JP2005232700A - Precast and prestressed concrete panel with built-in heat insulating material and building using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide technology regarding a structural member of a building, usable even in precast technique for easily producing heat insulating effects without degrading constructing efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: This plate precast and prestressed concrete panel 10 with a built-in heat insulating material as the structural member as part of the building comprises a panel body 1 having a plurality of through-holes through which PC steel materials are inserted for introducing prestress in a concrete and the heat insulating material 3 provided in the panel body 1. The heat insulating material 3 is built in the concrete as part of the panel body 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material constituting a building, and particularly to a technique that can be suitably used for a small-scale building such as a house.

  In general, in a building such as a house, a heat insulating material is bonded to the wall of the building from the viewpoint of preventing dew condensation in winter. The heat insulating material is a material for blocking intrusion and release of heat, and examples thereof include fiber glass wool and foamed polystyrene. Conventionally, when bonding such a heat insulating material to a wall portion, after building a building frame, a scaffold or the like is assembled and the heat insulating material is attached to the wall portion using an adhesive. After applying the heat insulating material, the heat insulating material was covered with mesh streaks and fixed to the wall. However, the construction of the heat insulating material has to be carried out by hand, requiring labor and time, leading to an increase in construction cost.

  In view of such a problem, a heat insulating concrete plate as an external heat insulating member attached to an existing wall, column, beam or the like has been used (for example, see Patent Document 1). This concrete board 100 includes a precast concrete board 101 that is an outer board of a building, an air-permeable layer 102, an inorganic fiber or foamed plastic insulating material 103, and a precast concrete board 104 that is an inner board located on the building side. Provided and stacked in the above order. A precast concrete plate 101 as an outer plate of the concrete plate 100 and a precast concrete plate 104 as an inner plate are connected by a plurality of wave-shaped lattice bars 106 arranged in a vertical direction and obliquely inclined (see FIG. 9). .

  Since the concrete board 100 has the heat insulating material 103 built therein in advance, a heat insulating effect can be obtained by attaching it to a wall, a pillar, a beam or the like as an external heat insulating member. The mounting of the concrete plate 100 is easy as compared with the conventional mounting, and the structure is simple, so that the construction period can be shortened. Further, the concrete plate 100 includes a precast concrete plate 101 as an outer plate and a concrete plate 104 as an inner plate that are firmly joined by wave-shaped lattice bars 106, and a plurality of lattice bars 106 are arranged in a vertical direction and obliquely inclined. Therefore, the effect of being able to resist vertical force such as its own weight or horizontal force during an earthquake can be obtained.

  However, although the concrete plate 100 is used as an exterior material and can counteract vertical force such as its own weight and horizontal force of seismic force by the arrangement of the lattice muscle 106, the concrete plate 100 itself is a structural member. The strength of is not provided. That is, it is attached in order to give a heat insulating effect to walls, columns, and beams having strength as structural members. The lattice muscle 106 only opposes a vertical force and a horizontal force, and itself does not have strength as a structural member. Therefore, the concrete plate 100 itself cannot be used as a structural member.

On the other hand, a precast method has been conventionally used in buildings such as houses in order to shorten the construction period and maintain quality. This precast method is a method in which members (floors, walls, pillars, beams, etc.) that are to be pre-fabricated in a factory are manufactured in advance, and these members are transported to the site for assembly. According to this precast method, since each member is produced in a factory, quality control is easy and constant quality can be maintained. When the concrete plate was used in this precast method, it was necessary to newly install the concrete plate, and the construction period could not be sufficiently shortened.
JP 2002-276071 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned various problems, and can easily obtain a heat insulating effect without lowering the construction efficiency, and can be suitably used in a precast method. It is a technical problem to provide a technique related to a member.

  The present invention is configured as follows to solve the technical problem. That is, the present invention is a precast prestressed concrete panel with a plate-like heat insulating material as a structural member constituting a building, and is provided with a plurality of through holes for inserting a PC steel material for introducing prestress into concrete. A panel main body and a plate-like heat insulating material provided on the panel main body are provided, and the heat insulating material is incorporated in the concrete constituting the panel main body.

  The present invention can obtain the following effects by the above configuration. Since the heat insulating material is enclosed in the precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material as the structural member, it is not necessary to install the heat insulating material, and the construction work period can be shortened. That is, when a heat insulating material is separately constructed as in the prior art, it is necessary to construct a foundation, a heat insulating material, and a finishing material, and to assemble a scaffold for this construction. By using it, the construction process of these heat insulating materials becomes unnecessary. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened, and the cost can be reduced accordingly.

