JP2005147306A - Retainer for roller bearing - Google Patents

Retainer for roller bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005147306A
JP2005147306A JP2003387589A JP2003387589A JP2005147306A JP 2005147306 A JP2005147306 A JP 2005147306A JP 2003387589 A JP2003387589 A JP 2003387589A JP 2003387589 A JP2003387589 A JP 2003387589A JP 2005147306 A JP2005147306 A JP 2005147306A
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Prior art keywords
film
hard film
retainer
hardened layer
roller bearing
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JP2003387589A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuhisa Kitamura
和久 北村
Kazuyoshi Yamakawa
和芳 山川
Hiroki Matsuyama
博樹 松山
Hiroyuki Chiba
博行 千葉
Kazunori Hayashida
一徳 林田
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Koyo Seiko Co Ltd
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Koyo Seiko Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003387589A priority Critical patent/JP2005147306A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/56Selection of substances
    • F16C33/565Coatings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6696Special parts or details in view of lubrication with solids as lubricant, e.g. dry coatings, powder
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2204/00Metallic materials; Alloys
    • F16C2204/02Noble metals
    • F16C2204/04Noble metals based on silver
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2206/00Materials with ceramics, cermets, hard carbon or similar non-metallic hard materials as main constituents
    • F16C2206/02Carbon based material
    • F16C2206/04Diamond like carbon [DLC]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/61Toothed gear systems, e.g. support of pinion shafts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce abrasion and to prevent early seizure by reducing slide friction resistance of a guide surface of a retainer relative to a planetary gear and an inner peripheral surface of a planetary roller. <P>SOLUTION: In the retainer 7 for the roller bearing 6, a cured layer 7c by heat curing treatment such as cementation is formed on a side of at least guide surface of a matrix material 7a comprising a steel material. A surface of the cured layer 7c is cleaned such that an oxide layer does not exist. A hard film of high hardness such as a DLC film 9 is coated on the cleaned surface. Further, a soft film having solid lubrication effect such as an Ag film 10 is coated on a surface of the hard film. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、ころ軸受用保持器に係り、詳しくは、遊星ギアもしくは遊星ローラを備えた遊星式動力伝達装置において、遊星ギアもしくは遊星ローラとその支持ピンとの間に介装されるころ軸受の保持器に関する。   The present invention relates to a roller bearing retainer, and more specifically, in a planetary power transmission device including a planetary gear or a planetary roller, holding the roller bearing interposed between the planetary gear or the planetary roller and its support pin. Related to the vessel.

減速や変速に使用されている遊星式動力伝達装置、例えば遊星ギア式のものは、遊星ギアを、支持ピンを介してキャリアに設けた構造で、動作時、遊星ギアは、支持ピンの周りを自転しながら、中心側にある太陽ギアの周りを公転するようになっている(特許文献1参照)。遊星ギアとその支持ピンとの間には、通常、ころ軸受が介装されている
特開2000−134869号公報
Planetary power transmission devices used for deceleration and shifting, for example, planetary gear type devices, have a structure in which a planetary gear is provided on a carrier via a support pin. During operation, the planetary gear moves around the support pin. While rotating, it revolves around the sun gear on the center side (see Patent Document 1). Usually, a roller bearing is interposed between the planetary gear and its support pin.
JP 2000-134869 A

上記遊星式動力伝達装置では、公転する遊星ギアに大きな遠心力が作用する。そのため、遊星ギアとその支持ピンとの間に介装されているころ軸受は、潤滑油が流失し、貧潤滑もしくは無潤滑になりやすい。   In the planetary power transmission device, a large centrifugal force acts on the revolving planetary gear. Therefore, the roller bearings interposed between the planetary gears and their support pins easily lose lubricating oil and become poorly lubricated or non-lubricated.

このような潤滑状態のもとで、ころ軸受の保持器は、同じく遠心力により、遊星ギアの内周面の側に変位させられて摺接することになるので、摩耗が生じ、早期に焼付きが発生するおそれがある。   Under such a lubrication state, the roller bearing retainer is also displaced by the centrifugal force to the inner peripheral surface side of the planetary gear and comes into sliding contact with it. May occur.

一方、一般の高速回転用の転がり軸受では、耐摩耗性、耐焼付き性を高めるために、軌道輪や転動体の表面にDLC膜(ダイヤモンドライクカーボン膜)のような硬質膜を形成することが提案されており、保持器についても、その表面に同様の硬質膜を形成することが考えられている。   On the other hand, in general rolling bearings for high-speed rotation, a hard film such as a DLC film (diamond-like carbon film) may be formed on the surface of the raceway or rolling element in order to improve wear resistance and seizure resistance. It has been proposed that a similar hard film is formed on the surface of the cage.

