JP2005211766A - Method and apparatus for treating fat and oil scum in wastewater containing fat and oil - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for treating fat and oil scum in wastewater containing fat and oil Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 51
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 37
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000219310 Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021536 Sugar beet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
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- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理方法および処理装置に係り、とくに食品工場より排出される排水であって動植物性油脂を含むスカムの処理に用いて好適な油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理方法および処理装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating oil scum in wastewater containing fats and oils, and more particularly, in wastewater containing fats and oils suitable for treatment of scum containing animal and vegetable fats and oils discharged from food factories. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating oil scum.
従来より食品工場から排出される動植物性油脂（廃油）の処理は、異物や水分等の混入が少ない場合には、種々の加工技術によって再生され、固形石鹸の原料として用いられたり、燃料の代替物として応用されている。 Treatment of animal and vegetable oils and fats (waste oil) discharged from food factories has been regenerated by various processing techniques and used as a raw material for solid soap, or as a substitute for fuel when there is little contamination with foreign matter or moisture. It is applied as a thing.
ところが工場施設の洗滌工程で排出されかつ動植物油を含む浮上スカムは、工場排水とともに排出される。このような浮上スカムを含む排水は、カスや洗剤等の異物あるいは水分を含むために、処理が非常に困難になっている。一般には専門業者がバキューム回収し、産業廃棄物として処理するか、工場内にとくに設置された加圧浮上処理設備および脱水処理設備等によって脱水ケーキにし、産業廃棄物として処分するのが一般的である。 However, the floating scum that is discharged in the washing process of the factory facility and contains animal and vegetable oils is discharged together with the factory waste water. Since the waste water containing such floating scum contains foreign matters such as scum and detergent or moisture, it is very difficult to treat. In general, it is common for specialists to collect the vacuum and dispose of it as industrial waste, or to make dehydrated cakes using pressurized flotation and dehydration equipment installed in the factory and dispose of it as industrial waste. is there.
すなわち従来食品工場等から排出される排水には、洗滌等で流出した浮上スカムが含まれ、このような浮上スカムを含む排水はピットや原水槽等に滞留される。この浮上スカムは腐敗して悪臭を発生するとともに、エマルジョンまたはオイルボールとなって、排水処理設備に流入する。従って活性汚泥法等の水処理に対して悪影響を及す。 In other words, wastewater discharged from a food factory or the like includes floating scum that has flowed out by washing or the like, and the wastewater containing such floating scum is retained in a pit or raw water tank. The floating scum rots and generates a bad odor, and becomes an emulsion or an oil ball and flows into the waste water treatment facility. Therefore, it has an adverse effect on water treatment such as the activated sludge method.
そこで上述のような浮上スカムを油分離槽等によって分離し、産業廃棄物としてバキューム回収するか、排水とともに加圧浮上処理を行なって凝集汚泥とし、脱水機によって脱水ケーキとする方法が一般的に採用されていた。 Therefore, a method is generally used in which the floating scum as described above is separated by an oil separation tank or the like and is vacuum collected as industrial waste, or is subjected to pressure floating treatment with drainage to form agglomerated sludge and a dehydrated cake by a dehydrator. It was adopted.
油分離槽で分離されかつバキューム回収されるスカムは、多量の水や異物を含む。すなわち水や異物の量が１５〜５０重量％に達するために、その分バキューム回収の量が多くなり、回収のための費用がかかる。また季節によって温度に応じて固体であったり、液体であったりするために、回収が困難な場合を生ずる。またスカムは長時間水等と接触することによって、腐敗が進行し、悪臭を発生するために、公害問題にもなる。 The scum separated in the oil separation tank and vacuum collected contains a large amount of water and foreign matter. That is, since the amount of water and foreign matter reaches 15 to 50% by weight, the amount of vacuum recovery increases correspondingly, and the cost for recovery increases. Depending on the season, it may be solid or liquid depending on the temperature, so that it may be difficult to recover. In addition, since scum is in contact with water or the like for a long period of time, the rot of scum progresses and generates a bad odor.
