JP2005163271A - Constrained soil structure and work execution method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remarkably reduce the term of works and the construction cost by improving the constraint of a filling material in a reinforcement area. <P>SOLUTION: In this structure, a reinforcement sheet 30 having a length to surround the reinforcement area, a constrained soil unit 50 is formed by a retaining wall mat 10 set on the reinforcement sheet 30 and the filling material 20 entrained by the reinforcement sheet 30, and stretched and roller-compacted, and a plurality of constrained soil units 50 are piled up in multi-layer or a plurality of constrained soil units 50 are installed in a plane. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to a constrained soil structure formed by wrapping a filling material such as earth and sand with a sheet-like material, and a construction method thereof.

The embankment works by rolling out the earth and sand to a predetermined height and rolling them, and the construction of the reinforcement sheet that lays a grid-like or mesh-like reinforcement sheet horizontally on the upper surface of the embankment layer. It is publicly known to construct a banking structure with intervening metal.
In this type of embankment structure, one end of the reinforcing sheet interposed between the embankment layers is connected to the back surface of each wall material made of concrete or mesh stacked on one (front surface) of each embankment layer. Thus, the earth pressure acting on the retaining wall mat is supported by utilizing the frictional resistance of the reinforcing sheet, and the slip in the embankment structure is suppressed by the reinforcing sheet. In addition, the back surface side of the embankment structure is filled with backfill earth and sand to perform void treatment.
In addition, when the supporting ground is soft, it is also known to construct a banking structure on the foundation slab after constructing a concrete foundation slab.

The conventional embankment structure has the following problems.
<1> The upper and lower surfaces of each embankment layer are sandwiched in a sandwich shape by a reinforcing sheet, but the back surface portion (rear portion) of the embankment layer remains open.
Therefore, the embankment in the reinforced area cannot be sufficiently compacted.
In particular, when a large vertical load or a horizontal force during an earthquake is applied to the embankment layer, the earth and sand move sideways from the back surface (rear part) of the embankment layer, causing uneven settlement of the embankment structure.
<2> At sites where the topography is steep and there is not enough space on the back side of the embankment structure, it is necessary to cut ground, increasing the amount of excavation and increasing the work period and cost.
<3> When constructing a concrete foundation slab, since concrete is cast after digging up the soft ground, there is a problem that construction takes a long time and cost is increased.

This invention is made | formed in view of the above point, The place made into the objective is to improve the restraint property of the filling material in a reinforcement area | region.
The present invention is to significantly improve the construction period and construction cost.
It is an object of the present invention to be applicable to an alternative to a concrete foundation slab, a reinforced embankment, or a revetment structure.
It is an object of the present invention to provide any one of the above-mentioned restraint soil structures and the construction method thereof.

The present invention is a constrained soil structure in which a plurality of constrained soils are stacked in multiple stages, the restraint soils having a length capable of enclosing a reinforcing region, and a support installed on the reinforcing sheet. It is characterized by comprising a wall mat and a filling material rolled out on the reinforcing sheet, rolled up with the reinforcing sheet, and tensioned and rolled.
Furthermore, the present invention is a constrained soil structure in which a plurality of constrained soil units are installed in a plane, the constrained soil unit having a length capable of enclosing a reinforcing region, and a support installed on the reinforcing sheet. It is characterized by comprising a wall mat and a filling material rolled out on the reinforcing sheet, rolled up with the reinforcing sheet, and tensioned and rolled.
The present invention is any one of the above-mentioned constrained soil structures, and is characterized in that a retaining wall mat is installed only on the slope side of the reinforcing sheet.
The present invention is any one of the above-mentioned constrained soil structures, and is characterized in that a plurality of retaining wall mats are installed at a predetermined distance on the slope side and the back side of the reinforcing sheet.
The present invention is any one of the above-mentioned constrained soil structures, wherein the retaining wall mat is a heavy-weight structure in which aggregates or earth and sand are enclosed in a container.