  Moreover, when a heat insulating material is constructed on site, there is a possibility that a certain quality cannot be maintained due to the skill of the operator. However, according to the precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material according to the present invention, since the heat insulating material is built in the concrete panel in advance, it is possible to maintain a certain quality. The concrete panel according to the present invention is preferably manufactured in advance at a factory or the like. By producing in advance in a factory or the like, it is possible to maintain a certain quality and further improve the work efficiency.

  In addition, a heat insulating material is a member attached in order to prevent the heat | fever inside and outside of a wall from entering / exiting, for example, generally with respect to a house, it is prepared between the foundation | substrate of a roof or a wall, and finishing material. Examples of the type include foamed plastic heat insulating materials, inorganic fiber heat insulating materials, rock wool heat insulating materials, glass wool heat insulating materials, and foamed styrene heat insulating materials.

  The precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material according to the present invention is provided with a through hole, and a PC steel material for introducing prestress into the through hole is disposed. Pre-stress is a stress applied in advance to a member in order to cancel the stress caused by an external force. In the present invention, the concrete is compressed by tensioning the PC steel material to counteract the tensile force generated in the concrete. In addition, as a method of introducing this pre-stress, there are a pre-tension method in which concrete is applied after first pulling a steel material, and a post-tension method in which concrete is first applied and then the steel material is pulled and fixed.

The precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material according to the present invention can improve the earthquake resistance and the like by arranging the PC steel material, and the concrete panel can be used as a structural member. That is, according to the precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material according to the present invention, since it has strength as a structural member, a building can be constructed by combining the concrete panels. This eliminates the need for columns, beams, and the like used as structural members in conventional buildings, and makes it possible to create a highly flexible structure. Moreover, since the construction is easier compared to the case of constructing columns, beams, etc., the construction period can be shortened.

  Moreover, as for the precast prestressed concrete panel with a heat insulating material which concerns on this invention, it is desirable for the said heat insulating material to be enclosed in the concrete which comprises the said panel main body. By encapsulating the heat insulating material in the panel body, it is possible to prevent the heat insulating material from deteriorating. In addition, since concrete is arranged around the heat insulating material, the concrete panel as a whole can maintain a certain strength.

  Furthermore, in the precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material according to the present invention, it is preferable that a plurality of through holes are provided at intervals, and the heat insulating material is disposed between adjacent through holes. As described above, the heat insulating material is a member that is attached to prevent heat from entering and exiting the wall, and the heat insulating material itself is unlikely to be strong as a structural member, and the concrete panel body and PC steel are used as the structural member. Has strength. Therefore, the arrangement of the heat insulating material needs to be examined by the arrangement of the PC steel rod.

  Moreover, it is desirable that the through hole of the precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material according to the present invention has a through hole extending in the length direction of the panel body and a through hole extending in the width direction of the panel body. By forming the through hole so as to extend in the length direction and the width direction, it becomes possible to appropriately arrange the PC steel material in a direction different from the direction extending in the length direction and the width direction. In any of the horizontal directions, a constant strength can be easily provided as required.

  Furthermore, in the precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material according to the present invention, it is desirable that the number of through holes extending in the length direction of the panel body and the number of through holes extending in the width direction of the panel body are different. As described above, in order to use a concrete panel as a structural member, a PC steel material is disposed in the concrete panel. It is desirable that the arrangement of the PC steel material is appropriately selected depending on the design of the building to be constructed. Therefore, the strength according to need can be easily provided by making the through hole extending in the length direction different from the through hole extending in the width direction. Moreover, it is desirable that the through holes arranged in the vertical direction when the building is constructed are even numbers and are evenly spaced from the center of the panel thickness. If the PC steel material arranged in the vertical direction is deviated in any direction in the thickness direction of the panel, the PC steel material in the vertical direction may be decentered, which is to prevent it. On the other hand, when the PC steel material arranged in the vertical direction is odd when the building is constructed, eccentricity can be prevented by arranging the PC steel material so as to be located at the center in the thickness direction of the panel. .

  Further, the present invention is a building using the above-mentioned precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material, and includes a wall concrete panel serving as a wall of the building and a floor concrete panel serving as a floor of the building. And the junction part of a wall part concrete panel and a floor part concrete panel is characterized by joining the surface of one concrete panel, and the surface of the other concrete panel.

  The present invention is a building constructed by combining the above-described precast prestressed concrete panels with a built-in heat insulating material, and the concrete panels function as structural members, so it is necessary to provide columns, beams, etc. like conventional buildings There is little nature. Furthermore, prestress is introduced into the concrete panel by the PC steel material, and the concrete panel itself has rigidity, so that force can be applied to the surface of the concrete panel. Therefore, the joint part between concrete panels is not limited to the structure which joins one side surface and the other side surface, The structure which joins one side surface and the other surface may be sufficient.

