JP2005198617A - Mulch sheet for farming - Google Patents
Mulch sheet for farming Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005198617A JP2005198617A JP2004010670A JP2004010670A JP2005198617A JP 2005198617 A JP2005198617 A JP 2005198617A JP 2004010670 A JP2004010670 A JP 2004010670A JP 2004010670 A JP2004010670 A JP 2004010670A JP 2005198617 A JP2005198617 A JP 2005198617A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- defatted
- layer
- cellulose fibers
- fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 83
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000146553 Ceiba pentandra Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003301 Ceiba pentandra Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004775 Tyvek Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000690 Tyvek Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010872 fertilizer runoff Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、雑草の生育防止や栽培地の保温のために、地上に直接敷設して使用する農業用マルチシートに関するものである。 The present invention relates to an agricultural multi-sheet that is directly laid on the ground and used for preventing weed growth and keeping the cultivation area warm.
従来より、農業用マルチシートとしては、各種の不織布が用いられている。たとえば、フラッシュ紡糸法で得られた網状ポリエチレン極細繊維が集積されてなる不織布（商標タイベック）などが用いられている。この不織布は緻密で、遮光性及び防水性に優れており、このため、果樹などの根元の地上に敷設されると、太陽光を遮るため雑草の生育防止が図れ、また大量の降雨の場合にも肥料の流出や果樹などの根腐れを防止しうるというものである。さらに、この不織布は表面の白色度が高く、よく太陽光を反射するため、太陽光が直接当たらない果実にも、反射光が当たる。したがって、より多くの果実に光が当たり、また果実全体に光が当たるため、糖度の高い果実がより多く収穫しうるという利点もある。 Conventionally, various nonwoven fabrics are used as agricultural multi-sheets. For example, a nonwoven fabric (trademark Tyvek) in which reticulated polyethylene ultrafine fibers obtained by flash spinning are integrated is used. This non-woven fabric is dense and has excellent light-shielding and waterproofing properties, so when laid on the base of fruit trees, etc., it can prevent the growth of weeds because it blocks sunlight, and in the case of heavy rainfall It can also prevent fertilizer runoff and root rot of fruit trees. Furthermore, since this non-woven fabric has a high surface whiteness and reflects sunlight well, reflected light also strikes fruits that are not directly exposed to sunlight. Therefore, there is an advantage that more fruits having a high sugar content can be harvested because more fruits are exposed to light and the entire fruits are exposed to light.
しかしながら、ポリエチレン極細繊維などの一般の合成繊維よりなる不織布は、使用後の廃棄処理に問題があった。すなわち、このような不織布は焼却によって廃棄処理するため、地球環境に悪影響を与えるということがあった。特に、農業用マルチシートは、その使用量が多いため、地球環境に過大の負荷を与えるものであった。 However, a nonwoven fabric made of general synthetic fibers such as polyethylene ultrafine fibers has a problem in disposal after use. That is, since such a non-woven fabric is disposed of by incineration, it has an adverse effect on the global environment. In particular, agricultural multi-seats have an excessive load on the global environment because of their large usage.
このため、近年、一般の合成繊維に代えて、生分解性合成繊維よりなる不織布を、農業用マルチシートに使用することが行われている。たとえば、特許文献１では、生分解性合成繊維として、キチン・キトサンを含む生分解性合成繊維が用いられている。また、特許文献２では、生分解性合成繊維として、ポリ乳酸系合成繊維が用いられている。生分解性合成繊維よりなる不織布を農業用マルチシートとして用いることにより、使用後においても、栽培地などに放置しておくことにより、自然に分解・消失し、地球環境に与える負荷を軽減することができるのである。 For this reason, in recent years, a nonwoven fabric made of biodegradable synthetic fibers has been used for agricultural multi-sheets in place of general synthetic fibers. For example, in Patent Document 1, a biodegradable synthetic fiber containing chitin / chitosan is used as the biodegradable synthetic fiber. In Patent Document 2, polylactic acid-based synthetic fibers are used as biodegradable synthetic fibers. By using a non-woven fabric made of biodegradable synthetic fiber as an agricultural multi-sheet, it can be naturally decomposed / disappeared by leaving it in the cultivated land after use, reducing the load on the global environment. Can do it.
