JP2005195542A - Transient test device and method for engine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow a user to grasp visually a set condition of a control value, when setting the control value for an engine. <P>SOLUTION: The control values used for execution of simulation are graphically displayed time-serially together with an execution result of the simulation. A graph of the control values displayed time-serially is further changed manually by a drag operation on a display screen. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is used for a transient test of an engine (internal combustion engine). In particular, the present invention relates to a transient test method and system for adapting the transient characteristic performance of a diesel engine to a required performance target. The present invention is intended to enable an engine control system that satisfies engine transient performance targets to be constructed in a short time.

  The transient characteristics of the engine are characteristics when the rotational speed and torque are not in a steady state such as a constant state but change with time. For example, it refers to the characteristics of the engine when the vehicle is accelerating or decelerating, or the rotational speed is changing.

  In the conventional engine transient state, engine torque output and output characteristics such as exhaust gas are measured by placing the actual machine in a steady state and measuring the output state of the engine. It was performed by a method of estimating the engine output by replacing it with the characteristics of the state.

  However, the measurement of engine characteristics in a steady state is such that when a control value of a certain engine control factor (eg, fuel injection amount, fuel injection timing, etc.) is changed, a predetermined time (eg, 3 minutes) elapses until the steady state is reached. The control value of one control factor is changed and the control value of one control factor is changed to a steady state and measured after a predetermined time, and then the control value of the control factor is changed again. It took a long time to perform the measurement.

  By the way, in actual vehicle travel, the engine is in an accelerated state or a decelerated state more time, and is less likely to travel in a constant speed state. For this reason, it is important to measure the characteristics of the engine in a transient state. Further, in recent years, the exhaust gas regulation method is not limited by the exhaust gas value in the steady state of the engine so far, but tends to be regulated by the exhaust gas regulation value in the engine transient state. Therefore, it has become important to measure the transient characteristics of the engine and what kind of transient exhaust gas can be obtained by changing which control factor and how.

  By the way, as described above, even in the measurement of the steady characteristic of what kind of output can be obtained in response to the change of the control factor of the engine in the steady state, the control factor increases, and in particular, many of the engine controls are performed by electronic control by the ECU. Because of the control factor, it took a long test time. For example, various electronic control elements related to engine control such as EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) valve control and VGT (Variable Geometry Turbo) control have been added. In transient characteristics measurement, the output data also appears as data that fluctuates in time series with the engine speed and torque itself changing in time series, so the number of control factors increases, and those control factors If it is attempted to measure in a steady state while changing the control value for each one, the test time increases exponentially.

  Therefore, a technique has been proposed in which engine control and the like are evaluated using a simulation that virtually simulates the characteristics of an engine and a vehicle (see Patent Document 1).

In this technology, a virtual vehicle model including an engine is created in a simulator for each vehicle type, and various control inputs such as slot opening and control values of control factors such as a crank angle are input to the vehicle model. Based on the input control value, an attempt is made to estimate an engine rotation speed, a vehicle speed, or an exhaust gas temperature sensor value as an output of a virtual vehicle model.
JP-A-11-326135

  As described above, when trying to measure steady-state and transient characteristics with an actual machine, the number of engine control factors has increased in recent years, so it takes a long time to obtain test data, which is a bottleneck in engine development. It was.

  In addition, a method of developing a vehicle model including a virtual engine model in a simulator and observing the behavior of the engine using the model is useful in that the time required for engine development can be shortened. However, the above-mentioned known document aims to create a simulation model of a vehicle model, and generates a simulation model for the engine transient state phenomenon, thereby evaluating the performance required for the engine transient state. It was not a thing. In addition, there is a problem of poor operability in changing the control value of each control factor of the engine corresponding to the transient state and estimating the result.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a transient test apparatus and method capable of shortening the engine transient test time. In addition, the present invention provides a transient test apparatus and method that allow an operator to visually grasp the set state of the control value when setting the control value of the engine that satisfies the performance target required for the engine in the transient state. The purpose is to provide. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a transient test apparatus and method that can reduce engine development time.