  By joining the concrete panels in this way, the concrete panels can be combined in various structures, and a structure with a high degree of freedom can be formed. In other words, the building using the concrete panel according to the present invention has less design restrictions compared to the conventional one, and can develop a three-dimensional degree of freedom and fine scenes, while being complicated and varied. It is also possible to create a group image design.

  Furthermore, the present invention is a building using the above-mentioned precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material, and includes a plurality of wall concrete panels serving as a wall of the building and a plurality of floor concrete serving as a floor of the building. A panel is provided, and the surface of the floor concrete panel is joined to the side surface of the wall concrete panel, and the PC steel material inserted through the wall concrete panel penetrates the floor concrete panel. It may be characterized.

  In addition, the present invention is a building using the above-described precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material, and includes a plurality of wall concrete panels serving as wall portions of the building and a plurality of floor portions serving as floor portions of the building. A concrete panel is provided, and a surface of the wall concrete panel is joined to a side surface of the floor concrete panel, and a PC steel material inserted through the floor concrete panel penetrates the wall concrete panel. This may be a feature.

  By constructing the building with the wall concrete panel and the floor concrete panel, it becomes a differentiated structure composed of small units, so it is possible to flexibly cope with conditions such as narrow spaces and small scales. . For example, since the unit is a small unit, it is easy to repeat and add the unit, and a structure according to need can be created. In addition, it is possible to firmly fix each other by passing the PC steel material of one concrete panel through the other concrete panel at the joint between the concrete panels.

  As described above, according to the precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material according to the present invention, since the heat insulating material is built into the concrete panel body, the heat insulating material can be appropriately attached only by constructing a building. The heat insulation effect can be easily obtained. In addition, because precast prestressed concrete panels with built-in insulation are used as structural members, on-site work can be reduced and structural restrictions are reduced, making it possible to create highly flexible structures. Become.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a building using a precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present embodiment is a house constructed by combining the precast prestressed concrete panels with a built-in heat insulating material according to the present invention. First, the heat-insulating precast prestressed concrete panel 10 used in the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is an example of a perspective view of a precast prestressed concrete panel 10 with a built-in heat insulating material used in the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an AA arrow view of the precast prestressed concrete panel 10 with a built-in heat insulating material shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a BB arrow view of the heat-insulating precast prestressed concrete panel 10 shown in FIG.

This heat-insulated precast prestressed concrete panel 10 has a plate-like panel main body 1 made of concrete, and the panel main body 1 includes a sheath tube 2 as a through-hole for inserting a PC steel rod 4 and the like. A plate-like heat insulating material 3 is provided. In this precast prestressed concrete panel 10 with a built-in heat insulating material, four heat insulating materials 3 are enclosed so as to divide the panel body 1 into four, and both the length direction and the width direction surround the heat insulating material 3. The sheath tube 2 is provided for every three rows.

  In the present embodiment, a house is constructed using two types of concrete panels, that is, a wall concrete panel 10a serving as a wall of the house and a floor concrete panel 10b serving as a floor of the house. Since the house which concerns on this Embodiment is a flat roof and the structure is comparatively simple, it used the floor part concrete panel as a roof part. When using the floor part concrete panel 10b as a roof part, it can also be made to incline and arrange | position by devising the joining method with a wall part.

  The wall concrete panel 10a is provided with a sheath tube 2a extending in the height direction of the house in the thickness direction of the panel and a seal tube extending in the width direction. There are two sheath tubes 2a extending in the height direction and two sheath tubes 2b extending in the width direction, and the number of the sheath tubes 2a is different. On the other hand, the floor concrete panel 10b is provided with a sheath tube 2a extending in the length direction of the house and a sheath tube 2b extending in the width direction, and the number of panels arranged in the thickness direction extends in the length direction. There are two sheath tubes 2a and one sheath tube 2b in the width direction, and the number of the sheath tubes 2a is different. The precast prestressed concrete panel 10 with a built-in heat insulating material shown in FIG. 1 is an example of a precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material used in the present embodiment, and the number of PC steel bars arranged is not limited thereto.

  This difference in the number of arrangements is to prevent the eccentricity of the PC steel bars that are arranged in the vertical direction when a building is constructed while considering the accommodation in the precast prestressed concrete panel 10 with a built-in heat insulating material. In this embodiment, the PC steel bars are arranged as described above, but the number of bar arrangements and the arrangement positions of the PC steel bars are not limited to this, and are appropriately selected according to the design policy and the like. It is desirable to do.

