JP2005170922A - Exterminating agent of coccid - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an exterminating agent of coccid, having a biodegradability, without causing environmental pollution, and having a high safety, a sufficient exterminating effect and an inexpensive production cost. <P>SOLUTION: This noxious insect-exterminating agent having the suffocating effect against the coccid, or the like, consists of an alkyl ester of a higher fatty acid. As the fatty acid component, a 12-22C unsaturated fatty acid such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, is desirable. As the ester components, a 1-3C ester such as methyl ester, is desirable. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an insecticide such as a cayensis that adheres to trees and the like.

  The worm is a pest that is sucked from the leaves and the new treetops of crop plants such as the butterfly, and is difficult to control because the body surface is covered with wax.

  As a insecticide for the insect worm, a drug type that is highly toxic (for example, fish toxicity) and a suffocation type that has low toxicity have been used. As for the drug type, there is a suffocation type that can be used in winter when the insect damage, pesticide residue must be taken into account, it is difficult to observe and spray the hatched larvae in a timely manner, it is easy to find the insects and the insects do not move It is used. In particular, as a suffocation-effective pesticide, it has been known that a machine oil or mineral oil is emulsified before use, and is commercially available (see Non-Patent Document 1).

  However, since machine oil and mineral oil are very stable and poorly biodegradable, they are likely to cause environmental pollution of soils, rivers, etc. due to the oil or its oxides. Conceivable. After showing the control effect, there has been a demand for a control agent that is quickly decomposed by microorganisms and the like into harmless substances in nature. Also, even mineral oils that are safer than so-called pesticides are not safe for human crops, such as fruits that are eaten directly, and are difficult to use as a pesticide because of their effects such as the amount used. Furthermore, although it has been used conventionally, several times of spraying are required for extermination, and the cost increases if the raw material cost is high.

  From the above, the mineral oil control agents mainly used for machine oil are poor in biodegradability and are not sufficiently safe. Furthermore, in order to improve the cost performance for the extermination effect, further improvement has been awaited.

    Yoneyama Shingo, Kimura Hiroshi, Garden Tree Diseases and Pests (Eighth Edition), Japan Rural Culture Association (2002. 8.31)

  The present invention provides an insecticide for insect worms that is biodegradable, does not cause environmental pollution, has high safety, has a sufficient extermination effect, and is inexpensive to manufacture.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, various vegetable oils that are biodegradable have been eagerly studied for an insecticide that eliminates environmental pollution, has high safety, has a sufficient control effect, and is inexpensive to manufacture. As a result of screening, the methyl ester of higher fatty acids contained in vegetable oils such as soybean oil and rapeseed oil has been found to have the same controlling effect as commercially available mineral oils, and moreover to one or more higher fatty acid glycerides. Further, the ester exchange reaction with a lower alcohol was carried out, and the resulting alkyl ester was found to have a control effect equivalent to that of a commercially available product.

The present invention is characterized by comprising as an active ingredient an alkyl ester of one or more higher fatty acids or an alkyl ester obtained by transesterification with a glyceride of one or more higher fatty acids and a lower alcohol. It is known that the alkyl ester as the main component is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil in 1 to 2 weeks and has a so-called biodegradability (Biodegrability of Biodiesel in the aquatic environment). , Transactions of the ASAE 41 (5): 1423-1430, (1998))

  That is, the insect repellant of the present invention contains one or more alkyl esters of higher fatty acids, or alkyl esters obtained by transesterification with one or more higher fatty acid glycerides and lower alcohols. It is characterized by using.

  According to the insect repellant of the present invention, an active ingredient is an alkyl ester obtained by subjecting one or two or more higher fatty acid alkyl esters or a higher fatty acid glyceride one or two or more mixtures to a lower alcohol exchange reaction. By containing as, it has biodegradability and can exhibit a sufficient extermination effect without causing environmental destruction. Alkyl esters of higher fatty acids and alkyl esters obtained by subjecting higher fatty acid glycerides 1 or a mixture of two or more to a transesterification reaction with a lower alcohol are made from natural vegetable oils such as soybeans and rapeseed oil as raw materials and are relatively inexpensive. Can be manufactured in large quantities. In particular, as a raw material of higher fatty acid glycerides mixed with one or more higher fatty acids, the waste edible oil contains a large amount, so that the waste can be effectively used and can be easily produced in large quantities.

