JP2005224734A - High-temperature dust collector - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a safe and highly reliable high-temperature dust collector capable of treating a high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from a garbage incinerator and corrosion resistant to corrosive gas such as chlorine gas contained in the exhaust gas. <P>SOLUTION: In the high-temperature dust collector provided with a cylindrical filter 2 made of ceramics in a collecting chamber 1, one end of the cylindrical filter 2 is supported in suspension by a supporting member 3 made of a ceramic castable refractory and fixed by holding with a holding plate 6 from the upper side. A metal-made cooling pipe 4 or a hollow plate for cooling is laid inside the castable refractory of the supporting member 3 as a reinforcing member so as to be cooled to 300°C or lower by air cooling or to 100°C or lower by water cooling. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a dust collector for removing dust in high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from a waste incinerator or the like, and more particularly, to a high-temperature dust collector equipped with a ceramic high-temperature cylindrical filter in a dust collection chamber. It is.

  Since exhaust gas from various industrial furnaces contains dust, it is necessary to remove the dust with a dust collector and discharge it to the atmosphere. Various types of dust collectors are known for use in such cases, such as low-temperature exhaust gas or cooled exhaust gas. However, dust collectors that process high-temperature exhaust gas at 800 ° C. or higher require an expensive heat insulating structure. It was rarely used except for special cases.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-91220 proposes a can structure for a dust collector that can be applied to such high-temperature exhaust gas. The dust collector can has a structure in which a filter made of a ceramic porous sintered body or the like is supported by a plurality of steel plate tube plates arranged in several stages in the vertical direction, and a water cooling jacket is provided in the tube plate. Is formed. By cooling the tube sheet with water, it is said that the tube sheet is not subjected to thermal damage due to high-temperature gas, and high-temperature exhaust gas can be treated.

JP-A-62-91220

  Recently, facilities for heat exchange and power generation using high-temperature exhaust gas are being developed in incinerators for general waste and industrial waste, and a dust collector that processes high-temperature exhaust gas at 800 ° C or higher. Has become undecided. In various industrial furnaces, it is desired that high-temperature exhaust gas is not cooled and introduced into a dust collector as it is.

  However, in such a high-temperature dust collector, particularly in the case of a type in which a plurality of cylindrical filters are suspended and supported, there is a problem that a member (referred to as a tube sheet) that suspends and supports the cylindrical filters is inferior in durability. there were. For example, in the case of a tube sheet made of a general metal such as stainless steel, it is easily softened at a high temperature exceeding 300 ° C., and creep deformation occurs at 800 ° C. or higher. For this reason, it is difficult to stably suspend and support a plurality of cylindrical filters, and a dust collector that can be used at a high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher has not been put into practical use.

Also, the dust collector as proposed in the above Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-91220 has a very complicated structure because a plurality of tube plates are arranged in several stages in the vertical direction to support the filter. Moreover, since the tube plate that supports the filter is generally made of a metal such as a steel plate, it reacts with chlorine gas contained in the exhaust gas from the waste incinerator and reacts with a low melting point, low boiling point compound such as FeCl ₃ (melting point 308 ° C., (Boiling point of 315 ° C.) and the like, and has a drawback of being easily corroded.

  In view of such conventional circumstances, the present invention has a simple structure, can treat high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from a waste incinerator, and corrosive gas such as chlorine gas contained in the exhaust gas. An object of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature dust collector that has sufficient corrosion resistance and is safe and reliable.

  In order to achieve the above object, a high-temperature dust collector provided by the present invention is a high-temperature dust collector provided with a ceramic cylindrical filter in a dust collection chamber, and a support member made of a ceramic fireproof castable is provided. A cylindrical filter is suspended and supported, and the dust collection chamber is partitioned substantially in an airtight manner on the inlet side and outlet side of the exhaust gas, and a metal cooling pipe or cooling hollow is used as a reinforcing material inside the refractory castable of the support member. The board is embedded.

  In the high-temperature dust collector of the present invention, the cooling pipe or the cooling hollow plate is preferably cooled to 300 ° C. or lower by air cooling, or cooled to 100 ° C. or lower by water cooling. In the preferred high-temperature dust collector of the present invention, the cylindrical filter has the filter body inserted into the mounting hole of the support member, and the flange portion of the filter is suspended on the support member via a heat-resistant sealing material. The flange portion is fixed by pressing from above with a presser plate.

  According to the present invention, the cylindrical filter is suspended and supported by one support member, and the dust collecting chamber is divided into an exhaust gas inlet side and an outlet side, and is 800 ° C. discharged from a waste incinerator or the like. It is possible to provide a safe and reliable high-temperature dust collector that can treat the above-described high-temperature exhaust gas and that has sufficient corrosion resistance against corrosive gases such as chlorine gas contained in the exhaust gas. .

