JP2005214855A - Surface gas sampler and surface gas sampling method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a simply and rapidly usable instrument capable of collectively sampling the gas emitted from the surface of a sample without mixing impurities in an atmosphere with a sampled component, and a method using it. <P>SOLUTION: The surface gas sampler includes a surface hermetically closing chamber, the gas flow channel switching means connected to the surface hermetically closing chamber, the carrier gas purge means connected to the gas flow channel switching means and a gas sampling means. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for collecting gas from the surface of a sample, and more particularly, to a surface gas collecting apparatus including a surface sealing chamber, a gas flow path switching means, a carrier gas purging means and a gas collecting means, and The present invention relates to a surface gas sampling method using a surface gas sampling device. Since the apparatus of the present invention can be applied to biological surfaces such as skin and mucous membranes, it can also be applied to disease diagnosis and the like.

Conventionally, as a method for analyzing surface gas, there has been a method in which a material such as a temperature-programmed desorption gas generator is placed in a sealed space, gas components generated from the surface are collected, and introduced into the analyzer (for example, wafer temperature rise). Degassing device, UG-20 / 21, manufactured by Renesas East Japan Semiconductor). In particular, in the case of biogas measurement, various analysis methods have been developed for oxygen and carbon dioxide gas present at relatively high concentrations, and a very wide variety of products have been developed (for example, exhaled CO ₂ analyzer, BIO RESEARCH CENTER Company-made). However, in such a local gas sampling method, for example, in expiration, the gas concentration varies depending on breathing methods such as mouth / nose breathing, rest breathing, deep breathing, and breath-holding, and the gas concentration varies depending on the sampling method. There was a problem. In particular, the collection of exhaled breath in the drinking test can also lower the exhaled ethanol concentration by airway dead space ventilation, which requires the cooperation of the subjects.
On the other hand, as a transcutaneous gas monitor, a device capable of measuring oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration after warming the skin and promoting gas release has already been commercialized (for example, transdermal blood gas content). Pressure _PO2 / _PCO2 monitor 9100, manufactured by Koken Medical). In addition, a technique for analyzing transcutaneous oxygen saturation using infrared transmission has been widely used in clinical practice (for example, pulse oximeter OLV-3100, manufactured by Nihon Kohden Co., Ltd.).
In addition, many conventional surface gas sampling devices are large and have problems in terms of simplicity and speed. For example, conventional skin gas sampling methods include a method of collecting gas by creating a sealed space on the skin surface and refluxing or storing a small amount of gas (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). In the gas sampling device, the device must be connected to a mixture purity gas or an analysis device, and the entire system becomes large and the portability is poor.
Various ideas have been made to solve such a problem, but it is still insufficient as a solution to the problem. In particular, in the conventional surface gas sampling device and method, as in the present invention, the carrier gas is stored in advance (for example, in a syringe) and then purged, and then negative pressure is applied to the sample surface gas. There are no samples collected with the carrier gas.
JP-A 64-9337 JP 59-88141 A

  In view of the circumstances as described above, the development of an apparatus and method that can be used in a simple and quick manner that can collect gases emitted from the sample surface by reducing impurities in the atmosphere mixed in the collected components as much as possible. It is a problem to be solved by the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides:
(1) A surface gas sampling device including a surface sealing chamber, a gas flow path switching means connected to the surface sealing chamber, and a carrier gas purge means and a gas sampling means connected to the gas flow path switching means;
(2) The surface gas sampling device according to (1), wherein the carrier gas purging means and the gas sampling means are the same means;
(3) The surface gas sampling device according to (2), wherein the carrier gas purging means and the gas sampling means are a combination of a piston and a cylinder;
(4) The surface gas sampling device according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the gas flow path switching means is a three-way cock;
(5) The surface gas sampling device according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the inner surface of the surface sealing chamber is selected from the group consisting of quartz, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, and polished metal.
(6) The surface gas sampling device according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the carrier gas is a high purity gas;
(7) The surface gas sampling device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the surface from which gas is collected is skin or mucous membrane;
(8) The surface gas sampling device according to (7), which is used for collecting ethanol emitted from the skin surface;
(9) A surface gas sampling method using the surface gas sampling device according to any one of (1) to (8);
(10) A biological surface gas sampling method using the surface gas sampling device according to any one of (1) to (8);
(11) The method according to (10), wherein the biological surface is the skin surface or the mucosal surface; and (12) the method according to (11), wherein ethanol emitted from the skin surface is collected.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the instrument and method which can be used simply and rapidly can collect | recover the gas emitted from the sample surface collectively, without mixing the impurity in atmosphere into a collection component. The apparatus and method of the present invention are also suitable for collecting gases emitted from various surfaces, and can also collect biological surface gases. Further, since the apparatus of the present invention has a very simple configuration, it can be easily miniaturized or portable, and the range of use as a portable skin gas collecting apparatus can be expanded.

