JP2005216861A - ファイバ状太陽電池及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ファイバ状太陽電池及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005216861A JP2005216861A JP2005021620A JP2005021620A JP2005216861A JP 2005216861 A JP2005216861 A JP 2005216861A JP 2005021620 A JP2005021620 A JP 2005021620A JP 2005021620 A JP2005021620 A JP 2005021620A JP 2005216861 A JP2005216861 A JP 2005216861A
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- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2031—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H10K30/10—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising heterojunctions between organic semiconductors and inorganic semiconductors
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
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- H10K85/344—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising ruthenium
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】 第一炭素ナノチューブ及び還元電極用材料よりなる多孔性ファイバの気孔に第二炭素ナノチューブ、二酸化チタン、感光性色素及び電子伝達用電解質が含まれているファイバ型内部コア、前記ファイバ型内部コアの表面にコーティングされており、一種以上の光導電性高分子よりなる光導電層、前記光導電層の表面にコーティングされている透明電極層、及び前記透明電極層の表面にコーティングされており、一種以上の透明高分子よりなる透明保護層を含むファイバ状太陽電池、その製造方法及び使用方法である。本発明のファイバ状太陽電池は、既存の太陽電池より優秀な電池性能を有し、高分子工程を利用して製造できるので、低コストで量産可能であるだけでなく、衣類型にも製造できて、多様な携帯用電子製品の携帯用電源として使用できる。
【選択図】 図1E
Description
(a)ファイバ製造
多重壁炭素ナノチューブ(カーボレックス社製)1g、直径が10nmである酸化スズ(アルドリッチ社製)3g及び炭酸アンモニウム5gをポリビニルアルコール水溶液(水80%含有)91gと混合して、ファイバ製造用水溶液を製造した後、湿式放射法で放射させて、500μmの厚さのファイバを製造した。次いで、前記ファイバを430℃で30分間発泡焼成させた。
多重壁炭素ナノチューブ(カーボレックス社製)1g、直径は10nmであり、表面積は250m2/gである多孔性二酸化チタン(ナノ社製)72g、酸化カリウム5g、ルテニウム色素含有化合物(STI社製)15g、アセトニトリル溶液5g、ヨウ化ジメチルへキシルイミダゾリウム1g、ヨウ素1gを混合した混合物に、前記(a)段階で製造した多孔性ファイバを50℃で30分間含浸させた後、100℃で1時間乾燥させた。
ポリビニルカルバゾール0.97gと直径10ミクロンの酸化スズ0.03gとを100mlのメチルピロリドンに溶解させて光導電層形成用の混合物を製造した後、これを前記(b)段階から得たファイバに含浸法を利用してコーティングし、150℃で30分間乾燥させた。
前記(c)段階で形成されたファイバ表面を200nmのインジウム酸化スズで常温で10分間スパッタリングコーティングした。
含浸法を利用してポリエチレンナフタレート1gを1000mlのメチルピロリドンに溶解させた後、前記(d)段階で形成されたファイバの表面をポリエチレンナフタレートでコーティングして150℃で30分間乾燥させた。
前記実施例で製造されたファイバ状太陽電池の効率を1kW/m2、50℃で電圧(V)−電流(I)Curve Tracer(Techno Inc.製)で測定した結果、7%の光変換効率を示したが、これは、従来のグラチェル電池(Sustainable Technologies International社製)の光変換効率である5%より高い。
3 第一炭素ナノチューブ、
4 還元用電極材料、
6 ファイバ型内部コア、
8 第二炭素ナノチューブ、
10 二酸化チタン、
12 感光性色素、
14 電子伝達用電解質、
16 光導電層、
18 透明電極層、
20 透明保護層。
Claims (20)
- (a)第一炭素ナノチューブ及び還元電極用材料よりなる多孔性ファイバの気孔に、第二炭素ナノチューブ、二酸化チタン、感光性色素及び電子伝達用電解質が含まれているファイバ型内部コアと、
(b)前記ファイバ型内部コアの表面にコーティングされており、一種以上の光導電性高分子よりなる光導電層と、
(c)前記光導電層の表面にコーティングされている透明電極層と、
(d)前記透明電極層の表面にコーティングされており、一種以上の透明高分子よりなる透明保護層と、を含むファイバ状太陽電池。 - 前記第一炭素ナノチューブは、多重壁構造、金属性の単一層構造または金属性の二重層構造を有し、前記多孔性ファイバの製造に使われるバインダーを基準として1ないし15質量%含まれることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のファイバ状太陽電池。
- 前記還元電極用材料は、10nmないし50nmの直径を有する酸化スズであり、前記酸化スズは、前記多孔性ファイバの製造に使われるバインダーを基準として1ないし5質量%含まれることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のファイバ状太陽電池。
