JP2005193773A - Rolling stock - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rolling stock capable of realizing the high-speed traveling on a curved track and enhancing the ride quality when traveling on the curved track by complementing various kinds of problems while taking advantage of a natural pendulum mechanism and an air spring. <P>SOLUTION: The rolling stock 1 comprises a truck 2 and a rolling stock body 10 disposed on the truck 2, and further comprises a natural pendulum mechanism (a roller 7 and a pendulum beam 8) to realize the natural pendulum motion at the right and left sides of the rolling stock body 10 across the predetermined center C of rotation of the pendulum by utilizing the centrifugal force applied to the center G of gravity of the rolling stock body 10 when the rolling stock is traveling on a curved track, and a forcible inclination means using an air spring 9 to forcibly incline the rolling stock body 10 in the right-to-left direction. The acceleration in the right-to-left direction generated in the rolling stock body 10 when the rolling stock is traveling on the curved track is canceled and the curve traveling speed is increased by a compound rolling stock body inclining function by the natural pendulum mechanism and the forcible inclination means. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a railway vehicle, and more particularly to a railway vehicle that realizes high-speed traveling on a curved track.

  When the railway vehicle travels on a curved track, a force (centrifugal force) that moves the vehicle body to the outside of the curved track (on the opposite side to the center of curvature) acts, so that lateral acceleration occurs in the vehicle body. Such acceleration in the left-right direction increases in proportion to the square of the increment of the curve traveling speed of the railway vehicle, so that the passenger's sensation centrifugal force increases and the riding comfort decreases as the curve traveling speed increases. There is a problem of end.

  In order to solve such a problem, a technique (hereinafter referred to as “natural pendulum mechanism”) that cancels the lateral acceleration generated in the vehicle body by inclining the vehicle body inward like a pendulum with respect to the carriage constituting the railway vehicle. ) Has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

In recent years, the acceleration parallel to the floor of the vehicle body is detected, the vehicle body inclination angle is calculated so that the detected acceleration becomes zero, and an air spring or the like is installed so as to realize the calculated inclination angle. There has also been proposed a technique for forcibly tilting the vehicle body (hereinafter referred to as “forced tilt mechanism”) (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
Japanese Patent No. 3194981 (2nd page, FIG. 8) Japanese Patent No. 2948806 (page 3, Fig. 2)

  By the way, in order to employ the natural pendulum mechanism described in Patent Document 1 to greatly tilt the vehicle body, it is necessary to lower the position of the center of gravity of the vehicle body. However, if a structure in which the vehicle body tilts greatly by lowering the center of gravity of the vehicle body is adopted, the passenger's sensation centrifugal force will be reduced, but the passenger's head will be greatly swung left and right, and the ride comfort will be reduced. There is a case.

  Moreover, when the natural pendulum mechanism described in Patent Document 1 is adopted, it is possible to reduce the passenger's sensation centrifugal force while increasing the curve traveling speed of the railway vehicle. However, even if this natural pendulum mechanism is adopted, the centrifugal force acting on the entire vehicle body cannot be reduced, so that the wheel load on the inner track side increases as the curve traveling speed of the railway vehicle increases. For this reason, there is a high possibility of wheel removal during high-speed traveling, and there is a problem in safety.

  Further, when the vehicle body is largely inclined by adopting the natural pendulum mechanism described in Patent Document 1, the left and right portions of the vehicle body protrude excessively outward when traveling on a curved track and are provided outside the track. There is a risk of contact. If the left and right portions of the lower part of the vehicle body are shaved for the purpose of preventing such a situation, there is a problem that the interior space is narrowed.

  In addition, when the forced tilt mechanism described in Patent Document 2 is adopted, theoretically, it is possible to realize both an increase in the traveling speed of a curved line of a railway vehicle and an improvement in riding comfort by reducing a passenger's bodily sensation centrifugal force. Is possible. However, since the inclination angle of the vehicle body by the existing air spring is limited to about 3 °, it is practically difficult to realize an inclination angle in which the acceleration parallel to the floor surface of the vehicle body becomes zero. It was.

