JP2005177622A - Garbage disposer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage disposer having a disposal tank with an inner face capable of efficiently crushing and decomposing garbage. <P>SOLUTION: This garbage disposer is provided with a disposal part decomposing garbage for disposal, a recovering part recovering the decomposed matter, and a venting part discharging malodor from the disposal part or recovering part. In the inner face of a disposal tank of the disposal part containing garbage, at least the face opposing to a rotation locus of a tip end of a rotating agitator claw provided in the disposal tank is provided with a rough surface consisting of irregularity imparting damage to the disposal object by contact. The rough surface may be composed by laying a rasp-like sheet to simplify manufacturing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a food waste processing apparatus for decomposing general biological waste discharged from food processing sites such as kitchens and food factories at home, and food production sites such as fields such as vegetables. In particular, the present invention relates to a configuration that improves the grinding efficiency of garbage.

As for the garbage processing apparatus which decomposes | disassembles garbage, various apparatuses are already distribute | circulating in the market.
For example, a kitchen waste fermentation processing apparatus including a processing unit for fermenting raw garbage, a recovery unit for recovering a fermented processed product, and a deodorizing exhaust unit for deodorizing and exhausting odors from the processing unit is provided. Are known.
In this kind of garbage processing apparatus, the garbage is first thrown into the fermentation tank of the processing unit together with fermentation promoting materials such as fermentation bacteria. The input garbage is stirred by a rotating stirring claw equipped in the fermentation treatment tank, and fermentation ripening is promoted. The fermented processed product is stored in the processed product recovery unit of the recovery unit. The final processed product is reused as fertilizer.

The processing tank into which the garbage is thrown is provided with a rotating stirring claw, whereby the garbage is agitated and pulverized.
However, since the inner surface of the conventional treatment tank is smooth, even if the garbage is pressed by the stirring claws, it slides and cannot be efficiently pulverized.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the garbage processing apparatus which has a processing tank provided with the inner surface which can grind | pulverize and decompose garbage efficiently.

In order to achieve the above object, a garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention comprises the following arrangement.
That is, in a garbage processing apparatus including a processing unit that decomposes and processes garbage, a recovery unit that recovers the decomposed processed material, and an exhaust unit that exhausts odors from the processing unit or the recovery unit From the substantially uneven surface that damages the processed material by contact with at least the inner surface of the processing tank of the processing unit that accommodates garbage, at least on the surface facing the rotation trajectory of the tip of the rotating stirring claw provided in the processing tank. A rough surface is provided.

  If the rotation axis of the stirring claw is installed in a substantially horizontal manner, a rough surface is provided at least at the bottom of the substantially U-shaped processing tank corresponding to the rotation trajectory at the tip of the stirring claw. In the case of a processing tank of a type in which the rotation axis is erected substantially vertically, it is preferable to provide a rough surface on the bottom and the side of the substantially cylindrical processing tank corresponding to the rotation trajectory of the tip of the stirring claw.

  Here, the rough surface may be configured by laying a file-like sheet to contribute to the simplification of production.

  According to the present invention, since there is a rough surface having substantially irregularities on the inner surface of the garbage processing tank, it is damaged when the agitated processed material comes into contact with it, and pulverization and decomposition are promoted. In particular, since the processed material positioned between the tip of the rotary stirring claw and the inner surface of the processing tank is rubbed against the rough surface of the processing tank, it contributes to a more efficient decomposition process.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The present invention provides an arbitrary raw material provided with a processing unit that decomposes and processes garbage, a recovery unit that recovers the decomposed processed product, and an exhaust unit that exhausts odors from the processing unit or the recovery unit. A garbage disposal apparatus can be targeted.
However, in the following, a typical garbage fermentation treatment apparatus will be exemplified and described as a preferred embodiment. Note that the configuration of the present invention can be modified as appropriate without departing from the gist thereof.

Here, the garbage is decomposed by the fermenting bacteria in the processing unit. The treatment method by fermentation has high utility value in terms of continuous operation and cost saving.
However, the method for treating garbage is not limited to fermentation in a narrow sense in which carbohydrates are decomposed by fermenting bacteria, but may be various decompositions involving other microorganisms or decomposition processes in which chemicals are deeper than microorganisms. .