一方加圧浮上法は、硫酸バン土（硫酸アルミニウム）等の凝集剤や中和剤（苛性ソーダ）、高分子凝集剤等の薬品を添加して凝集汚泥にする。この凝集汚泥は、フロックが弱く、微細になために、そのままでは脱水機で脱水処理ができないために、さらに凝集剤や高分子凝集剤を添加し、脱水ケーキとして処分していた。 On the other hand, in the pressure flotation method, a flocculant such as banned sulfate (aluminum sulfate), a neutralizing agent (caustic soda), and a chemical such as a polymer flocculant are added to form sludge. Since this flocculent sludge has weak flocs and is fine, it cannot be dehydrated with a dehydrator as it is, and therefore a flocculant or a polymer flocculant was added and disposed as a dehydrated cake.
このように動植物性油脂を含む浮上スカムの処理は、バキューム回収や加圧浮上−脱水処理の何れの場合にも多くの問題点を内蔵し、さらに処理物の再利用等も非常に困難であった。 As described above, the treatment of floating scum containing animal and vegetable oils and fats incorporates many problems in any of the vacuum recovery and pressurized flotation-dehydration treatments, and the reuse of the processed material is very difficult. It was.
また浮上スカムはバキューム回収した場合でも、産業廃棄物業者が経済性等を考慮し、運搬のために大きな容器、例えばバキューム車を必要とするとともに、内部洗滌が困難なことから、上記の浮上スカムを運搬するために専用車を用いなければならない問題があった。よって回収までに通常１週間以上放置することになり、腐敗による悪臭の発生と、水にエマルジョンとして溶解し、排水処理設備（一般的には標準活性汚泥法）に多大な影響を与える問題があった。 Even when the levitation scum is collected in vacuum, the industrial waste contractor considers the economy and requires a large container for transportation, such as a vacuum car, and the internal scum is difficult. There was a problem that a special car had to be used to transport the car. Therefore, it usually takes a week or more to recover, and there are problems of bad odor due to rot and dissolution as an emulsion in water, which greatly affects wastewater treatment facilities (generally the standard activated sludge method). It was.
浮上スカムを加圧浮上処理し、脱水処理して脱水ケーキとした場合には、加圧浮上処理設備が必要になるとともに、添加するアルミ系の凝集剤や中和剤、高分子凝集剤等が多量に必要となる。既存工場内に上記の加圧浮上処理設備を追加することは、非常に困難であって、根本的な改造や改修工事を検討しなければならない。また加圧浮上処理設備は運転管理が難しく専任者を必要とする欠点がある。 When the levitation scum is subjected to pressure levitation treatment and dehydrated to obtain a dehydrated cake, a pressure levitation treatment facility is required, and an aluminum flocculant, neutralizer, polymer flocculant, etc. to be added are required. A large amount is required. It is very difficult to add the above-mentioned pressurized flotation processing equipment in an existing factory, and fundamental remodeling and repair work must be considered. Also, the pressurized levitation treatment equipment has the drawback that operation management is difficult and requires a full-time person.
本願発明の課題は、油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの効率的かつ合理的な処理方法およびそのための処理装置を提供することである。 The subject of this invention is providing the efficient and rational processing method of the fats and oils scum in the waste_water | drain containing fats and oils, and the processing apparatus for it.
本願発明の別の課題は、排水中の油脂スカムを水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸に変換して処理する方法および装置を提供することである。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for processing oil scum in waste water by converting it into a metal soap insoluble or slightly soluble in water.
本願発明のさらに別の課題は、排水中の油脂スカムに含まれる水分の割合を従来の方法よりも少なくするようにした油脂スカムの処理方法および処理装置を提供することである
。
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for treating oil scum in which the proportion of moisture contained in the oil scum in the waste water is smaller than that of the conventional method.