The present invention also relates to a method for constructing a constrained soil structure in which a plurality of constrained soils are stacked in a multistage manner, the step of laying a reinforcing sheet having a length exceeding the reinforcing region, and a retaining wall mat on the reinforcing sheet. Placing the reinforcing sheet on the reinforcing sheet so as to wrap around the back portion of the filling material; A constrained soil single body is formed through a process of winding on the upper surface of the material and fixing the end portion, and the constrained soil single body is laminated and constructed in a multistage manner.
Further, the present invention is a method for constructing a constrained soil structure in which a plurality of constrained soils are installed in a plane, the step of laying a reinforcing sheet having a length exceeding the reinforcing region, and a retaining wall mat on the reinforcing sheet Placing the reinforcing sheet on the reinforcing sheet, rolling out the filling material over a range of the reinforcing region and rolling the reinforcing sheet, and filling the reinforcing sheet so as to wrap the back portion of the filling material The constrained soil is formed through a process of winding on the upper surface of the material and fixing the end.
The present invention is a construction method for any one of the above-mentioned restraint soil structures, characterized in that a forming mold is disposed outside or inward of the reinforcing sheet to roll the filling material. Is.
The present invention is a construction method for any of the above-mentioned restraint soil structures, characterized in that after rolling, the reinforcing sheet is tensioned and wound around the upper surface of the filling material to fix the ends. To do.
The present invention is a construction method of any of the above-mentioned restraint soil structure, forcibly deforming the back portion of the filling material to the side by rolling the filling material wrapped in the reinforcing sheet again. The reinforcing sheet is re-tensioned.

The present invention has one of the following effects.
<1> Since a plurality of pressure-constrained soils constituting a constrained soil structure can reinforce the filling material by using an overload through a reinforcing sheet, it is stable against external forces such as back-surface pressure and earthquakes. High-restraint soil structure can be obtained.
<2> Since the reinforcing sheet encloses the filling material together with the retaining wall mat is the reinforcing region, it is not necessary to design the cross-sectional width of the constrained soil structure to be excessively wide or to cut the ground.
<3> By forcibly tensioning the reinforcing sheet, loosening of the reinforcing sheet is eliminated, and the restraining effect of the filling material is increased.
<4> At the time of rolling, by using a temporary formwork, it is possible to prevent the back portion of the filling material from being squeezed out and to be surely compacted.
<5> By rolling the filling material wrapped with the reinforcing sheet again, the back surface portion of the filling material can be forcibly deformed to the side to tension the reinforcing sheet.
Therefore, the restraining effect of the filling material is further increased, and the stability of the restrained soil structure is significantly improved.
<6> The present invention can be applied not only as a reinforced embankment but also as an alternative to a foundation floor slab made of concrete or a revetment structure, and is versatile.
When used as an alternative to a concrete foundation slab, it can be constructed directly without the need to excavate soft ground, greatly improving workability and economy.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<1> Outline of Restraint Soil Structure FIG. 1 is a model diagram of a completed restraint soil structure.
The constrained soil structure includes a retaining wall mat 10 stacked on the slope side in multiple stages, and a reinforcing sheet 30 that includes the retaining wall mat 10 and wraps the filling material 20 in a bag shape. It is composed of a laminate of a plurality of constrained soil single bodies 50 constructed by rolling the filling material 20.
The main materials used are described below.

[Retaining wall mat]
The retaining wall mat 10 is a weight-type columnar member that constitutes the retaining wall surface of the constrained soil structure.
The retaining wall mat 10 can employ, for example, the structure shown in FIG.
The form shown in FIG. 2A is a case of a flexible gabion in which an aggregate 12 such as crushed stone is packed and enclosed in a box 11 in which a resin net or a fiber net is formed in a box shape. (B) of the figure shows a case of a gabion in which an aggregate 12 such as crushed stone is put in a container 11 formed in a metal net box shape such as a wire net, and (c) of the figure is made of resin. Alternatively, a mat structure having an elongated shape (the total length of which is several times the cross-sectional length) in which earth and sand 13 are packed and enclosed in a flexible container 11 in which a fiber sheet is formed in a cylindrical shape or a box shape. The case is shown. Which form is adopted for the retaining wall mat 10 is appropriately selected in consideration of the construction site conditions, construction height, and the like.

  These retaining wall mats 10 may be carried in the factory, but can be easily transported if they are manufactured on the site, and the production cost can be reduced by using the aggregate 12 and earth and sand 13 on the site. .

  The retaining wall mat 10 is not limited to the illustrated form, and any known material can be used as long as the container 11 does not extend more than a certain amount (the amount of elastic deformation is small) and can prevent the aggregate 12 and the sand 13 from flowing out. Various shapes of structures can be applied.

[Filling material]
The filling material 20 constitutes the main body of the restraint soil structure, and is wrapped with the reinforcing sheet 30 together with the retaining wall mat 10 and restrained from the outside to be reinforced.
The filling material 20 may be of a nature that can be compacted, and may be a single type or a mixture of multiple types of aggregate, concrete glass, etc. Is possible. Soil and sand can be used regardless of whether it is sandy soil or cohesive soil.