  The first aspect of the present invention is created based on data obtained by operating while changing the value of at least one control factor in a transient state in which the rotation speed or torque of the engine varies with time. A storage unit storing a simulation model for simulating the behavior of the engine in a transient state, and a control given from the virtual ECU as a virtual ECU and a control unit for giving a control value to the virtual engine as a virtual engine Simulation execution means for executing simulation of the virtual engine based on values and outputting the result, display means for displaying the execution result of the simulation, and control value to be given to the simulation model according to the execution result of the simulation By the instruction means for instructing the change of the state and the execution of the simulation. When a result of satisfying the performance targets required for emission is obtained, a transient test device for an engine provided with means for performing the transient test in actual engine with the control value of the virtual ECU.

  Here, the present invention is characterized in that the display means includes means for displaying the control values used for execution of the simulation together with the execution results of the simulation in a time series graph.

  That is, in the transient test apparatus of the present invention, the operator can visually recognize the correspondence between the execution result and the control value by displaying the simulation execution result and the control value used for executing the simulation in a time series graph. Can be easily grasped.

  Furthermore, the instruction means may include means for manually changing a graph of control values displayed in time series by the graph display means by a drag operation on a display screen.

  As a result, the operator can change the control value while visually grasping the correspondence between the simulation execution result and the control value. Therefore, it is possible to experimentally recognize the correspondence between how the control value is changed and how the simulation execution result is changed, which results in satisfying the performance target required for the engine in the transient state. Can be easily obtained in a short time.

  The second aspect of the present invention is created on the basis of data obtained by operating while changing the value of at least one control factor in a transient state in which the rotational speed or torque of the engine varies with time. The simulation model for simulating the behavior of the engine in the transient state is a virtual engine, and the virtual engine simulation is executed based on the control value given from the virtual ECU with the control means for giving the virtual engine a control value as the virtual ECU. The step of outputting the result, the step of displaying the execution result of the simulation, the step of instructing the change of the control value given to the simulation model according to the execution result of the simulation, and the execution of the simulation, If the results meet the performance goals required for the engine in a transient state, An engine transient test method for performing and performing transient test in actual engine with the control value of the virtual ECU.

  Here, the present invention is characterized in that, as the displaying step, a step of displaying the control values used for executing the simulation together with the execution result of the simulation in a graph in time series is executed.

  Further, as the instructing step, a step of manually changing the graph of the control value displayed in time series by the step of displaying the graph by a drag operation on the display screen can be executed.

  A third aspect of the present invention is a simulation method, and the feature of the present invention is that the value of at least one control factor is set in a transient state in which the engine speed or torque varies with time. A step of storing a simulation model that simulates the behavior of the engine in a transient state created based on data obtained by changing the operation, and a current state for operating the simulation model set in the virtual ECU A graph of the control values in a time series, a step of executing a simulation using the simulation model using the control values, a step of displaying the simulation execution results, and a target value together with the simulation execution results And the evaluation of the simulation execution result for the target value fails. The Rutoki there is to be executed and a step of accepting a change of the control value to change the current control value.

  A fourth aspect of the present invention is a program that, when installed in an information processing apparatus, causes the information processing apparatus to realize functions corresponding to the functions of the virtual ECU, the transient engine model, and the control value correction unit, A feature of the present invention is that, as a function corresponding to the transient engine model, operation is performed by changing the value of at least one control factor in a transient state in which the rotational speed or torque of the engine varies with time. A function for storing a simulation model for simulating the behavior of the engine in a transient state created based on the data obtained by performing is realized, and a function corresponding to the control value correction unit is set in the virtual ECU A function of displaying the current control values for operating the simulation model in a time series graph, and using the control values, A function that displays the simulation execution result, a function that displays the target value in parallel with the simulation execution result, and a function that accepts a change in the control value and changes the current control value It is in place to let you.