- 前記第二炭素ナノチューブは、直径10nmないし100nmの多重壁構造、金属性の単一層構造または金属製の二重層構造を有し、前記多孔性ファイバを含浸させるための第二炭素ナノチューブ、二酸化チタン、感光性色素及び電子伝達用電解質が含まれている溶液を基準として0.1ないし3質量%含まれることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のファイバ状太陽電池。
- 前記二酸化チタンは、表面積が200m2/gないし300m2/gの直径1nmないし50nmの多孔性粒子であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のファイバ状太陽電池。
- 前記感光性色素がルテニウム含有錯体、オスミウム含有錯体、鉄含有錯体または、2〜3個の遷移金属を含有する錯体であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のファイバ状太陽電池。
- 前記電子伝達用電解質がヨウ素/ヨウ化物溶液、臭素/臭化物溶液、ヒドロキノン溶液または非結合電子を運搬する遷移金属錯体溶液であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のファイバ状太陽電池。
- 前記光導電層が1nmないし50nmの直径を有する酸化スズを、前記光導電性高分子を基準として1質量%ないし5質量%さらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のファイバ状太陽電池。
- (a)第一炭素ナノチューブ、還元電極用材料及びバインダーを含む溶液からファイバを形成した後に焼成して多孔性ファイバを形成する段階と、
(b)前記多孔性ファイバを第二炭素ナノチューブ、二酸化チタン、感光性色素及び電子伝達用電解質を含む溶液に含浸させてファイバ型内部コアを形成する段階と、
(c)前記ファイバ型内部コアの表面を一種以上の光導電性高分子でコーティング及び乾燥して光導電層の形成及び表面の平坦化を行う段階と、
(d)前記光導電層の表面を透明電極形成用インジウム酸化スズでコーティングして透明電極層を形成する段階と、
(e)前記透明電極層の表面を一種以上の透明高分子でコーティングして透明保護層を形成する段階と、を含むファイバ状太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記第一炭素ナノチューブは、多重壁構造、金属性の単一層構造または金属性の二重層構造を有し、前記バインダーを基準として1ないし15質量%含まれることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のファイバ状太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記還元電極用材料は、10nmないし50nmの直径を有する酸化スズであり、前記酸化スズは、前記バインダーを基準として1ないし5質量%含まれることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のファイバ状太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記(a)段階は、炭酸アンモニウム、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル及びベンゼンスルホニルヒドラジドよりなる群から選択された一種以上の発泡剤をさらに含んで行われることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のファイバ状太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記多孔性ファイバは、湿式放射法により形成されることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のファイバ状太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記焼成の温度は、400℃ないし500℃であることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のファイバ状太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記第二炭素ナノチューブは、直径10nmないし100nmの多重壁構造を有し、第二炭素ナノチューブ、二酸化チタン、感光性色素及び電子伝達用電解質を含む溶液を基準として0.1ないし3質量%含まれることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のファイバ状太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記二酸化チタンは、表面積が200m2/gないし300m2/gの直径1nmないし50nmの多孔性粒子であることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のファイバ状太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記感光性色素はルテニウム含有錯体、オスミウム含有錯体、鉄錯体または2〜3個の遷移金属を含有する錯体であることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のファイバ状太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記(c)段階は、1nmないし50nmサイズの直径を有する酸化スズを前記光導電性高分子を基準として1質量%ないし5質量%さらに含んで行われることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のファイバ状太陽電池の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載のファイバ状太陽電池を利用した衣類。
- 請求項1に記載のファイバ状太陽電池を利用した携帯用電源。
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