JP2005199579A - Inkjet recording apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To quickly make an ink total amount present in a circulation system a proper concentration after a replenishment liquid of ink is replenished to the circulation system in an inkjet recording apparatus of an electrostatic type which circulates the ink, to stably discharge ink liquid droplets by ink of a predetermined concentration, and to stably record images of a high image quality. <P>SOLUTION: In the inkjet recording apparatus, an ink replenishment position from an ink replenishing means to a main tank, and an ink suction position from the main tank by a circulating means are substantially separated from each other by the maximum limit. Ink overflowing a feeding sub tank which feeds the ink to a head is supplied to a collecting sub tank which collects a return ink from the head. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a technical field of an electrostatic ink jet recording apparatus, and more particularly to an electrostatic ink jet recording apparatus that can perform image recording with ink having a stable density.

  As one of the electrostatic ink jet recording methods for ejecting ink droplets by applying an electrostatic force to ink, a charged fine particle component (hereinafter referred to as color material particles) containing a color material is insulative. Ink is discharged by applying an electrostatic force to the ink by applying a voltage (driving voltage) to the discharge electrode of the inkjet head in accordance with the image data and using the ink dispersed in the carrier liquid (dispersion medium). A method of controlling and recording an image on a recording medium on demand is known.

In electrostatic ink jet recording using ink having colorant particles, for example, a bias voltage is charged on a recording medium, and the ink jet recording head is formed corresponding to each ink ejection portion in a state of facing the ink jet head. By applying a driving voltage to the ejection electrode, an electrostatic force is applied to the ink in the ejection section (and the vicinity of the ejection section).
Due to the action of the electrostatic force, the color material particles migrate and gather in the ejection part (that is, the ink is concentrated in the ejection part), and the ink meniscus grows with the passage of time from the start of application of the drive voltage. Then, a state called a columnar tailor cone is formed, and a meniscus grows to a state called an elongated columnar kite string. The kite string is divided and ejected as ink droplets.

  In such an electrostatic ink jet, as an example of a method for supplying ink to each ejection part, ink is supplied from a tank for storing ink to the ink jet head, and predetermined ink communicated with each ejection part in the ink jet head An example is a method in which ink is circulated through a predetermined circulation path in which ink is passed through the flow path and ink that has passed through the ink flow path without being ejected is returned from the inkjet to the tank.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 7, ink having colorant particles is ejected from an electrostatic inkjet head 200 (hereinafter referred to as a recording head 200), and an image is recorded on the recording medium P. In an ink jet recording apparatus for recording, ink is supplied from a tank 202 that stores ink to a tank 206 by a pump 204, ink is supplied from the tank 206 to the recording head 200, and ink that has not been ejected from the recording head 200 is supplied to the tank 202. An ink jet recording apparatus having a circulation system for returning to the above is disclosed. The ink jet recording apparatus also includes a tank 210 for discarding deteriorated ink and a tank 214 for storing new (unused) ink.

Here, in an ink jet recording apparatus that supplies ink to the recording head by circulation, it is necessary to replenish the circulation system with ink when a certain amount of ink is ejected.
In the ink jet recording apparatus of FIG. 7, the deterioration state of the circulating ink is detected, and according to the result, the pump 204 is stopped and all the ink in the tank 206 is collected in the tank 202, and then the valve 208 is opened. When the deteriorated ink is discarded in the tank 210 and the tank 202 becomes empty, the valve 212 is opened, new ink is supplied from the tank 214 to the tank 202, and circulation is performed again.

JP-A-10-244690

As described above, since electrostatic ink jet using ink containing color material particles concentrates and discharges ink, the density of the circulating ink (the amount of color material particles in the ink) performs image recording. As a result, it gradually decreases.
If the density of the ink is lowered, the density of the ink droplets to be ejected is lowered even if concentration is performed. As a result, the image density is lowered or the image quality is lowered due to blurring, and an image having the desired image quality cannot be recorded. In addition, since ink concentration and ejection greatly depend on the charge of the color material particles, a decrease in ink density leads to instability of ink concentration and ink droplet ejection, which also degrades image quality. . Further, when the ink density is lower than the discharge limit density, it becomes impossible to discharge ink droplets, that is, to perform image recording.
Further, if the entire amount of ink in the circulation system is replaced every time it deteriorates as in the ink jet recording apparatus shown in FIG. 7, not only the running cost is increased, but also the amount of waste liquid is increased, which is disadvantageous for the environment. .

  In order to eliminate such inconvenience, in an electrostatic ink jet recording apparatus that circulates ink, the amount of ink used (discharge amount) and the concentration of circulating ink (amount of colorant particles in the ink) Accordingly, the main tank (in the example of FIG. 7, tank 202) that stores ink is replenished with high-concentration ink and / or dilution liquid as a replenishment liquid by adjusting the quantity ratio. Ink density adjustment is performed at the same time as ink replenishment is performed.

However, the positional relationship between the replenishment position of the replenisher to the main tank and the ink suction port from the main tank for circulation (refer to FIG. 7, the replenisher supply position from the tank 214 and the ink supply by the pump 204. If the position relationship with the suction position) is not appropriate, even if the main tank has a stirring means, for example, the replenisher is directly sucked into the pump, resulting in a high concentration in the recording head. Ink is supplied, and after replenishment of the replenisher, it takes time until the entire ink in the circulation system has a uniform predetermined density.
In addition, an agitation effect by ink returning from the recording head to the main tank without being ejected can be expected, but the amount of liquid fed by the pump 204, that is, the amount of circulation in the ink circulation system, is the ink flow rate that can be supplied to the head 200. Due to the limitation, a large stirring effect cannot be expected. Furthermore, even if the amount of ink returned is large, a good stirring effect cannot be obtained unless the inflow position to the main tank is appropriate.

  In the electrostatic ink jet, the concentration and ejection of the ink greatly depend on the charge of the color material particles. For this reason, when ink having an inappropriate density is supplied to the recording head, ink ejection becomes unstable, resulting in deterioration in image quality.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, in which electrostatic particles using ink in which coloring material particles (having coloring material and charged fine particles) are dispersed in an insulating dispersion medium are used. In the ink jet recording apparatus of the type, the density of ink circulated for supplying ink to the ink jet head (the amount of color material particles in the ink) can be stably maintained at a predetermined density. It is an object of the present invention to provide an ink jet recording apparatus capable of stably recording high-quality images by enabling stable ink concentration and ink droplet ejection.

  In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the ink jet recording apparatus of the present invention is a method in which an electrostatic force is applied to ink having a coloring material and charged particles dispersed in a dispersion medium. Ink jet head for discharging ink droplets, main tank for storing the ink, ink circulation means including a path from the main tank to the main tank through the ink jet head, and replenishment for replenishing the main tank with ink And an ink replenishing position from the replenishing means to the main tank and an ink suction position from the main tank by the circulating means are disposed at positions facing each other at a substantially maximum distance. An ink jet recording apparatus is provided.

According to a second aspect of the ink jet recording apparatus of the present invention, an ink droplet is ejected by applying an electrostatic force to ink having a coloring material and charged particles dispersed in a dispersion medium. An ink-jet head that stores ink, a supply sub-tank that is supplied with ink from the main tank and supplies ink to the ink-jet head while maintaining a constant water head pressure due to overflow, and below the ink-jet head And a recovery sub-tank that recovers ink that has been supplied to the inkjet head and has not been ejected and ink that has overflowed from the supply sub-tank and returns the recovered ink to the main tank by overflowing An ink jet recording apparatus is provided.
In this ink jet recording apparatus, the main tank has a replenishing means for replenishing ink, and an ink replenishing position from the replenishing means to the main tank and an ink returning position from the recovery sub tank to the main tank are substantially It is preferable that the inkjet head, the supply sub-tank and the recovery sub-tank are held in close proximity, and the scanning means for moving the holding means in a direction perpendicular to the row of ejection portions of the inkjet head. It is preferable to have.