  The higher fatty acid alkyl ester used as an active ingredient in the present invention may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. Moreover, you may use the alkylester obtained by transesterifying one or two or more types of higher fatty acid glycerides with a lower alcohol. In the higher fatty acid constituting the alkyl ester of the higher fatty acid, the number of carbon atoms is preferably 12-22, more preferably 16-20. The higher fatty acid desirably has one or more carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds in the molecule. In particular, in the present invention, a higher fatty acid having 12 to 22 carbon atoms and having at least one carbon-carbon unsaturated bond in the molecule is desirable.

  On the other hand, the number of carbon atoms constituting the ester is preferably 1 to 3, more preferably a methyl ethyl ester having 1 to 2 carbon atoms. Such alkyl esters of higher fatty acids or higher fatty acid glycerides or alkyl esters obtained by transesterification using a lower alcohol in a mixture of two or more types are relatively inexpensive starting from vegetable oils such as soybean oil. Moreover, it can be produced in large quantities, and it is biodegradable and does not cause environmental destruction.

  The alkyl ester purity of the control stock solution is preferably 98% or more for those produced from waste cooking oil and 99% or more for soybean oil. In addition, the total weight percent of methyl linoleate, methyl oleate, and methyl palmitate is preferably 70% or more.

  The insecticide for the insect worm of the present invention may be an alkyl ester of a higher fatty acid and an alkyl ester obtained by subjecting a higher fatty acid glyceride 1 or a mixture of two or more thereof to a transesterification reaction with a lower alcohol. Usually, a product obtained by adding a certain amount of water to a mixture of these alkyl esters with an emulsifier, diluting and emulsifying is used. The alkyl ester obtained by subjecting the alkyl ester of the higher fatty acid of the present invention and the higher fatty acid glyceride 1 or a mixture of two or more thereof to transesterification with a lower alcohol is 5 to 90% by weight, preferably 20%. It can be contained in an amount of ˜70% by weight, more preferably 20 to 50% by weight, and prepared with 2 to 5% by weight of an emulsifier.

  The emulsifier is only required to efficiently emulsify the alkyl ester that is the main component of the product of the present invention, and is preferably biodegradable. For example, surfactant (trade name: Sanyo Kasei Ionette-200, manufactured by Sanyo Kasei Co., Ltd.) and the like.

  The alkyl ester of the present invention can also be produced from waste cooking oil, and as a treatment method thereof, there is a so-called BDF (biodiesel alternative fuel) production method, and even today, waste cooking oil is 100 tons / year in Japan. Currently, approximately 10,000 tons / year is recycled as BDF, and is expected to increase further in the future.

  The insect repellant of the present invention can be obtained by a transesterification reaction using an alkyl ester of one or two or more higher fatty acids or a glyceride of one or two or more higher fatty acids and a lower alcohol, which are main active ingredients. The control stock solution in which the alkyl ester is made into an emulsified oil with a surfactant or the like is diluted with water, and this is sprayed with a sprayer or the like and used.

  In view of the removal effect and cost, it is most desirable to use the concentration of the removal stock solution with respect to the spray solution at 20 to 50%.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further more concretely, this invention is not limited by the following Example.
(Example 1)

Higher fatty acid obtained from soybean oil is converted to methyl ester, fractionated to remove unreacted substances, and higher fatty acid methyl ester comprising 49% by weight of methyl linoleate, 21% by weight of methyl oleate and 9% by weight of methyl palmitate A body mixture (Invention product 1) was obtained.
(Example 2)

The waste edible oil itself is directly methyl esterified and subjected to fractional distillation to obtain a higher fatty acid methyl ester mixture (invention product 2) comprising 46% by weight of methyl linoleate, 20% by weight of methyl oleate, and 7% by weight of methyl linolenate. It was.
(Example 3)