  An object of the present invention is to realize a high-speed traveling on a curved track and complement the riding comfort in a curved track by making use of the advantages of a natural pendulum mechanism and an air spring in a railway vehicle. It is to improve.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1
In a railway vehicle having a carriage and a vehicle body disposed above the carriage,
A natural pendulum mechanism that realizes a natural pendulum motion on the left and right of the vehicle body about a predetermined pendulum rotation center using a centrifugal force that acts on the center of gravity of the vehicle body when traveling on a curved track,
Air spring type forced tilting means for forcibly tilting the vehicle body to the left and right;
With
The vehicle body tilting function using the natural pendulum mechanism and the forced tilting means cancels the lateral acceleration generated in the vehicle body when traveling on a curved track and increases the curve traveling speed.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the natural pendulum mechanism realizes the natural pendulum motion of the vehicle body around the predetermined pendulum rotation center by utilizing the centrifugal force acting on the center of gravity of the vehicle body when traveling on a curved track. be able to. Further, the vehicle body can be forcibly tilted left and right by the air spring type forced tilting means.

  Accordingly, the natural pendulum mechanism can tilt the vehicle body relatively large (for example, about 5 ° to about 8 °), so that a relatively small inclination angle (about 1 ° to about 3 ° by the air spring type forced inclination means is used. ) Can be supplemented. On the other hand, since the vehicle body can be tilted by the air spring type forced tilting means, there is a problem in obtaining a large tilt angle using only the natural pendulum mechanism (ie, the passenger's head Is greatly swung from side to side and wheel weight loss on the inner track side) can be solved.

  Such a complex and mutually complementary vehicle body tilt function using a natural pendulum mechanism and forced tilting means can negate the lateral acceleration generated in the vehicle body when traveling on a curved track and increase the curve traveling speed. The increase in passenger's bodily sensation centrifugal force can be suppressed, and the ride comfort can be significantly improved. In other words, it is possible to increase the curve traveling speed while maintaining the same riding comfort as in the prior art.

The invention according to claim 2 is the railway vehicle according to claim 1,
A natural inclination angle limiting means for limiting the right and left inclination angles of the vehicle body by the natural pendulum mechanism to a specific finite value or less is provided.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the natural tilt angle limiting means for limiting the left and right tilt angles of the vehicle body by the natural pendulum mechanism to a specific finite value or less is provided, the centrifugal force acting on the entire vehicle body is suppressed and removed. The ring can be blocked. Therefore, safety during high-speed traveling can be improved.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the right and left inclination angles of the vehicle body during the curved track traveling are restricted by the natural inclination angle limiting means, so that the left and right portions of the lower portion of the vehicle body are outward when the curved track is traveling. It does not protrude excessively. Therefore, it is not necessary to cut the left and right parts at the lower part of the vehicle body, so that a wide interior space can be secured.

The invention according to claim 3 is the railway vehicle according to claim 2,
The natural inclination angle limiting means is:
The left and right inclination angle of the vehicle body by the natural pendulum mechanism is limited to about 8 ° or less.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the natural inclination angle limiting means limits the horizontal inclination angle of the vehicle body by the natural pendulum mechanism to about 8 ° or less (that is, the specific finite value is set to about 8 °). To do). If the tilt angle of the vehicle body by the natural pendulum mechanism exceeds about 8 °, the centrifugal force acting on the entire vehicle body increases and the possibility of wheel removal increases, but the tilt angle of the vehicle body is reduced to about 8 ° or less. By limiting, the possibility of wheel removal can be reduced, and the safety during high-speed traveling can be significantly improved.