For example, natural microorganisms such as starch, cellulose, and chitin, and microorganisms that degrade synthetic polymers such as polycaprolactone may be mixed in the fermenting bacteria.
Then, a packaging material and a container formed of a degradable plastic made from these polymers are also decomposed.
For this reason, it is possible to throw the garbage into the processing unit and decompose it without having to separate it from the packaging material or the container.

1 to 3 are a partially cutaway front view, a side sectional view, and a partially cutaway rear view, respectively, of a food waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
1. Main part structure The garbage fermentation processing apparatus is provided with a processing part (S), a collection | recovery part (K), and a deodorizing exhaust part (D) at least as the main component.
The processing unit (S) is a part for fermenting and ripening raw garbage, and a recovery unit (K) is a part for recovering the processed product processed by the processing unit (S), and a deodorizing exhaust unit ( D) is a part for deodorizing and exhausting the odor from the processing unit (S) or the recovery unit (K).
The processed product is taken out of the apparatus from the collection unit (K) and reused as fertilizer or the like.

2. Garbage input part This garbage fermentation processing apparatus is a vertically long substantially rectangular parallelepiped in a standing posture, and a flat lid (10) is installed on its upper surface so as to be freely opened and closed. The garbage is thrown in by opening the lid (10), falls freely, and is stored in the processing section (S) immediately below.
The interior (11) of the lid (10) is hollow and filled with a heat insulating material such as foamed resin.

3. Processing part (S)
In the processing unit (S), the raw garbage is agitated by the stirring claw (30) in the treatment tank (20), whereby fermentation and ripening are promoted and processed.
The odor generated during the treatment is sent to the deodorizing exhaust section (D) and deodorized, and then exhausted. The processed product is sent to the recovery unit (K) located under the processing tank (20) and discharged out of the apparatus.

3-1. Treatment tank (20)
In the treatment tank (20), a garbage inlet (20a) is opened facing the upper lid (10), and a bottom (20b) where the garbage is collected is formed in a U shape. The U-shape of the bottom (20b) is for making it respond to the rotation trajectory of the stirring claw (30) as clearly shown in FIG.
A panel heater (22) is stretched over substantially the entire back surface of the bottom of the processing tank (20b), and the room temperature of the processing tank (10) is controlled to be heated. As for room temperature, about 45-50 degreeC is suitable for fermentation ripening.
The treatment tank (10) is a double tank, and a hollow portion (21) is provided between the inner and outer tank walls to achieve heat insulation.

3-2. Stirring nail (30)
A plurality of elongated thin plate-like stirring claws (30) are connected to the treatment tank (20).
The stirring claw (30) is supported through the stirring claw support shaft (31) in a hole provided in the center thereof. The length of the stirring claw (30) is slightly shorter than the diameter of the arc in the U-shape of the treatment tank bottom (20b).
The stirring claw support shaft (31) is horizontally suspended at the center position of the arc of the processing tank bottom (20b) and is driven to rotate.
With this arrangement, the garbage introduced into the treatment tank (20) is crushed steadily between the bottom of the treatment tank (20b) and the tip of the stirring claw (30).
The reason why the garbage is agitated by rotating the stirring claw (30) is that the garbage is crushed while supplying sufficient air to the garbage and promotes heat conduction. Thereby, fermentation ripening and drying of garbage are performed uniformly and at high speed.
The stirring claw support shaft (31) is driven to rotate by receiving the power of the motor (35) through the transmission chain (33).

3-3. Garbage Fermentation Aging Method As described above, garbage is put into the treatment tank (20), subjected to heating by a heater and stirring by a stirring claw (30), fermenting and aging and processing.
In order to ferment raw garbage, fermenting bacteria are required.
Therefore, when the raw garbage is input for the first time or when fermenting bacteria are to be replenished, the auxiliary material to which the fermenting bacteria adhere is introduced into the treatment tank (20). As the auxiliary material, sawdust or zeolite to which an aerobic fermenting bacterium is attached as an inoculum is suitable.
For example, raw garbage is retained in the treatment tank (20) for a predetermined period such as one month, fermented and aged, and then sent to the collection unit (K).
At this time, if a part of the semi-processed garbage is left in the treatment tank (20), the fermentation bacteria are contained therein, so that the garbage can be added continuously and the processing efficiency can be increased. Will improve.

  In order to ferment and ripen raw garbage efficiently and steadily, it is preferable to adjust the environment of the treatment tank (20) or to control stirring by the stirring claw (30).