  The sheath tube 2 is a tubular tube body, and when a precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material is manufactured at a factory, a PC steel bar is provided at a position where a bar is to be arranged. In the precast prestressed concrete panel 10 with a built-in heat insulating material shown in FIG. 1, the sheath tube 2 is provided only in the length direction and the width direction of the concrete panel. Since it is necessary to arrange the PC steel bar 4 in the thickness direction, the sheath tube 2 is appropriately provided according to the design drawing. Further, the PC steel bar 4 arranged in the sheath tube 2 gives prestress at the site. By giving prestress to the PC steel bar 4, the strength against the tensile force of the precast prestressed concrete panel 10 with a built-in heat insulating material can be increased, and the earthquake resistance can be improved.

  Next, the construction of a house using the precast prestressed concrete panel 10 with a built-in heat insulating material will be described in detail together with its construction procedure. First, a precast prestressed concrete panel 10 with a built-in heat insulating material is manufactured at a factory based on a design drawing of a house. In addition, the shape of the precast prestressed concrete panel 10 with a built-in heat insulating material, the bar arrangement position of the PC steel bar 4, the number of bar arrangements, and the like are calculated based on the structure calculation and the like. In the present embodiment, the wall concrete panel 10a serving as the wall of the house has a thickness of 200 mm, the floor concrete panel 10b serving as the floor of the house has a thickness of 200 mm, and the concrete panels 10a and 10b having two different thicknesses are used. Was made. The concrete panel 10 is manufactured by first producing a mold that matches the shape of the precast prestressed concrete panel 10 with a built-in heat insulating material to be manufactured. And based on a design drawing, the heat insulating material 3 and the sheath pipe | tube 2 are set in a formwork, and concrete is laid.

Subsequently, the precast prestressed concrete panel 10 with a built-in heat insulating material manufactured in this way is carried into the site, and these are combined to construct a house. The precast prestressed concrete panels 10 with built-in heat insulating material are joined together by adhering the pressure contact surfaces with an adhesive, mortar, or the like, and one PC steel rod 4 is passed through and fixed to the other precast prestressed concrete panel 10 with built-in heat insulating material. To join. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the joint between the wall concrete panel 10a and the floor concrete panel 10b, which are the outer walls of the house. As for this junction part, the floor part concrete panel 10b is arrange | positioned between the wall part concrete panels 10a used as an outer wall. In the joining method, the epoxy resin 5 as an adhesive is attached to the side surface of the wall concrete panel 10a to be joined to the floor concrete panel 10b, and the floor concrete panel 10b and the wall concrete panel 10a are temporarily fixed.

  Next, the PC steel rod 4 is passed through the sheath tube 2 provided in both the concrete panels 10a and 10b, and fixed by applying a prestress by a post tension method. In this embodiment, an epoxy resin is used as an adhesive, but it is not limited to an epoxy resin as long as it can bond concrete panels together. In addition, since the side surface of the floor concrete panel 10b is inserted into the outer wall surface of the house, the joint portion is provided with a seal 6 for preventing rainwater or the like from entering from the outside.

  In the joint between the wall concrete panel 10a and the floor concrete panel 10b, which is the outer wall shown in FIG. 4, the floor concrete panel 10b is disposed between the wall concrete panels 10a, and the floor concrete panel 10a is used as the floor concrete. The panel 10b is fixed in a sandwiched state. However, the present invention is not limited to this structure, and when the floor concrete panel 10b can be supported by the surface of the wall concrete panel 10a, the surface of the wall concrete panel 10a and the side surface of the floor concrete panel 10b are pressed and joined. (See FIG. 5).

  The joint shown in FIG. 5 presses the surface of the wall concrete panel 10a and the side surface of the floor concrete panel 10b so that the PC steel rod 4 extending from the floor concrete panel 10b penetrates the wall concrete panel 10a. It is fixed by. A non-shrink mortar 11 is affixed to the joint instead of the adhesive 5. By joining using the non-shrinkable mortar 11, it is possible to absorb errors generated at the joined portion. Further, since the side surface of the floor concrete panel 10b is not inserted into the outer wall surface of the house, there is no possibility that rainwater or the like will be submerged, and the joint 6 does not need to be sealed. However, the floor concrete panel 10b and the load acting on the floor concrete panel 10b must be supported by the joint between the side surface of the floor concrete panel 10b and the surface of the wall concrete panel 10a. It is necessary to fix to.