上記したポリエチレン極細繊維よりなる不織布及び生分解性合成繊維よりなる不織布のいずれの場合も、吸水性が殆ど無いという問題点があった。吸水性の無い理由は、農業用マルチシートの場合には、肥料の流出や果樹などの根腐れを防止するため、防水性が要求され、なるべく吸水性を低めるように、設計されているからである。しかしながら、農業用マルチシートに吸水性が無いと、多雨時には、マルチシート表面に水溜まりができて、太陽光の反射が不十分となり、糖度の高い果実をより多く収穫できなくなるという欠点があった。 In both cases of the nonwoven fabric made of polyethylene ultrafine fibers and the nonwoven fabric made of biodegradable synthetic fibers, there was a problem that there was almost no water absorption. The reason for the lack of water absorption is that, in the case of agricultural multi-sheets, water resistance is required to prevent fertilizer spillage and root decay of fruit trees, and it is designed to reduce water absorption as much as possible. is there. However, if there is no water absorption in the agricultural multi-sheet, there is a disadvantage in that, when it is raining, the surface of the multi-sheet is pooled, the reflection of sunlight becomes insufficient, and more fruits with high sugar content cannot be harvested.
そこで、本発明は、農業用マルチシートに吸水性と防水性という二律背反する性能を与えると共に、生分解性や表面の白色度などの種々の性能を与えることを目的として、なされたものである。 Accordingly, the present invention has been made for the purpose of giving the agricultural multi-sheet an antimony performance such as water absorption and waterproofness and various performances such as biodegradability and surface whiteness.
すなわち、本発明は、漂白された脱脂セルロース繊維が集積されてなり、該脱脂セルロース繊維相互間が交絡して形態保持している吸水層と、未脱脂セルロース繊維が集積されてなり、該未脱脂セルロース繊維相互間が交絡して形態保持している保水層とからなり、該吸水層と該保水層の層間は、該脱脂セルロース繊維と該未脱脂セルロース繊維とが交絡していることによって、一体化されており、該保水層が土側に対向するようにして敷設されることを特徴とする農業用マルチシートに関するものである。 That is, the present invention comprises bleached defatted cellulose fibers accumulated, a water absorbing layer in which the defatted cellulose fibers are entangled and retained in shape, and non-degreased cellulose fibers accumulated, It consists of a water retention layer in which the cellulose fibers are entangled and held in shape, and the interlayer of the water absorption layer and the water retention layer is integrated by the entanglement of the defatted cellulose fibers and the non-degreasing cellulose fibers. The present invention relates to an agricultural multi-sheet, wherein the water retention layer is laid so as to face the soil side.
本発明に係る農業用マルチシートは、基本的には、吸水層と保水層との二層構造不織布よりなるものである。吸水層は、漂白された脱脂セルロース繊維を構成繊維とするものである。セルロース繊維としては、綿繊維、パルプ繊維、カポック繊維、レーヨン繊維、麻繊維などの従来公知のセルロース繊維が用いられる。そして、このセルロース繊維は脱脂されている。脱脂とは、繊維表面に付着している天然油脂や紡績油などを除去することである。この脱脂によって、セルロース繊維が本来持つ吸水性を発揮することができる。また、このセルロース繊維は漂白されている。漂白手段は、従来公知の方法を採用すればよい。漂白することによって、セルロース繊維の白色度が向上し、太陽光をよく反射しうるようになる。漂白された脱脂セルロース繊維としては、代表的には脱脂綿が用いられる。 The agricultural multi-sheet according to the present invention is basically composed of a two-layer nonwoven fabric of a water absorption layer and a water retention layer. The water-absorbing layer comprises bleached defatted cellulose fibers as constituent fibers. As the cellulose fiber, conventionally known cellulose fibers such as cotton fiber, pulp fiber, Kapok fiber, rayon fiber and hemp fiber are used. And this cellulose fiber is defatted. Degreasing is to remove natural oils and spinning oils adhering to the fiber surface. By this degreasing, the water absorption inherent in the cellulose fiber can be exhibited. Moreover, this cellulose fiber is bleached. A conventionally known method may be employed as the bleaching means. By bleaching, the whiteness of the cellulose fibers is improved and sunlight can be reflected well. As the bleached defatted cellulose fiber, typically absorbent cotton is used.