  A fifth aspect of the present invention is the information processing apparatus-readable recording medium on which the program of the present invention is recorded. By recording the program of the present invention on the recording medium of the present invention, the information processing apparatus can install the program of the present invention using this recording medium. Alternatively, the program of the present invention can be directly installed on the information processing apparatus via a network from a server holding the program of the present invention.

  As a result, a general-purpose information processing device can be used to perform a transient test in the transient state without replacing the steady-state test data. When setting engine control values that can be acquired and satisfy performance targets, the operator can visually grasp the setting status of the control values, so the engine development time can be shortened and the product development time can be reduced. Can be realized.

  In the present invention, the transient test can be performed in the transient state without replacing the steady-state test data, and the engine control value that satisfies the performance target can be acquired in a short time. Further, when setting the control value of the engine that satisfies the performance target, the operator can visually grasp the setting state of the control value. According to the present invention, the engine development time can be shortened, and the product development time can be shortened.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are diagrams for explaining the overall steps of transient engine performance adaptation. 1 is an actual machine transient test apparatus, 11 is an ECU (actual machine), 12 is an engine (actual machine) controlled by the ECU 11, 13 is a rotation detector that detects the rotational speed and torque of the crankshaft of the engine 12, Reference numeral 14 denotes a measuring unit that measures the rotational speed output from the rotation detector 13 and the exhaust gas, smoke, and the like (fuel consumption, etc.) of the engine 12. Reference numeral 1 denotes a virtual engine test apparatus which is a feature of the present invention, 2 is a model creation unit, 3 is a virtual ECU, 4 is a control value correction unit, and 5 is a transient engine model. Reference numeral 6 denotes an operator terminal used by an operator who performs the transient test.

  In other words, as shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the present invention is obtained by performing operation while changing the value of at least one control factor in a transient state in which the rotational speed or torque of the engine varies with time. A transient engine model 5 in which a simulation model for simulating the behavior of the engine in a transient state created based on the data is stored, and the simulation model is a virtual engine, and a control means for giving a control value to the virtual engine is a virtual ECU 3 As a simulation execution means for executing a simulation of a virtual engine based on a control value given from the virtual ECU 3 and outputting the result, the simulation execution result is displayed and the simulation execution result is displayed. Operator terminal for instructing change of control value given to the simulation model according to The control value correction unit 4 performs a transient test on the actual engine using the control value of the virtual ECU 3 when a result satisfying the performance target required for the engine in the transient state is obtained by executing the simulation. It is an engine transient test device that transfers control values to the ECU 11 for performing.

  Here, the feature of this embodiment is that, as shown in FIG. 5, the operator terminal 6 includes means for displaying the control values used for executing the simulation together with the execution results of the simulation in a time-series graph. It is in place.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the operator terminal 6 includes means for manually changing a graph of control values displayed in time series by the means for displaying the graph by a drag operation on the display screen.

  In the example of FIG. 6, the range to be changed is specified in the horizontal axis direction of the screen with respect to the graph of the current control value (FIG. 6A). This range designation is performed by dragging the pointer on the screen in the horizontal axis direction by operating the mouse (FIG. 6B). Subsequently, the increase / decrease width to be changed is designated in the vertical axis direction of the screen. This increase / decrease width designation is performed by dragging the pointer on the screen in the vertical axis direction by a mouse operation (FIG. 6C).

  Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, operation is performed by changing the value of at least one control factor in a transient state in which the rotational speed or torque of the engine varies with time. A step (S1, S2, S4) of creating a simulation model for simulating the behavior of the engine in a transient state created based on the obtained data, and using the simulation model as a virtual engine, a control value is given to this virtual engine. A step of executing a simulation of the virtual engine based on a control value given from the virtual ECU 3 with the control means as a virtual ECU 3 and outputting the result (S5); a step of displaying the result of the simulation (S53); Instructing change of control value to be given to the simulation model according to the execution result of the simulation (S56) And when the simulation results in satisfying the performance target required for the engine in the transient state, a step (S1) of performing a transient test on the actual engine using the control value of the virtual ECU is executed. The engine transient test method.