  In the high temperature dust collector of the present invention, a support member made of a ceramic fireproof castable having excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance is used as a tube sheet that is suspended and supported in a suspended state. This support member plays a role of partitioning the dust collection chamber into an exhaust gas inlet side and an outlet side at the same time. When the support member is composed only of a fire-resistant castable, there is a possibility that the support member may be softened and deformed at a high temperature due to its own weight or the weight of the tubular filter supported by suspension. Therefore, by embedding a metal cooling pipe or cooling hollow plate as a reinforcing material inside the refractory castable and forcibly cooling it, the strength of the cooling pipe or cooling hollow plate that is the reinforcing material is prevented from decreasing. doing.

  Therefore, since the support member used in the present invention is made of a fire-resistant castable, it has excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance, and is reinforced by a cooling pipe or a cooling hollow plate that does not decrease in strength even at high temperatures. Even in the case of corrosive exhaust gas containing chlorine, it is not deformed or corroded. Therefore, although it has a simple structure in which a plurality of cylindrical filters are suspended and supported by a single support member, it can be used over a long period of time for the treatment of exhaust gas containing chlorine gas at a high temperature discharged from a waste incinerator or the like. And a highly reliable high-temperature dust collector can be provided.

Examples of the refractory castable constituting the support member according to the present invention include alumina, silica alumina, magnesia, chromium magnesia, silicon carbide, cordierite and the like depending on the main component ceramic. For example, an alumina fireproof castable contains about 80-96% by weight Al ₂ O _{3 and} has a heat resistance of 1700 ° C. or higher. The silica-alumina refractory castable contains about 40 to 70% by weight of Al ₂ O ₃ and about 20 to 55% by weight of SiO ₂ , and has a heat resistance of 1200 ° C. or higher. Furthermore, these refractory castables have a much higher corrosion resistance compared to metals and do not react with, for example, chlorine gas, so that they are not corroded by the incinerator exhaust gas containing chlorine gas.

  Such a refractory castable is manufactured by adding and mixing alumina cement, aluminum phosphate or the like as a binder to a ceramic powder as a raw material, adding water and kneading, and then forming into a predetermined shape as a support member. be able to. When forming a refractory castable, a cooling pipe or a cooling hollow plate is embedded therein. In addition, stainless steel fibers or chops can be added to improve the strength. Furthermore, in order to prevent a drop due to partial breakage, a large number of anchors made of fine metal can be dispersed and embedded.

  Inside the fireproof castable, a metal cooling pipe or a cooling hollow plate is embedded as a reinforcing material. The cooling pipe is made of a hollow metal pipe, and the cooling hollow plate is made of a hollow box-like metal plate. In order to prevent a decrease in strength at high temperatures, cooling air or water is allowed to flow through the hollow portion. Can do. Moreover, as a metal which comprises this cooling pipe or a cooling hollow plate, it is necessary to use the material which does not soften or deform | transform at the temperature of about 300 degreeC, Especially, stainless steel is preferable, for example, SUS310S etc. are especially preferable.

  About cooling of a cooling pipe or a cooling hollow plate, it is preferable to set it as the air cooling which flows air in the hollow part, or the water cooling which flows water. In addition, it is desirable to forcibly cool the support member made of a refractory castable in which a cooling pipe or a cooling hollow plate is embedded horizontally in the dust collection chamber, and therefore convection cooling cannot be expected. In the case of air cooling, the cooling pipe or the cooling hollow plate as the reinforcing material is cooled to a temperature of 300 ° C. or less with little decrease in strength. Moreover, in the case of water cooling, in order to suppress boiling of water, it cools to the temperature of 100 degrees C or less. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention so that water and air as the refrigerant do not leak from the cooling pipe or the cooling hollow plate. In the case of water, there is a danger of a steam explosion, and in the case of air, if the combustible component such as hydrogen is contained in the exhaust gas, it is easy to explode.

  Next, a preferred specific example of the high temperature dust collector of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, this high-temperature dust collector includes a plurality of ceramic cylindrical filters 2 in a dust collection chamber 1, and each cylindrical filter 2 has a ceramic flange portion 2 b provided at one end thereof. It is supported in a suspended state on one support member 3 made of a high-quality fireproof castable. The dust collection chamber 1 is divided into upper and lower parts by the support member 3, and the exhaust gas to be treated is introduced from the lower exhaust gas inlet 1 a, and after dust is removed when passing through the filter body 2 a of the cylindrical filter 2, The gas is discharged from the upper exhaust gas outlet 1b.