吸水層の構成繊維である漂白された脱脂セルロース繊維は、相互間が交絡している。繊維相互間を交絡させる方法としては、ニードルパンチ法やウォーターニードリング法などが用いられる。繊維相互間の交絡によって、吸水層はシート状の形態を保持する。また、繊維相互間の交絡と共に、吸水層を部分的に圧縮して、形態保持性を向上させることもできる。部分的に圧縮する手段としては、従来公知のエンボス装置などが用いられる。 Bleached defatted cellulose fibers that are constituent fibers of the water absorption layer are entangled with each other. As a method for entanglement between fibers, a needle punch method, a water needling method, or the like is used. The water absorption layer maintains a sheet-like form by entanglement between the fibers. Moreover, a water absorption layer can be partially compressed with the entanglement between fibers, and form retainability can also be improved. As the means for partially compressing, a conventionally known embossing device or the like is used.
吸水層の目付は、２０ｇ／ｍ2以上であるのが好ましく、特に１００ｇ／ｍ2程度がより好ましい。吸水層の目付が２０ｇ／ｍ2未満であると、遮光性が不十分になると共に、吸水量の絶対量が少なくなる傾向が生じる。また、吸水層の吸水量は、１００ｇ以上であるのが好ましく、特に１００〜２００ｇ程度がより好ましい。吸水量が１００ｇ未満になると、吸水量の絶対量が少なくなる傾向が生じる。ここで、吸水量の試験方法は、日本薬局方の脱脂綿の項に記載された吸水量試験方法による。すなわち、吸水層５ｇ当たりの吸水量（ｇ）が、本明細書で言う吸水量である。 The basis weight of the water absorbing layer is preferably 20 g / m 2 or more, and more preferably about 100 g / m 2 . When the basis weight of the water absorbing layer is less than 20 g / m 2 , the light shielding property becomes insufficient and the absolute amount of the water absorbing amount tends to decrease. The water absorption amount of the water absorption layer is preferably 100 g or more, and more preferably about 100 to 200 g. When the water absorption amount is less than 100 g, the absolute amount of the water absorption amount tends to decrease. Here, the water absorption test method is based on the water absorption test method described in the absorbent cotton section of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. That is, the water absorption amount (g) per 5 g of the water absorption layer is the water absorption amount referred to in this specification.
保水層は、未脱脂セルロース繊維を構成繊維とするものである。セルロース繊維としては、綿繊維、パルプ繊維、カポック繊維、レーヨン繊維、麻繊維などの従来公知のセルロース繊維が用いられる。そして、このセルロース繊維は未脱脂のものである。未脱脂とは、繊維表面に天然油脂や紡績油などが付着しているということである。この天然油脂や紡績油は、当初から付着しているものであっても、後で付着させたものでもよい。天然油脂や紡績油などが繊維表面に付着していることによって、セルロース繊維が本来持つ吸水性を発揮することができず、セルロース繊維相互間に水が保持され、保水層となるのである。未脱脂セルロース繊維は漂白されていてもよいし、漂白されていなくてもよい。 The water retention layer is made of non-defatted cellulose fibers as constituent fibers. As the cellulose fiber, conventionally known cellulose fibers such as cotton fiber, pulp fiber, Kapok fiber, rayon fiber and hemp fiber are used. And this cellulose fiber is a non-degreasing thing. Non-degreasing means that natural fat or spinning oil or the like is adhered to the fiber surface. The natural oil or spinning oil may be attached from the beginning or may be attached later. When natural fats and oils, spinning oils, and the like adhere to the fiber surface, the water absorption inherent in the cellulose fibers cannot be exhibited, and water is retained between the cellulose fibers to form a water retaining layer. Undefatted cellulose fibers may be bleached or unbleached.
保水層の構成繊維である未脱脂セルロース繊維は、相互間が交絡している。繊維相互間を交絡させる方法としては、吸水層の場合と同様にニードルパンチ法やウォーターニードリング法などが用いられる。繊維相互間の交絡によって、保水層はシート状の形態を保持する。また、吸水層の場合と同様に、繊維相互間の交絡と共に、保水層を部分的に圧縮して、形態保持性を向上させることもできる。 The non-defatted cellulose fibers that are the constituent fibers of the water retention layer are entangled with each other. As a method of entanglement between fibers, a needle punch method, a water needling method, or the like is used as in the case of the water absorption layer. The water retention layer maintains a sheet-like form by entanglement between the fibers. Similarly to the case of the water absorption layer, the water retention layer can be partially compressed together with the entanglement between the fibers to improve the shape retention.