  Here, the present embodiment is characterized in that, as the step of displaying, the control values used for executing the simulation together with the execution result of the simulation are displayed in a time series graph (S51, S53). There is a place to do.

  Further, as the instructing step, a step of manually changing the control value graph displayed in time series by the graph displaying step by a drag operation on the display screen is executed.

  Further, a step (S3) of confirming whether a required transient performance target is satisfied by performing a transient test by giving a control value obtained by the transient model to an actual engine of the engine, and a request by the confirming step. When the transient performance target to be performed is satisfied, the control software for the control circuit for controlling the engine is created (S6).

  The simulation method of the present embodiment will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 3, the simulation method is obtained by changing the value of at least one control factor in a transient state in which the engine speed or torque varies. A step (S50) of storing a simulation model that simulates the behavior of the engine in the transient state created based on the obtained data, and a current control value for operating the simulation model set in the virtual ECU 3 in time series A step (S51) for graphically displaying, a step (S52) for executing a simulation with the simulation model using the control value, a step (S53) for displaying the simulation execution result, and a target together with the simulation execution result A step of displaying values in parallel (S54), and the simulation for the target value The down execution result evaluation and executes the step (S55, S56) for changing the current control value is accepted to change the control value when a failure.

  Moreover, the simulation method of a present Example is realizable with a general purpose information processing apparatus. That is, the present embodiment is a program that, when installed in an information processing apparatus, causes the information processing apparatus to realize functions corresponding to the functions of the virtual ECU 3, the transient engine model 5, and the control value correction unit 4. As a function corresponding to the engine model 5, the engine in the transient state created based on the data obtained by operating by changing the value of at least one control factor in the transient state in which the rotational speed or torque of the engine varies. As a function corresponding to the control value correction unit 4, the current control value for operating the simulation model set in the virtual ECU 3 is time-sequentially realized. A function for displaying a graph, a function for executing simulation using the simulation model using the control value, and a A function for displaying the simulation execution result, a function for displaying the target value in parallel with the simulation execution result, and if the evaluation of the simulation execution result for the target value is unsuccessful, the control value change is accepted and the current control is received. It is a program characterized by realizing a function of changing a value.

  This program is recorded in a recording medium and installed in the information processing apparatus, or installed in the information processing apparatus via a communication line, so that the information processing apparatus includes the virtual ECU 3, the control value correction unit 4, the transient engine model. 5 can be realized.

  Here, an example of data acquisition in a transient state will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, a transient operation is performed in which the rotation speed (one-dot chain line) and the torque (solid line) change in units of seconds. At this time, the control factor of the ECU 11 is given to the engine 12 as shown by a broken line. FIG. 5 shows a graph in which these rotational speed, torque, and control factor are recorded and displayed. Further, when there is a delay between the change in the control factor and the change in the rotation speed and torque, this can be corrected and recorded and displayed. Thereby, the change of the rotational speed and the torque corresponding to the change of the control factor can be clearly shown.

  Further, the actual machine transient test apparatus 10 and the virtual engine test apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 do not need to be provided adjacent to each other. For example, the actual machine transient test apparatus 10 and the virtual engine test apparatus 1 are connected using a LAN. Also good. Furthermore, it is not necessary to provide the virtual engine test apparatus 1 and the operator terminal 6 adjacent to each other, and these can also be connected using a LAN.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The actual machine transient test apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 measures transient characteristics using an actual engine. FIG. 5 shows the measurement results of the transient characteristics using an actual engine. In this example, the gram of NOx per hour (g / h) and the gram of smoke per second (g / s) were plotted on the vertical axis, and time was plotted on the horizontal axis. In addition, the EGR control value and the VGT control value in this state are plotted on the vertical axis, and time is plotted on the horizontal axis. In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, these measurements are performed by the measurement unit 14 of the actual machine transient test apparatus 10. 2 corresponds to the actual machine transient test (step S1) and data acquisition (step S2).