  Next, a joint portion between the wall concrete panel 10a and the floor concrete panel 10b serving as the inner wall is shown in FIG. As for this junction part, the floor part concrete panel 10b is arrange | positioned between the wall part concrete panels 10a used as an inner wall. First, the epoxy resin 5 is attached to the side surface of the wall concrete panel 10a to be joined to the floor concrete panel 10b, and the floor concrete panel 10b and the wall concrete panel 10a are temporarily fixed. Next, a PC steel rod is passed through sheath tubes provided in both concrete panels, and prestress is introduced and fixed.

And after fixing the wall part concrete panel 10a and the floor part concrete panel 10b with the said joining method, the process of the side surface of each concrete panel 10a, 10b is performed. In the present embodiment, a PC steel rod 4 is inserted into a sheath tube 2 provided on a concrete panel 10 and prestress is applied to the PC steel rod 4, using a bolt 7 and a nut 8. After fixing 4, the mortar 9 was filled so that the end of the PC steel rod 4 would not be exposed (see FIG. 7). By performing the end face treatment in this way, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the PC steel rod 4.

  The house according to the present embodiment is constructed by combining the above-described wall concrete panel 10a and floor concrete panel 10b. FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of the house thus constructed. The house according to the present embodiment is constructed by combining the wall concrete panel 10a and the floor concrete panel 10b, and does not require columns and beams, so it is not limited to the conventional homogenized structure and is flexible and changes. The structure can be rich. Moreover, since the concrete panel 10 is preliminarily sealed with a heat insulating material, it is not necessary to separately construct the heat insulating material, and the construction efficiency can be improved.

It is a perspective view of the precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional view at the time of cut | disconnecting the precast prestressed concrete panel with a heat insulating material shown by FIG. 1 along the AA line. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of cut | disconnecting the precast prestressed concrete panel with a heat insulating material shown by FIG. 1 along a BB line. It is sectional drawing of the junction part of the wall part concrete panel used as an outer wall, and a floor part concrete panel. It is sectional drawing of the junction part of the wall part concrete panel used as an outer wall, and a floor part concrete panel. It is sectional drawing of the junction part of the wall part concrete panel used as an inner wall, and a mound part concrete panel. It is the schematic which showed the end surface process of the precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material. It is a perspective view of the house built combining the precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material according to the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the conventional heat insulation exterior material.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Panel main body 2 Sheath pipe 3 Heat insulation material 4 PC steel bar 5 Epoxy resin 6 Seal 7 Bolt 8 Nut 9,11 Non-shrink mortar 10 Precast prestressed concrete panel with built-in heat insulation material 10a Wall concrete panel 10b Floor concrete panel

Claims (8)

It is a precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in plate-like heat insulating material as a structural member constituting a building,
A panel body provided with a plurality of through-holes for inserting a PC steel material for introducing prestress into concrete;
A plate-like heat insulating material provided in the panel body,
The pre-cast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material, wherein the heat insulating material is built into the concrete constituting the panel body.   2. The precast prestressed concrete panel with built-in heat insulating material according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating material is enclosed in concrete constituting the panel main body.   The heat-insulating-material precast according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of through holes are provided at intervals, and the heat insulating material is disposed between adjacent through holes. Prestressed concrete panel.   The said through-hole has a through-hole extended in the length direction of a panel main body, and a through-hole extended in the width direction of a panel main body, The heat insulating material in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Built-in precast prestressed concrete panel.   5. The precast prestressed concrete panel with built-in heat insulating material according to claim 4, wherein the number of arrangement of the through hole extending in the length direction of the panel body and the through hole extending in the width direction of the panel body is different. A building using the precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
It has a wall concrete panel that becomes the wall of the building and a floor concrete panel that becomes the floor of the building,
A building using a precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material, wherein the side wall of one concrete panel and the surface of the other concrete panel are joined at the joint between the wall concrete panel and the floor concrete panel. A building using the precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
It has a plurality of wall concrete panels to be the wall of the building and a plurality of floor concrete panels to be the floor of the building,
The surface of the floor concrete panel is joined to the side surface of the wall concrete panel, and the PC steel material inserted through the wall concrete panel penetrates the floor concrete panel. Buildings with built-in precast prestressed concrete panels. A building using the precast prestressed concrete panel with a built-in heat insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
It has a plurality of wall concrete panels to be the wall of the building and a plurality of floor concrete panels to be the floor of the building,
The surface of the wall concrete panel is joined to the side surface of the floor concrete panel, and the PC steel material inserted through the floor concrete panel penetrates the wall concrete panel. Buildings with built-in precast prestressed concrete panels.

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