3-3-1. Environmental adjustment of processing tank (20) Temperature, pH, etc. are mentioned as a parameter which adjusts the room | chamber interior of a processing tank (20) so that it may become an environment where fermentation refuse is easy to mature.
The temperature is controlled by a heater stretched on the back surface of the treatment tank bottom (20b), and the pH is controlled by adding a pH adjusting agent such as lime or rice bran.
In order to improve the activity of the fermenting bacteria, an oxygen generator is added.

3-3-2. Stirring control of the stirring claw (30) The parameters for controlling the stirring operation by the stirring claw (30) include the content and amount of garbage, the moisture content, and the like.
Depending on whether the content of raw garbage is easily fermented, such as meat with high protein content, or difficult to ferment, such as fiber vegetables, the rotation speed and the number of rotations of the stirring claw (30) may be changed. Change to a different stirring claw.
The operation mode can be changed according to the degree of garbage disposal. Examples of the operation mode include a crushing operation in which raw garbage is pulverized to such an extent that it does not liquefy, a fermentation operation in which stirring is performed intermittently for a short time while heating, and an aging operation having a long standing time.

4). Collection unit (K)
The processed product that has been fermented and matured is sent to the recovery unit (K) located below the discharge channel (42) connected to the bottom (20b) of the processing tank.
The recovery unit (K) is provided with a box-shaped processed product recovery device (40) and stores processed products falling from the discharge path (42).
The processed product collector (40) is inserted and installed in a processed product discharge port (41) opened on the surface of the garbage fermentation processing apparatus so that it can be pulled out. Thereby, the processed material filled in the recovery device (40) is discharged out of the apparatus and reused as fertilizer or the like.

5). Deodorization exhaust part (D)
The odor generated during the fermentation and aging treatment is sent to the deodorization exhaust section (D) and deodorized, and then exhausted.
The deodorization exhaust part (D) includes a deodorization case (60) that deodorizes and exhausts odors, and an odor guide duct (50) that communicates the garbage disposal tank (20) with the deodorization case (60).
You may comprise so that the odor guide duct which connects the processed material collection | recovery device (40) of a collection part (K) and a deodorizing case (60) may be attached, and the odor from a collection part (K) may also be deodorized.

5-1. Odor guide duct (50)
A wide exhaust port (51) is provided in the upper part of the garbage disposal tank (20) with a mesh body and a filter (not shown). The upstream end (50a) of the odor guide duct (50) is connected to the exhaust port (51).
An upstream exhaust fan (52) is provided in an upstream portion of the odor guide duct (50), and contributes to air supply from the garbage processing tank (20) to the odor guide duct (50).
As clearly shown in FIG. 3, the cross-sectional area of the odor guide duct (50) decreases as it proceeds downward from the upstream end (50a).
And a downstream end (50b) is connected with the duct connection port (71) of a deodorizing case (60) ceiling wall.

5-2. Deodorization case (60)
The deodorizing case (60) has a horizontally long and substantially box shape, and an exhaust port (81) opens at the other end of the duct connection port (71), which is an end portion to which the downstream end (50b) of the odor guide duct is connected. ing.
The odor flowing from the odor guide duct (50) flows in the deodorizing case (60) from the duct connection port (71) to the exhaust port (81).
A thermal catalyst (76) is disposed at the center of the deodorizing case (60) corresponding to the midstream portion. The deodorizing case (60) is divided into an upstream deodorizing space (70) and a downstream exhaust space (80) with the thermal catalyst (76) as a partition.
In addition, the flat cover (61) which opens a deodorizing case (60) and contributes to cleaning etc. is detachably attached to the surface of a garbage fermentation processing apparatus.

5-2-1. Deodorizing space (70)
The deodorizing space (70) includes a dust storage part (72) for storing the dust flowing in together with the odor from the odor guide duct (50), a deodorizer (75) and a thermal catalyst (76) for deodorizing the odor.