DLC膜は、その表面がダイヤモンドに準ずる硬さを有するので、耐摩耗性に優れ、摩擦抵抗も二硫化モリブデンやフッ素樹脂と同じように小さく、従来から潤滑性材料として使用されている。   Since the surface of the DLC film has hardness similar to that of diamond, the DLC film has excellent wear resistance and friction resistance is as small as that of molybdenum disulfide and fluororesin, and has been conventionally used as a lubricating material.

しかし、保持器の表面は一般に粗面で、単に硬質膜を形成しただけでは、剥離が生じやすく、所要の耐摩耗性や耐焼付き性が得られないばかりか、相手部材の表面を損傷する攻撃性が増す、という問題がある。   However, the surface of the cage is generally rough, and if a hard film is simply formed, peeling easily occurs and the required wear resistance and seizure resistance cannot be obtained, and attacks that damage the surface of the mating member There is a problem that the nature increases.

本発明は、母材表面に熱硬化処理による硬化層が形成され、硬化層の表面は酸化物層が除去されており、硬化層の表面に、硬化層より高硬度の硬質膜がコーティングされ、硬質膜の表面には、固体潤滑効果を有する軟質膜がコーティングされていることを特徴とするものである。   In the present invention, a hardened layer is formed on the surface of the base material by a thermosetting treatment, the oxide layer is removed from the surface of the hardened layer, and a hard film having a hardness higher than that of the hardened layer is coated on the surface of the hardened layer. The surface of the hard film is coated with a soft film having a solid lubricating effect.

前記硬質膜には、DLC膜のほか、CrN膜、CrN膜等のクロム系の薄膜、TiN膜、TiC膜、TiCN膜等のチタン系の薄膜等が含まれる。 In addition to the DLC film, the hard film includes a chromium-based thin film such as a CrN film and a Cr 2 N film, and a titanium-based thin film such as a TiN film, a TiC film, and a TiCN film.

前記軟質膜は、例えば、軟質金属系の固体潤滑剤であるAgのような、固体潤滑効果を有する材料で構成される。軟質膜を構成する固体潤滑剤には、Ag(銀)以外に、(1)金、鉛、すず、インジウム等の軟質金属、(2)黒鉛、二硫化モリブデン、二硫化タングステン等の層状構造体、(3)4フッ化エチレン(PTFE)、ポリアミド、ポリアセタール、ポリイミド等のプラスチック等がある。   The soft film is made of a material having a solid lubricating effect, such as Ag which is a soft metal-based solid lubricant. In addition to Ag (silver), the solid lubricant constituting the soft film includes (1) a soft metal such as gold, lead, tin, and indium, and (2) a layered structure such as graphite, molybdenum disulfide, and tungsten disulfide. (3) Plastics such as tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyamide, polyacetal, and polyimide.

上記構成によれば、使用の初期段階では、軟質膜の表面が案内面として、遊星ギア等の外輪部材の内周面、もしくは支持ピン等の内輪部材の外周面に接することになるので、軟質膜が潤滑剤として作用し、案内面のすべり摩擦抵抗が大幅に減少し、遠心力等により相手面に強く摺接させられることがあっても、摩耗が少なく、早期に焼付きを起こすことがなく、また、相手部材に損傷を与えることがない。   According to the above configuration, since the surface of the soft film is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring member such as the planetary gear or the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring member such as the support pin in the initial stage of use. Even if the film acts as a lubricant, the sliding frictional resistance of the guide surface is greatly reduced and it is strongly slidably contacted with the mating surface by centrifugal force, etc., there is little wear and seizure can occur early. In addition, the mating member is not damaged.

この場合、軟質膜は、特に使用初期のなじみの段階で、DLC膜のような硬質膜を保護し、高硬度で内部圧縮応力が大きい硬質膜が、摺接等の繰り返しにより母材から剥離するのを防止する。   In this case, the soft film protects the hard film such as the DLC film, particularly at the initial stage of use, and the hard film having a high hardness and a large internal compressive stress peels from the base material by repeated sliding contact or the like. To prevent.