保水層の目付も、２０ｇ／ｍ2以上であるのが好ましく、特に１００ｇ／ｍ2程度がより好ましい。保水層の目付が２０ｇ／ｍ2未満であると、遮光性が不十分になると共に、保水しうる水量の絶対量が少なくなる傾向が生じる。また、保水層の吸水量は、２０ｇ以下であるのが好ましく、特に１０〜２０ｇ程度がより好ましい。吸水量が２０ｇを超えると、繊維相互間における保水力が低下する傾向が生じる。吸水量の試験方法は、前記の場合と同様に、日本薬局方の脱脂綿の項に記載された吸水量試験方法による。 The basis weight of the water retaining layer is also preferably 20 g / m 2 or more, and more preferably about 100 g / m 2 . When the basis weight of the water retaining layer is less than 20 g / m 2 , the light shielding property becomes insufficient, and the absolute amount of water that can be retained tends to decrease. Moreover, it is preferable that the water absorption amount of a water retention layer is 20 g or less, and about 10-20 g is especially more preferable. If the amount of water absorption exceeds 20 g, the water retention between the fibers tends to decrease. The water absorption amount test method is the same as in the above case, according to the water absorption amount test method described in the section of absorbent cotton in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
吸水層と保水層の層間は、各々の構成繊維である、漂白された脱脂セルロース繊維と未脱脂セルロース繊維とが交絡していることによって、一体化されている。脱脂セルロース繊維と未脱脂セルロース繊維とを交絡させる方法も、ニードルパンチ法やウォーターニードリング法などが用いられる。すなわち、吸水層と保水層とを積層した積層シートに、ニードルパンチ又はウォーターニードリングを施せばよい。これによって、層間が脱脂セルース繊維と未脱脂セルロース繊維とで交絡されるのである。なお、積層シートにニードルパンチなどを施すことによって、吸水層中の脱脂セルロース繊維相互間や、保水層中の未脱脂セルロース繊維相互間も、さらに交絡が生じることになる。 The layers between the water absorption layer and the water retention layer are integrated by entanglement of each of the constituent fibers, that is, bleached defatted cellulose fibers and non-defatted cellulose fibers. A needle punch method, a water needling method, or the like is also used as a method of confounding the defatted cellulose fiber and the non-defatted cellulose fiber. That is, needle punching or water needling may be applied to a laminated sheet in which a water absorbing layer and a water retaining layer are laminated. Thereby, the interlayer is entangled with the defatted cellulose fiber and the non-defatted cellulose fiber. In addition, by subjecting the laminated sheet to needle punch or the like, further entanglement occurs between the defatted cellulose fibers in the water absorption layer and between the defatted cellulose fibers in the water retention layer.
本発明に係る農業用マルチシートは、たとえば、以下の方法によって容易に製造することができる。すなわち、漂白された脱脂セルロース繊維をカード機で開繊及び集積して繊維ウェブを作成し、該繊維ウェブにニードルパンチを施して吸水層を作成する工程（吸水層作成工程）と、未脱脂セルロース繊維をカード機で開繊及び集積して繊維ウェブを作成し、該繊維ウェブにニードルパンチを施して保水層を作成する工程（保水層作成工程）と、該吸水層と該保水層とを積層してなる積層シートに、ニードルパンチを施して該吸水層と該保水層とを一体化する工程（積層一体化工程）とを経ることによって、本発明に係る農業用マルチシートを製造することができる。 The agricultural multi-sheet according to the present invention can be easily manufactured, for example, by the following method. That is, a bleached defatted cellulose fiber is opened and accumulated with a card machine to create a fiber web, and the fiber web is needle punched to create a water absorbing layer (water absorbing layer creating step); A fiber web is created by opening and accumulating fibers with a card machine, a step of creating a water retaining layer by applying needle punch to the fiber web (water retaining layer creating step), and laminating the water absorbing layer and the water retaining layer The agricultural sheet according to the present invention can be manufactured by subjecting the laminated sheet thus obtained to a needle punching to integrate the water-absorbing layer and the water-retaining layer (lamination integration process). it can.