According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, an ink jet head (that is obtained by circulating ink in a predetermined path using ink in which fine particles having a color material and charged fine particles are dispersed in an insulating dispersion medium is used. In an electrostatic ink jet recording apparatus that supplies ink to each discharge unit), when the ink replenisher (high concentration ink and / or dispersion medium) is replenished for ink replenishment and density adjustment, It is possible to prevent the ink from being directly circulated from the main tank, and to stir the ink and the replenishing liquid with good efficiency in the main tank and the sub tank storing the ink.
Accordingly, after the replenisher is replenished, the ink can be promptly adjusted to an appropriate concentration without causing uneven ink concentration in the ink circulation system including the main tank and the sub tank. Further, even if the color material particles settle in the main tank or the sub tank, since the stirring is performed with good efficiency, the ink density in the circulation system does not become uneven over a long period of time.
Therefore, the ink jet recording apparatus of the present invention can stably discharge ink droplets with a predetermined concentration of ink, and can stably record high-quality images.

  Hereinafter, the ink jet recording apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail based on a preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.

First, the ink used in the electrostatic ink jet recording of the present invention will be described.
The ink jet recording apparatus of the present invention performs electrostatic ink jet recording, and includes a fine particle component (hereinafter referred to as color material particles) containing a color material and having an electric charge as an insulating carrier liquid (dispersion medium). In this ink, the electrostatic force is applied to the ink by applying a driving voltage to the ejection electrode or by applying a bias voltage charged to the recording medium P, as will be described later. The ink is concentrated by the above action to discharge ink droplets.

The carrier liquid is preferably a dielectric liquid (nonaqueous solvent) having a high electric resistivity (10 ⁹ Ω · cm or more, preferably 10 ¹⁰ Ω · cm or more). If the electric resistance of the carrier liquid is low, the carrier liquid itself is charged by charge injection due to the drive voltage applied to the control electrode, and the colorant particles do not concentrate. In addition, a carrier liquid having a low electric resistance is not suitable for the present invention because there is a concern of causing electrical conduction between adjacent control electrodes.

The relative dielectric constant of the dielectric liquid used as the carrier liquid is preferably 5 or less, more preferably 4 or less, and still more preferably 3.5 or less. By setting the relative dielectric constant in such a range, an electric field effectively acts on the colorant particles in the carrier liquid, and migration easily occurs.
The upper limit value of the specific electric resistance of such a carrier liquid is preferably about 10 ¹⁶ Ωcm, and the lower limit value of the relative dielectric constant is preferably about 1.9. The reason why it is desirable that the electric resistance of the carrier liquid is in the above range is that if the electric resistance is low, ink ejection under a low electric field is deteriorated, and the reason why the relative dielectric constant is preferably in the above range is the reason. This is because, when the dielectric constant increases, the electric field is relaxed by the polarization of the solvent, and the color of the dots formed thereby becomes thin or causes blurring.

  The dielectric liquid used as the carrier liquid is preferably a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon, alicyclic hydrocarbon, or aromatic hydrocarbon, and halogen-substituted products of these hydrocarbons. For example, hexane, heptane, octane, isooctane, decane, isodecane, decalin, nonane, dodecane, isododecane, cyclohexane, cyclooctane, cyclodecane, benzene, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, Isopar C, Isopar E, Isopar G, Isopar H, Isopar L, Isopar M (isopar: trade name of Exxon), Shellsol 70, Shellsol 71 (shellsol: trade name of Shell Oil), Amsco OMS, Amsco 460 solvent (trade name of Amsco: Spirits), Silicone oil (for example, KF-96L manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone) or the like can be used alone or in combination.

  The colorant particles dispersed in such a carrier liquid may be dispersed in the carrier liquid as the colorant itself as colorant particles, but preferably contain dispersed resin particles for improving fixability. When the dispersed resin particles are included, the pigment is generally coated with the resin material of the dispersed resin particles to form resin-coated particles, and the dye is colored with the dispersed resin particles to form colored particles. Is common.

As the color material, any pigments and dyes that have been conventionally used in inkjet ink compositions, printing (oil-based) ink compositions, or electrophotographic liquid developers can be used.
As the pigment used as the color material, regardless of inorganic pigments or organic pigments, those generally used in the technical field of printing can be used. Specifically, for example, carbon black, cadmium red, molybdenum red, chrome yellow, cadmium yellow, titanium yellow, chromium oxide, viridian, cobalt green, ultramarine blue, Prussian blue, cobalt blue, azo pigment, phthalocyanine pigment Conventionally known pigments such as quinacridone pigments, isoindolinone pigments, dioxazine pigments, selenium pigments, perylene pigments, perinone pigments, thioindigo pigments, quinophthalone pigments, metal complex pigments, and the like are not particularly limited. Can be used.
As dyes used as coloring materials, azo dyes, metal complex dyes, naphthol dyes, anthraquinone dyes, indigo dyes, carbonium dyes, quinoneimine dyes, xanthene dyes, aniline dyes, quinoline dyes, nitro dyes, nitroso dyes, benzoquinone dyes, naphthoquinone dyes And oil-soluble dyes such as phthalocyanine dyes and metal phthalocyanine dyes.

Further, as dispersed resin particles, for example, rosins, rosin modified phenolic resins, alkyd resins, (meth) acrylic polymers, polyurethane, polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, polybutadiene, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol, acetal modified Products, polycarbonate and the like.
Among these, from the viewpoint of ease of particle formation, the weight average molecular weight is in the range of 2,000 to 1,000,000 and the polydispersity (weight average molecular weight / number average molecular weight) is 1.0 to 5 Polymers in the range of 0.0 are preferred. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of ease of fixing, a polymer having any one of a softening point, a glass transition point, and a melting point within a range of 40 to 120 ° C. is preferable.

  In such an ink, the concentration of the ink (the content of the color material particles in the ink (the total content of the color material particles or further dispersed resin particles)) is in the range of 0.5 to 30% by weight with respect to the entire ink. Is preferable, more preferably 1.5 to 25% by weight, and still more preferably 3 to 20% by weight. If the content of the colorant particles is reduced, problems such as insufficient printed image density and difficulty in obtaining a strong image due to difficulty in obtaining the affinity between the ink Q and the surface of the recording medium P are likely to occur. On the other hand, when the content increases, it becomes difficult to obtain a uniform dispersion, or the ink Q is easily clogged with the inkjet head 10 or the like, and stable ink ejection is difficult to obtain. It is.

  The average particle diameter of the colorant particles dispersed in the carrier liquid is preferably 0.1 to 5 μm, more preferably 0.2 to 1.5 μm, and still more preferably 0.4 to 1.0 μm. . This particle size is determined by CAPA-500 (trade name, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.).

After the colorant particles are dispersed in the carrier liquid (a dispersant may be used if necessary), the chargeant is added to the carrier liquid to charge the colorant particles, and the charged colorant The ink is obtained by dispersing particles in a carrier liquid. When dispersing the colorant particles, a dispersion medium may be added as necessary.
As an example of the charge control agent, various materials used in electrophotographic liquid developers can be used. Also, “Recent development and commercialization of electrophotographic development systems and toner materials”, pages 139 to 148, “The Basics and Applications of Electrophotographic Technology” edited by Electrophotographic Society, pages 497 to 505 (Corona Inc., published in 1988), Yuji Harasaki Various charge control agents described in “Electrophotography” 16 (No. 2), p. 44 (1977) can also be used.

The color material particles may be positively charged or negatively charged as long as they have the same polarity as the drive voltage applied to the control electrode.
The charge amount of the color material particles is preferably in the range of 5 to 200 μC / g, more preferably 10 to 150 μC / g, and still more preferably 15 to 100 μC / g.

In addition, since the electric resistance of the dielectric solvent may change due to the addition of the charge control agent, the distribution ratio P defined below is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, and even more preferably 70% or more. And
P = 100 × (σ1−σ2) / σ1
Here, σ1 is the electrical conductivity of the ink, and σ2 is the electrical conductivity of the supernatant obtained by applying the ink to the centrifuge. The electrical conductivity was measured using an LCR meter (AG-4311 manufactured by Ando Electric Co., Ltd.) and an electrode for liquid (LP-05 type manufactured by Kawaguchi Electric Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) under the conditions of an applied voltage of 5 V and a frequency of 1 kHz. This is the measured value. Centrifugation was performed for 30 minutes using a small high-speed cooling centrifuge (Tomy Seiko Co., Ltd. SRX-201) under conditions of a rotational speed of 14500 rpm and a temperature of 23 ° C.
By using the ink as described above, migration of charged particles is likely to occur and the concentration is facilitated.