  According to the present invention, the synergistic effect of the vehicle body tilting function by the natural pendulum mechanism and the vehicle body tilting function by the air spring type forced tilting means realizes high speed traveling on a curved track and ride comfort during curved track traveling. Can be significantly improved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, the configuration of the railway vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The railway vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment is configured to travel at a high speed on a curved track.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (a), a railway vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment includes a carriage 2, an axle 4 provided at the lower portion of the carriage 2 via a spring 3, and a curved track attached to the axle 4. A pair of left and right wheels 5 traveling on the rail R constituting the rail, a pair of left and right brackets 6 provided on the upper surface of the carriage 2, a roller 7 rotatably provided on each bracket 6 via a support shaft, and above the rollers 7 2, a pair of left and right air springs 9 provided on the upper surface of the pendulum beam 8, a vehicle body 10 provided above the air springs 9, an air cylinder device that connects the carriage 2 and the pendulum beam 8. 11, a control device (not shown) for adjusting the timing of supplying / discharging compressed air to / from the air spring 9 and controlling the air cylinder device 11 is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the pendulum beam 8 has a downwardly projecting arc portion 8 a, and the arc portion 8 a is configured to contact the roller 7 and move in the left-right direction. For this reason, the pendulum beam 8 and the air spring 9 and the vehicle body 10 provided above the pendulum beam 8 are subjected to centrifugal force acting on the center of gravity G of the vehicle body 10 when the railway vehicle 1 travels on a curved track. As shown in FIG. 1B, a natural pendulum motion in the left-right direction around the pendulum rotation center C is performed. That is, the roller 7 and the pendulum beam 8 constitute a natural pendulum mechanism in the present invention.

  The air spring 9 is connected to the air tank via a solenoid valve (not shown). When the solenoid valve is driven to open and close by the control device described above, supply of compressed air to the air spring 9 and discharge of compressed air from the air spring 9 are performed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1C, the vertical dimension of the air spring 9 is changed, so that the vehicle body 10 is forcibly tilted left and right. That is, the air spring 9 and the electromagnetic valve are the forced tilting means in the present invention. Note that the air spring 9 according to the present embodiment is configured such that the vehicle body 10 can be tilted at a maximum of about 3 ° to the left or right.

  The air cylinder device 11 is controlled by a control device so as to limit the lateral movement range of the pendulum beam 8 constituting the natural pendulum mechanism. Although the vehicle body 10 is inclined to the left or right side by the natural pendulum movement of the pendulum beam 8, the movement range of the pendulum beam 8 in the left-right direction is limited by driving the air cylinder device 11. The inclination angle is limited to a specific finite value. That is, the air cylinder device 11 and the control device are natural tilt angle limiting means in the present invention. In the present embodiment, the upper limit (specific finite value) of the inclination angle of the vehicle body 10 by the natural pendulum mechanism is set to about 8 °.

  The control device includes a memory storing various control programs and control data, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and the like. When the inclination angle sensor (not shown) detects that the inclination angle of the vehicle body 10 by the natural pendulum mechanism has reached about 8 °, the control device receives the detection signal and drives the air cylinder device 11. Stop the natural pendulum movement. Thereafter, the control device forcibly tilts the vehicle body 10 by driving the electromagnetic valve and supplying compressed air to the air spring 9.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, a description will be given of the composite vehicle body tilting operation during traveling on the curved track of the railway vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment.

  First, the railway vehicle 1 is placed on a predetermined track having a curved track, and travels on the track at a predetermined speed. When the railway vehicle 1 enters a curved track (see FIG. 1A), centrifugal force to the outside of the curved track (right direction in FIG. 1) acts on the center of gravity G of the vehicle body 10. Then, the centrifugal force causes the pendulum beam 8 of the railway vehicle 1 to move rightward on the roller 7, so that the air spring 9 and the vehicle body 10 provided above the pendulum beam 8 are integrated with the pendulum beam 8. As a result, the vehicle body 10 is tilted inward (see FIG. 1B).

  When the tilt angle sensor detects that the tilt angle of the vehicle body 10 has reached about 8 °, the control device of the railway vehicle 1 drives the air cylinder device 11 to stop the natural pendulum motion. Then, by driving the electromagnetic valve and supplying compressed air to the air spring 9, the vehicle body 10 is forcibly inclined further by about 1 ° to about 3 ° (see FIG. 1C). That is, the tilt angle of the vehicle body 10 is about 9 ° to about 11 ° by a complex vehicle body tilting operation by the natural pendulum mechanism (roller 7 and pendulum beam 8) and the forced tilting means (air spring 9 and solenoid valve). .