軟質膜が長期の使用により摩滅したのちは、硬質膜の表面が、相手面に対する案内面となって、低い摩擦係数で相手面に接触することになり、摩耗、焼付きを防止する。このように、軟質膜は、特に使用初期のなじみの段階で、耐摩耗性に優れるが、潤滑性に乏しい硬質膜を保護する作用があり、長期にわたって母材の摩耗、焼付きを防止することができ、保持器の長寿命化を図ることができる。   After the soft film has been worn out by long-term use, the surface of the hard film becomes a guide surface for the mating surface and comes into contact with the mating surface with a low coefficient of friction, thereby preventing wear and seizure. In this way, the soft film is excellent in wear resistance, especially at the familiar stage in the initial stage of use, but has the effect of protecting the hard film with poor lubricity, and prevents wear and seizure of the base material over a long period of time. And the life of the cage can be extended.

また、本発明の保持器では、熱硬化処理により硬化層を形成するのに伴い、通常、硬化層の表面に生成される酸化物層は除去され、硬化層の清浄な表面に硬質膜がコーティングされるから、母材と硬質膜との密着性が良好で、この点からも硬質膜の剥離が生じにくい。   In addition, in the cage of the present invention, as the cured layer is formed by heat curing, the oxide layer generated on the surface of the cured layer is usually removed, and a hard film is coated on the clean surface of the cured layer. Therefore, the adhesion between the base material and the hard film is good, and the hard film is hardly peeled from this point.

本発明の特徴として、硬化層の表面を研磨加工等により平滑化しておく必要がないことが挙げられる。通常、硬質膜の下地が粗面であると、その影響を受けて硬質膜の表面も粗面になる。粗面である硬質膜は、相手部材に対する攻撃性が高く、相手部材の早期摩耗の原因となる。したがって、通常は硬化層を平滑化し、硬質膜の表面粗さを十点平均粗さでRz1.0以下とする必要がある。   A feature of the present invention is that the surface of the cured layer need not be smoothed by polishing or the like. Usually, if the base of the hard film is a rough surface, the surface of the hard film becomes rough due to the influence. A hard film that is a rough surface is highly aggressive against the mating member, and causes early wear of the mating member. Therefore, it is usually necessary to smooth the hardened layer and make the surface roughness of the hard film 10-point average roughness Rz 1.0 or less.

本発明では、軟質膜が、硬質膜の相手部材に対する攻撃性を下げる働きをするので、硬質膜の表面粗さを前記の値で管理する必要がなくなる。具体的には、硬質膜の表面粗さを十点平均粗さでRz4.2以下としておけば充分である。   In the present invention, since the soft film functions to reduce the aggressiveness of the hard film against the mating member, it is not necessary to manage the surface roughness of the hard film with the above value. Specifically, it is sufficient that the surface roughness of the hard film is 10 points average roughness Rz 4.2 or less.

もちろん、故意に硬質膜の表面粗さを悪くしておく必要があるわけではなく、通常のように硬質膜の表面粗さが良い場合にも、本発明は効果がある。   Of course, it is not necessary to intentionally reduce the surface roughness of the hard film, and the present invention is effective even when the surface roughness of the hard film is good as usual.

本発明の好ましい実施態様として、硬質膜の膜厚は2μm以上、3μm以下であればよい。この程度の膜厚であれば、コーティングのコストが低く抑えられるほか、硬質膜の下地である硬化層の表面状態の影響が、硬質膜の表側にほとんど現れず、硬質膜の表面を平滑にして、摩擦抵抗を極めて小さくすることができる。   As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the hard film may be 2 μm or more and 3 μm or less. With this thickness, the coating cost can be kept low, and the effect of the surface state of the hardened layer that is the base of the hard film hardly appears on the front side of the hard film, making the surface of the hard film smooth. The frictional resistance can be extremely reduced.

本発明の他の好ましい実施態様として、硬化層の清浄化された表面の酸素濃度は、2ppm以下であればよい。この酸素濃度であれば、母材と硬質膜との密着性が阻害されることがない。   As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen concentration on the cleaned surface of the cured layer may be 2 ppm or less. With this oxygen concentration, the adhesion between the base material and the hard film is not hindered.

軟質膜のコーティング方法や膜厚等は特に限定しないが、この軟質膜が使用、摺接により漸次摩滅していくことを考慮し、耐用時間に対応して膜厚が決定される。   The coating method and film thickness of the soft film are not particularly limited, but the film thickness is determined corresponding to the service life in consideration of the gradual wear of the soft film due to use and sliding contact.

本発明によれば、硬質膜に剥離が生じにくく、初期段階では軟質膜が、その後は硬質膜が潤滑の作用をし、長期にわたって、焼付きが防止される。   According to the present invention, the hard film hardly peels off, and the soft film acts as a lubricant in the initial stage, and the hard film thereafter lubricates, and seizure is prevented over a long period of time.