[Reinforcement sheet]
The reinforcing sheet 30 is not simply a member laid horizontally, but is a sheet for winding the back surface portion of the filling material 30, and its total length is set to a length that can surround the reinforcing region including the back surface portion of the filling material 30. .
As a material of the reinforcing sheet 30, a known resin net (geotextile, geogrid, etc.) having a high tensile strength, a net of a natural material such as a palm net, or a woven fabric is used alone or in any plural number. Seeds can be stacked and used.

<2> Construction method The construction method of the restraint soil structure which used the above-mentioned material is demonstrated.

[Preparation work]
As shown in FIG. 3, a first-stage reinforcing sheet 30a having a predetermined length is directly laid on the supporting ground, and a pin is placed and fixed to a part thereof.
On the left side of the reinforcing sheet 30a, the retaining wall mat 10a is placed in the crossing direction of the sheet. Since the retaining wall mat 10a is a gravity type, it can be fixed to the reinforcing sheet 30a by its own weight, and it is not necessary to connect the two members with pins or the like.
A reinforcing sheet 30a extends to the left of the retaining wall mat 10a. Further, the reinforcing sheet 30 extending to the left of the retaining wall mat 10a is lightly rolled up, and the mold 40 is installed on the outside thereof.
The mold frame 40 has a molding surface 41 curved inward, and is a temporary mold frame formed by providing support legs 42 on the outer side of the molding surface 41, and restrains lateral deformation of the filling material 20 while restraining lateral deformation of the molding surface 41. It functions to form according to the shape.
The molding surface 41 is not limited to a circular arc surface as illustrated, and various shapes can be adopted.

[Squeeze out filling material / Primary compaction]
As shown in FIG. 4, in a state where the right side of the reinforcing sheet 30a is removed to the outside of the mold 40, the filling material 20a is spread over the entire area between the retaining wall mat 10a and the mold 40, and then , Compact using a known compacting machine (primary rolling)
The layer thickness of the filling material 20a is set to the height of the retaining wall mat 10a.
Regarding the lateral deformation of the filling material 20a due to the primary rolling, the front (slope side) of the filling material 20a is supported by the retaining wall mat 10a, and the back (back side) of the filling material 20a is the mold 40. Therefore, the whole including the front and rear ends of the first stage filling material 20a can be uniformly and reliably compacted.
Further, when rolling the back side (back side) of the filling material 20a, a mold frame (not shown) having a shape corresponding to the molding surface 41 is provided inside the reinforcing sheet 30a so as to face the molding surface 41 of the mold frame 40. You may install and roll. When installing the formwork inside, the internal formwork will remain without being removed.

[Reinforcement sheet entrainment work]
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5, while winding the back surface of the filling material 20a, the reinforcing sheet 30a is tensioned using a tension jig such as a jack to fix both ends.
In this example, both ends of the reinforcing sheet 30a are fixed by placing pins on the retaining wall mat 10a. However, the fixing positions of both ends of the reinforcing sheet 30a may be arbitrary positions on the upper surface of the filling material 20a. Good. Moreover, you may make it connect the both-ends superposition | polymerization part of the tension | tensile_strength reinforcement sheet | seat 30a, without providing a pin. In short, it is only necessary to fix the end portion of the first-stage reinforcing sheet 30a so as to prevent the first-stage reinforcing sheet 30a from being loosened.
The tension is applied to the reinforcing sheet 30a by eliminating the slackness of the reinforcing sheet 30a and increasing the binding force of the filling material 20a to reinforce the filling material 20a and to be integrated with the retaining wall mat 10a. It is for aiming at.
In this way, the reinforcing sheet 30a surrounds the retaining wall mat 10a and the primary rolling material 20a in a tensioned state.

  Depending on the type of the filling material 20a, there is a case where the back portion of the filling material 20a is wound and fixed without applying tension to the reinforcing sheet 30a.

[Secondary rolling mill]
Next, the die frame 40 is removed, and the back side of the first stage filling material 20a is rolled (secondary rolling) as shown in FIG.
The secondary rolling of the back surface portion of the filling material 20a without support by the mold 40 is forcibly moving the filling material 20a to the side to increase the tension of the reinforcing sheet 30a, and the filling material 20a. This is to further increase the strength of the back surface portion of the filling material 20a with the increased restraining force.
Upon completion of the secondary rolling, the back surface portion of the reinforcing sheet 30 is deformed into a rounded shape.