When the vehicle body 10 is inclined by about 9 ° to about 11 ° using only the natural pendulum mechanism, the center of gravity G is about 9 ° to about the pendulum rotation center C from the position G _{0 as} shown in FIG. Turn about 11 ° and move to position G ₁ . At this time, the straight line connecting the pendulum rotation center C and the center of gravity G moves from the position L ₀ to the position L ₁ as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, like the railway vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment, the body 10 is tilted by about 8 ° using the natural pendulum mechanism and then the body 10 is tilted by about 1 ° to about 3 ° using the air spring 9. When tilting, the center of gravity G moves from position G ₀ to position G ₂ as shown in FIG. Further, the straight line including the pendulum rotation center C and the center of gravity G moves from the position L ₀ to the position L ₂ as shown in FIG.

  Therefore, when a complex vehicle body tilting method such as the railway vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment is adopted, the center of gravity G is compared with the case where the vehicle body 10 is tilted by about 9 ° to about 11 ° using only the natural pendulum mechanism. Less movement. This fact means that the shaking experienced by the passenger is reduced.

  In the railway vehicle 1 according to the embodiment described above, the natural pendulum mechanism (roller 7 and pendulum beam 8) uses the centrifugal force that acts on the center of gravity G of the vehicle body 10 when traveling on a curved track to perform predetermined pendulum rotation. Natural pendulum motion of the vehicle body 10 about the center C can be realized. Further, the vehicle body 10 can be forcibly tilted left and right by the forced tilting means using the air spring 9.

  Therefore, since the vehicle body 10 can be inclined relatively large by the natural pendulum mechanism, a relatively small inclination angle (about 1 ° to about 3 °) by the forced inclination means using the air spring 9 can be compensated. On the other hand, since the vehicle body 10 can be tilted by the forced tilting means using the air spring 9, there is a problem in obtaining a large tilt angle using only the natural pendulum mechanism (that is, the position of the center of gravity G of the vehicle body 10 is lowered). Thus, it is possible to solve the problem that the passenger's head is greatly swung to the left and right and the wheel load on the inner track side is lost.

  By such a complex and mutually complementary vehicle body tilt function using a natural pendulum mechanism and forced tilting means, the lateral acceleration generated in the vehicle body 10 when traveling on a curved track can be canceled out extremely effectively, An increase in passenger's bodily sensation centrifugal force accompanying the increase can be suppressed, and the riding comfort can be significantly improved. In other words, it is possible to increase the curve traveling speed while maintaining the same riding comfort as in the prior art.

  Further, in the railway vehicle 1 according to the embodiment described above, the natural inclination that restricts the left and right inclination angles of the vehicle body 10 by the natural pendulum mechanism (roller 7 and pendulum beam 8) to a specific finite value (about 8 °) or less. Since the angle limiting means (the air cylinder device 11 and the control device) is provided, the centrifugal force acting on the entire vehicle body 10 can be suppressed to prevent wheel removal. Therefore, safety during high-speed traveling can be improved.

  Further, in a conventional railway vehicle 100 (see FIG. 3) equipped with only a natural pendulum mechanism, when the vehicle body 110 is inclined greatly (for example, about 9 to about 11 °), the left and right portions of the lower portion of the vehicle body 110 are traveled on a curved track. There is a possibility that 111 and the end 121 of the pendulum beam protrude excessively outward and come into contact with equipment provided outside the track. Then, if the left and right portions 111 at the lower part of the vehicle body 110 are cut for the purpose of preventing such a situation, the interior space of the vehicle is reduced.

  On the other hand, in the railway vehicle 1 according to the embodiment described above, the right and left inclination angles of the vehicle body 10 during curved track traveling are restricted by the natural inclination angle restriction means (the air cylinder device 11 and the control device). Therefore, the left and right portions of the lower portion of the vehicle body 10 do not excessively protrude outward when traveling on a curved track (see FIG. 3). Accordingly, there is no need to cut the left and right portions 11 at the lower part of the vehicle body 10, so that a wide interior space can be secured.