図1ないし図4を参照して、本発明の最良の実施形態を説明する。図1は、本発明のころ軸受の保持器を含む遊星式動力伝達装置の正面図、図2は、図1の装置の縦断側面図、図3は、本発明のころ軸受の保持器の半部の断面図で、保持器の表面部の拡大断面形状を併せて示している。図4は、図3の保持器の製造過程を示すための表面部の拡大断面図である。   The best embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a front view of a planetary power transmission device including a roller bearing retainer of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view of the device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a half of the roller bearing retainer of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of a part, and has also shown the expanded cross-sectional shape of the surface part of a holder | retainer. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a surface portion for illustrating a manufacturing process of the cage of FIG.

図1および図2において、本実施形態の遊星式動力伝達装置は、ギア型で、太陽ギア1と、この太陽ギア1の外周側に間隔をおいて配置されたリングギア2と、太陽ギア1とリングギア2との間にこれら両ギア1,2と噛み合う状態で設けられた複数(図示例では4つ)の遊星ギア3と、太陽ギア1の軸方向一方側に同軸に配置されたキャリア4とを備えており、各遊星ギア3は、キャリア4に突設された支持ピン5に回転自在に支持されている。遊星ギア3の内周面と、支持ピン5の外周面との間に、本発明の保持器7ところ8とからなるころ軸受6が介装されている。   1 and 2, the planetary power transmission device of the present embodiment is a gear type, and includes a sun gear 1, a ring gear 2 disposed at an outer peripheral side of the sun gear 1, and a sun gear 1. And a plurality of planetary gears 3 (four in the illustrated example) provided in mesh with the two gears 1 and 2 and a carrier disposed coaxially on one side of the sun gear 1 in the axial direction. 4, and each planetary gear 3 is rotatably supported by a support pin 5 projecting from the carrier 4. Between the inner peripheral surface of the planetary gear 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the support pin 5, a roller bearing 6 composed of the cage 7 and 8 of the present invention is interposed.

図3では、本発明のころ軸受6の保持器7として、プレスと溶接とにより造られる門型の保持器を示している。この保持器7は、ころ8を収容するポケット71を、円周方向に沿って複数有しており、内周の軸方向中間個所に凹部72が形成されている。各ポケット71の軸方向中間個所には、円周方向外側への広がり凹部73がある。円周方向に隣り合うポケット符号71,71の間には柱部74があり、各柱部74は、軸方向両側にある環状部75に連続している。   FIG. 3 shows a portal cage made by pressing and welding as the cage 7 of the roller bearing 6 of the present invention. The retainer 7 has a plurality of pockets 71 for accommodating the rollers 8 along the circumferential direction, and a recess 72 is formed at an axially intermediate position on the inner periphery. There is a recess 73 extending outward in the circumferential direction at an axially intermediate portion of each pocket 71. Between the pocket codes 71 and 71 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, there is a pillar portion 74, and each pillar portion 74 is continuous with the annular portions 75 on both sides in the axial direction.

保持器7は、鋼材を母材7aとするもので、その表面部のうち、少なくとも案内面となる外周面7bの側には、図3のA部分に拡大して示すように、熱硬化処理による硬化層7cが形成されており、この硬化層7cの表面に、硬化層7cより高硬度で硬化層7cに比べ薄膜の硬質膜として、DLC膜(ダイヤモンドライクカーボン膜)9がコーティングされ、このDLC膜9の表面上に、軟質膜としてAg膜10がコーティングされている。   The retainer 7 uses a steel material as a base material 7a. Among the surface portions, at least the outer peripheral surface 7b side serving as a guide surface has a thermosetting treatment as shown in an enlarged portion A in FIG. A hardened layer 7c is formed, and the surface of the hardened layer 7c is coated with a DLC film (diamond-like carbon film) 9 that is harder than the hardened layer 7c and is harder than the hardened layer 7c. On the surface of the DLC film 9, an Ag film 10 is coated as a soft film.

その詳細を、図3と、図4の(A)(B)(C)(D)とを参照して、製造過程の順に説明すると、保持器7の母材7aには、主としてSPCDのような炭素鋼、もしくはSCM415のような浸炭鋼が採用される。もみ抜き型の保持器では、SUJ2のような軸受鋼を用いてもよい。   The details will be described with reference to FIG. 3 and FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D in the order of the manufacturing process. The base material 7a of the cage 7 is mainly made of SPCD. Carbon steel or carburized steel such as SCM415 is employed. In the machined cage, a bearing steel such as SUJ2 may be used.