  As described above, the surface gas sampling device of the present invention includes the surface sealing chamber 1, the gas flow path switching means 2 connected to the surface sealing chamber 1, and the carrier gas purge means 3 connected to the gas flow path switching means 2. And a gas sampling means 4 (see FIG. 1). However, FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example in which the carrier gas purging means 3 and the gas sampling means 4 are the same means. The surface sealing chamber 1, the gas flow path switching means 2, the carrier gas purging means 3 and the gas sampling means 4 may be connected via some connecting means 5, but the connecting means 5 can be omitted and can be directly connected or integrated. It may be made. The carrier gas purging means 3 and the gas sampling means 4 are preferably the same means from the viewpoints of ease of operation and speed, as well as simplification and miniaturization of the apparatus. Hereinafter, the surface gas sampling device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1, but this description relates only to an example of the device of the present invention and does not limit the present invention.

  The shape and size of the skin surface sealing chamber (hereinafter also referred to as “chamber”) 1 may be any one as long as it corresponds to the sample or specimen, and is arbitrary. However, if the structure is complicated, it is difficult to remove the contamination in the chamber 1, so that it is desirable to have a simple cylindrical or hemispherical shape as much as possible. The shape of the contact portion of the chamber 1 with the sample 6 is preferably matched with the shape of the sample surface. Depending on the purpose, if the material of the chamber 1 has pressure resistance, a suction cup type that can be sealed in a complicated surface shape may be used. The chamber 1 can be connected to the gas flow path switching means 2 so as to serve as an inlet for a carrier gas (not shown in FIG. 1). As described above, this connection may be via the connection means 5, and may be directly connected or integrated. The material of the chamber 1 is not particularly limited, but it is desirable to select a material that does not cause a chemical reaction and does not generate free compounds from the material itself. The material for the inner surface of the chamber 1 is preferably smooth quartz, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, or a metal material such as polished stainless steel, copper, or aluminum so that the attached lipids or organic compounds can be easily removed. It is desirable to select a suitable material. If ultra-high sensitivity analysis (order of ppb) is performed later, a hyper-treated bright annealed tube material is preferable as the metal material. If high sensitivity analysis is not required, the material of the chamber 1 may be plastic or synthetic resin. However, a transparent material is convenient because the state of suction on the skin surface can be confirmed. Further, when not in use, it is desirable to attach a lid (for example, an aluminum foil) that can maintain airtightness in order to prevent contamination by the atmosphere. When the same chamber 1 is frequently used, the impurities are sufficiently wiped off with water before use.

  In order to improve the close contact of the chamber 1 with the sample surface 6 and prevent the mixing of the atmosphere, it may be wound and fixed with a magic band or the like (not shown). Alternatively, if the material of the chamber 1 is selected according to the purpose of analysis in order to provide an airtightness between the sample surface 6 and the chamber 1, an adhesive gel or the like (for example, synthetic resin rubber or silicon rubber) The airtightness can also be maintained using Also. When the sample surface is heated depending on the purpose, a temperature adjusting function in the chamber may be added.

  Any gas flow path switching means 2 may be used as long as it can be used for the purpose of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can select various ones. The gas flow path switching means 2 may be a so-called cock. Typically, the gas flow path switching means 2 is a three-way stopcock, but it is not necessarily a three-way stopcock and may be a two-way stopcock. Three-way stopcocks that are standard for medical use are easily available in the medical field (for example, top three-way stopcock L-type, Becton Dickinson Connecta (registered trademark), etc.). For example, if it is difficult to place the device anatomically, such as axillary, pudendal, or anal area, connect it with a medical extension tube (for example, a JMS extension tube) and operate the gas flow path switching means 2. It is also possible to bring it to an easy part. The material is not particularly limited, but it is desirable to select a material that has pressure resistance, does not cause a chemical reaction, and does not generate free compounds from the material itself. It is also desirable to select a material that can easily remove attached lipids and organic compounds. For the purpose of ultra-high sensitivity analysis, it is desirable to use a hyper-processed bright annealed tube material. In order to prevent condensation, a heater may be wound around the piping system.