  In the above embodiment, the natural pendulum mechanism constituted by the roller 7 and the pendulum beam 8 is adopted, but the configuration of the natural pendulum mechanism is not limited to this. In other words, any configuration may be employed as long as the vehicle body 10 is inclined in the left-right direction by the centrifugal force acting on the center of gravity G of the vehicle body 10 when traveling on a curved track.

  Moreover, in the above embodiment, the natural inclination angle control means comprised of the air cylinder device 11 and the control device is adopted, but the configuration of the natural inclination angle control means is not limited to this. That is, any configuration may be adopted as long as the tilt angle of the vehicle body 10 by the natural pendulum mechanism is limited to a specific finite value.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the example in which the upper limit (specific finite value) of the inclination angle of the vehicle body 10 by the natural pendulum mechanism is set to “about 8 °” by the natural inclination angle control means has been described. The finite value can be appropriately changed according to the type and scale of the railway vehicle 1, the distance from the railway vehicle 1 to the equipment installed outside the curved track, the configuration of the pendulum beam 8, the characteristics of the air spring 9, and the like. it can.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the inclination angle sensor is provided to detect the inclination angle of the vehicle body 10 by the natural pendulum mechanism, and when the inclination angle reaches a specific finite value (about 8 °), the natural pendulum movement is performed. Although a control system is applied in which the vehicle body is tilted by the forced tilting means by supplying compressed air to the air spring 9 while stopping, the control system of the natural pendulum mechanism and the forced tilting means is not limited to this. For example, information related to the curved trajectory can be stored in advance in the memory of the control device, and the information can be read during traveling to determine the stop timing of the natural pendulum motion and the driving timing of the forced tilting means.

(A) is a front view showing the railway vehicle in a state where the vehicle body is not inclined on the curved track, and (b) is a railway vehicle in which the vehicle body is inclined by about 8 ° from the state of (a) by a natural pendulum mechanism. (C) is a front view showing a railway vehicle in a state where the vehicle body is further tilted by about 1 ° to about 3 ° by the forced tilting means from the state of (b). It is explanatory drawing for comparing the gravity center position at the time of performing vehicle body inclination only by a natural pendulum mechanism, and the gravity center position at the time of performing compound vehicle body inclination by a natural pendulum mechanism and a forced inclination means. It is an explanatory view for comparing the posture of a railway vehicle in a state where the vehicle body is tilted by only the natural pendulum mechanism and the posture of the railway vehicle in a state where a complex vehicle body is tilted by the natural pendulum mechanism and the forced tilting means. is there.

Explanation of symbols

1 Railcar 2 Cart 7 Roller (natural pendulum mechanism)
8 Pendulum beam (natural pendulum mechanism)
9 Air spring (forced tilting means)
10 Body 11 Air cylinder device (natural inclination angle limiting means)
C Pendulum rotation center G Center of gravity

Claims (3)

In a railway vehicle having a carriage and a vehicle body disposed above the carriage,
A natural pendulum mechanism that realizes a natural pendulum motion on the left and right of the vehicle body about a predetermined pendulum rotation center using a centrifugal force that acts on the center of gravity of the vehicle body when traveling on a curved track,
Air spring type forced tilting means for forcibly tilting the vehicle body to the left and right;
With
A railway vehicle that increases a curve traveling speed by canceling a lateral acceleration generated in the vehicle body when traveling on a curved track by a combined body tilting function of the natural pendulum mechanism and the forced tilting means.   The railway vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising natural inclination angle limiting means for limiting a right and left inclination angle of the vehicle body by the natural pendulum mechanism to a specific finite value or less. The natural inclination angle limiting means is:
The railway vehicle according to claim 2, wherein a right and left inclination angle of the vehicle body by the natural pendulum mechanism is limited to about 8 ° or less.

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