  Next, model creation is performed. In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, this is performed by the model creation unit 2 of the virtual engine test apparatus 1. Moreover, in the flowchart shown in FIG. 2, it corresponds to model creation (step S4). In the initial stage of model creation, the actual measurement result of the actual machine is replaced with the model as it is, so that the model is created based on the transient characteristic measurement result shown in FIG. This model is created as the transient engine model 5 and the virtual ECU 3.

  Subsequently, a simulation is performed on the model. In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the control value correction unit 4 of the virtual engine test apparatus 1 performs this. Further, in the flowchart shown in FIG. 2, this corresponds to simulation execution (step S5), and corresponds to steps S50 to S54 in the flowchart shown in FIG. FIG. 7 shows target values (broken lines) for virtual measured values (solid lines) of NOx and smoke, respectively. In FIG. 7, since the difference between the virtual measured value and the target value is not within the allowable range, the result of the evaluation (step S55) is NG.

  Subsequently, the control value is corrected so that the virtual measured value approaches the target value. In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the control value correction unit 4 of the virtual engine test apparatus 1 performs this. Moreover, in the flowchart shown in FIG. 3, it corresponds to step S56. FIG. 8 shows the control value before correction (solid line) and after correction (broken line). This correction is performed by an operator.

  In this embodiment, as described with reference to FIG. 6, the control value is changed while visually confirming the change in the graph shape by dragging the control value displayed on the display screen with the mouse. As another example, the control value itself may be changed by the operator terminal 6.

  The control value thus changed is again given to the virtual ECU 3 to execute a simulation (S5). As a result of the evaluation (S56), when the difference between the virtual measured value and the target value falls within the allowable range, the corrected control value is input to the ECU 11 of the actual machine transient test apparatus 10. As a result, the actual engine is controlled by the corrected control value.

  Then, steps S1, S2, and S3 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 2 are executed. As a result, steps S1 to S5 are repeatedly executed until the actually measured value and the target value fall within the allowable range. When the measured value and the target value are within the allowable range by the evaluation in step S3, the actual ECU control software is created. In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the control value correction unit 4 of the virtual engine test apparatus 1 performs this. Moreover, in the flowchart shown in FIG. 2, it is corresponded to real machine ECU control software preparation (step S6). Thereby, it is possible to create a control value in which the actually measured value and the target value fall within the allowable range in a short time.

  If there is a delay between the change in the control value and the simulation execution result, this delay can be corrected. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of delay correction. A test pattern is inserted in order to intentionally disturb the EGR control value. The influence of this disturbance becomes a noticeable change in the amount of smoke and appears after time t. As a result, there is a delay of t time between the EGR control value and the smoke amount, so that the simulation execution result and the control value are associated in time series by correcting and displaying this. be able to. The delay between the other simulation execution results and the control value can be similarly corrected.

  In the present embodiment, the EGR control value and the VGT control value are described as examples of the control factor, but other control factors can be described in the same manner. For example, FIG. 10 shows a control value of the fuel injection amount corresponding to the transient state of NOx and smoke shown in FIG.

  In the present invention, the transient test can be performed in the transient state without replacing the steady-state test data, and the engine control value that satisfies the performance target can be acquired in a short time. Further, when setting the control value of the engine that satisfies the performance target, the operator can visually grasp the setting state of the control value. According to the present invention, the engine development time can be shortened, and the product development time can be shortened.