  The materials of the carrier gas purging means 3 and the gas sampling means 4 are not particularly limited, and can be selected according to the type of substance to be collected and the level of analysis sensitivity. It is desirable to select one that does not cause a chemical reaction and does not generate free compounds from the material itself. An example of a preferable material is a glass material that is well-matched. The sizes of the carrier gas purge means 3 and the gas sampling means 4 vary depending on the purpose of use, the required sample amount, and the like. The shape is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a bag (gas bag) shape or a cylindrical shape. The carrier gas purging means 3 and the gas sampling means 4 are preferably those having a structure consisting of a piston and a cylinder from the viewpoint of operability, and may be a syringe barrel. Further, the carrier gas purging means 3 and the gas sampling means 4 may be manually operated (for example, a syringe) or may be operated by a pump or the like. In the case of collecting living body surface gas, a plastic syringe frequently used in an actual medical site may be used. A high-purity gas according to the demand for analysis sensitivity is put in the carrier gas purging means 3 in advance, and connected to the chamber 1 via the gas flow path switching means 2 immediately before collecting the sample surface gas, and the atmosphere on the skin surface is changed to the carrier. Purge with gas. At this time, the carrier gas purges the atmosphere between the sample surface 6 and the chamber 1 or through the gas flow path switching means 2. Thereby, the atmosphere existing on the sample surface 6 covered with the chamber 1 can be replaced with the carrier gas. Further, as described above, the carrier gas purging means 3 and the gas sampling means 4 may be the same means from the viewpoints of ease of operation and speed, as well as simplification, miniaturization, and portability of the apparatus. For example, it may be a single syringe. The carrier gas purging means 3 from the carrier gas source may be filled by any method, but it is preferable that an appropriate amount of carrier gas is introduced from a cylinder equipped with a flow controller or an appropriate amount is introduced by a pump.

  As will be described later, when the gas accumulates in the chamber 1, the gas in the chamber is extracted into the gas sampling means 4 using the gas sampling means 4. The gas flow path switching means 2 is closed to keep the gas sampling means 4 airtight. In order to simplify the transportation of the collected sample, for example, the chamber 1 and the gas flow path switching means 2 are detachable and transported together with the gas flow path switching means 2 while keeping the gas sampling means 4 airtight. You may be able to do it.

  An apparatus and method for collecting gas after purging the carrier gas into the chamber as in the present invention has not been reported so far. This purging of the carrier gas is effective when the target analysis compound is at or below the atmosphere. That is, background noise is suppressed by purging, and high sensitivity analysis is possible.

  Various carrier gases can be selected according to the purpose, and may be pure oxygen or an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon. It is desirable to use a grade whose purity depends on the analytical sensitivity. In particular, high-purity argon, high-purity artificial air, high-purity nitrogen, or the like can be used in accordance with the needs of the detection system of the analyzer. For example, in the case of collecting biological surface gas, artificial air is desirable because the biological surface is placed under physiological conditions, but it may be one from which impurities have been removed with activated carbon or the like. In order to demonstrate the portability of this system, it is convenient to use a small high-pressure cylinder as much as possible as a carrier gas source.

  As the connecting means 5, the chamber 1, the gas flow path switching means 2, the carrier gas purging means 3 and the gas sampling means 4 can be connected without leaking gas, and there is little chemical change and little liberation of impurities. Good. A flexible material (for example, a silicon tube) may be used according to the purpose of use of the apparatus.

  The sample 6 may be any size and shape as long as it emits gas from the surface itself, and the opening of the chamber 1 can be applied to the surface. Sample 6 is typically a solid or semi-solid. Examples of the solid or semi-solid sample include living bodies such as the skin surface or mucosal surface, foods such as fruits and vegetables, wood (for example, building materials), cells on a solid medium, and the like. When the apparatus of the present invention is used for collecting biological surface gas, it is possible to noninvasively analyze the search for specific low-molecular compounds in various diseases, in vivo metabolism, drug metabolism dynamics, and the like.

  Gases collected by the apparatus and method of the present invention are preferably volatile and low molecular. For example, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, methane, ethane, pentane, isoprene, ammonia, amines, volatile sulfur compounds, volatile organic acids, aldehydes, nitrogen oxides, etc. Any volatile compound may be mentioned as suitable for the apparatus and method of the present invention. The gas includes water vapor, and the moisture content of the sample can be measured.

  Sample surface gas sampling system for highly sensitive analysis already developed and put to practical use by the applicants (Akihito Shimonai, Kiyo Shimomura “Super Sensitive Analysis System and Method for Gas Generated from Sample Surface” Japanese Patent Application 2003-88653 No.) has a fixed structure and has a total weight of 3 kg or more because it is equipped with a heater, mass flow controller, etc., while the device of the present invention depends on the size and material of each part used. For example, the total weight including the syringe barrel, the chamber, and the three-way cock can be suppressed to 25 g or less, and a product having remarkably excellent portability can be obtained. In addition, when collecting gas from the surface of a living body, particularly from the skin or mucous membrane, members other than the chamber have an advantage that they can be easily obtained at a medical site. Furthermore, the device of the present invention is advantageous in that it is possible to collect local skin gas such as a sputum or perineum, and a site can be freely selected.

In the following, referring to FIG. 2, the method of using the apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the description given here is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, first, a carrier gas 27 (for example, high-purity gas (ultra high-purity artificial air or high-purity nitrogen gas)) suitable for the purpose is filled in the carrier gas purge means 23, and a gas flow path is obtained. A gas flow path to the chamber 21 is secured by the switching means 22 (step (1)).

  Next, the carrier gas 27 is introduced into the chamber 21 from the carrier gas purging means 23 through the gas flow path switching means 22 and pushed out onto the sample surface 26, and the atmosphere is sufficiently exhausted from the gap between the sample surface 26 and the chamber 1 (preferably Is at least about twice the chamber volume), and then creates a sealed space between the chamber 21 and the sample surface 26. After lightly applying pressure to the chamber 21 with the carrier gas 27, a sealed space may be created between the surface 26 and the sample (step (2)). Creation of this sealed space can be achieved, for example, by pressing the chamber 21 against the sample surface 26 with an appropriate force. At this time, in order to improve the close contact of the chamber 21 with the sample surface 26 and prevent the mixing of the atmosphere, it may be wound and fixed with a magic band or the like (not shown) as described above. Alternatively, in order to provide airtightness between the sample surface 26 and the chamber 21, the material of the chamber 21 is appropriately selected and airtight using an adhesive gel or the like (for example, synthetic resin rubber or silicon rubber). You can keep the sex.

  Next, the inside of the chamber 21 is set to a negative pressure for a certain time while the gas sampling means 24 is pulled by a certain volume (step (3)). The degree of negative pressure and the negative pressure holding time vary depending on the purpose and can be changed as appropriate. A pressure gauge may be connected to the chamber 21 to monitor the degree of negative pressure. As a result, water vapor and low-molecular volatile components (hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide gas, methane gas, carbon monoxide, nitrogen monoxide, etc.) diffuse, and the degree of negative pressure gradually decreases. After a certain time, the gas flow path switching means 22 is closed, the gas flow path switching means 22 is separated from the chamber 21, and the gas that has entered the gas sampling means 24 with the gas flow path switching means 22 is used as an analyte for analysis. (Step (4)). If a more sensitive analysis is required, for example, a high-purity high-pressure gas cylinder (not shown) is connected to the three-way stopcock 22 in advance, and the inside of the chamber 21 is purged for a sufficient time via the connection means 25. Also good.

  By the above operation, especially low molecular volatile compounds diffuse through the skin more, and as a result, it is synonymous with the concentration of skin gas specific components. In addition, coupled with a decrease in the background level due to the purge, a highly sensitive analysis is possible even with a very small amount of gas.

  Furthermore, the present invention relates to a sample surface gas sampling method using the above apparatus.

  In one aspect thereof, the present invention relates to a method for collecting biological surface gas, characterized in that the apparatus is used. The surface of the living body is generally a skin surface or a mucosal surface, but may be a surface of another part. Such a method is non-invasive and causes little damage and burden to the living body.

Furthermore, when collecting gas from the surface of a living body using the surface gas sampling device, the inventors have increased the collected gas concentration by creating a congested state in the tourniquet, and further, It was found that collection was easy. Thus, the present invention:
(13) A biological surface gas collection kit including the surface gas collection device and the tourniquet described in any of (1) to (8) above;
(14) A biological surface gas collection method using the kit according to (13);
(15) The kit according to (13), wherein the biological surface is the skin surface; and (16) the method according to (14), wherein the biological surface is the skin surface.

  The tourniquet used in the present invention may be one normally used in the medical field, and its material is generally a rubber tube or rubber band. An appropriate part of the living body, for example, the upper arm part may be bound using a tourniquet, and skin gas may be collected from the forearm part. A specific example is shown in Example 2.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail and specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.

  A three-way cock connected to a chamber (made of Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, internal volume 5 ml) with a plastic syringe filled with 12 mL of high-purity air as a carrier gas for subjects who drank 300 mL of shochu for 15 minutes The high-purity air was pushed into a chamber placed on the skin surface inside the upper arm through a cock, and the atmosphere was purged through the chamber and the skin. The inner cylinder was kept at a negative pressure up to 10 mL, and after 1 minute, the cock was closed, and finally 4 mL of skin gas was obtained under atmospheric pressure. The gas sampling was performed at a room temperature of 25 ° C. On the other hand, exhaled breath obtained by quiet ventilation of high-purity artificial air at the same time was collected as a control. By the above method, 30 minutes before drinking and 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 120 minutes, and 180 minutes after drinking, the expiration and skin gas changes over time were followed. Ethanol analysis was performed by FID of a gas chromatograph (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). The ethanol concentration in the skin gas was almost parallel to that in the exhaled breath, and a very good correlation was observed (FIG. 3). Moreover, although the ethanol in the skin gas collected using the apparatus of the present invention was in the range of about 1 to 2 ppm (one order lower than that in exhaled breath), it was better quantified due to the background reduction effect by purging. Sex was obtained.

  Using the apparatus of the present invention and the tourniquet, an experiment was conducted in which a congested state was created and gas emitted from the surface of the living body was concentrated to collect a trace gas component from the skin surface. As an experimental method, the same apparatus as in Example 1 was used to purge the inside of the chamber with 12 mL of high-purity air, set the negative pressure for 1 minute, and then extract the skin gas. A method (left forearm portion) obtained by binding the upper arm relatively tightly with a rubber band for a belt and collecting it after standing for 1 minute was compared with a method for collecting skin gas without binding (right forearm portion). Measurement items are hydrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide, all of which are medically important low-molecular gaseous compounds. These skin gas concentrations were analyzed by TRIlyzer (manufactured by Taiyo Co., Ltd.). As a result, the skin gas collected without binding by the tourniquet was 0.2, 0.7, and 0.2 ppm for hydrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide, respectively. In the state where the blood was congested, hydrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide were 0.5, 1.8, and 0.5 ppm, respectively, and the gas concentrations were more than doubled (Table 1). As a method for increasing the detection sensitivity, this method is extremely simple compared to the conventional infrared heating method (Japanese Patent No. 1682886), and the gas concentration can be increased only by binding with the tourniquet. Sensitivity analysis is possible. Therefore, the excellent effect and usefulness of the kit and method for collecting biological surface gas including the surface gas collecting device and the tourniquet of the present invention were shown. Such a kit is easy to simplify and lighten. In addition, tying in the tourniquet is a procedure that is usually performed in the medical field, and does not cause great pain to the subject.