本願発明のさらに別の課題は、処理された油脂スカムを専用の車両ではなく通常の車両で一括して処理することが可能な処理方法および処理装置を提供することである。 Still another object of the present invention is to provide a processing method and a processing apparatus capable of processing the processed oil scum scum in a normal vehicle instead of a dedicated vehicle.
本願発明のさらに別の課題は、安価な薬品を比較的少量用いてしかも効率的に油脂スカムを処理することが可能な処理方法および処理装置を提供することである。 Still another object of the present invention is to provide a processing method and a processing apparatus capable of efficiently processing oil scum with a relatively small amount of inexpensive chemicals.
本願発明の上記の課題および別の課題は、以下に述べる発明の技術思想、実施の態様、および実施例によって明らかにされる。 The above-described problems and other problems of the present invention will be clarified by technical ideas, embodiments, and examples of the invention described below.
本願の主要な発明は、油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理方法において、
水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成する金属水酸化物を油脂と反応させて水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成し、該金属石鹸を脱水することを特徴とする油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理方法に関するものである。
The main invention of the present application is a method for treating oil scum in waste water containing oil,
Oil and fat drainage characterized by reacting metal hydroxide that generates metal soap insoluble or slightly soluble in water with fats and oils to form metal soap insoluble or slightly soluble in water and dehydrating the metal soap It is related with the processing method of oil scum in the inside.
本願の別の主要な発明は、油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理方法において、
鹸化剤を添加して油脂を水溶性石鹸とするとともに、水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成する金属水酸化物と反応させて金属を置換して水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸に変換し、該金属石鹸を脱水することを特徴とする油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理方法に関するものである。
Another main invention of the present application is a method for treating fat and oil scum in waste water containing fat and oil,
A saponifying agent is added to make oils and fats water-soluble soaps, and it reacts with metal hydroxides to form metal soaps that are insoluble or slightly soluble in water to replace metals to make water-insoluble or slightly soluble metal soaps. The present invention relates to a method for treating fat and oil scum in waste water containing fats and oils, characterized by converting and dehydrating the metal soap.
これらの発明において、前記金属水酸化物が水酸化カルシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化アルミニウム等のアルカリ土金属の水酸化物であってよい。また前記鹸化剤が水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等のアルカリ金属の水酸化物であってよい。また脱水機によって水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を脱水してよい。 In these inventions, the metal hydroxide may be an alkaline earth metal hydroxide such as calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, or aluminum hydroxide. The saponifying agent may be an alkali metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. Further, a metal soap that is insoluble or slightly soluble in water may be dehydrated by a dehydrator.
処理装置に関する発明は、油脂を含む排水を水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成する金属水酸化物と反応させて水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成する反応槽と、
前記反応槽で生成された金属石鹸を脱水する脱水手段と、
を具備する油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理装置に関するものである。
The invention relating to the treatment apparatus comprises a reaction tank that reacts a wastewater containing fats and oils with a metal hydroxide that generates a metal soap that is insoluble or slightly soluble in water, and generates a metal soap that is insoluble or slightly soluble in water,
Dehydrating means for dewatering the metal soap generated in the reaction vessel;
It is related with the processing apparatus of the fat and oil scum in the waste_water | drain containing the fat and oil which comprises.
処理装置に関する別の発明は、油脂を含む排水に鹸化剤を添加して油脂を水溶性石鹸とするとともに、水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成する金属水酸化物と反応させて金属を置換して水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成する反応槽と、
前記反応槽で生成された金属石鹸を脱水する脱水手段と、
を具備する油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理装置に関するものである。
Another invention related to a treatment apparatus is to add a saponifying agent to waste water containing fats and oils to make water-soluble soaps, and to react metals with metal hydroxides that produce metal soaps that are insoluble or slightly soluble in water. A reaction vessel that produces a metal soap that is substituted or insoluble in water,
Dehydrating means for dehydrating the metal soap produced in the reaction vessel;
It is related with the processing apparatus of the fat and oil scum in the waste_water | drain containing the fat and oil which comprises.