The electric conductivity of the ink is preferably 100 to 3000 pS / cm, more preferably 150 to 2500 pS / cm, and still more preferably 200 to 2000 pS / cm. By setting the electric conductivity in the above range, the voltage applied to the control electrode does not become extremely high, and there is no fear of causing electrical continuity between adjacent recording electrodes.
The surface tension of the ink is preferably in the range of 15 to 50 mN / m, more preferably 15.5 to 45 mN / m, still more preferably 16 to 40 mN / m. By setting the surface tension within this range, the voltage applied to the control electrode does not become extremely high, and the ink does not leak around the head to be contaminated.
Furthermore, the viscosity of the ink is preferably 0.5 to 5 mPa · sec, more preferably 0.6 to 3.0 mPa · sec, and still more preferably 0.7 to 2.0 mPa · sec.

As an example, such an ink can be prepared by dispersing color material particles in a carrier liquid to form particles, and adding a charge adjusting agent to the dispersion medium to cause the color material particles to be charged. Specific methods include the following methods.
(1) A method in which a color material or further dispersed resin particles are mixed (kneaded) in advance, and then dispersed in a carrier liquid using a dispersant as required, and a charge adjusting agent is added.
(2) A method in which a coloring material, or further dispersed resin particles and a dispersing agent are simultaneously added to a carrier liquid, dispersed, and a charge adjusting agent is added.
(3) A method in which a coloring material and a charge adjusting agent, or further dispersed resin particles and a dispersing agent are simultaneously added to a carrier liquid and dispersed.

FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of an example of an ink jet recording apparatus of the present invention.
As described above, the ink jet recording apparatus 10 of the present invention is an electrostatic ink jet recording apparatus that uses such ink and discharges ink droplets by applying an electrostatic force to the ink.
Such an ink jet recording apparatus 10 (hereinafter referred to as a recording apparatus 10) basically includes a holding means 12, a conveying means 14, a recording means 16, an ink circulation means 18, and a solvent recovery means 20. These are housed in a housing 26.

  The holding unit 12 includes a paper feed tray 30 that holds the recording medium P before recording, a feed roller 32, and a discharge tray 34 that holds the recording medium P after recording.

The paper feed tray 30 is a housing that can be attached to and detached from a predetermined loading unit set in the recording apparatus 10. In the illustrated example, the loading unit is set on the left side in the lower view in the housing 26, and the paper feed tray 30 is inserted into the housing 26 with the take-out portion of the recording medium P forward, The end portion (opposite end side from the take-out portion) is slightly projected from the housing, and is loaded into a predetermined loading portion.
The feed roller 32 is a half-moon roller arranged corresponding to the take-out portion of the paper feed tray 30 loaded in the loading portion.

  In the paper feed tray 30, a plurality of recording media P before recording are stacked and accommodated. At the time of image recording, the recording medium P is taken out from the paper feed tray 30 one by one by the feed roller 32 and supplied to the recording medium P conveying means 14 described later.

The discharge tray 34 accommodates the recording medium P on which an image has been recorded. In the illustrated example, a part of the discharge tray 34 protrudes from the housing 26 and above the loading portion of the paper feed tray 30. It is arranged with the tip in the discharge direction tilted downward.
The recording medium P after recording is conveyed by the conveying means 14 and discharged from the discharge unit, and is sequentially stacked and accommodated in the discharge tray 34.

  The conveyance means 14 conveys the recording medium P supplied from the paper feed tray 30 to the discharge tray 34 by a predetermined path using electrostatic adsorption or the like, and includes a conveyance roller pair 36, a conveyance belt 38, and the like. , A roller 40 (40a, 40b, and 40c), a conductive platen 42, a charging device 44 and a discharging device 46 for the recording medium P, a separation claw 48, a guide 50, and a fixing roller pair 52. .

The conveyance roller pair 36 is provided at a position between the feed roller 32 and the conveyance belt 38 on the conveyance path of the recording medium P.
Next, the recording medium P taken out from the paper feed tray 30 by the feed roller 32 is nipped and conveyed by the conveyance roller pair 36, and is supplied to a predetermined position facing the charging device 44 (scorotron charger 44a) on the surface of the conveyance belt 38. Is done.

  The charging device 44 includes a scorotron charger 44a and a high voltage power supply 44b. The scorotron charger 44 a is disposed upstream of the recording unit 16 (head unit 60) (upstream in the conveyance direction of the recording medium P, hereinafter simply upstream) so as to face the conveyance belt 38. The negative terminal of the high voltage power supply 44b is connected to the scorotron charger 44a, and the positive terminal is grounded.

The conveyor belt 38 is an endless belt, and is stretched in a substantially triangular shape by three rollers 40.
The transport belt 38 has an insulating surface (electrostatic adsorption surface of the recording medium P) and a conductive back surface (contact surface with the roller 40). At least one of the rollers 40 is connected to a drive source (not shown), and is driven to rotate at a predetermined speed during recording, whereby the transport belt 38 also transports the recording medium P (arrow in the figure). Direction).
A plate-like conductive platen 42 is disposed in contact with the inner surface of the conveyor belt 38 at a position corresponding to the recording means 16 (head unit 60) inside the conveyor belt 38.

  In the illustrated example, the roller 40b is grounded. Therefore, the rollers 40a and 40c and the conductive platen 42 are also grounded via the back surface of the conveyor belt 38. As a result, the position of the transport belt 38 facing the recording unit 16 (head unit 60) functions as a counter electrode of the control electrode for discharging ink droplets in the electrostatic ink jet described later.

As described above, the recording medium P is supplied to the conveying roller pair 36 by the feed roller 32, and is supplied by the conveying roller pair 36 to a predetermined position facing the surface of the conveying belt 38 and the scorotron charger 44a. Further, the conveyance belt 38 is also rotated by the rotation of the roller 40 serving as a driving source.
The surface of the recording medium P conveyed to this position is uniformly charged to a predetermined negative high potential (for example, about −1.5 kV) by the scorotron charger 44a. The surface of the conveyor belt 38 is insulative, and the recording medium P is electrostatically attracted to the surface of the conveyor belt 38 due to this negative high potential charge, and is conveyed in the same direction by the rotation of the conveyor belt 38 to be recorded. It is conveyed to the means 16 and is subjected to electrostatic ink jet image recording while being intermittently conveyed by the conveyance belt 38. The recording means 16 will be described in detail later.
Further, the negative high potential charged in the recording medium P acts as a bias voltage for discharging ink droplets in electrostatic ink jet which will be described later.

On the downstream side of the recording unit 16, a static elimination device 46, a separation claw 48, a guide 50, and a fixing roller 52 are arranged toward the downstream side.
The static eliminator 46 includes a corotron static eliminator 46a and a high voltage power source 46b. The corotron static eliminator 46 a is disposed at a position facing the surface of the conveyor belt 38. One end of the high-voltage power supply 46b is connected to the corotron static eliminator 46a, and the other end is grounded.
The recording medium P after recording is neutralized by the corotron neutralizer 46a. Thereby, the recording medium P can be easily separated from the transport belt 38.

The recording medium P that has been neutralized by the neutralization device 46 is separated (separated) from the conveyance belt 38 by the separation claw 46, guided by the guide 48, and supplied to the fixing roller pair 52.
The fixing roller pair 52 is a conveyance roller pair in which at least one is a heat roller. The recording medium P is nipped and conveyed by the fixing roller pair 52, and an image recorded by electrostatic ink jet is heated and fixed.
The recording medium P on which the image is fixed is discharged from the discharge portion by the fixing roller pair 52 and is sequentially stacked in the discharge tray 28.

As described above, the recording medium P charged by the charging unit 44 and adsorbed by the conveyance belt 38 is conveyed to the recording unit 16 by the conveyance belt 38 and an image is recorded.
The recording means 16 records the recording medium P by electrostatic ink jet, and includes a head unit 60, a head driver 62, and a position detection device 64 for the recording medium P.

As shown in FIG. 2, the head unit 60 is formed by fixing an electrostatic (inkjet) recording head 70, a supply sub tank 100, a recovery sub tank 102, and the like to a support member 104. Further, the support member 104 is supported by the guide rails 106a and 106b so as to be movable in a direction (hereinafter referred to as a main scanning direction) orthogonal to the conveyance direction of the recording medium P by the conveyance belt 38 (the arrow x direction in FIG. 2). The scanning is performed in the main scanning direction by a ball screw 108 rotated by a driving source (not shown).
The recording apparatus 10 in the illustrated example is a so-called shuttle type ink jet recording apparatus, and the recording medium P is intermittently transported by the transport belt 38 and is synchronized with the intermittent transport (while transport is stopped). An image is recorded on the entire surface of the recording medium P by ejecting ink according to the recorded image while scanning the support member 104 (that is, the recording head 70) in the main scanning direction. Therefore, the recording head 70 is arranged in such a manner that a column (row direction) of the ejection units, which will be described later, coincides with the conveyance direction (arrow x direction) of the recording medium P by the conveyance belt 38.

