JP2005144454A - Laser beam machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a laser beam machine equipped with a push/pull type dust collecting device which is economical and capable of suppressing expansion of the installation space. <P>SOLUTION: In the laser beam machine, the push/pull type dust collection is realized by installing an air blowing port 9 and an intake port 10 on the inner face of a machining table 5 on which a workpiece 3 is placed, communicating the blowing port 9 and the intake port 10 with a duct 7 outside the machining table 5, preparing a blower 6 in the middle of the duct 7, with a dust collecting filter 8 provided inside the duct 7 on the inlet end of the blower 6, and operating the blower 6 so that the air is blown from the air blowing port 9 and sucked from the intake port 10 by means of the single blower 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a laser beam machine equipped with a dust collector.

  In cutting with a conventional laser processing machine, the laser output obtained by the processing head decreases due to dust generated at the time of cutting, for example, due to a decrease in reflectivity due to adhesion of dust to an optical mirror that propagates laser light. However, there are problems that the machining becomes unstable, dust is mixed in precision drive system parts such as a ball screw that moves the machining head on the workpiece, and the machining accuracy is lowered due to early wear. Therefore, a number of dust collectors have been developed in the conventional laser beam machine.

For example, a laser processing machine that removes dust generated during cutting processing to the back side of the workpiece with assist gas and has a pair of suction / exhaust devices facing the back side to achieve dust collection (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). In order to further improve the dust collection effect, the pallet on which the workpiece is placed is partitioned by a plurality of partition plates, and a first opening and a second opening communicating with each space are formed, and a movement for holding the processing head The blower was attached to a position corresponding to the first opening of one leg of the base, one end of the hose connected to the dust collector was connected to a position corresponding to the second opening of the other leg, and the machining head moved Even in some cases, there is a laser processing machine configured to always collect dust in a space corresponding to the position of the processing head (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
Further, similarly to the above, the processing table is partitioned into a plurality of exhaust chambers by a partition plate, and each exhaust chamber is individually provided with an electric fan, and the other end is connected to an exhaust port connected to the dust collector and opens and closes this. There is also a thermal cutting machine provided with opening / closing drive means, reading the position of the machining head with a sensor, and operating only the electric fan and the opening / closing drive means of the exhaust chamber where the machining head is located to collect dust only in the exhaust chamber Yes (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-87591 (page 2-3, FIG. 1) JP-A-1-317697 (page 2-3, FIG. 1) JP2003-136248 (page 4-5, FIG. 2)

Some conventional laser processing machines collect dust by a so-called push-pull method having both a blower and a dust collector in order to enhance the dust collection effect. However, since a plurality of suction / exhaust devices are provided, there are problems such as an increase in installation cost and operation cost, and an increase in installation space.
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and provides a laser processing machine equipped with a dust collector that is economical and suppresses the expansion of the installation space.

  The laser processing machine according to the present invention is provided with an air inlet and an air inlet on the inner surface of the processing table, a duct in which the air inlet and the air inlet communicate with each other outside the processing table, and a blower and a dust collector in the middle of the duct. A filter is provided.

  The present invention is a push-pull intake / exhaust system that is effective for collecting dust by connecting a blower opening and an intake opening provided on the inner surface of the processing table with a duct, and providing a blower and a dust collecting filter in the duct. Can be realized by one apparatus. For this reason, it is economical and the expansion of an installation space can be suppressed. Moreover, since exhaust and exhaust are not circulated by circulating intake and exhaust, work environment deterioration can be prevented.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 shows an outline of a laser beam machine equipped with a dust collector in Embodiment 1 for carrying out the present invention, FIG. 2 is a top view thereof, and FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of -A '. In FIG. 1, a workpiece 3 is placed on a sword-shaped work support (not shown) installed on a processing table 5, and a processing head 1 held by a moving frame (not shown) is provided above the workpiece head 1. It is installed so that it can move freely on the workpiece 3. The workpiece 3 is irradiated with the laser beam 2 emitted from the machining head 1 and the workpiece 3 is moved to cut the workpiece 3 into a desired shape. One or more air vents 9 are provided on the first inner surface of the processing table 5, and one or more air inlets 10 are provided on the second inner surface facing the first inner surface. And the air inlet 10 are connected by a duct 7 outside the processing area. A blower 6 is installed in the middle of the duct, and a dust collecting filter 8 is installed on the intake side of the blower 6.