本願の主要な発明は、油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理方法において、水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成する金属水酸化物を油脂と反応させて水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成し、該金属石鹸を脱水するようにしたものである。 The main invention of the present application is a method for treating fat and oil scum in waste water containing fats and oils, by reacting metal hydroxides that produce metal soaps that are insoluble or slightly soluble in water with fats and oils and insoluble or slightly soluble in water A soap is produced and the metal soap is dehydrated.
従ってこのような処理方法によれば、排水中の油脂スカムが金属水酸化物と反応して水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成することになり、このような金属石鹸を脱水することによって、含水率が低い脱水ケーキを得ることができ、その処理が容易になる。 Therefore, according to such a treatment method, the fat and oil scum in the waste water reacts with the metal hydroxide to produce a metal soap that is insoluble or slightly soluble in water. By dehydrating such a metal soap, In addition, a dehydrated cake having a low moisture content can be obtained, and the treatment becomes easy.
本願の別の主要な発明は、油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理方法において、鹸化剤を添加して油脂を水溶性石鹸とするとともに、水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成する金属水酸化物と反応させて金属を置換して水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸に変換し、該金属石鹸を脱水するようにしたものである。 Another main invention of the present application is a method for treating fat and oil scum in waste water containing fats and oils by adding a saponifier to make the fats and oils water-soluble soaps and producing metal soaps that are insoluble or slightly soluble in water. The metal soap is made to react with a hydroxide to be converted into a metal soap insoluble or slightly soluble in water, and the metal soap is dehydrated.
従ってこのような処理方法によれば、排水中の油脂スカムが鹸化剤と反応して石鹸を生成し、しかもこの石鹸の金属が金属水酸化物の金属と置換されて水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸に変換される。従ってこのような金属石鹸を脱水することによって、含水率の低い脱水ケーキが得られ、その処理が非常に容易になる。 Therefore, according to such a treatment method, the fat and oil scum in the waste water reacts with the saponifying agent to produce soap, and the metal of the soap is replaced with the metal of the metal hydroxide so that it is insoluble or slightly soluble in water. Converted to metal soap. Therefore, by dehydrating such a metal soap, a dehydrated cake having a low water content can be obtained, and the treatment becomes very easy.
本願発明の一実施の形態は、食品工場等の工場排水の原水ピット、原水槽等に浮遊したスカムを反応槽に導き、同時に水酸化ナトリウムや水酸化カリウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、塩化第２鉄等の鹸化剤および中性下またはアルカリ性下で水に不溶解性の金属水酸化物を含む化合物を添加し、撹拌反応後に、水に不溶あるいは微溶な金属石鹸を生成することを要旨とする。 In one embodiment of the present invention, a raw water pit of a factory wastewater such as a food factory, a scum floating in a raw water tank is guided to a reaction tank, and at the same time, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, The aim is to add a saponifying agent such as 2 iron and a compound containing a metal hydroxide that is insoluble in water under neutral or alkaline conditions, and after stirring reaction, produces a metal soap that is insoluble or slightly soluble in water. And
すなわち本願発明の好ましい態様は、食品工場から排出された浮上スカムを安価な薬品を使用し、常温、常圧下で反応させ、不溶性の金属石鹸を生成するものである。本願発明で生成した金属石鹸は粗大なフロックであって、粘着性が少なく、水に不溶性であることから、一般的汚泥脱水機によって脱水処理を行なうことが可能である。 That is, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the floating scum discharged from the food factory is reacted with an inexpensive chemical at normal temperature and normal pressure to produce an insoluble metal soap. The metal soap produced in the present invention is a coarse floc, has low tackiness and is insoluble in water, and therefore can be dehydrated by a general sludge dehydrator.
また本願発明の方法によって得られた脱水ケーキは、他の汚泥や木材チップ等の資材と混合し、発酵等の適当な処理を加えることによって、肥料としても利用可能である。 Further, the dehydrated cake obtained by the method of the present invention can be used as a fertilizer by mixing with other materials such as sludge and wood chips and applying an appropriate treatment such as fermentation.