The present invention is not limited to such a shuttle type ink jet recording apparatus, and has a row of ejection portions (nozzles) over the entire width direction (direction perpendicular to the scanning conveyance direction) of the corresponding recording medium P. Of course, an ink jet recording apparatus using a so-called line head may be used.
The illustrated example illustrates a monochrome ink jet recording apparatus in order to simplify the drawing and show the configuration of the present invention more clearly, but the present invention ejects inks such as cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. Of course, a color electrostatic ink jet recording apparatus for recording an image may be used.

The supply sub tank 100 is supplied with ink from a main tank 130 to be described later, and supplies the stored ink to the recording head 70. Further, the supply sub tank 100 is disposed above the recording head 70.
3A is a schematic perspective view of an example of the supply subtank 100 (recovery subtank 102), FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line aa in FIG. 3A, and FIG. bb line sectional drawing is shown, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 3, the inside of the supply subtank 100 is divided into two by a weir 100a that opens upward to define the liquid level, and this one space (for convenience, referred to as a supply chamber 100b). Ink supply line 110 from main tank 110 (discharge pipe 124 from recording head 70) is connected.
Further, a supply pipe 112 connected to the recording head 70 (an ink flow path 78 described later) is connected to the bottom surface of the supply chamber 100b, and a recovery pipe is connected to the bottom surface of the other space (for convenience, the discharge chamber 100c). A discharge pipe 114 connected to the sub tank 102 is connected.

  The ceiling of the supply subtank 100 has a through hole 100d, and the inside of the tank is open to the atmosphere. Therefore, the ink that has flowed into the supply chamber 100b is supplied from the supply pipe 112 to the recording head 70 by gravity while generating water head pressure.

Here, when the liquid level of the ink supplied from the supply line 110 to the supply chamber 100b exceeds the weir 100a, the ink overflows the supply chamber 100b and flows into the discharge chamber 100c. Accordingly, the ink liquid level in the supply chamber 100b for supplying ink to the recording head 70 is held at a fixed position according to the height of the weir 100a. Therefore, the amount of ink supplied to the recording head 70 and the water head pressure (ink supply pressure) are kept at a constant value corresponding to the height of the weir 100a. A rectifying unit 100c is provided at the upper end of the weir 100a to prevent the ink level from fluctuating due to surface tension.
Further, the ink that has flowed into the discharge chamber 100 c is supplied from the discharge pipe 114 to the recovery sub tank 102 disposed below the recording head 70 by gravity. As will be described in detail later, with such a configuration, the ink in the collection subtank 102 can be quickly brought to a predetermined concentration after the ink replenisher is replenished, and the agitation effect in the collection subtank 102 is also suitable. It is expressed and the ink density in the circulation system can be kept appropriate.

On the other hand, the collection sub tank 102 basically has the same configuration as the supply sub tank 100 except that the supply pipe 112 is not provided. Further, the supply sub tank 102 is disposed below the recording head 70.
In the recovery sub tank 102, a discharge chamber 114 from the supply sub tank 100 (discharge chamber 100c) and a discharge tube 124 from the recording head 70 are connected to a supply chamber 102b formed by the weir 102a. A return line 134 to the tank 130 is connected.

Since the through hole 102d is also formed in the ceiling of the recovery sub tank 102, and the inside is open to the atmosphere, when the ink level exceeds the weir 102a, it overflows and flows into the discharge chamber 102c and flows into the discharge chamber 102c. Ink is returned to the main tank 130 by gravity drop from the return line 134.
By having such a collection sub-tank 102, in the shuttle type recording apparatus 10 as shown in the illustrated example, even if the head unit 60 is reduced in size, recording due to inertial force due to scanning of ink staying in the circulation system. It is possible to prevent the ink liquid surface (particularly meniscus) from being disturbed in the head 70 and to simplify the piping (tube) of the ink circulating means 18. Further, since the liquid level in the supply chamber 102b of the recovery sub tank 102 is kept constant by the weir 102a, a constant pressure is always applied to the ink discharge pipe 124 from the recording head 70. Therefore, the pressure in the ink flow path 78 of the recording head 70 is maintained at a predetermined constant pressure according to the height of each sub tank, the height of the weir, and the like, by a synergistic effect with the effect of the supply sub tank 100.

  The ink circulation system including the supply sub tank 100, the recording head 70, and the recovery sub tank 102 will be described in detail later.

The shapes of the supply subtank 100 and the recovery subtank 102 are not limited to the illustrated examples, and various configurations can be used.
In addition, in the sub tank, the color material particles of the ink Q may settle and accumulate. In order to prevent this, the bottom surface of the sub-tank should have as few horizontal areas as possible, preferably the horizontal portion should be 50% or less, and more preferably have a bottom shape such as an inverted cone or pyramid. It is preferable that the horizontal portion is eliminated, and the supply pipe 112, the discharge pipe 114, and the like for discharging the ink Q from the sub tank to other parts are provided at the lowest position.
Further, the capacity of the sub tank is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately determined according to the recording capability (productivity) of the recording apparatus 10, the amount of liquid fed by a pump 136 described later, and preferably 3 to 50 mL. It is. By setting the capacity of the sub-tank within this range, the ink Q in the sub-tank can be quickly set to a predetermined concentration by circulating the ink after replenishing a replenisher, which will be described later, and more stable ink droplet ejection. It can be carried out.

In the illustrated example, the supply sub-tank 100 is vertically moved by a lifting / lowering means including a ball screw 120a and a motor 120b, and the recovery sub-tank 102 is vertically moved by a lifting / lowering means including a ball screw 122a and a motor 122b. Configured to be adjustable.
This makes it possible to appropriately adjust / set the supply amount and supply pressure of the ink Q to the recording head 70, the pressure in the ink flow path 78 of the recording head 70 described later, and the like.

FIG. 4 shows a conceptual diagram of the recording head 70. 4A is a partially sectional perspective view, and FIG. 4B is a sectional view.
In the recording apparatus 10, as described above, the recording medium P charged to a negative high voltage (charging the bias voltage) by the charging unit 44 and electrostatically attracted to the conveyance belt 38 is intermittently conveyed by the conveyance belt 38. While transporting and scanning the support member 104 in synchronization with this transport, under the control of the head driver 62, each ejection unit of the recording head 70 is modulated and driven in accordance with the recording image, that is, the supplied image data. By turning on / off, the ink droplets R are ejected on demand, and the target image is recorded on the recording medium P.

  As shown conceptually in FIG. 5, the recording head 70 is a multi-channel inkjet head in which a large number of ejection portions are two-dimensionally arranged. However, in FIG. 4, the structure is clearly shown. Only a part of the discharge part is shown.

  The recording head 70 is an electrostatic inkjet head that discharges ink droplets R by applying an electrostatic force to ink Q formed by dispersing color material particles (including color material and charged fine particles) in a carrier liquid. Thus, a head substrate 72, a discharge substrate 74, and an ink guide 76 are provided.

In the recording head 70, the head substrate 72 and the discharge substrate 74 are arranged facing each other and spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and an ink flow path 78 for supplying the ink Q to each discharge port 96 is formed therebetween. . The ink Q is circulated through a predetermined path including the ink flow path 78 by the ink circulation means 18, and at the time of recording, at a predetermined speed (for example, an ink flow of 200 mm / s) in the predetermined direction in the ink flow path 78, for example, , In the direction of arrow a in the figure.
Accordingly, the supply pipe 112 of the supply sub tank 100 is connected upstream of the ink flow path 78, and the ink discharge pipe 124 to the recovery sub tank 102 is connected downstream of the ink flow path 78.