The figure which shows the system configuration | structure of a present Example. The flowchart which shows the operation | movement of a present Example. The flowchart which shows the simulation operation | movement of a present Example. The figure for demonstrating the example of data acquisition in a transient state. The figure which shows the actual value of the real machine transient test of a present Example. The figure for demonstrating the procedure of the control value change of a present Example. The figure which shows the virtual measured value and target value of a present Example. The figure which shows the present control value and target control value of a present Example. The figure which shows the Example which correct | amends the delay of the execution result of a simulation, and a control value. The figure which shows the example at the time of taking fuel injection quantity as a control factor.

Explanation of symbols

1 Virtual engine test device 2 Model creation unit 3 Virtual ECU
4 Control Value Correction Unit 5 Transient Engine Model 6 Operator Terminal 10 Actual Machine Transient Test Device 11 ECU
12 Engine 13 Rotation detector 14 Measuring unit

Claims (7)

The behavior of the engine in the transient state created based on the data obtained by changing the value of at least one control factor in the transient state in which the engine speed or torque varies with time. Storage means for storing a simulation model to be simulated;
Simulation execution means for executing simulation of the virtual engine based on the control value given from the virtual ECU and outputting the result, using the simulation model as a virtual engine and a control means for giving a control value to the virtual engine as a virtual ECU When,
Display means for displaying the execution result of the simulation;
Instructing means for instructing change of a control value to be given to the simulation model according to the execution result of the simulation;
When a result satisfying the performance target required for the engine in the transient state is obtained by executing the simulation, the engine transient test includes means for performing a transient test on the actual engine using the control value of the virtual ECU. A device,
The engine includes a means for displaying a graph of a control value used for execution of the simulation together with the execution result of the simulation in a time series graph.   2. The engine transient test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said instruction means includes means for manually changing a graph of control values displayed in time series by said graph display means by a drag operation on a display screen. The behavior of the engine in the transient state created based on the data obtained by changing the value of at least one control factor in the transient state in which the rotational speed or torque of the engine varies with time. The simulation model to be simulated is a virtual engine, the control means for giving a control value to the virtual engine is a virtual ECU, the virtual engine is simulated based on the control value given from the virtual ECU, and the result is output; ,
A step of displaying the execution result of this simulation;
Instructing to change the control value to be given to the simulation model according to the execution result of the simulation;
When a result satisfying the performance target required for the engine in the transient state is obtained by executing the simulation, a step of performing a transient test on the actual engine using the control value of the virtual ECU is executed. A method,
As the step of displaying, a step of displaying a graph of the control values used for execution of the simulation together with the execution result of the simulation in a time-series graph is executed.   4. The engine transient test method according to claim 3, wherein as the instructing step, a step of manually changing the graph of the control value displayed in time series by the graph displaying step by a drag operation on a display screen is performed. The behavior of the engine in the transient state created based on the data obtained by changing the value of at least one control factor in the transient state in which the engine speed or torque varies with time. Storing a simulation model to be simulated;
Displaying a current control value for operating the simulation model set in the virtual ECU in a time-series graph;
Performing a simulation with the simulation model using the control value;
A step of displaying the simulation execution result;
A step of displaying the target value in parallel with the simulation execution result;
And a step of accepting a change in the control value and changing the current control value when the evaluation of the simulation execution result with respect to the target value is unacceptable. A program that, when installed in an information processing device, causes the information processing device to realize functions corresponding to the functions of the virtual ECU, the transient engine model, and the control value correction unit,
As a function corresponding to the transient engine model, based on data obtained by operating while changing the value of at least one control factor in a transient state in which the rotation speed or torque of the engine varies with time. Realize the function to store the simulation model that simulates the behavior of the created engine in the transient state,
As a function corresponding to the control value correction unit,
A function of displaying the current control value for operating the simulation model set in the virtual ECU in a time-series graph;
A function of executing simulation with the simulation model using the control value;
A function to display the simulation execution result,
A function to display the target value in parallel with the simulation execution result,
A program characterized by realizing a function of accepting a change in control value and changing the current control value.   A recording medium readable by the information processing apparatus on which the program according to claim 6 is recorded.

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