本願発明の好ましい形態をより詳細に説明するに、異物や水分を含む液体あるいは固体の動物油を含むスカムを、金属水酸化物単独と反応させるか、鹸化剤と水に不溶な金属石鹸を生成する金属水酸化物の併用によって、水に不溶解な金属石鹸を生成し、直接あるいは汚泥と混合して脱水を行なうようにした処理方法およびそのための装置に関する。 To explain the preferred embodiment of the present invention in more detail, a scum containing a liquid or solid animal oil containing foreign matter or moisture is reacted with a metal hydroxide alone, or a metal soap insoluble in a saponifier and water is produced. The present invention relates to a treatment method and an apparatus for producing a metal soap that is insoluble in water by using a metal hydroxide in combination and dehydrating it directly or mixed with sludge.
ここで水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成する金属水酸化物としては、カルシウム、マグネシウム、アルミニウム、鉄、マンガン等の水酸化物が好適に用いられ、とくに水酸化カルシウム、水酸化マグネシウムが好適に利用される。これに対して鹸化剤としては、アルカリ金属の水酸化物であってよく、水酸化ナトリウムや水酸化カリウムが好適に用いられる。 Here, as the metal hydroxide that forms a metal soap that is insoluble or slightly soluble in water, hydroxides such as calcium, magnesium, aluminum, iron, and manganese are preferably used. In particular, calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are used. It is preferably used. On the other hand, the saponifying agent may be an alkali metal hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is preferably used.
排水中に含まれる油脂が植物油が主体である場合や、動物油であっても加水分解が進んだスカムの場合には、鹸化剤を用いることなく直接水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成する金属水酸化物と反応させる。すなわち上述のようなスカムを水酸化カルシウムや水酸化マグネシウム等のアルカリ土金属の水酸化物に直接反応させる。これによってカルシウム石鹸やマグネシウム石鹸等の水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸が生成される。 If the oil and fat contained in the wastewater is mainly vegetable oil, or if it is animal oil, it is a scum that has been hydrolyzed to produce a metal soap that is insoluble or slightly soluble in water directly without using a saponifier. React with metal hydroxide. That is, the scum as described above is directly reacted with an alkaline earth metal hydroxide such as calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide. This produces a metal soap that is insoluble or slightly soluble in water such as calcium soap and magnesium soap.
式１は水酸化カルシウムと排水中の浮上スカムの脂肪との反応によってカルシウム石鹸を生成するときの反応式を示している。また式２は水酸化マグネシウムを排水中の脂肪と反応させたときの状態を示しており、脂肪からマグネシウム石鹸を生成する反応式を示している。 Formula 1 shows a reaction formula when calcium soap is produced by the reaction between calcium hydroxide and the fat of the floating scum in the waste water. Formula 2 shows a state when magnesium hydroxide is reacted with fat in waste water, and shows a reaction formula for producing magnesium soap from fat.
排水中に含まれる油脂がラード等の動物性油脂が主体である場合には、上述の水酸化カルシウムや水酸化マグネシウムを直接添加しても、不溶性金属石鹸が生成し難い。そこでこのようなスカムについては、まず水酸化ナトリウムや水酸化カリウム等のアルカリ金属の中和物によって鹸化を行ない、ナトリウム石鹸やカリウム石鹸を生成する。そしてその後にアリカリ土金属の水酸化物を添加し、不溶性金属石鹸を生成する。 When the fats and oils contained in the waste water are mainly animal fats and oils such as lard, insoluble metal soaps are hardly generated even when the above calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide is directly added. Therefore, such scum is first saponified with a neutralized product of an alkali metal such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide to produce sodium soap or potassium soap. And after that, a ground metal hydroxide is added to produce an insoluble metal soap.
