JP2005231248A - Single crystal cutting method - Google Patents

Single crystal cutting method Download PDF

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JP2005231248A
JP2005231248A JP2004044745A JP2004044745A JP2005231248A JP 2005231248 A JP2005231248 A JP 2005231248A JP 2004044745 A JP2004044745 A JP 2004044745A JP 2004044745 A JP2004044745 A JP 2004044745A JP 2005231248 A JP2005231248 A JP 2005231248A
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single crystal
cutting
wafer
crystal
slicing
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Yoshiaki Uchiyama
義明 内山
Norihide Kawakami
憲秀 川上
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Naoetsu Electronics Co Ltd
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Naoetsu Electronics Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutting method of a single crystal capable of cutting out and separating a wafer having no camber without a preliminary test. <P>SOLUTION: A crystal direction is beforehand determined by slicing a single crystal ingot having a crystal direction of <111> parallel to the direction of the crystal habit line. By this the wafer having very little bend and camber can be cut out and separated only by adjusting a cutting direction of a cutter to the direction of the crystal habit line. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、半導体単結晶インゴットを切断機(スライシングマシン)で切断してウエハを得る単結晶切断方法に関する。
詳しくは、単結晶インゴットと切断機とを相対的に移動させながら切断機を単結晶インゴットに切り込ませることで、単結晶インゴットを予定切断面に沿ってスライスする単結晶切断方法に関する。
The present invention relates to a single crystal cutting method for obtaining a wafer by cutting a semiconductor single crystal ingot with a cutting machine (slicing machine).
Specifically, the present invention relates to a single crystal cutting method for slicing a single crystal ingot along a predetermined cutting plane by causing the cutting machine to cut into the single crystal ingot while relatively moving the single crystal ingot and the cutting machine.

従来、この種の単結晶切断方法として、予備試験(ゾーンスライシング試験)によりスライスが容易に進行する複数の切り込み位置とその各切り込み位置における切断機の回転方向を設定しておき、切り込み位置と切断機の回転方向を切替えながら単結晶インゴット(単結晶部材)をスライスすることにより、切断されたウエハに曲りや反りが発生するのを防止したものがある(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   Conventionally, as a single crystal cutting method of this kind, a plurality of cutting positions where the slicing easily proceeds by a preliminary test (zone slicing test) and the rotation direction of the cutting machine at each cutting position are set, and the cutting position and cutting are set. There is one in which bending or warping of a cut wafer is prevented by slicing a single crystal ingot (single crystal member) while switching the rotation direction of the machine (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特公平1−15363号公報(第1−4頁、第1図−第3図)Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-15363 (page 1-4, FIG. 1 to FIG. 3)

しかし乍ら、このような従来の単結晶切断方法では、インゴットの切り込み位置を設定する予備試験に多くの時間を必要とするなど作業性が悪く、また装置も高価となり、工業的実用化には非常に多くの問題があった。   However, in such a conventional single crystal cutting method, workability is poor, such as requiring a lot of time for a preliminary test for setting the ingot cutting position, and the apparatus becomes expensive. There were so many problems.

本発明のうち請求項1記載の発明は、予備試験なしで反りの無いウエハを切断分離可能な単結晶切断方法を提供することを目的としたものである。
請求項2記載の発明は、請求項1に記載の発明の目的に加えて、大口径のウエハを効率良くスライスすることを目的としたものである。
An object of the present invention is to provide a single crystal cutting method capable of cutting and separating a wafer without warping without a preliminary test.
In addition to the object of the invention described in claim 1, the invention described in claim 2 aims to efficiently slice a large-diameter wafer.

前述した目的を達成するために、本発明のうち請求項1記載の発明は、単結晶インゴットの結晶方位を<111>とし、その晶癖線の方向と平行にスライスしたことを特徴とするものである。
請求項2記載の発明は、請求項1記載の発明の構成に、前記切断機がワイヤソー切断機である構成を加えたことを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is characterized in that the crystal orientation of the single crystal ingot is <111> and sliced parallel to the direction of the crystal habit line. It is.
The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that a configuration in which the cutting machine is a wire saw cutting machine is added to the configuration of the invention described in claim 1.