母材7aは、プレスと溶接とにより、所定の円筒形状に成形されて、表面は研磨される。この母材7aの外周の表面部には、浸炭焼入焼戻しにより硬化層7cが形成されて、表面の硬さがHV450以上とされる。最大HV580の硬さがあればよい。硬化層7cの深さは0.1mm以上とするが、もちろん母材7aの芯部には、硬化されない部分を残す必要があり、最大0.2mmの硬化深さがあればよい。   The base material 7a is formed into a predetermined cylindrical shape by pressing and welding, and the surface is polished. A hardened layer 7c is formed on the outer peripheral surface portion of the base material 7a by carburizing, quenching and tempering, and the surface hardness is set to HV450 or more. What is necessary is just the hardness of maximum HV580. Although the depth of the hardened layer 7c is 0.1 mm or more, of course, it is necessary to leave a portion that is not hardened in the core portion of the base material 7a.

硬化層7cの形成には、前記のほか、浸炭窒化、窒化等、他の熱硬化処理を用いてもよい。   In addition to the above, other thermosetting treatments such as carbonitriding and nitriding may be used for forming the hardened layer 7c.

ところで、熱硬化処理により硬化層7cを形成すると、硬化層7cの表面には、通常、図4の(A)に示すように、変質層として酸化物層11ができる。このような層11が残存していると、その表面上に成膜した場合、剥離しやすい等の問題が生じる。   By the way, when the hardened layer 7c is formed by thermosetting, the oxide layer 11 is usually formed on the surface of the hardened layer 7c as a deteriorated layer as shown in FIG. If such a layer 11 remains, problems such as easy peeling occur when a film is formed on the surface.

そこで、本実施形態では、硬化層7cを形成した後に、ショットブラスト、サンドブラスト等の機械的清浄法、もしくはエッチング等の化学的清浄法により、酸化物層11を除去し、図4の(B)に示すように、硬化層7cの表面(母材7aの外周面7bでもある)に酸化物が存在しない状態に清浄化する。除去の結果として、硬化層7cの表面部での酸素濃度が2ppm以下になっていればよい。   Therefore, in the present embodiment, after the hardened layer 7c is formed, the oxide layer 11 is removed by a mechanical cleaning method such as shot blasting or sand blasting, or a chemical cleaning method such as etching, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the surface of the hardened layer 7c (which is also the outer peripheral surface 7b of the base material 7a) is cleaned so that no oxide is present. As a result of the removal, it suffices if the oxygen concentration at the surface portion of the cured layer 7c is 2 ppm or less.

酸化物が除去された硬化層7cの表面7bの表面粗さは、十点平均粗さRz4.2以下である。   The surface roughness of the surface 7b of the cured layer 7c from which the oxide has been removed is 10-point average roughness Rz4.2 or less.

硬化層7cの表面7bに対しては、図4の(D)に示すように、硬質膜としてDLC膜9が被覆形成される。このDLC膜9の膜厚は、下地である硬化層7cの表面粗さ(Rz4.2以下)に対応して、2〜3μmに設定されている。   As shown in FIG. 4D, a DLC film 9 is formed as a hard film on the surface 7b of the hardened layer 7c. The film thickness of the DLC film 9 is set to 2 to 3 μm corresponding to the surface roughness (Rz 4.2 or less) of the hardened layer 7c as a base.

DLC膜9は、例えば、スパッタリングによりコーティングされる。このほか、CVD法、プラズマCVD法、イオンビーム形成法、イオン化蒸着法等、他の方法によりコーティングしてもよく、コーティング方法は特に問わない。コーティング時の温度は、できれば200℃以下、高くとも、浸炭処理の焼戻し温度より低い温度に設定されている必要がある。これは、DLC膜9のコーティング時の熱で、硬化層7cに硬度低下等の変質現象が起こらないようにするためである。   The DLC film 9 is coated by sputtering, for example. In addition, coating may be performed by other methods such as a CVD method, a plasma CVD method, an ion beam forming method, an ionized vapor deposition method, and the coating method is not particularly limited. The temperature at the time of coating should be set to 200 ° C. or less, if possible, lower than the tempering temperature of the carburizing process. This is to prevent a degeneration phenomenon such as a decrease in hardness in the hardened layer 7c due to the heat during coating of the DLC film 9.