The head substrate 72 is a sheet-like insulative substrate common to all ejection units, and a floating conductive plate 80 that is in an electrically floating state is provided on the surface thereof.
The floating conductive plate 80 generates an induced voltage that is induced in accordance with a drive voltage applied to a first control electrode 82 and a second control electrode 84 described later during image recording. In addition, the voltage value of the induced voltage automatically changes according to the number of operating channels. By this induced voltage, the color material particles contained in the ink Q in the ink flow path 78 are energized and migrate to the discharge substrate 74 side, that is, the concentration of the ink Q at the discharge port 96 described later is more preferably performed. Is called.

  The floating conductive plate 80 is not an essential component and is preferably provided as necessary. The floating conductive plate 80 may be disposed on the head substrate 72 side with respect to the ink flow path 78, and may be disposed, for example, inside the head substrate 72. The floating conductive plate 80 is preferably arranged on the upstream side of the ink flow path 78 from the position where the ejection unit is arranged. Further, a predetermined voltage may be applied to the floating conductive plate 80.

On the other hand, the ejection substrate 74 is a sheet-like insulating substrate that is common to all ejection sections, like the head substrate 72, and includes an insulating substrate 86, a first control electrode 82, a second control electrode 84, and a guard. An electrode 88 and insulating layers 90, 92, and 94 are provided. In addition, ink discharge ports 96 are opened through the discharge substrate 74 at positions corresponding to the respective ink guides 76, and the leading end portion 98 of the ink guide protrudes from the surface of the discharge substrate 74 to form the ink guide 76. Is inserted. As described above, the head substrate 72 and the discharge substrate 74 are arranged apart from each other, and the ink flow path 78 is formed therebetween.
In the recording head 70, the first control electrode 82, the second control electrode 84, the ejection port 96, the ink guide 76, and the like corresponding to each other constitute one ink ejection unit.

The first control electrode 82 and the second control electrode 84 are circular electrodes provided in a ring shape on the surfaces of the upper surface and the lower surface of the insulating substrate 86, respectively, so as to surround the periphery of the corresponding discharge ports 96. Yes (see FIG. 5). The surfaces of the insulating substrate 86 and the first control electrode 82 are covered with an insulating layer 92 that protects and planarizes the surface, and similarly, the surfaces of the insulating substrate 86 and the second control electrode 84 are covered with the insulating layer 92. An insulating layer 90 for planarizing the surface is covered. Further, a guard electrode 88 is formed on the insulating layer 92, and an insulating layer 94 for planarizing the surface is formed on the guard electrode 88 and the insulating layer 92.
Note that the first control electrode 82 and the second control electrode 84 are not limited to ring-shaped circular electrodes, and may be substantially circular electrodes, divided circular electrodes, parallel electrodes, for example, as long as the electrodes are disposed so as to face the ink guide 76. Any shape such as a substantially parallel electrode may be used.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the recording head 70, each ejection unit including the ink guide 76, the first control electrode 82 and the second control electrode 84, the ejection port 96, and the like is two-dimensionally arranged in a matrix. Is arranged.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C, the recording head 70 arranges the columns of the ejection units arranged in the row direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 5) in the column direction (vertical direction in FIG. 5). ) Has 3 rows (A row, B row, C row). Note that FIG. 3 shows a total of 15 discharge units arranged in a matrix of 5 (1 column, 2 columns, 3 columns, 4 columns, 5 columns) in the row direction.
The ejection units in each row are arranged at a predetermined interval in the column direction. In addition, each row is arranged so that the ejection units are shifted from each other by 1/3 pitch in the row direction so that their ejection units are located between the ejection units of other rows (between the row directions).
In the illustrated example, the row direction is the direction in which the ejection sections are arranged (so-called inkjet nozzle column direction), and the recording head 70 matches the column direction and the main scanning direction, and the row direction and the recording medium P Arranged so as to coincide with the transport direction (direction in FIG. 2x).

As shown in FIG. 5A, the guard electrode 88 is a sheet-like electrode in which regions corresponding to the discharge port 96 and the control electrode open in a circular shape. That is, the guard electrode 88 is formed between the control electrodes.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the first control electrodes 82 of the ejection units arranged in the same column are connected to each other and arranged in the same row as shown in FIG. 5C. The second control electrodes 84 of the discharge unit are connected to each other.
Further, although not shown, the first control electrode 82 and the second control electrode 84 are each applied with a drive voltage (pulse voltage), and each electrode is modulated to drive ejection of the ink droplet R. It is connected to a pulse power supply for turning off.

Accordingly, the first control electrodes 82 arranged in the same column are simultaneously applied with the driving voltage of the same voltage level (on), and similarly, the second control electrodes 84 arranged in the same row are simultaneously given the same voltage level. A drive voltage is applied (on).
Further, when the second control electrode 84 is on and the first control electrode 82 is on, the ink Q is ejected (ejection on) as the ink droplet R, and the first control electrode 82 and the second control electrode 84 are When at least one is off, ink is not ejected (ejection off).

  The control electrode is not limited to the two-layer electrode structure of the first control electrode 82 and the second control electrode 84, and may be a single-layer electrode structure or an electrode structure having three or more layers.

As described above, the guard electrode 88 has a ring-shaped portion corresponding to the first control electrode 82 and the second control electrode 84 formed around each discharge port 96 as shown in FIG. It is a sheet-like electrode common to all the discharge parts. That is, the guard electrode 88 is an electrode disposed between the control electrodes. The surfaces of the insulating layer 92 and the guard electrode 88 are covered with an insulating layer 94 that protects and flattens the surfaces.
A predetermined voltage is applied to the guard electrode 88 and plays a role of suppressing electric field interference generated between the ink guides 76 of the adjacent ejection portions.
The guard electrode 88 is not an essential component. Further, in order to shield the repulsive electric field from the first control electrode 82 or the second control electrode 84 toward the ink flow path 78, the discharge substrate 74 has a shield electrode on the ink flow path 78 side from the second control electrode 84. May be provided.

  The ink guide 76 is a ceramic flat plate having a convex end portion 96 having a predetermined thickness. In the illustrated example, the ink guides 76 of the ejection units in the same row are disposed on the same support 47 disposed on the floating conductive plate 80 on the head substrate 72 at a predetermined interval. The ink guide 76 passes through the ejection port 96 opened in the ejection substrate 74, and the tip portion 96 is located above the outermost surface of the ejection substrate 74 on the recording medium P side (the upper surface in the drawing of the insulating layer 94). It protrudes.

The leading end portion 96 of the ink guide 76 is formed in a substantially triangular shape (or trapezoidal shape) that gradually becomes thinner toward the recording medium P.
In addition, it is preferable that the metal is vapor-deposited in the front-end | tip part 96 (most advanced part). Although the metal deposition of the tip portion 96 is not an essential element, there is an effect that the dielectric constant of the tip portion 96 is substantially increased and a strong electric field can be easily generated.

  The shape of the ink guide 76 is not particularly limited as long as the colorant particles in the ink Q can be migrated toward the tip portion 96 (that is, the ink Q is concentrated). For example, the tip portion 96 is convex. You may change freely, such as not having to. Further, in order to promote the concentration of ink, a notch serving as an ink guide groove for collecting the ink Q in the tip portion 96 by capillary action may be formed in the central portion of the ink guide 76 along the vertical direction in the drawing. .

In the illustrated example, one row recorded on the recording medium P is divided into three groups corresponding to the number of rows of the second control electrodes 84 in the column direction, and each row of A rows, B rows, and C rows Recording is performed by three times of time-divided image recording. As described above, since the recording medium P is conveyed in the column direction, image recording with a recording density three times the recording density (discharge portion density) of each row can be performed in the row direction (sub-scanning direction). it can.
For example, in the example shown in FIG. 5, the second control electrode 84 is sequentially turned on (for example, a high voltage level of 400 to 600 V or a high impedance state) one row at a time at a predetermined timing, and all the remaining second control electrodes 84 are turned on. 2 The control electrode 84 is turned off (ground level (ground state)). The first control electrode 82 is turned on in units of columns in accordance with the image data (recorded image) at the same time for all the columns. Accordingly, ink ejection / non-ejection (ink ejection on / off) in each ejection unit is controlled, and ink droplets are ejected on demand according to image data to record an image.

  As described above, when the row of the second lower control electrode 84 is sequentially turned on and the upper first control electrode 82 is turned on / off according to the image data, the first control electrode 82 is turned on according to the image data. Therefore, the first control electrode 82 frequently changes to the high voltage level or the ground level at the discharge portions on both sides of each discharge portion in the column direction. In this case, by biasing the guard electrode 88 to a predetermined guard potential, for example, the ground level, at the time of image recording, it is possible to eliminate the influence of the electric field of the adjacent ejection unit.