5-2-1-1. Waste storage part (72)
The deodorizing case (60) downstream from the duct connection port (71) has a cross-sectional area in the odor flow path larger than that of the odor guide duct (50).
Therefore, the dust flowing in from the odor guide duct (50) freely falls in the deodorization space (70) as the odor air flow diffuses and decelerates, and enters the dust storage section (72) at the bottom of the deodorization case (60). accumulate.
Since the dust is prevented from flowing out into the exhaust space (80) by the thermal catalyst (76), the dust is reliably retained in the dust storage section (72) on the upstream side and is prevented from being discharged outside the apparatus. The

5-2-1-2. Deodorizer (75)
An ozone generator is attached to the upper part of the upstream side wall of the deodorizing space (70) as a deodorizer (75) for deodorizing odors.
At the bottom of the deodorizing case (60) in the vicinity of the ozone generator (75), an outside air inflow path forming plate (73) stands up to the vicinity of the ceiling wall of the deodorizing case (60). An outside air inlet (74) is opened in the side wall of the deodorizing case (60) near the lower part of the ozone generator (75).
Therefore, the outside air flowing in from the outside air inlet (74) rises in the space between the side wall of the deodorizing case (60) and the outside air inflow path forming plate (73), and passes through the vicinity of the ozone generator (75). After ozone is mixed, it is sent to the lower part of the downstream duct connection port (71).
Here, the odor flowing from the duct connection port (71) is deodorized by ozone.

5-2-1-3. Thermal catalyst (76)
The residual odor stream deodorized with ozone in the deodorizing space (70) passes through the thermal catalyst (76) and is sent to the exhaust space (80).
As the thermal catalyst (76), a powder obtained by firing iron oxide and manganese oxide powder into a honeycomb having a large surface area can be used. Residual odor comes into contact with the honeycomb and is oxidized and deodorized.
The thermal catalyst (76) is heated to about 200 ° C., which functions at a high rate.
Since ozone is reduced to oxygen when the odor is oxidized, it is prevented from flowing out into the exhaust space (80) and being discharged out of the apparatus.

As a means for heating the thermal catalyst (76), as shown in FIG. 3, a heater is attached as a heating element (77).
The heating element (77) is disposed slightly below the upstream side of the thermal catalyst (76). When such a heating element (77) is used, the thermal catalyst (76) can be effectively heated with a simple and inexpensive configuration.
The heating element (77) is bent in a plane, such as U-shaped, W-shaped, or spiral, and is placed facing the thermal catalyst (76), thereby increasing the heat radiation area and efficient heating. You may make it contribute.
The temperature sensors (77s) (76s) that contribute to the temperature control of the heating element (77) and the thermal catalyst (76) are installed in the vicinity of the downstream of the heating element (77) and the thermal catalyst (76), respectively.

The thermal catalyst (76) may be a self-heating catalyst.
For example, if an electrode is provided in a ceramic containing catalyst containing electrothermal metal powder and sintered, it can be energized, contributing to precise temperature control and space saving.

5-2-2. Exhaust space (80)
Exhaust gas deodorized by the thermal catalyst (76) is sent to the exhaust space (80).
An exhaust port (81) is opened at the downstream end of the exhaust space (80), and a downstream exhaust fan (82) as an exhaust means is installed.
By the exhaust action of the downstream exhaust fan (82), an air flow path is formed from the processing section (S) to the outside of the apparatus through the deodorizing exhaust section (D).

  The deodorizing exhaust action is adjusted by the ozone generation amount of the ozone generator (75), the rotational speed of the upstream / downstream exhaust fans (52) (82), and the like.

6). The present invention In the garbage processing apparatus as described above, the present invention has improved the processing tank (20) of the processing section (S).
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the treatment tank (20) that accommodates the garbage opens toward the upper lid (10), and the bottom (20 b) where the garbage accumulates has a substantially U-shape. Is formed. The substantially U-shape of the bottom (20b) is formed in response to the locus of the tip of the rotating stirring claw (30).
The stirring claw (30) has an elongated thin plate shape or the like, and is installed substantially vertically on the stirring claw support shaft (31) installed substantially horizontally. The stirring claw support shaft (31) is horizontally suspended and driven to rotate at the center position of the arc of the processing tank bottom (20b).
By setting the length of the stirring claw (30) to be slightly shorter than the diameter of the arc in the substantially U shape of the processing tank bottom (20b), the garbage is treated with the processing tank bottom (20b) and the stirring claw (30). It is crushed steadily between the tips.

Of the treatment tank (20), at least,
The inner surface of the processing tank (20) facing the rotation trajectory of the tip of the stirring claw (30), that is, the substantially U-shaped processing tank bottom (20b), is a rough rugged surface that damages the processing object by contact. A surface (24a) is provided.
A similar rough surface (24b) may be provided on the inner surface of the side wall (23) of the treatment tank (20).