A control stock solution was prepared by thoroughly mixing 95% by weight of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1 with 5% by weight of a surfactant (trade name: Sanyo Kasei Ionnet-200, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd.) as an emulsifier.
Example 4

A control stock solution was prepared by thoroughly mixing 5% by weight of a surfactant (trade name: Sanyo Kasei Ionnet-200, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd.) as an emulsifier with 95% by weight of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 2.
"Disinfection effect test"

In order to confirm the extermination effect, a hornworm, which is a kind of the worm that adheres to fruit trees and the like, was used and tested. These insects are generally widely distributed, have vitality as a target for extermination, and can easily obtain data. The test test and test results are shown below.
○ Preparation of specimen

25 twigs of nagi trees to which 15 or more hornworms were attached were prepared. In order to maintain the freshness of the twigs, as shown in the figure, water was put into a test tube, and a test piece was inserted into each twig. In order to compare the product of the present invention with the conventional product (machine oil + emulsifier), 10 out of 25 are for Example 1 of the present invention, 10 are for Example 2 of the present invention, and 2 more are conventional. It was used for goods. The remaining three were blank specimens.
○ Chemical liquid preparation

The control stock solutions prepared in Example 3 and Example 4 were diluted with water, respectively, to make spray solutions with nine concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 7, 80, and 90% by weight. As an example, a conventional product (commercial product: machine oil emulsion, manufactured by King Chemical Co., Ltd.) was prepared by diluting the stock solution to 10% concentration as instructed in the designated prescription.
○ Scattering

Using a commercially available fog blower, after shaking well, it was sprayed to the extent that hornworms were sufficiently wet. The number of spraying was only 1 degree.
○ Test results

  Except for the 10% concentration of the stock solution of the present invention 1, 5-8 started to die on the 5th day after spraying and 75% on the 11th day. The control stock solution 10% concentration started to die 2-3 days from the 6th day, and similarly 65% died on the 11th day. The product 2 of the present invention showed almost the same results as the product 1 of the present invention.

  In the comparative example (commercial product undiluted solution 10% concentration), 2-3 pieces started to die on the 5th day after spraying, and 75% on the 11th day.

  The killing decision was made when the horned worm fell to the extent that it was touched lightly, and the portion other than the wax component of the horned worm was pale red or pink, but turned brown or blackish brown.

  From the above, it can be judged that the products 1 and 2 of the present invention have a sufficient extermination effect by the suffocation method as compared with the conventional products. Further, both of the products 1 and 2 of the present invention have a dewaxing action, and it can be determined that there is an effect of destroying the wax shell, which is a feature of the hornworm, and making it non-functional. Therefore, it is considered that the products 1 and 2 of the present invention are extinguished by the action of asphyxiation and dewaxing.

  The pest control agent due to the asphyxia effect of the higher fatty acid alkyl ester which is the present invention is preferably an unsaturated fatty acid having 12 to 22 carbon atoms such as oleic acid or linoleic acid as the fatty acid component, C1-C3 esters such as methyl ester are preferred. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is very useful because it provides a biodegradable, non-environmental pollution, high safety, a sufficient control effect, and a low manufacturing cost.

Claims (4)

  An active ingredient of an alkyl ester of one or two or more higher fatty acids or an alkyl ester obtained by transesterification with a glyceride of one or two or more higher fatty acids and a lower alcohol Pesticide.   An insecticide for insects characterized by comprising, as an active ingredient, an alkyl ester obtained by subjecting a vegetable oil or waste cooking oil as a raw material to a transesterification reaction with one or two or more higher fatty acid glycerides and a lower alcohol.   An emulsion oil of 5% by weight of an emulsifier is mixed with 95% by weight of the alkyl ester of claim 1 or 2, and further 20 to 70% by weight of the emulsion oil is diluted with water and used. Pesticide.   An insecticide for insects characterized by containing 19 to 69% by weight of an alkyl ester obtained by transesterification with one or more glycerides of higher fatty acids and a lower alcohol.