[Backwork]
As shown in FIG. 7, the backing material 21 a is put into the back surface of the first stage filling material 20 a to the same height as the filling material 20 a and rolled.
The construction of the first-stage restraint soil single unit 50a is completed through the above steps.

As shown in FIG. 1, the same steps as the first stage described above are repeated on the first stage of the restricted soil unit 50a after the second stage, and the restricted soil unit 50 is stacked to a predetermined height to form the reinforced soil structure. obtain.
In addition, the slope on the back side of the plurality of restraint soil 50 does not need to match the slope on the slope side. You may give it a gradient.

<3> Characteristics of Restraint Soil Structure As shown in FIG. 1, the restraint soil structure according to the present invention is formed by rolling to the extent that it is tensioned and surrounded by the reinforcing sheet 30 and there is almost no lateral movement. This is a laminated structure of a single piece of restrained soil 50.

Therefore, when the dead weight or the overload acts on the constrained soil structure after the construction, the tension of the reinforcing sheet 30 increases, the restraining force of the filling material 20 increases, and further the lateral movement of the filling material 20 is restricted. As a result, the strength of the filling material 20 becomes extremely high, and the retaining wall mat 10 can be prevented from being squeezed out and deformed (sideward movement).
Even if a large vertical load or a horizontal force at the time of an earthquake is applied to the constrained soil structure, similarly, the entire lateral movement of the filling material 20 can be reliably prevented.

In the conventional method in which reinforcing sheets are arranged above and below the embankment layer, the embankment reinforcement area is shorter than the laying length of the reinforcing sheet, whereas in the present invention, the reinforcing sheet 30 and the retaining wall mat 10 are filled. A range surrounding the peripheral surface of the material 20 is a reinforcing region.
In the case of the present invention, since the laminated body of the plurality of restraint soil single bodies 50, 50... Constituting the restraint soil structure also serves as the integrated pseudo-retaining wall structure, the resistance to the back earth pressure acting on the restraint soil structure. Is much better than conventional reinforced embankments.
Also, if the site is steep and it is difficult to secure sufficient space on the back side of the restraint soil structure, the cross section width of the restraint soil structure should be designed to be excessively wide, There is no need to cut.

<4> Other Embodiments Other embodiments will be described below. In the description, the same parts as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the reinforcing sheets 30 and 30 are superposed between the stacked restraint soil simplexes 50 and 50 has been described, but as shown in FIG. 8, two steps to the right of the first reinforcing sheet 30a. The middle of the reinforcing sheet 30b for eyes is connected to substantially extend the length of the entire sheet, and the left end of the second-stage reinforcing sheet 30b is tensioned and fixed to the first-stage filling material 20a. May be.
If laid like this example, the superposition | polymerization range of the reinforcement sheets 30 and 30 can be decreased, and economical construction is possible.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the retaining wall mats 10, 10 may be installed before and after the filling material 20 when the constrained soil unit 50 is formed.
In this example, the retaining wall mat 10 additionally provided on the back surface side of the filling material 20 functions as a formwork material during rolling.
The constrained soil structure according to the present invention can be used as an alternative to a conventional concrete foundation slab.
Even if the supporting ground is soft, the constrained soil structure constructed by stacking the constrained soil directly up to the specified height directly on the ground without digging the ground can not only eliminate the unevenness of the supporting ground. As a whole, the laminated body can be made into a lump of hard earth (pseudo floor slab) to ensure a large supporting force. In particular, it is possible to construct the retaining wall side with a steep slope.
When a restraint soil structure is used as an alternative to a conventional concrete foundation floor slab, a structure such as a road may be constructed on top of the structure, or a known reinforcing embankment may be overlaid.
Of course, only the constrained soil structure according to the present invention can be stacked and used as an alternative to the conventional reinforced embankment.

In addition, the case where a plurality of single pieces of restrained soil 50, 50... Are stacked has been described above. However, as shown in FIGS. Also good.
In this example, it can also be used as a bank protection structure for protecting riverbeds and slopes such as rivers.
In addition, the restraint soil single-piece | unit 50 of this example can employ | adopt any form of the form (FIG. 10) which arrange | positioned the retaining wall mat 10 only on the slope side, and the form (FIG. 11) arrange | positioned also on the back side. .

  As shown in FIG. 9, when a plurality of restraint soil single units 50, 50... Are stacked to form a restraint degree soil structure, the wall surface may be greened by vegetation on the slope side. As shown in FIG. 5, when a plurality of restraint soil single units 50, 50...

Instead of the retaining wall mat 10, a wall material obtained by bending a known expanded metal into an L shape may be used. In this case, one end of the reinforcing sheet 30 (for example, the left end in FIG. 1) is connected to the wall material.

Model diagram of constrained soil structure according to the present invention It is a perspective view of a retaining wall mat, (a) is an explanatory view of a flexible gabion retaining wall mat, (b) is an explanatory diagram of another gabion retaining wall mat, (c) is a mat structure Explanatory diagram of the steel retaining wall mat It is explanatory drawing of construction method of restraint soil simple substance, and is explanatory drawing of preparatory work It is explanatory drawing of the construction method of a restraint soil simple substance, Comprising: The explanatory drawing of the primary rolling process of a filling material It is explanatory drawing of the construction method of a restraint soil single-piece | unit, Comprising: Explanatory drawing of the tension | tensile_strength process of a reinforcement sheet It is explanatory drawing of the construction method of a restraint soil simple substance, Comprising: The explanatory drawing of the secondary rolling process of a filling material Explanatory drawing of backfill process It is explanatory drawing of another form, and explanatory drawing of the other connection form of a reinforcement sheet It is explanatory drawing of other forms, and explanatory drawing of restraint soil structure which installed retaining wall mat before and after restraint soil simple substance It is explanatory drawing of other forms, explanatory drawing of restraint soil structure which installed restraint soil simple substance in plane Explanatory drawing of other restraint soil structure where restraint soil alone is installed in a plane

Explanation of symbols

10, 10a, 10b Retaining wall mat 20, 20a, 20b Filling material 30, 30a, 30b Reinforcement sheet 40 Form frame 50 Restraint soil alone

Claims (10)

A constrained soil structure in which a plurality of constrained soils are stacked in multiple stages,
The restraint soil alone has a length of reinforcing sheet that can surround the reinforcing region;
A retaining wall mat installed on the reinforcing sheet;
It is characterized in that it is composed of a filling material rolled out on the reinforcing sheet, rolled up with the reinforcing sheet, and tensioned and rolled.
Restraint soil structure. A restraint soil structure in which a plurality of restraint soil units are installed in a plane,
The restraint soil alone has a length of reinforcing sheet that can surround the reinforcing region;
A retaining wall mat installed on the reinforcing sheet;
It is characterized in that it is composed of a filling material rolled out on the reinforcing sheet, rolled up with the reinforcing sheet, and tensioned and rolled.
Restraint soil structure.   The restraint soil structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a retaining wall mat is installed only on the slope side of the reinforcing sheet.   The restraint soil structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of retaining wall mats are installed at a predetermined distance on a slope side and a back side of the reinforcing sheet.   The restraint soil structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the retaining wall mat is a heavy-weight structure in which aggregates or earth and sand are enclosed in a container. A construction method of a restraint soil structure in which a plurality of restraint soils are stacked in a multistage manner,
Laying a reinforcing sheet having a length exceeding the reinforcing area;
Placing a retaining wall mat on the reinforcing sheet;
Rolling out the filling material over the reinforcing sheet over the range of the reinforcing region;
Forming the restraint soil alone through the step of winding the reinforcing sheet around the upper surface of the filling material and fixing the end so as to wrap the back portion of the filling material,
It is characterized by being constructed by stacking the constrained soil alone in a multistage manner.
Construction method of restraint soil structure. A method for constructing a restraint soil structure in which a plurality of restraint soil units are installed in a plane,
Laying a reinforcing sheet having a length exceeding the reinforcing area;
Placing a retaining wall mat on the reinforcing sheet;
Rolling out the filling material over the reinforcing sheet over the range of the reinforcing region;
In order to wrap the back portion of the filling material, the reinforcing sheet is wound around the upper surface of the filling material to form a constrained soil unit through a step of fixing the end portion,
Construction method of restraint soil structure.   The method for constructing a constrained soil structure according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a forming mold is disposed outside or inward of the reinforcing sheet to roll the filling material.   8. The method for constructing a constrained soil structure according to claim 6, wherein after rolling, the reinforcing sheet is tensioned and wound around the upper surface of the filling material to fix the end.   In any one of Claims 6 thru | or 9, the back side part of a filling material is forcedly deformed to a side by re-pressing the filling material wrapped with the said reinforcement sheet, and the reinforcement sheet is re-tensioned. A method of constructing a constrained soil structure characterized by

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