  In the recording head 70, it is not limited at all whether one or both of the first control electrode 82 and the second control electrode 84 perform on / off control of ink ejection. That is, ink is ejected when the difference between the voltage value at the time of ink on / off on the control electrode side and the voltage value on the recording medium P side is larger than a predetermined value, and ink is discharged when the difference is smaller than the predetermined value. What is necessary is just to set the voltage of the control electrode side and the recording medium P side suitably so that it may not discharge.

Therefore, in the recording head 70, the first control electrode 82 is sequentially turned on for each column and the second control electrode 84 is turned on in accordance with image data, which is the reverse of the illustrated example. It is also possible to turn off / off.
In this case, the column direction is turned on for each column of the first control electrodes 82, and the first control electrodes 82 of the discharge units in the columns on both sides thereof are always at the ground level with the respective discharge units in the column direction as the center. The first control electrodes 26 of the ejection portions in the rows on both sides serve as the guard electrode 88. As described above, when each column is sequentially turned on by the upper first control electrode 82 and the lower second control electrode 84 is driven in accordance with the image data, the adjacent ejection can be performed without providing the guard electrode 88. It is possible to improve the recording quality by eliminating the influence of the part.

  In this embodiment, the color material particles in the ink Q are positively charged and the recording medium side is charged to a negative high voltage. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and conversely, the color material particles in the ink are negatively charged. The recording medium P side may be charged to a positive high voltage. As described above, when the polarity of the color material particles is reversed from that in the present embodiment, the counter electrode 18, the charging unit 18 of the recording medium P, and the first control electrode 82 and the second control electrode 84 of each discharge unit are connected. What is necessary is just to make an applied voltage polarity etc. reverse to said example.

The position detection device 64 is a conventionally known position detection unit such as a photosensor, and the recording medium P is transported to a predetermined position on the transport path by the transport belt 38 between the charging device 64 and the head unit 60. This is to detect this.
The detection result of the recording medium P by the position detection device 64 is supplied to the head driver 62.

The head driver 62 supplies a drive signal to the recording head 70 of the head unit 60.
Image data is input to the head driver 62 from an external device such as a scanner or a computer. The head driver 62 refers to the detection result of the recording medium P by the position detection device 64, and at the time when the recording medium P is transported to a predetermined position, each of the head drivers 62 corresponds to the transport timing of the recording medium P and the supplied image data. A drive signal for the control electrode is supplied to the recording head 70 (its pulse power supply) of the head unit 60. In response to this drive signal, the recording head 70 sequentially drives the second control electrodes 84 in each row and modulates and drives the first control electrodes 82 in each column according to the image data as described above. As a result, ink is ejected from the recording head 70, and an image corresponding to the image data is recorded on the recording medium P.

In the electrostatic ink jet using the ink Q as described above, a force is not applied to the entire ink to cause the ink to fly toward the recording medium as in the conventional ink jet system. A force is applied to the colorant particles, which are solid components dispersed in the liquid, to cause the ink to fly. Hereinafter, the operation of discharging the ink droplet R in the recording unit 16 (recording head 70) will be described.
In the following example, the color material particles are positively charged. Therefore, when ejection is on, a positive drive voltage is applied to the first control electrode 82 and the second control electrode 84, and the recording medium P has A negative high voltage (bias voltage) is charged.

At the time of recording an image, the ink Q is circulated by the ink circulation means 18 described later, and flows in the ink flow path 78 from the right side in the figure to the left side (in the direction of arrow a in FIG. 4) at a predetermined speed.
Further, as described above, the recording medium P is charged to a negative high voltage by the charging device 44, electrostatically adsorbed to the transport belt 38, transported by the rotation of the transport belt 38, and transferred to the head unit of the recording unit 16. It reaches the facing position.
The negative high voltage charged on the recording medium P acts as a bias voltage in electrostatic inkjet, and the recording medium P and the conveyance belt 38 act as counter electrodes to the control electrode of the recording head 70. As described above.

  As described above, when the recording medium P is transported to a predetermined position by the transport belt 38, the head driver 62 supplies a drive signal to the recording head 70 in accordance with the transport timing of the recording medium P and the image data. In response to this, the recording head 70 sequentially drives the second control electrodes 84 of each row, and modulates and drives the first control electrodes 82 of each column according to the image data, and performs ink ejection according to the image data. To modulate and turn on / off.

Here, when at least one of the first control electrode 82 and the second control electrode 84 is off, that is, when only the bias voltage is applied, the ink Q is charged with the bias voltage and the coloring material particles of the ink Q. 4 and the Coulomb repulsive force between the colorant particles, the viscosity of the carrier liquid, the surface tension, the dielectric polarization force, and the like are coupled to move the colorant particles and the carrier liquid. As conceptually shown in B), the shape is balanced as a meniscus slightly raised from the discharge port 96.
In addition, the colorant particles move toward the recording medium P charged with a bias voltage by so-called electrophoresis due to the Coulomb attractive force or the like. That is, at the meniscus at the discharge port 96, the ink Q is concentrated and concentrated.

  From this state, a driving voltage (pulse voltage) for ejecting the ink droplet R is applied. That is, in the illustrated example, when both the first control electrode 82 and the second control electrode 84 are turned on, the drive voltage is superimposed on the bias voltage, and the previous coupling is further performed by the superposition of the drive voltage. The formed motion occurs, and the colorant particles and the carrier liquid are pulled to the bias voltage (counter electrode) side, that is, the recording medium P side by the electrostatic force, the meniscus grows, and a substantially conical ink liquid column is so-called from the upper part. A tailor cone is formed. Similarly to the above, the color material particles are moved to the meniscus by electrophoresis, and the ink Q of the meniscus is concentrated and is in a substantially uniform high density state having a large number of color material particles.

When a finite time has passed after the start of the application of the drive voltage, the balance between the color material particles and the surface tension of the carrier liquid mainly breaks at the tip of the meniscus with high electric field strength due to the movement of the color material particles, The meniscus grows abruptly to form an elongated ink liquid column having a diameter of about several to several tens of μm, which is called a kite string.
Further, when a finite time elapses, the silk thread grows, and the growth of the silk thread, vibration caused by Rayleigh / Weber instability, uneven distribution of colorant particles in the meniscus, uneven distribution of electrostatic field on the meniscus, etc. As a result of this interaction, the kite string is divided, ejected / flyed as ink droplets R, and pulled by the bias voltage to land on the recording medium P.
The growth and splitting of the kite string, and further the movement of the color material particles to the meniscus (punch kite) occur continuously during the application of the drive voltage. In addition, when the application of the drive voltage is finished (at least one of the first control electrode 82 and the second control electrode 84 is turned off) and a finite time has elapsed, only the bias voltage is applied as shown in FIG. Return to the meniscus state.

As described above, the ink Q is circulated by the ink circulation means 18 and supplied from the main tank 130 to the recording head 70.
The ink circulation means 18 is configured by adding the above-described head unit 60 to the main tank 130 that stores the ink Q, the supply line 110, the return line 134, and the pump 136. Further, an ink replenishing means 138 is connected to the main tank 130.

FIG. 6 shows a conceptual diagram of the ink circulation means 18.
The ink Q stored in the main tank 130 is pumped up by the pump 136 and supplied to the supply chamber 100b of the supply sub tank 100 as described above. The main tank 130 is preferably provided with a stirring means for stirring the stored ink and a temperature adjusting means for keeping the temperature of the ink Q constant. Note that a heating heater or a cooling chiller may be used as the temperature adjusting means.
The ink Q in the supply chamber 100b is supplied from the supply pipe 112 to the ink flow path 78 of the recording head 70 while generating a water head pressure, and as described above, the ink droplets are ejected from the ejection portion in accordance with the application of the drive voltage. And land on the recording medium P.

The ink Q that has flowed into the supply chamber 100b and overflowed from the weir 100a (hereinafter, the supply sub tank 100 is referred to as overflow) flows into the discharge chamber 100c and is supplied from the discharge pipe 114 to the supply chamber 102b of the recovery sub tank 102. .
Further, the ink Q that has been supplied to the recording head 70 and passed through the ink flow path 78 without being discharged is also supplied from the discharge pipe 124 of the recording head 70 to the supply chamber 102 b of the recovery sub-tank 102.