式３はまず水酸化ナトリウムによって脂肪を鹸化してナトリウム石鹸を生成し、この後に水酸化カルシウムを添加反応させてナトリウム石鹸中のナトリウムをカルシウムに置換し、これによってカルシウム石鹸を生成する反応式を示している。 Formula 3 first saponifies fat with sodium hydroxide to produce a sodium soap, and then reacts by adding calcium hydroxide to replace sodium in the sodium soap with calcium, thereby producing a calcium soap. Show.
なお水酸化ナトリウムや水酸化カリウムによって鹸化した後に、上記のナトリウムやカリウムのようなアルカリ金属を置換する第２の方法の場合には、アルミニウム石鹸、鉄石鹸、マンガン石鹸等を生成することも可能である。 In the case of the second method of replacing alkali metals such as sodium and potassium after saponification with sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, it is also possible to produce aluminum soap, iron soap, manganese soap, etc. It is.
図１はこのような処理方法に用いられる処理装置のブロック図を示しており、この処理装置は食品工場等から排出される排水を貯溜しておく油脂貯溜槽１０を備え、この油脂貯溜槽１０の下流側に反応槽１２が設けられる。反応槽１２は撹拌翼１３を備え、モータ１４によって駆動されて撹拌が行なわれる。従って上記油脂貯溜槽１０から供給された排水であって油脂スカムを含む排水をこの反応槽１２内において水、鹸化剤、中和剤、金属酸化物等を添加しながら撹拌反応させる。
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a processing apparatus used in such a processing method. This processing apparatus includes an oil /
このようにして反応槽１２内において反応させ、水に対して不溶あるいは微溶な金属石鹸を生成したならば、このような金属石鹸を含む排水をポンプ１６によって多重円板式脱水機２０に導き、ここで脱水して排水と金属石鹸とに分離する。なおこのときに他の汚泥を混合してもよい。そして脱水された後の脱水ケーキ２４はケーキ受け２３によって受けられる。このような脱水ケーキ２４は産業廃棄物として処理されるか、あるいはまた各種の再利用のための原料として用いられる。なお脱水機２０で発生した浄液あるいは脱水濾液は調整槽２５に導かれ、ここで他の排水とともに水処理が行なわれる。
Thus, if it reacts in the
上述のような実施の形態によると、浮上スカムを連続式あるいは回分式で速やかに処理することが可能になるとともに、腐敗による悪臭の発生を低減することが可能になる。また生成した不溶性金属石鹸自体は石鹸臭であって悪臭を発生しないために、長期間の保存も可能になる。 According to the embodiment as described above, the floating scum can be quickly processed continuously or batchwise, and the generation of bad odor due to decay can be reduced. Further, since the produced insoluble metal soap itself has a soapy odor and does not generate a bad odor, it can be stored for a long time.
また水酸化カルシウムや水酸化マグネシウム等と油脂との反応によって得られる不溶性あるいは微溶性の金属石鹸は、水分を含み難い性質があるために、自然放置であっても脱水効果を有し、脱水機による脱水処理で減容化および減量化が一層図られる。よって産業廃棄物業者による脱水ケーキの処理も、従来の脱水ケーキとともに、コンテナトラック等で一括処分が可能になり、従来のように専用のバキューム車が不要になる。 Insoluble or slightly soluble metal soap obtained by the reaction of calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, etc. with fats and oils is hard to contain moisture. The volume and volume can be further reduced by the dehydration process. Therefore, the processing of the dewatered cake by the industrial waste supplier can be performed together with the conventional dewatered cake in a container truck or the like, and a dedicated vacuum vehicle is unnecessary as in the conventional case.