本発明のうち請求項1記載の発明は、結晶方位が<111>の単結晶インゴットを、その晶癖線の方向と平行にスライスすることにより、単結晶インゴットの結晶方位を予め決めておけば、切断機の切り込み方向を晶癖線の方向に合わせるだけで、曲りや反りの極めて少ないウエハが切断分離することができる。
従って、予備試験が必要な従来の方法に比べ、切断加工効率を著しく向上させることができる。
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the crystal orientation of the single crystal ingot is determined in advance by slicing a single crystal ingot having a crystal orientation of <111> in parallel with the direction of the crystal habit line. By simply aligning the cutting direction of the cutting machine with the direction of the crystal habit line, a wafer with very little bending or warping can be cut and separated.
Therefore, cutting efficiency can be remarkably improved as compared with the conventional method requiring a preliminary test.

請求項2の発明は、請求項1の発明の効果に加えて、切断機としてワイヤソーを使用することにより、大口径な単結晶インゴットであっても、一度に多数枚のウエハを効率良くスライスすることができる。
従って、大口径のウエハを効率良くスライスできる。
In addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the invention of claim 2 uses a wire saw as a cutting machine to efficiently slice a large number of wafers at a time even with a large-diameter single crystal ingot. be able to.
Therefore, a large-diameter wafer can be sliced efficiently.

以下、本発明の一実施例を説明する。
この実施例は、結晶方位が<111>となるように成長させた円柱状のシリコン単結晶インゴットを、その軸方向が水平に向けられて保治具にセットし、この単結晶インゴットの軸方向と交差する方向へ切断するための切断機としてワイヤソーを配設し、これらワイヤソー及び単結晶インゴットのどちらか一方又は両方を相対的に、切り込み方向である該単結晶インゴットの晶癖線の方向と平行に接近移動させることにより、径方向へスライスされてウエハが切断分離される場合を示すものである。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
In this example, a cylindrical silicon single crystal ingot grown so that the crystal orientation is <111> is set on a holding jig with its axial direction oriented horizontally, and the axial direction of this single crystal ingot is A wire saw is provided as a cutting machine for cutting in the intersecting direction, and either or both of the wire saw and the single crystal ingot are relatively parallel to the direction of the habit line of the single crystal ingot which is the cutting direction. This shows a case where the wafer is cut and separated by slicing in the radial direction by moving the wafer closer to the position.

上記ワイヤソーは、従来周知構造のマルチワイヤソーであり、上記単結晶インゴットの軸方向へ等間隔毎に配列し、これら全てを連続的に移動させることで、一度に多数枚のウエハを同時にスライスしている。   The wire saw is a multi-wire saw having a conventionally well-known structure, and is arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction of the single crystal ingot, and by continuously moving all of them, a large number of wafers can be simultaneously sliced. Yes.

そして、このワイヤソーを使って上述した単結晶切断方法により、結晶方位が<111>の単結晶インゴットを、その晶癖線の方向と平行にスライスしてウエハを得ると共に、これらウエハに発生した曲りや反りを調べるために、曲りや反りの発生数と夫々の変形量について計測した結果を図1(a)に示す。   Then, using the wire saw, the single crystal ingot having a crystal orientation of <111> is sliced parallel to the direction of the crystal habit line by the above-described single crystal cutting method, and the bending generated in these wafers is obtained. FIG. 1A shows the results of measuring the number of occurrences of bending and warping and the respective deformation amounts in order to investigate the warping and warping.

更に、これと比較するために、同じワイヤソーにより単結晶インゴットを結晶方位や晶癖線と関係なくスライスして得たウエハについても、同様に曲りや反りの発生数と夫々の変形量を計測した結果を図1(b)に示す。   Furthermore, for comparison, the number of occurrences of bending and warping and the amount of deformation were also measured for wafers obtained by slicing a single crystal ingot with the same wire saw regardless of crystal orientation and habit line. The results are shown in FIG.

これら図1(a)及び図1(b)は、全てのウエハの曲りや反りの発生数として相対度数(Frequency:%)を縦軸とし、各ウエハの変形量として表面粗さ(うねりWCM値:μm)を横軸としたグラフである。   1 (a) and 1 (b) show the relative frequency (Frequency:%) as the number of occurrences of bending and warping of all wafers, and the surface roughness (waviness WCM value) as the deformation amount of each wafer. : Μm) is a graph with the horizontal axis.

その結果、図1(a)に示した晶癖線の方向と平行にスライスして得たウエハの平均値(Average)は、図1(b)に示した結晶方位や晶癖線と関係なくスライスして得たウエハの平均値に比べて約1/2であり、図1(a)に示した標準偏差(Standard deviation)は、図1(b)に示した標準偏差に比べて約1/3であった。   As a result, the average value (Average) of the wafer obtained by slicing in parallel with the direction of the crystal habit line shown in FIG. 1A is independent of the crystal orientation and the habit line shown in FIG. The average deviation of the wafer obtained by slicing is about ½, and the standard deviation shown in FIG. 1A is about 1 compared to the standard deviation shown in FIG. / 3.

それにより、図1(a)に示した晶癖線の方向と平行にスライスして得たウエハは、図1(b)に示した結晶方位や晶癖線と関係なくスライスして得たウエハに比べて、曲りや反りの発生するバラツキが著しく減少したことが判る。   Thereby, the wafer obtained by slicing parallel to the direction of the crystal habit line shown in FIG. 1A is the wafer obtained by slicing regardless of the crystal orientation and the habit line shown in FIG. It can be seen that the variation in bending and warping is significantly reduced.

このような結果が得られた理由としては、マクロなシリコン単結晶インゴットは、通常(111)面が劈開面であり、しかも結晶面の発達の程度の違いで生じる晶癖線に沿ってスライス方向を補正することで、切断されたウエハに曲りや反りが極めて発生し難い理想的な切断が得られたと考えられる。   The reason why such a result was obtained is that, in a macro silicon single crystal ingot, the (111) plane is usually a cleavage plane, and the slice direction is along the crystal habit line generated by the difference in the degree of crystal plane development. By correcting this, it is considered that an ideal cut is obtained in which bending and warping hardly occur in the cut wafer.

尚、前示実施例では、切断機としてワイヤソーを使用した場合を示したが、これに限定されず、ワイヤソーに代えてバンドソーやブレードを使っても良く、これらの場合も上述した結果と同様な結果が得られる。   In addition, although the case where a wire saw was used as a cutting machine was shown in the previous embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and a band saw or a blade may be used instead of the wire saw. Results are obtained.

(a)が本発明の一実施例を示す単結晶切断方法の結果を示すグラフであり(b)が従来の単結晶切断方法による結果を示すグラフである。(A) is a graph which shows the result of the single crystal cutting method which shows one Example of this invention, (b) is a graph which shows the result by the conventional single crystal cutting method.

Claims (2)

単結晶インゴットと切断機とを相対的に移動させながら切断機を単結晶インゴットに切り込ませることで、単結晶インゴットを予定切断面に沿ってスライスする単結晶切断方法において、
前記単結晶インゴットの結晶方位を<111>とし、その晶癖線の方向と平行にスライスしたことを特徴とする単結晶切断方法。
In the single crystal cutting method of slicing the single crystal ingot along the planned cutting plane by cutting the cutting machine into the single crystal ingot while relatively moving the single crystal ingot and the cutting machine,
A single crystal cutting method, characterized in that the crystal orientation of the single crystal ingot is <111> and sliced parallel to the direction of the crystal habit line.
前記切断機がワイヤソー切断機である請求項1記載の単結晶切断方法。 The single crystal cutting method according to claim 1, wherein the cutting machine is a wire saw cutting machine.
JP2004044745A 2004-02-20 2004-02-20 Single crystal cutting method Pending JP2005231248A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011166154A (en) * 2010-02-10 2011-08-25 Siltronic Ag Method for cutting multiple wafers from crystal formed from semiconductor material
JP2016186956A (en) * 2015-03-27 2016-10-27 株式会社Sumco Method of manufacturing silicon wafer
US9876078B2 (en) 2013-03-29 2018-01-23 Sumco Techxiv Corporation Method for slicing semiconductor single crystal ingot
JP2018198331A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-13 株式会社Sumco Method for manufacturing silicon wafer

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011166154A (en) * 2010-02-10 2011-08-25 Siltronic Ag Method for cutting multiple wafers from crystal formed from semiconductor material
US8844511B2 (en) 2010-02-10 2014-09-30 Siltronic Ag Method for slicing a multiplicity of wafers from a crystal composed of semiconductor material
US9876078B2 (en) 2013-03-29 2018-01-23 Sumco Techxiv Corporation Method for slicing semiconductor single crystal ingot
JP2016186956A (en) * 2015-03-27 2016-10-27 株式会社Sumco Method of manufacturing silicon wafer
JP2018198331A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-13 株式会社Sumco Method for manufacturing silicon wafer

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