  FIG. 2 shows a specific example of the support member 3 arranged in the dust collection chamber 1 of the high-temperature dust collector, in which a metal cooling pipe is embedded as a reinforcing material inside the refractory castable constituting the support member 3. FIG. 3 shows a case where a metal cooling hollow plate is embedded. 2 and 3, (a) is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the support member, and (b) is a plan view of the support member. The cooling pipe 4 and the cooling hollow plate 5 are embedded in a necessary number at positions where the fireproof castable constituting the support member 3 can be effectively reinforced, but avoid the mounting hole 3a through which the filter body 2a of the cylindrical filter 2 is inserted. Need to be placed. Although FIG. 3 shows the support member 3 in which one cooling hollow plate 5 is embedded in almost the entire refractory castable, the cooling hollow plate 5 can be divided into two or more and embedded.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the support member 3 suspends and supports the cylindrical filter 2, and at the same time partitions the interior of the dust collection chamber 1 into upper and lower portions. The dust collection chamber 1 is basically composed of a dust collection chamber wall material 8 that is a casing and a heat insulating material 9 disposed inside the dust collection chamber wall material 8. Further, in order to replace the cylindrical filter 2 or clean the inside, the dust collection chamber 1 composed of the dust collection chamber wall material 8 and the heat insulating material 9 is divided into two parts, and is located above the support member 3. The lid side part can be removed. The support member 3 is fixed on the heat insulating material 9 of the dust collecting chamber 1 by its own weight and the weight of the cylindrical filter 2. At the same time, since the heat-resistant sealing material 7a is inserted between the support member 3 and the heat insulating material 9 of the dust collection chamber 1, the exhaust gas inlet side (lower side) of the dust collection chamber 1 partitioned by the support member 3 and The exhaust gas outlet side (upper side) is kept almost airtight. A ceramic fiber blanket or the like can be used as the heat-resistant sealing material.

  Furthermore, the state which supported the cylindrical filter 2 to the supporting member 3 is shown in FIG. The tubular filter 2 is suspended in a state where it is suspended from the support member 3 by the filter body 2a being inserted into the mounting hole 3a of the support member 3 and the flange portion 2b at one end being locked to the periphery of the mounting hole 3a. It is supported. And the heat-resistant sealing material 7b is inserted between the flange part 2b of the cylindrical filter 2 and the support member 3, and in the state which pressed the flange part 2b with the pressing plate 6 from the upper direction, for example to the all anchor fixed to the support member 3 The cylindrical filter 2 is fixed to the support member 3 by tightening with a nut. The presser plate 6 may be usually made of a metal such as stainless steel, but a fireproof castable or the like may be used in consideration of durability. In addition, it is necessary to provide the holding plate 6 with an opening 6 a so as to communicate with the inside of the tubular filter 2.

  The cylindrical filter used in the high-temperature dust collector of the present invention may be one that has been conventionally applied to the treatment of high-temperature exhaust gas as long as it can sufficiently withstand a high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher. As a typical cylindrical filter, for example, a ceramic fiber such as alumina, alumina silica, cordierite, or mullite is formed into a bottomed cylindrical shape. Moreover, the thing produced by sintering the same ceramic powder may be used. The structure of the cylindrical filter itself may be hollow or formed in a honeycomb shape.

  The general manufacturing method of the cylindrical filter which consists of the said ceramic fiber is as follows. That is, a ceramic fiber as a main component and an inorganic binder such as silica sol or alumina sol are dispersed in water, a polymer flocculant is added to form an aggregate, and then a mesh shape having a predetermined bottomed cylindrical shape is formed. Immerse the mold and filter with suction. After the aggregates of the ceramic fibers and the inorganic binder are thus deposited on the mold, the deposited compact is removed, dried or dried, and then fired at a temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher to obtain a cylindrical filter. To do.

It is the schematic which shows one specific example of the high temperature dust collector of this invention. The support member which embedded the cooling pipe inside the fireproof castable concerning this invention is shown, (a) is principal part sectional drawing of the support member vicinity, (b) is a top view of a support member. The support member which embedded the cooling hollow plate inside the fireproof castable concerning this invention is shown, (a) is principal part sectional drawing of a support member vicinity, (b) is a top view of a support member. It is a principal part sectional view showing the state where the cylindrical filter was suspended and supported by the support member concerning the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dust collection chamber 1a Exhaust gas inlet 1b Exhaust gas outlet 2 Tubular filter 2a Filter main body 2b Flange part 3 Support member 3a Mounting hole 4 Cooling pipe 5 Cooling hollow plate 6 Holding plate 6a Opening part 7a, 7b Heat-resistant sealing material 8 Dust collection chamber wall Material 9 Insulation

Claims (3)

A high-temperature dust collector equipped with a ceramic cylindrical filter in a dust collection chamber, and a support member made of a ceramic fireproof castable suspends and supports one end of the cylindrical filter, and exhausts the dust collection chamber from the exhaust gas. A high-temperature dust collector characterized in that a metal cooling pipe or a cooling hollow plate is embedded as a reinforcing material inside the fire-resistant castable of the support member, and is partitioned substantially hermetically on the inlet side and the outlet side. The high-temperature dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the cooling pipe or the cooling hollow plate is cooled to 300 ° C. or lower by air cooling or cooled to 100 ° C. or lower by water cooling. The tubular filter has a filter body inserted into a mounting hole of a support member, and a flange portion of the filter is suspended on a support member via a heat-resistant sealing material, and the flange portion is fixed from above by a presser plate. The high-temperature dust collector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the high-temperature dust collector is provided.

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