硬質膜としては、DLC膜9のほかに、CrN膜等のクロム系の薄膜や、TiN膜、TiC膜等のチタン系の薄膜等がある。これらの膜のコーティング方法も特に限定しない。その膜厚、表面粗さは、DLC膜9と同様の値にすることが望ましい。また、コーティング時の温度は、できれば200℃以下、高くとも浸炭処理の焼戻し温度より低い温度にする必要がある。   In addition to the DLC film 9, examples of the hard film include a chromium-based thin film such as a CrN film and a titanium-based thin film such as a TiN film and a TiC film. The method for coating these films is not particularly limited. The film thickness and surface roughness are desirably set to the same values as those of the DLC film 9. Moreover, the temperature at the time of coating needs to be 200 degrees C or less if possible, and should be at most lower than the tempering temperature of the carburizing treatment.

DLC膜9の表面には、さらに、軟質膜としてAg膜10が被覆形成され、これで図3のA部分に既に示したような表面部構造の保持器7が得られる。このAg膜10のコーティング方法は、特に限定しないが、コーティング時の温度は、できれば200℃以下、高くとも300℃より低い温度にすることが望ましい。膜厚については、Ag膜10が使用、摺接により漸次摩滅していくことを考慮すると、耐用時間に対応して膜厚を決定する必要がある。   The surface of the DLC film 9 is further coated with an Ag film 10 as a soft film, whereby the cage 7 having the surface structure as already shown in part A of FIG. 3 is obtained. Although the coating method of this Ag film | membrane 10 is not specifically limited, As for the temperature at the time of coating, it is desirable to make it the temperature below 200 degreeC if possible, and lower than 300 degreeC at the highest. With regard to the film thickness, it is necessary to determine the film thickness corresponding to the service life considering that the Ag film 10 is gradually worn away by use and sliding contact.

軟質膜10は、Ag(銀)以外の固体潤滑剤で構成してもよい。軟質膜を構成する固体潤滑剤としては、銀のほかに、(1)金、鉛、すず、インジウム等の軟質金属、(2)黒鉛、二硫化モリブデン、二硫化タングステン等の層状構造体、(3)4フッ化エチレン(PTFE)、ポリアミド、ポリアセタール、ポリイミド等のプラスチック等がある。   The soft film 10 may be composed of a solid lubricant other than Ag (silver). As the solid lubricant constituting the soft film, in addition to silver, (1) a soft metal such as gold, lead, tin, and indium, (2) a layered structure such as graphite, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, ( 3) There are plastics such as tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyamide, polyacetal, and polyimide.

上記構成によれば、使用の初期段階では、Ag膜10の表面が案内面として、遊星ギア3等の外輪部材の内周面、もしくは支持ピン5等の内輪部材の外周面に接し、このAg膜10の潤滑作用により、すべり摩擦抵抗が大幅に減少し、遠心力等により相手面に強く摺接させられることがあっても、摩耗が少なく、早期に焼付きを起こすことがなく、また、相手部材に損傷を与えることがない。   According to the above configuration, at the initial stage of use, the surface of the Ag film 10 serves as a guide surface and contacts the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring member such as the planetary gear 3 or the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring member such as the support pin 5. Due to the lubricating action of the film 10, sliding friction resistance is greatly reduced, and even if it is strongly slidably contacted with the mating surface by centrifugal force or the like, there is little wear and no seizure occurs at an early stage. The counterpart member is not damaged.

この場合、Ag膜10はDLC膜9を保護し、高硬度で内部圧縮応力が大きいDLC膜9が、摺接等の繰り返しにより母材7aから剥離するのを防止する。   In this case, the Ag film 10 protects the DLC film 9, and prevents the DLC film 9 having a high hardness and a large internal compressive stress from being peeled off from the base material 7a due to repeated sliding contact or the like.

Ag膜10が長期の使用により摩耗し消耗したのちは、DLC膜9の表面が、相手面に対する案内面となって、低い摩擦係数で相手面に接触することになり、摩耗、焼付きを防止する。   After the Ag film 10 is worn out and consumed after long-term use, the surface of the DLC film 9 becomes a guide surface for the mating surface and comes into contact with the mating surface with a low coefficient of friction, preventing wear and seizure. To do.

このように、Ag膜10には、特に使用初期のなじみ段階で、DLC膜9を保護する作用があるので、DLC膜9の剥離に起因する母材7aの早期の摩耗、焼付きを防止し、保持器7の長寿命化を図ることができる。   As described above, the Ag film 10 has an action of protecting the DLC film 9 particularly at the familiar stage in the early stage of use, so that the base material 7a due to the peeling of the DLC film 9 is prevented from being prematurely worn and seized. The life of the cage 7 can be extended.