吸水層作成工程及び保水層作成工程で使用するカード機は、紡績の際に用いられるもので、繊維を梳り開繊する機械である。このカード機を通った繊維群は、梳られ開繊された状態の繊維ウェブとなる。一台のカード機で得られる繊維ウェブの目付が少ない場合には、繊維ウェブを何層も積層して、所望の目付の繊維ウェブとすることができる。また、各工程で採用されるニードルパンチは、刺付き針で、繊維ウェブを厚み方向に何度も突き刺し、繊維ウェブ中の構成繊維相互間を交絡させるものである。これらの手段は、いずれも従来公知の手段であり、本発明に係る農業用マルチシートは、このような従来公知の手段を組み合わせることによって得られるものである。 The card machine used in the water absorption layer creation step and the water retention layer creation step is used for spinning and is a machine for winding and opening fibers. The fiber group that has passed through the card machine becomes a fiber web that has been rolled and opened. When the basis weight of the fiber web obtained by one card machine is small, the fiber web can be laminated to form a fiber web having a desired basis weight. Moreover, the needle punch employ | adopted at each process is a piercing needle, stabs a fiber web many times in the thickness direction, and entangles the constituent fibers in a fiber web. These means are all conventionally known means, and the agricultural multi-sheet according to the present invention is obtained by combining such conventionally known means.
本発明に係る農業用マルチシートは、保水層が土側となり、吸水層が太陽光側となるようにして、果樹などの根元の土上に敷設される。このような状態で敷設されると、吸水層は、漂白された脱脂セルロース繊維が集積されてなるものであるから、太陽光をよく反射する。また、吸水層は脱脂セルロース繊維が集積されてなるものであるから、雨水をよく吸水する。一方、保水層は、未脱脂セルロース繊維が集積されてなるものであるため、吸水層が吸水した雨水は、直ちに保水層に移行せずに、徐々に保水層に移行する。そして、保水層中の未脱脂セルロース繊維相互の間隙に保水されながら、徐々に土中へ移行することになる。 The agricultural multi-sheet according to the present invention is laid on the root soil such as fruit trees so that the water retention layer is on the soil side and the water absorption layer is on the sunlight side. When laid in such a state, the water absorption layer reflects the sunlight well because it is made up of bleached defatted cellulose fibers. Moreover, since the water absorption layer is made of accumulated defatted cellulose fibers, it absorbs rainwater well. On the other hand, since the water retention layer is formed by accumulation of non-defatted cellulose fibers, the rainwater absorbed by the water absorption layer does not immediately shift to the water retention layer but gradually shifts to the water retention layer. Then, the water gradually moves into the soil while being retained in the gaps between the non-defatted cellulose fibers in the water retention layer.
本発明に係る農業用マルチシートは、太陽光側に吸水層が配され、土側に保水層が配されて、果樹などの根元の土上に敷設されるものである。そして、吸水層は、漂白された脱脂セルロース繊維が集積されてなるものであるため、多雨時であっても、雨水は吸水層が吸水する。したがって、吸水層表面上に雨水が溜まって、太陽光の反射が不十分となることが少なく、漂白されたセルロース繊維の高い白色度に相応する太陽光の反射が得られる。よって、本発明に係る農業用マルチシートを敷設しておけば、糖度の高い果実をより多く収穫できるという効果を奏する。また、吸水層に吸水された雨水は、直ちに土中に移行することなく、一旦、保水層に保水されて徐々に土中に移行するため、ある程度の防水性が実現されている。したがって、多雨により、土中に大量の雨水が侵入しにくく、土中からの肥料の流出や果樹などの根腐れを防止することができる。 The agricultural multi-sheet according to the present invention has a water absorption layer disposed on the sunlight side and a water retention layer disposed on the soil side, and is laid on the root soil such as fruit trees. And since the water absorption layer is formed by collecting bleached defatted cellulose fibers, the water absorption layer absorbs rainwater even during heavy rain. Therefore, rainwater accumulates on the surface of the water absorption layer, so that the reflection of sunlight is rarely insufficient, and the reflection of sunlight corresponding to the high whiteness of the bleached cellulose fiber can be obtained. Therefore, if the agricultural multi-sheet according to the present invention is laid, it is possible to harvest more fruits having a high sugar content. In addition, rainwater absorbed by the water absorbing layer does not immediately move into the soil, but is temporarily retained in the water retaining layer and gradually moves into the soil, so that a certain degree of waterproofness is realized. Therefore, due to heavy rain, a large amount of rainwater is unlikely to enter the soil, and it is possible to prevent fertilizer outflow from the soil and root rot of fruit trees and the like.