The ink Q flowing into the supply chamber 102b and overflowing the weir 102a flows into the discharge chamber 102c. As described above, the ink that overflows the supply subtank 100 is also supplied to the discharge chamber 102c of the recovery subtank 102.
The ink Q that has flowed into the discharge chamber 102c is returned to the main tank 130 from the return line 134 and is again circulated in the same manner. In other words, the ink that has overflowed the supply sub tank 100 is returned to the main tank 130 without passing through the recording head 70 and is again used for circulation.

An ink Q replenishing means 138 is connected to the main tank 130.
The replenishing means 138 has a high-concentration ink reservoir that is an ink replenisher, a carrier liquid (diluent) reservoir that is also an ink replenisher, and supply means for supplying both to the main tank. Configured. The replenishing unit 138 replenishes the main tank 130 by adjusting the amounts of the high-concentration ink and the carrier liquid according to the use status of the ink Q (for example, the number of recording sheets, the total number of ejections, etc.).

In the replenishing means 138, the replenishment amount of the high-concentration ink and the carrier liquid is supplied from the main tank 120 depending on the density of the circulated ink Q, the amount of the ink Q existing in the circulation system, and the like. What is necessary is just to determine suitably that the ink which exists in the circulation system which returns to (2) becomes the predetermined ink amount and ink density which were preset.
The density of the ink Q may be measured by a known method such as a method of measuring the amount of transmitted light in the light transmissive detection unit. The amount of ink to be replenished can be calculated, for example, by calculating the ink discharge amount from the previous replenishment by counting the image data or the total number of discharges of all discharge units, or by calculating the ink evaporation amount over time measured in advance. Good. The amount of ink existing in the circulation system may be measured by stopping the circulation of the ink Q and measuring the amount of ink in the ink tank 100 with a level meter or the like. 70 and the amount of ink in the ink recovery path 104 can be known, and may be obtained by measuring the amount of ink in the ink tank 100 with a boot sensor or the like during circulation.

The recording apparatus 10 having the ink circulation means 18 and the replenishing means 138 implements the first aspect of the present invention. The replenishment position of the replenisher from the replenishing means 138 to the main tank 130 and the pump 136 are implemented. by the distance L ₁ between the suction port of the ink Q, a position facing increased to the maximum extent possible in accordance with the device configuration or the like (or the vicinity thereof) in, placing the refill position and the suction port. That is, the replenisher replenishment position and the suction port of the pump 136 are arranged at positions facing each other with a maximum separation.

When the distance L ₁ is small, replenisher would be sucked directly to the pump 136, there is a possibility that the ink concentration supplied to the recording head 70 is increased, moreover, the replenisher and the main tank 130 The ink is not agitated and it takes time until all the ink in the circulation system has a predetermined concentration, and the ink ejection during that time becomes unstable.
In contrast, the larger this distance L _1, replenisher can be preferably prevented from being sucked directly to the pump 136, further raising the stirring efficiency of the replenisher in the main tank 130 due to the flow of liquid Including the main tank 130, the uniformity of the ink density in the circulation system can be made higher.

In the present invention, the suction port of the ink by replenishing position and pump replenisher substantially maximally spaced apart from the (distance L ₁ is greater in the substantially maximum) simply refill position of the replenisher It does not show only the case where the separation distance between the pump 136 and the suction port by the pump 136 is maximized.
For example, as in the example shown in FIG. 6B, when the bottom center portion of the main tank 130a is recessed and the drain portion 130b is installed at the lowest portion, the suction port of the pump 136 is also at the lowest. It is necessary to install in the part. In the present invention, in such a case, including when installed the supply position of the replenisher distance L ₁ from the suction port by the pump 136 to increase the position maximally.
That is, in the present invention, the replenishment liquid supply position and the ink suction port by the pump are substantially separated from each other to the maximum extent in the relative positional relationship in the system, the replenishment liquid supply position and the suction port by the pump 136. It means that the maximum separation is necessary.

The recording apparatus 10 in the illustrated example is supplied with the ink Q from the main tank 130 and overflows the excessive ink Q, thereby supplying the ink Q to the recording head 70 while generating the hydraulic head pressure. A recovery sub-tank 102 is disposed below the head 70 and collects ink that has been supplied to the recording head 70 and has not been ejected.
As described above, by having such a supply sub-tank 100, the ink Q can be supplied to the recording head 70 with the supply amount and supply pressure (water head pressure) being constant, and the ink supply amount to the recording head 70 is also provided. In addition, the circulation amount of the ink Q (the liquid feed amount of the pump 136) can be arbitrarily set while keeping the supply pressure appropriate. Further, by having the recovery sub-tank 102, the ink pressure in the ink flow path 76 of the recording head 70 is maintained at a predetermined pressure. Further, in the shuttle type recording apparatus 10, the ink liquid level in the recording head 70 is disturbed. Can be prevented, and the piping of the ink circulating means 18 can be simplified.

Here, the recording apparatus 10 also implements the second aspect of the present invention. The recording apparatus 10 has such a recovery subtank 102 and supplies ink Q overflowed from the supply subtank 100 to the recovery subtank 102.
Without the above configuration, the ink circulation amount to the collection sub tank 102 is basically defined by the ink amount that can be supplied to the recording head 70. Therefore, when the supply amount is small, it takes time for the ink in the collection sub tank 102 to reach a predetermined concentration after the replenisher is replenished to the main tank 130, that is, the ink concentration in the entire circulation system is uniform. It takes time to become.
On the other hand, by supplying the ink Q overflowed from the supply subtank 100 to the recovery subtank 102, the ink Q in the recovery subtank 102 can be quickly made to have a predetermined concentration after the ink Q is replenished, and the entire circulation system Ink density uniformity can be further improved. Further, the ink density uniformity can be improved by the stirring effect of the ink Q flowing from the supply sub tank 100.

In the second aspect of the present invention, the ink Q that has overflowed the recovery sub-tank 102 is returned to the main tank 130, the replenisher supply position from the replenishing means 138 to the main tank 130, and the supply of this overflow ink the distance L ₂ between the position, maximally reduced position to the extent possible for the device configuration or the like (or the vicinity thereof) to a supply position of the replenisher, the supply position of the ink Q that overflows the recovery sub-tank 102 It is preferable to provide them (preferably, the two are substantially close to each other as much as possible).

As described above, the ink overflowing the collection sub tank 102 falls by gravity and is supplied to the main tank 130.
Ink Accordingly, the main tank 130, a supply position of the replenisher, by reducing the distance L ₂ between the supply position of the ink Q overflowing from the recovery sub tank 102, overflowing the replenisher which is replenished to the main tank 130 Stirring can be performed with the flow rate of Q, and the concentration of the ink Q in the main tank 130 when the replenisher is supplied can be made uniform quickly. Further, the ink concentration in the main tank 130 can be made more uniform by the stirring effect due to the distance between the return position of the ink Q overflowed from the recovery sub tank 102 and the suction port by the pump 136.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the ink that overflows the supply subtank 100 without providing the recovery subtank 102 and the ink Q that passes through the ink flow path 76 of the recording head 70 without being discharged are directly used. Alternatively, it may be returned to the main tank 130. In this case also, a supply position of the ink overflowed from the supply sub tank 100, the distance L ₂ between the refill position of the replenisher from replenishing means 138 is preferably maximally reduced. Alternatively, in the configuration in which the recovery sub tank 102 is provided, the ink Q overflowed from the supply sub tank 100 may be returned directly to the main tank 130 instead of the recovery sub tank 102.
Also in the second aspect of the present invention, a replenishment position of replenisher by replenishing unit 138, the preferred to increase maximum distance L ₁ between the suction position of the ink Q by the pump 136, of course It is.

In the recording apparatus 10 of the present invention, the total amount of ink existing in the circulation system of the ink Q is V [L (liter)] after satisfying the above conditions, and the amount of circulating fluid in the circulation system, that is, the amount of liquid fed by the pump 136. Is a [L / min (liter / min)],
6 × V>a> V ÷ 6
It is preferable to satisfy.
The total ink amount existing in the circulation system of the ink Q is the total amount of ink Q existing in the circulation path including the inside of the recording head 70, both sub tanks, the main tank 130, and the like. The circulation is stopped, the ink Q is returned to the main tank 130, and the amount of the ink Q in the main tank 130 when it is in a stationary state may be used.

As a matter of course, in the recording apparatus 10, it is preferable to quickly circulate the replenisher replenished in the main tank 130 and quickly bring the ink Q in the circulation system to a predetermined concentration.
By satisfying the above expression “6 × V>a> V ÷ 6”, all the ink Q existing in the circulation system circulates in the circulation system within 10 to 360 seconds. After the replenisher is replenished to 130, all the inks Q in the ink circulation system can be quickly made to have a predetermined concentration according to the replenished replenisher. Accordingly, the density of the ink Q is stably maintained at a predetermined density, and ink droplets that are appropriately concentrated by the ink Q having a predetermined density are stably ejected, thereby stably recording a high-quality image. can do.

  As described above, in the ink jet recording apparatus that circulates the ink Q and supplies the ink to the recording head, the circulation amount of the ink is limited by the amount of ink that can be supplied to the recording head. Since the supply sub-tank 100 is provided, the circulation amount of the ink Q can be arbitrarily set, so that the above condition can be realized more suitably.

A solvent recovery means 20 is disposed on the upper part of the recording apparatus 10.
The solvent recovery means 20 recovers a carrier liquid that evaporates from the ink ejected from the recording head 70 onto the recording medium P, a carrier liquid that evaporates from the ink during image fixing, and the like, and includes a discharge fan 140 and an activated carbon filter 142. And. The activated carbon filter 142 is attached to the back surface of the upper surface (upper side in the drawing) of the housing 26, and the exhaust fan 140 is attached to the activated carbon filter 142.
The air containing the carrier liquid component inside the housing 22 is exhausted to the outside of the housing 22 through the activated carbon filter 142 by the exhaust fan 140. At that time, the dispersed solvent component contained in the air inside the housing 22 is adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon filter 142.

Hereinafter, the operation of the recording apparatus 10 will be described.
In the recording apparatus 10, when an image is recorded, the recording medium P stored in the paper feed tray 30 is taken out one by one by the feed roller 32, nipped and conveyed by the conveyance roller pair 36, and supplied to a predetermined position on the conveyance belt 38. Is done.
The recording medium P supplied on the conveyance belt 38 is charged to a negative high potential by the charging device 44 and electrostatically attracted to the surface of the conveyance belt 38. This negative high potential acts not only for electrostatic attraction to the conveyor belt 38 but also as a bias voltage in the electrostatic ink jet.

The recording medium P electrostatically attracted to the surface of the conveyance belt 38 is conveyed by the recording means 16 (head unit 70) conveyance belt 38 at a predetermined speed.
In synchronism with this, the head driver 62 refers to the detection result of the recording medium P by the position detection device 64 and records the drive signal of each control electrode according to the conveyance timing of the recording medium P and the supplied image data. It is supplied to the head 70 (its pulse power supply).
The recording head 70 (support member 104) sequentially drives the second control electrodes 84 in each row and scans the first control electrodes 82 in each column according to the supplied drive signal while being scanned in the main scanning direction. Modulation driving is performed according to the image data, ink is ejected from the recording head 70, and an image corresponding to the image data is recorded on the recording medium P.

  The recording medium P after image recording is neutralized by the neutralization device 46, separated from the conveying belt 38 by the separation claw 48, and supplied to the fixing roller pair 52 along the guide 48. The recorded images are heated and fixed while being nipped and conveyed by the fixing roller pair 52 and are stacked in the discharge tray 28 and stocked.

During such image recording, the ink Q is pumped from the main tank 130 by the pump 136, transferred through the supply line 110 and supplied to the supply chamber 100 b of the supply subtank 100, and from here to the recording head 70 by the supply pipe 112. Supplied and delivered.
The ink Q that has not been ejected is supplied to the supply chamber 102b of the recovery sub tank 102 through the discharge pipe 124, and the ink Q that has overflowed from the supply sub tank 100 is supplied to the supply chamber 102b of the recovery sub tank 102. Q is returned to the main tank 130 by the return line 134 and is again used for circulation.
In the recording apparatus 10, for example, when the number of recording sheets reaches a predetermined number, a replenisher (high concentration ink and / or carrier liquid) is supplied from the ink replenishing unit 138 to the main tank 130 according to the detected ink density or the like. refill.

Here, in the recording apparatus 10 in the illustrated example, the distance L ₁ between the supply position of the replenisher from the replenishing means 138 and the ink Q suction port by the pump 136 is maximized, so the replenished replenishment is performed. The liquid is not directly sucked into the pump 136, a good stirring effect is obtained, the ink Q having a predetermined concentration is supplied to the recording head 70, and the ink Q in the circulation system can be rapidly adjusted to the predetermined concentration. . Further, the ink in the main tank 130 is also agitated by the flow of the ink Q that has overflowed the recovery sub tank 102, and the ink concentration in the circulation system can be made uniform.
Further, since the ink Q overflowed from the supply subtank 100 is supplied to the recovery subtank 102, the ink concentration in the recovery subtank 102 quickly becomes a predetermined concentration after the replenishment liquid is replenished. It can be made uniform.

  Although the ink jet recording apparatus of the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. Of course.

It is a conceptual diagram of an example of the inkjet recording device of this invention. FIG. 2 is a partial schematic perspective view of a head unit of the ink jet recording apparatus shown in FIG. 1. It is an example of the sub tank installed in the head unit shown in FIG. 2, (A) is a schematic perspective view, (B) is the sectional view on the aa line of (A), (C) is the sectional view on the bb line. It is. 2A and 2B are conceptual diagrams of a recording head of the ink jet recording apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1, in which FIG. (A), (B) and (C) are schematic diagrams for explaining the recording head shown in FIG. (A) is a conceptual diagram of an ink circulation system of the ink jet recording apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and (B) is a conceptual diagram of another example of an ink circulation system for explaining the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram of the ink circulation system of the conventional inkjet recording device.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 (Inkjet) recording apparatus 12 Holding means 14 Conveying means 16 Recording means 18 Ink circulating means 20 Solvent recovery means 26 Case 30 Paper feed tray 32 Feed roller 34 Discharge tray 36 Conveying roller pair 38 Conveying belt 40 Roller 42 Conductive platen 44 Charging device 46 Static elimination device 48 Separation claw 50 Guide 52 Fixing roller pair 60 Head unit 62 Head driver 64 Position detection means 70 Recording head 72 Head substrate 74 Discharge port substrate 76 Ink guide 78 Ink flow path 80 Floating conductive plate 82 First control electrode 86 Second control electrode 86 Insulating substrate 88 Guard electrode 90, 92, 94 Insulating layer 96 Discharge port 98 Tip portion 100 Supply subtank 102 Recovery subtank 104 Support member 106 Guide rail 108 Ball screw 110 Supply In 112 the supply pipe 114, 124 and 134 discharge pipe 130 main tank 134 return line 136 pump 138 supplement means

Claims (4)

An ink jet head that discharges ink droplets by applying an electrostatic force to ink formed by dispersing colored particles in a dispersion medium, and a main tank that stores the ink, Ink circulation means including a path returning from the main tank to the main tank via the inkjet head, and replenishment means for replenishing the main tank with ink
Further, the ink replenishment position from the replenishing means to the main tank and the ink suction position from the main tank by the circulation means are disposed at positions facing each other at a substantially maximum distance. Inkjet recording apparatus. An inkjet head that discharges droplets of the ink by causing electrostatic force to act on ink formed by dispersing particles and charged particles in a dispersion medium;
A main tank for storing the ink;
A supply sub-tank that is supplied with ink from the main tank and supplies ink to the inkjet head while maintaining a constant water head pressure by overflow; and
The ink that is positioned below the ink jet head and that has been supplied to the ink jet head and has not been ejected, and the ink that has overflowed from the supply sub tank, is recovered, and the recovered ink is returned to the main tank by overflowing An ink jet recording apparatus comprising: a sub tank. Replenishment means for replenishing the main tank with ink;
The ink jet recording apparatus according to claim 2, wherein an ink replenishing position from the replenishing means to the main tank and an ink returning position from the recovery sub tank to the main tank are substantially close to each other.   4. The inkjet recording according to claim 2, further comprising: a holding unit that holds the inkjet head, a supply sub-tank, and a recovery sub-tank; and a scanning unit that moves the holding unit in a direction orthogonal to a row of ejection units of the inkjet head. apparatus.

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