また加圧浮上処理に必要な設備費および薬品の使用量が従来は浮上スカム処理のネックになっていたが、本発明によれば、設備費や薬品使用量がともに大幅に圧縮低減される。すなわちモデルケースにおいて試算したところ、設備費において約１／２になり、薬品使用量においては約１／３程度に低減できる。またその他の動力費や人件費も低減できる。さらに本願発明による方法で生成した金属石鹸は、他の汚泥や資材とともに、改質処理を行なうことによって、肥料化が可能になり、再利用の可能性を有している。 In addition, the equipment cost and chemical usage required for the pressure levitation treatment have conventionally been a bottleneck for the levitation scum treatment, but according to the present invention, both the equipment cost and the chemical usage are greatly reduced. In other words, when estimated in the model case, the equipment cost is reduced to about 1/2, and the chemical usage can be reduced to about 1/3. Other power and labor costs can also be reduced. Furthermore, the metal soap produced | generated by the method by this invention becomes fertilizer by performing a modification process with other sludge and materials, and has the possibility of reuse.
実施例１
惣菜工場の油分離槽から採取した浮上スカム１００重量部に対して水で分散溶解した水酸化カルシウム７重量％を添加して撹拌したところ、そして５分以内で不溶性スラッジと水とに分離した。このスラッジを多重円板型脱水機２０によって脱水処理した結果、脱水ケーキが得られた。この脱水ケーキの含水率が３０％以下であることが確認された。
Example 1
When 100% by weight of floating scum collected from the oil separation tank of the sugar beet factory was added with 7% by weight of calcium hydroxide dispersed and dissolved in water, the mixture was stirred and separated into insoluble sludge and water within 5 minutes. As a result of dehydrating the sludge by the
実施例２
ハム工場の冬は固体化する浮上スカムを１００重量部に対し、水に溶解した水酸化ナトリウム１０重量％添加して撹拌した。次に水で分散、溶解した水酸化カルシウム１０重量％と、水で分散溶解した炭酸マグネシウム２重量％を添加して撹拌した。次に水に溶解した７０％の硫酸液を添加し、中性〜弱アルカリ性で中和してスラッジを得た。このスラッジをベルトプレス型脱水機によって脱水したところ、脱水ケーキ中の含水率が３５％であった。
Example 2
In the winter of the ham factory, 10% by weight of sodium hydroxide dissolved in water was added to 100 parts by weight of solidified floating scum and stirred. Next, 10% by weight of calcium hydroxide dispersed and dissolved in water and 2% by weight of magnesium carbonate dispersed and dissolved in water were added and stirred. Next, 70% sulfuric acid solution dissolved in water was added and neutralized with neutral to weak alkali to obtain sludge. When this sludge was dehydrated with a belt press type dehydrator, the water content in the dehydrated cake was 35%.
実施例３
市販のラード１００重量部に対し、水に溶解した水酸化ナトリウム１０重量％を添加して撹拌した。１０時間以上撹拌した後に、水１００重量％、水に分散溶解した水酸化カルシウム２０重量％、同じく水に分散溶解した炭酸マグネシウム２重量％を添加して撹拌した。次に水に溶解した７０％の硫酸液を添加し、中性〜弱アルカリ性まで中和した。このようなスラッジを多重円板型脱水機によって脱水した結果、脱水ケーキの含水率が５５％になった。
Example 3
To 100 parts by weight of commercially available lard, 10% by weight of sodium hydroxide dissolved in water was added and stirred. After stirring for 10 hours or longer, 100% by weight of water, 20% by weight of calcium hydroxide dispersed and dissolved in water, and 2% by weight of magnesium carbonate dispersed and dissolved in water were added and stirred. Next, 70% sulfuric acid solution dissolved in water was added to neutralize from neutral to weakly alkaline. As a result of dewatering such sludge with a multi-disc type dehydrator, the water content of the dewatered cake was 55%.
以上本願発明を実施の形態および実施例によって説明したが、本願発明は上記実施の形態および実施例によって限定されることなく、本願に含まれる発明の技術的思想の範囲内において各種の変更が可能である。例えば使用される金属水酸化物や鹸化剤は、上記実施例によって限定されない。また処理する排水中の油脂の種類についても、各種の油脂に広く適用可能である。 Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments and examples, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and examples, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea of the invention included in the present application. It is. For example, the metal hydroxide and saponifying agent used are not limited by the above examples. In addition, the types of fats and oils in the wastewater to be treated are widely applicable to various types of fats and oils.
本願発明は、食品工場等から排出される排水であって、とくに油脂を含む排水の処理に広範に利用可能である。 The present invention is wastewater discharged from a food factory or the like, and can be widely used particularly for treatment of wastewater containing fats and oils.
１０ 油脂貯溜槽
１２ 反応槽
１３ 撹拌翼
１４ モータ
１６ ポンプ
２０ 多重円板型脱水機
２３ ケーキ受け
２４ 脱水ケーキ
２５ 調整槽
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (7)
水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成する金属水酸化物を油脂と反応させて水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成し、該金属石鹸を脱水することを特徴とする油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理方法。 In the processing method of fat and oil scum in waste water containing fat and oil,
Oil and fat drainage characterized by reacting metal hydroxide that generates metal soap insoluble or slightly soluble in water with fats and oils to form metal soap insoluble or slightly soluble in water and dehydrating the metal soap Processing method of oil scum in the inside.
鹸化剤を添加して油脂を水溶性石鹸とするとともに、水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸を生成する金属水酸化物と反応させて金属を置換して水に不溶または微溶な金属石鹸に変換し、該金属石鹸を脱水することを特徴とする油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理方法。
In the processing method of fat and oil scum in waste water containing fat and oil,
A saponifying agent is added to make oils and fats water-soluble soaps, and it reacts with metal hydroxides to form metal soaps that are insoluble or slightly soluble in water to replace metals to make water-insoluble or slightly soluble metal soaps. A method for treating fat and oil scum in waste water containing fats and oils, characterized by converting and dehydrating the metal soap.
前記反応槽で生成された金属石鹸を脱水する脱水手段と、
を具備する油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理装置。 A reaction tank that reacts a wastewater containing fats and oils with a metal hydroxide that generates a metal soap that is insoluble or slightly soluble in water to produce a metal soap that is insoluble or slightly soluble in water;
Dehydrating means for dewatering the metal soap generated in the reaction vessel;
An apparatus for treating oil scum in waste water containing oil and fat.
前記反応槽で生成された金属石鹸を脱水する脱水手段と、
を具備する油脂を含む排水中の油脂スカムの処理装置。
A saponifying agent is added to wastewater containing fats and oils to make water-soluble soaps, and it reacts with metal hydroxides to form metal soaps that are insoluble or slightly soluble in water to displace the metal to insoluble or slightly insoluble in water. A reaction tank that produces molten metal soap,
Dehydrating means for dewatering the metal soap generated in the reaction vessel;
An apparatus for treating oil scum in waste water containing oil and fat.
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| JP2004020353A JP4373231B6 (en) | 2004-01-28 | Method and apparatus for treating oil scum in waste water containing oil and fat |
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| JP2004020353A JP4373231B6 (en) | 2004-01-28 | Method and apparatus for treating oil scum in waste water containing oil and fat |
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| JP2005211766A true JP2005211766A (en) | 2005-08-11 |
| JP4373231B2 JP4373231B2 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
| JP4373231B6 JP4373231B6 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
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| JP2007117939A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co Ltd | Method for treating tallow-containing waste water |
| CN102190342A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-21 | 宜兴市星晨水汽净化设备有限公司 | Oil removal releaser |
| JP2013000715A (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2013-01-07 | Ube Material Industries Ltd | Method of decomposing and removing scum aggregate generated on surface of sewage in sewage storage tank of building |
| JP2015188841A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-11-02 | 宇部マテリアルズ株式会社 | Method of inhibiting malodor of grease trap |
| JP2019103999A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2019-06-27 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Water treatment apparatus |
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| CN110054321B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2021-06-22 | 烟台金正环保科技有限公司 | System and process for simultaneously treating cutting fluid waste liquid and high-calcium-magnesium waste liquid |
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