また、本発明に係る農業用マルチシートは、雨水を吸水層が吸水し、その後保水層が保水し、そして徐々に保水層から土中へ雨水が移行する。このため、肥料を吸水層の表面に散布しておけば、降雨の際に、自動的に肥料が土中へ散布されることになる。したがって、本発明に係る農業用マルチシートを用いれば、マルチシートを除去して、土壌に肥料を散布する必要がなく、肥料の散布を合理化しうるという格別顕著な効果を奏する。さらに、本発明に係る農業用マルチシートは、吸水層も保水層も、セルロース繊維で構成されているため、生分解性に優れている。したがって、使用後、栽培地などに放置しておけば、自然に分解・消失し、地球環境に負荷を殆ど与えないという効果も奏する。 In the agricultural multi-sheet according to the present invention, the water absorption layer absorbs rainwater, the water retention layer then retains water, and the rainwater gradually moves from the water retention layer into the soil. For this reason, if fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the water absorption layer, the fertilizer is automatically sprayed into the soil during rainfall. Therefore, if the agricultural multi-sheet according to the present invention is used, it is not necessary to remove the multi-sheet and spray fertilizer on the soil, and it is possible to rationalize the fertilizer spray. Furthermore, the agricultural multi-sheet according to the present invention is excellent in biodegradability because both the water absorption layer and the water retention layer are composed of cellulose fibers. Therefore, if it is left in the cultivated land after use, it decomposes and disappears naturally, and there is also an effect of hardly giving a load to the global environment.
なお、本発明に係る農業用マルチシートは、従来のマルチシートと同様に、栽培地の土上に敷設しておけば、雑草の生育防止や土壌の保温という効果を奏することは、言うまでもない。すなわち、吸水層と保水層によって、太陽光が遮光されて土壌に到達しにくくなり、雑草の生育を防止しうる。また、繊維集合体である吸水層と保水層によって、土壌が被覆されているため、土壌の急激な冷却を防止しうるのである。 In addition, it goes without saying that the agricultural multi-sheet according to the present invention has the effects of preventing weed growth and keeping the soil warm if it is laid on the soil of the cultivated land, like the conventional multi-sheet. That is, the water absorption layer and the water retention layer shield sunlight from reaching the soil and can prevent weed growth. Moreover, since the soil is covered with the water absorption layer and the water retention layer which are fiber aggregates, rapid cooling of the soil can be prevented.
実施例
平均繊度１．６デニールで平均繊維長１６ｍｍの漂白された脱脂綿繊維を、カード機で開繊及び集積して、目付１００ｇ／ｍ2の繊維ウェブを得た。この繊維ウェブを、ベルトコンベアに乗せて、２ｍ／分の搬送速度で搬送しながら、パンチ密度２４回／ｃｍ2でニードルパンチを施して、吸水層を得た。一方、平均繊度１．６デニールで平均繊維長１６ｍｍの未脱脂綿繊維を、カード機で開繊及び集積して、目付１００ｇ／ｍ2の繊維ウェブを得た。この繊維ウェブを、ベルトコンベアに乗せて、２ｍ／分の搬送速度で搬送しながら、パンチ密度２４回／ｃｍ2でニードルパンチを施して、保水層を得た。この後、吸水層と保水層とを積層した積層シートを、ベルトコンベアに乗せて、２ｍ／分の搬送速度で搬送しながら、パンチ密度２４回／ｃｍ2でニードルパンチを施して、農業用マルチシートを得た。
Bleached cotton fibers having an average fiber length of 16mm in Example average fineness 1.6 denier, by spreading and integrated in the card machine to obtain a fiber web having a basis weight 100 g / m 2. The fiber web was placed on a belt conveyor and needle-punched at a punch density of 24 times / cm 2 while being conveyed at a conveyance speed of 2 m / min to obtain a water absorption layer. On the other hand, unabsorbed cotton fibers having an average fineness of 1.6 denier and an average fiber length of 16 mm were opened and accumulated by a card machine to obtain a fiber web having a basis weight of 100 g / m 2 . The fiber web was placed on a belt conveyor and needle punched at a punch density of 24 times / cm 2 while being conveyed at a conveyance speed of 2 m / min to obtain a water retention layer. Thereafter, the laminated sheet by laminating a water-absorbing layer and the moisture-holding layer, placed on a conveyor belt, while a feeding rate of 2m / min, needle-punched at a punching density of 24 times / cm 2, agricultural multi A sheet was obtained.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004010670A JP4288187B2 (en) | 2004-01-19 | 2004-01-19 | Agricultural multi-sheet laying method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004010670A JP4288187B2 (en) | 2004-01-19 | 2004-01-19 | Agricultural multi-sheet laying method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2005198617A true JP2005198617A (en) | 2005-07-28 |
| JP4288187B2 JP4288187B2 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
Family
ID=34823327