また、本発明の保持器7では、熱硬化処理により硬化層7cを形成するのに伴い、通常、硬化層7cの表面に生成される酸化物層11は除去され、硬化層7cの清浄な表面にDLC膜9がコーティングされるから、母材7aとDLC膜9との密着性が良好で、この点からもDLC膜9の剥離が生じにくい。   Further, in the cage 7 of the present invention, as the cured layer 7c is formed by the thermosetting treatment, the oxide layer 11 that is usually generated on the surface of the cured layer 7c is removed, and the clean surface of the cured layer 7c is removed. Since the DLC film 9 is coated, the adhesion between the base material 7a and the DLC film 9 is good, and the DLC film 9 is hardly peeled from this point.

上記実施形態では、保持器7を外輪案内型として、その案内面となる外周面7bの側に、硬化層7cと、DLC膜9等の硬質膜と、Ag膜10等の軟質膜とを形成するようにしたが、硬化層7cと硬質膜と軟質膜とは、母材7aの内周面の側に形成してもよく、また、外周面7bの側と内周面の側とにそれぞれ形成してもよい。   In the above embodiment, the cage 7 is an outer ring guide type, and the hardened layer 7c, the hard film such as the DLC film 9, and the soft film such as the Ag film 10 are formed on the outer peripheral surface 7b side serving as the guide surface. However, the hardened layer 7c, the hard film, and the soft film may be formed on the inner peripheral surface side of the base material 7a, and on the outer peripheral surface 7b side and the inner peripheral surface side, respectively. It may be formed.

また、上記実施形態では、プレスと溶接による造られる門型の保持器7を示したが、本発明は、他のタイプの保持器、例えば、もみ抜きにより造られるM型の保持器等にも適用可能である。   In the above embodiment, the portal cage 7 made by press and welding is shown. However, the present invention can be applied to other types of cages, for example, M-type cages made by milling. Applicable.

母材7aの硬化層7cの表面7bには、DLC膜9等の硬質膜を直接被覆形成するほか、Cr、W、Ti、Si、Ni、Fe、Co等の金属を主成分とする中間層を設けて、その外側に、DLC膜9等の硬質膜を被覆形成してもよい。中間層の金属成分は、母材7aの鋼材に含まれる金属であることが望ましい。このような中間層があると、硬質膜の剥離が防止されるだけでなく、内部応力の緩和を図ることができる。   On the surface 7b of the hardened layer 7c of the base material 7a, a hard film such as a DLC film 9 is directly coated, and an intermediate layer mainly composed of a metal such as Cr, W, Ti, Si, Ni, Fe, and Co. And a hard film such as the DLC film 9 may be formed on the outside. The metal component of the intermediate layer is desirably a metal contained in the steel material of the base material 7a. With such an intermediate layer, not only the hard film is prevented from peeling, but also internal stress can be relaxed.

本発明の保持器7を有するころ軸受6は、遊星ギア3に限らず、遊星ローラとその支持ピンとの間に介装してもよく、また、一般に、ケージアンドローラ型のころ軸受が設けられる個所に使用することができる。   The roller bearing 6 having the cage 7 of the present invention is not limited to the planetary gear 3, and may be interposed between the planetary roller and its support pin, and generally a cage and roller type roller bearing is provided. Can be used in places.

本発明のころ軸受の保持器を含む遊星式動力伝達装置の正面図。The front view of the planetary power transmission device containing the holder | retainer of the roller bearing of this invention. 図1の装置の縦断側面図。FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view of the apparatus of FIG. 1. 本発明のころ軸受の保持器の半部の断面図で、保持器の表面部の拡大断面形状を併せて示している。It is sectional drawing of the half part of the holder | retainer of the roller bearing of this invention, and has also shown the expanded cross-sectional shape of the surface part of a holder | retainer. 図3の保持器の製造過程を示すための表面部の拡大断面図。The expanded sectional view of the surface part for showing the manufacturing process of the holder | retainer of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

3 遊星ギア
5 キャリア
6 ころ軸受
7 保持器
7a 母材
7b 外周面
7c 硬化層
8 ころ
9 DLC膜(硬質膜)
10 Ag膜(軟質膜)
3 planetary gear 5 carrier 6 roller bearing 7 cage 7a base material 7b outer peripheral surface 7c hardened layer 8 roller 9 DLC film (hard film)
10 Ag film (soft film)

Claims (1)

母材表面に熱硬化処理による硬化層が形成され、硬化層の表面は酸化物層が除去されており、硬化層の表面に、硬化層より高硬度の硬質膜がコーティングされ、硬質膜の表面に、固体潤滑効果を有する軟質膜がコーティングされている、ことを特徴とするころ軸受用保持器。




A hardened layer is formed on the surface of the base material by heat-curing treatment, and the oxide layer is removed from the surface of the hardened layer. The hardened layer is coated with a hard film that is harder than the hardened layer. A roller bearing retainer characterized in that a soft film having a solid lubricating effect is coated thereon.