As described above, the surface gas sampling apparatus of the present invention and the surface gas sampling method using the same have many advantages over the prior art. These benefits are listed below:
Shortening of skin gas collection time: If the purge method as in the present invention is applied to the conventional skin gas collection method, it takes several tens of seconds to several minutes or several tens of minutes to purge the dead space in the chamber. However, a low molecular weight trace gas component can be collected in the same amount of time as that of normal venous blood collection (several seconds to several tens of seconds).
Utility of detecting low-molecular-weight volatile compounds: The gas that can be collected by the apparatus and method of the present invention is not particularly limited in molecular weight, but as shown in the Examples, low-molecular-weight compounds are compared with high-molecular compounds, and Since the permeability is good, more low molecular compounds can be collected by using negative pressure, and there is a gas concentration effect for the low molecular compounds. For this reason, hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, and the like that have been conventionally at the same level as the atmosphere can be detected at a higher concentration in a short time, and pathophysiological evaluation is facilitated.
Impurity suppression: The structure is simple, so there is little adhesion of impurities and the inner surface is easy to clean. Even if it adheres, the chamber can be released by thermal desorption or an organic solvent.
Portability: Since the structure of the present invention is extremely simple, it can be easily reduced in size and weight, and can be portable. For example, the weight can be suppressed to 25 g or less. Each part other than the chamber and high-purity gas can use three-way stopcocks, syringes, extension tubes, etc., which are always available at any medical site, and can be easily carried to the site to collect gas. The apparatus of the present invention can be used for field work such as group screening and home visits, for example.
Non-invasive analysis: The components liberated and exhausted from the sample surface can be analyzed non-invasively and non-destructively. Therefore, gas can be collected without damaging the sample, and when applied to a living body, the burden on the living body is extremely small.
Although the use of the apparatus of the present invention is various, it can be applied to, for example, ethanol inspection. In that case, the subject's cooperation is necessary for the collection of exhalation, and a warrant is necessary to collect blood, and there is a problem that it takes time to obtain the warrant. However, no warrant is required to collect skin gas.
Easy maintenance: Chambers contaminated with sebum and organic compounds are very easy to maintain by simply rinsing and drying with normal neutral detergent or pure. By simplifying the gas flow path as much as possible and using a material with a smooth inner surface, countermeasures against contamination may be physical washing such as heat desorption and running water. Alternatively, after wiping the inner surface with a bencott (Ozu Sangyo Co., Ltd.) soaked in an organic solvent (for example, acetone), the solvent may be removed by heat desorption. As long as observation is performed by high-sensitivity mass spectrometry, most of the impurities can be removed by the above method.
Versatile application: Samples such as food freshness and spoilage can also be placed over the chamber to make trace volatile compounds from their surfaces non-destructive. It is possible to collect skin gas all over the body such as palm, sole, trunk, extremities, and face. Information specific to the skin, such as the amount of skin sweating, aging odor substances, and odor components, can also be obtained, and can be used for skin beauty and dynamic analysis of cosmetic substances. Furthermore, there is a possibility that it can be applied to the estimated dead time of corpses by collecting skin gas from cadaver and analyzing it. In addition, it can be used in various fields such as identification of building materials that cause sick house syndrome, and its application range is extremely wide.
Qualification not required: Skin gas collection using the device of the present invention is a non-invasive method, and current methods do not require medical qualifications such as doctors, nurses, clinical technologists, etc. Gas can be easily and easily collected at home or at work. Furthermore, such a skin gas sampling device may be useful for analyzing biological components of newborns and infants that are difficult to collect blood.

  The apparatus and method of the present invention can collect gas emitted from its surface while suppressing the background. Samples are also wide and applicable to building materials, foods, or living organisms. Therefore, it can be used in various industrial fields.

It is a figure which shows an example of the surface gas sampling apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows the usage method of the surface gas sampling apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows the contrast of the ethanol concentration in skin gas and expiration based on the skin gas extract | collected by the apparatus of this invention. The numbers in parentheses in the figure indicate the measurement points before and after drinking. For example, (-30) means 30 minutes before drinking, and (30) means 30 minutes after drinking.

Explanation of symbols

1,21 Surface sealing chambers 2,22 Gas flow path switching means 3,23 Carrier gas purge means 4,24 Gas sampling means 5,25 Connection means 6,26 Sample 27 Carrier gas

Claims (16)

  A surface gas sampling device comprising a surface sealing chamber, a gas flow path switching means connected to the surface sealing chamber, and a carrier gas purge means and a gas sampling means connected to the gas flow path switching means.   2. The surface gas sampling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the carrier gas purging means and the gas sampling means are the same means.   3. A surface gas sampling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the carrier gas purging means and the gas sampling means are a combination of a piston and a cylinder.   The surface gas sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gas flow path switching means is a three-way cock.   The surface gas sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inner surface of the surface sealing chamber is selected from the group consisting of smooth quartz, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, and polished metal.   6. The surface gas sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the carrier gas is a high purity gas.   The surface gas collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the surface from which the gas is collected is skin or mucous membrane.   8. The surface gas sampling device according to claim 7, which is used for collecting ethanol emitted from the skin surface.   A surface gas sampling method using the surface gas sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 (excluding gas sampling from a human body surface).   A biological surface gas sampling method using the surface gas sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 (excluding gas sampling from a human body surface).   11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the living body surface is a skin surface or a mucosal surface (except for collecting gas from the human body surface).   12. The method according to claim 11, wherein ethanol emitted from the skin surface is collected (except for collecting gas from the human body surface).   A biological surface gas collection kit comprising the device according to claim 1 and a tourniquet.   A biological surface gas collection method using the kit according to claim 13 (however, gas collection from the surface of a human body is excluded).   The kit according to claim 13, wherein the biological surface is a skin surface.   15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the biological surface is the skin surface (except for collecting gas from the human body surface).

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