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004010670A Expired - Lifetime JP4288187B2 (en) | 2004-01-19 | 2004-01-19 | Agricultural multi-sheet laying method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4288187B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009050219A (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2009-03-12 | Unitika Technos:Kk | Mulching sheet for planting |
| US8322070B2 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2012-12-04 | Marusan Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method for producing a mulching sheet for agriculture |
| JP2019103417A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-27 | 株式会社オメガ | Liane plant growth sheet and use method |
| WO2023120440A1 (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-29 | Ｋａｐｏｋ Ｊａｐａｎ株式会社 | Biodegradable padding |
-
2004
- 2004-01-19 JP JP2004010670A patent/JP4288187B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009050219A (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2009-03-12 | Unitika Technos:Kk | Mulching sheet for planting |
| US8322070B2 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2012-12-04 | Marusan Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method for producing a mulching sheet for agriculture |
| JP2019103417A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-27 | 株式会社オメガ | Liane plant growth sheet and use method |
| WO2023120440A1 (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-29 | Ｋａｐｏｋ Ｊａｐａｎ株式会社 | Biodegradable padding |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4288187B2 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR100249749B1 (en) | Fagami for plant life | |
| US7650715B2 (en) | Plant sheet and manufacturing method for plant sheet | |
| WO2010069592A1 (en) | Super absorber polymer felt and method for the production thereof | |
| US20240139708A1 (en) | Nonwoven hemp hurd-based materials | |
| JP2001320984A (en) | Biodegradable weed preventing sheet and method for preventing germinating/growing of weed using the same | |
| JP4288187B2 (en) | Agricultural multi-sheet laying method | |
| US20030159342A1 (en) | Controlled ripening protective cover for agricultural products | |
| KR100990650B1 (en) | Protective band of a tree for prevention of insect pests | |
| JP2006304609A (en) | Moss-supporting body | |
| KR101157089B1 (en) | Needle punching non-woven fabric for weeding | |
| JP2003061460A (en) | Vegetation mat for slow greening | |
| DE2729405A1 (en) | Flexible plant growing bed base opt. with embedded seed or nutrients - comprises soil or peat layer, water-permeable top foam or paper layer and connecting fibres anchored in the top layer | |
| JP3862342B2 (en) | Water supply mat | |
| JP2987487B2 (en) | Greening method using vegetation mat and vegetation mat | |
| AU2012203383A1 (en) | A horticultural mat | |
| JPH07224430A (en) | Planting mat | |
| JP2009171894A (en) | Lawn vegetation mat and method for producing the same | |
| JP2015107082A (en) | Greening material and soil improvement structure using the same | |
| JP5378824B2 (en) | Water absorption sheet | |
| AU2001247154B2 (en) | Protective cover for agricultural products | |
| JP4137332B2 (en) | Vegetation mat for greening and greening method | |
| JP2005237306A (en) | Carrier of bryophyta plant and method for producing the same | |
| US8322070B2 (en) | Method for producing a mulching sheet for agriculture | |
| English | Geotextiles: a specific application of biofibers | |
| JP2005065634A (en) | Moss-supporting material for greening |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20070108 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20080613 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20080624 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20080825 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20090324 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20090330 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120403 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4288187 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130403 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140403 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |