second discharge port of the cold storage means;
Intake intake means for mixing the air discharged from each of the first air discharge valve and the second air discharge valve and supplying the mixed air to the intake compressor of the gas turbine;
A gas turbine intake air cooling device using LNG cold energy.   A refrigeration / refrigeration warehouse that is provided in the cold storage means and can supply either air cooled by the air heat source LNG vaporization means or air cooled by a cold storage material held in the internal space of the cold storage means The LNG cold heat utilization gas turbine intake air cooling device according to claim 1, comprising:   The internal space of the cold storage means is divided into an air side portion where the air introduction port and the second discharge port face, and a cold air side portion where the passage communicates. In the air side portion, water is used as the cold storage material. 3. The LNG cold utilizing gas turbine intake air cooling device according to claim 1, wherein a brine having a solidification temperature lower than that of water is used in the cold air side portion.

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