  The rough surfaces (24a) and (24b) may be laid with a file-like sheet, or may be provided with irregularities on the inner surface of the processing tank (20), or constitute the inner surface of the processing tank (20). The wall surface may be formed into a concavo-convex shape.

  When there are rough surfaces (24a) (24b) having substantially irregularities on the inner surface of the treatment tank (20), the treated material that has been agitated is damaged when it comes into contact therewith, and pulverization and decomposition are promoted. In particular, the processing object located between the tip of the stirring claw (30) and the bottom of the processing tank (20b) is rubbed against the rough surface (24a), so that it can be decomposed more efficiently.

The above is an example in the case of the processing tank (20) of the type in which the stirring claw support shaft (31) is installed substantially horizontally, but the processing of the type in which the stirring claw support shaft (31) is erected substantially vertically. The same applies to the tank (20).
The processing tank (20) illustrated in FIG. 4 is a substantially cylindrical type whose bottom (20b) is substantially circular. The stirring claw support shaft (31) is erected substantially vertically at the center of the bottom of the processing tank (20b), and a motor (35) for rotationally driving the stirring claw support shaft (31) is installed in the lower part thereof.
Even in this type of treatment tank, if rough surfaces (24a) and (24b) are provided on the bottom (20b) and the side wall (23) of the treatment tank, the agitated treatment product comes into contact therewith. The damage is accelerated and the grinding process is accelerated.

  In the illustrated example, the stirring claw (30) has a spiral shape, but may have a plate shape as in the above embodiment. In any case, the stirring claw (30) is lengthened or the diameter of the bottom of the processing tank (20b) is reduced so that the tip of the stirring claw (30) approaches the processing tank side wall (23). In the case of this configuration, it is preferable to provide a rough surface (24b) on at least the side wall (23).

  The lower part of the stirring claw support shaft (31) is supported by a rotation support member connected to the motor (35). The upper part of the stirring claw support shaft (31) is also supported by a support base (25) provided substantially horizontally. This will increase the stability. In that case, if the fastening member (26) such as a bolt for fixing the support base (25) to the side wall (23) is shared by the fastening member (26) of the measuring device such as a moisture sensor, the number of fastening members (26) can be reduced. This contributes to a reduction in the number of opening portions of the side wall (23).

  According to the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention, the garbage can be efficiently pulverized and decomposed, contributing to labor saving, and thus has high industrial utility value.

Partially cutaway front view of the device of the present invention Same side sectional view Same cutaway rear view Partial cutaway front view of another embodiment

Explanation of symbols

S treatment part K collection part D deodorization exhaust part 10 lid 11 hollow part 12 opening and closing support shaft 13 handle 20 treatment tank 20a inlet 20b bottom part 21 hollow part 22 panel heater 23 side wall 24a, 24b rough surface 25 support base 26 fastening member 30 stirring Claw 31 Stirring claw support shaft 32, 34 Sprocket 33 Transmission chain 35 Motor 40 Processed material recovery device 41 Processed material discharge port 42 Discharge path 43 Recovery device support 44 Elastic body 45 Optical sensor 50 Odor guide duct 50a Upstream end of odor guide duct 50b Downstream end of odor guide duct 51 Exhaust port 52 Upstream exhaust fan 60 Deodorization case 61 Deodorization case cover 70 Deodorization space 71 Duct connection port 72 Dust storage part 73 Outside air inflow path formation plate 74 Outside air intake port 75 Deodorizer 76 Thermal catalyst 76s Heat Catalyst temperature sensor 77 Heating element 77s Temperature sensor 80 exhaust space 81 exhaust port 82 downstream exhaust fan body

Claims (2)

In a garbage processing apparatus comprising a processing unit for decomposing and processing garbage, a recovery unit for recovering the decomposed processed product, and an exhaust unit for exhausting odor from the processing unit or the recovery unit,
Of the inner surface of the processing tank of the processing unit for storing raw garbage, at least the surface facing the rotation trajectory of the tip of the rotary stirring claw provided in the processing tank is composed of substantially unevenness that damages the processed material by contact. A garbage disposal apparatus characterized by providing a rough surface. The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rough surface is configured by laying a file-like sheet.

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