JP2003387589A 2003-11-18 2003-11-18 Retainer for roller bearing Pending JP2005147306A (en)

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Cited By (12)

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JP2007032758A (en) * 2005-07-28 2007-02-08 Toyota Motor Corp Combination of sliding members and internal combustion engine using combination of sliding members and sliding bearing mechanism
JP2007170467A (en) * 2005-12-20 2007-07-05 Teikoku Piston Ring Co Ltd Piston ring
JP2011502062A (en) * 2007-10-31 2011-01-20 ガラ・インダストリーズ・インコーポレイテッド Method of wear-resistant non-adhesive surface treatment for pelletizing and drying equipment components
WO2011122662A1 (en) 2010-03-30 2011-10-06 Ntn株式会社 Anti-friction bearing
WO2013042765A1 (en) 2011-09-22 2013-03-28 Ntn株式会社 Hard film, hard film formed body, and rolling bearing
US8449200B2 (en) 2007-05-21 2013-05-28 Ntn Corporation Resin composition for sliding member and rolling bearing
JP2014051200A (en) * 2012-09-07 2014-03-20 Advics Co Ltd Brake control device of vehicle
WO2014073615A1 (en) 2012-11-08 2014-05-15 Ntn株式会社 Rolling bearing cage and rolling bearing
DE102015210924A1 (en) * 2015-06-15 2016-07-07 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Wälzkörperkäfig a planetary gear bearing with lubrication pockets on the outer diameter
DE102018211017A1 (en) 2017-07-05 2019-01-10 Aktiebolaget Skf Galvanized component of a rolling bearing
US10995797B2 (en) 2017-07-05 2021-05-04 Aktiebolaget Skf Electroplated component of a rolling element bearing
FR3134860A1 (en) * 2022-04-22 2023-10-27 Skf Bearing element for a bearing unit, and bearing unit with increased service life.

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007032758A (en) * 2005-07-28 2007-02-08 Toyota Motor Corp Combination of sliding members and internal combustion engine using combination of sliding members and sliding bearing mechanism
JP2007170467A (en) * 2005-12-20 2007-07-05 Teikoku Piston Ring Co Ltd Piston ring
US8449200B2 (en) 2007-05-21 2013-05-28 Ntn Corporation Resin composition for sliding member and rolling bearing
JP2011502062A (en) * 2007-10-31 2011-01-20 ガラ・インダストリーズ・インコーポレイテッド Method of wear-resistant non-adhesive surface treatment for pelletizing and drying equipment components
US9051653B2 (en) 2010-03-30 2015-06-09 Ntn Corporation Rolling bearing
WO2011122662A1 (en) 2010-03-30 2011-10-06 Ntn株式会社 Anti-friction bearing
US9347491B2 (en) 2011-09-22 2016-05-24 Ntn Corporation Hard film, hard film formed body, and rolling bearing
WO2013042765A1 (en) 2011-09-22 2013-03-28 Ntn株式会社 Hard film, hard film formed body, and rolling bearing
JP2014051200A (en) * 2012-09-07 2014-03-20 Advics Co Ltd Brake control device of vehicle
WO2014073615A1 (en) 2012-11-08 2014-05-15 Ntn株式会社 Rolling bearing cage and rolling bearing
US9416821B2 (en) 2012-11-08 2016-08-16 Ntn Corporation Cage for rolling bearing and rolling bearing
DE102015210924A1 (en) * 2015-06-15 2016-07-07 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Wälzkörperkäfig a planetary gear bearing with lubrication pockets on the outer diameter
DE102018211017A1 (en) 2017-07-05 2019-01-10 Aktiebolaget Skf Galvanized component of a rolling bearing
US10995797B2 (en) 2017-07-05 2021-05-04 Aktiebolaget Skf Electroplated component of a rolling element bearing
FR3134860A1 (en) * 2022-04-22 2023-10-27 Skf Bearing element for a bearing unit, and bearing unit with increased service life.

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