  In the laser processing machine equipped with the dust collector configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 2, the air blowing side of the blower 6 is connected to the air blowing port 9 in the processing table 5 through the duct 7. Since the intake side of the blower 6 is connected to the intake port 10 in the processing table 5 via the duct 7, when the blower 6 is operated, the blower 6 → the duct 7 → the blower port 9 → the inside of the processing table 5 → the intake port 10. A circulated air flow is generated: duct 7 → dust collecting filter 8 → blower 6. Therefore, push-pull dust collection is performed in the processing area as shown in FIG.

  Accordingly, dust or the like generated during the cutting process and removed by the assist gas to the back side of the workpiece, that is, into the processing table 5, is caused by the air flow from the air blowing port 9 to the air inlet 10 in the processing table 5. Sucked into. Dust or the like sucked from the air inlet 10 passes through the duct 7 and is removed by a dust collecting filter 8 installed on the air intake side of the blower 6. Further, the air from which dust or the like has been removed by the dust collecting filter 8 is sent again to the duct 7 by the blower 6. Therefore, according to the above configuration, push-pull type dust collection can be performed by one suction / exhaust device composed of the blower 6. In addition, since push-pull type dust collection is carried out with a single intake / exhaust device, it is economical and the expansion of the installation space can be suppressed. Moreover, since exhaust and exhaust are not circulated by circulating intake and exhaust, work environment deterioration can be prevented.

By the way, although the installation position of the filter 8 for dust collection is the intake side of the blower 6 in this embodiment, since the air after dust collection should flow into the processing table 5, the position of the duct 7 is set. May be installed. However, since it is desirable to avoid the dust from adhering to the blower 6, it is desirable to install it on the intake side of the blower 6 as in the present embodiment.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the installation positions of the air blowing port 9 and the air intake port 10 are the two inner surfaces facing the processing table 5, but the inner surfaces facing each other in the processing table 5 as shown in FIG. It may be installed on the bottom of the vicinity. In this case, the installation area can be reduced by installing the dust collection duct 7 under the processing table 5.

In the present embodiment, the laser processing machine that moves the processing head to process the workpiece into a desired shape has been described as an example. For example, the processing table on which the processing head is mounted and the processing head is placed in the horizontal direction is fixed. Or a laser processing machine that moves to the desired shape and moves the machining head in only one horizontal direction and moves the machining table on which the workpiece is placed in one horizontal direction perpendicular to that direction. You may apply to the laser processing machine processed into a shape. When processing by moving the processing table in this way, the processing table, duct and blower may be moved together, or the part connecting the duct blower and processing table is made of something like a bellows and the blower is fixed Only the processing table may be moved as it is.
Therefore, the above-described dust collecting device can be applied to a laser processing machine that performs processing by changing the relative position of the processing head with respect to the processing table. The following embodiments are also described by taking a laser processing machine with a fixed processing table as an example, but the present invention can also be applied to a laser processing machine that performs processing by moving the processing table.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the second embodiment when the processing table 5 is partitioned into a plurality of spaces, and FIG. 5 is a top view. In FIG. 4, a plurality of processing tables 5 are formed by a plurality of partition plates 11 a to 11 c provided in a direction perpendicular to the inner surface facing the processing table 5 provided with the air blowing port 9 and the air inlet 10 in the first embodiment. The air outlets 9a to 9d and the air inlets 10a to 10d are respectively installed facing the spaces A to D as shown in FIG. Each of the air blowing ports 9 a to 9 d communicates with the duct 7 and is connected to the air blowing side of the blower 6. The intake ports 10a to 10d communicate with each other through a duct 7 and are connected to the intake side of the blower 6 through a dust collecting filter 8.
In each space A to D partitioned in the processing table 5 by this configuration, for example, in the space A, air sent from the blower 6 passes through the duct 7 and is blown from the blower opening 9a to the space A, and the blower 8 is in the space A. Since air is sucked from the air intake 10a through the duct 7, air can flow from the air blowing port 9a to the air intake 10a in the space A, and push-pull type dust collection is performed as in FIG. 3A of the first embodiment. Can be implemented. Of course, similar dust collection can be performed in the spaces B, C, and D. In FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the inside of the processing table is divided into four spaces by three partition plates, but the number of divisions is not particularly limited to four, taking into account the size of the processing table, dust collection capacity, etc. It is determined as appropriate.

  In the first embodiment, there is a possibility that the air flow becomes worse at the corner portion or the like in the processing table 5 and the dust collecting effect is deteriorated. However, according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. By dividing the inside of the space 5 into small spaces and carrying out push-pull dust collection in each space, a uniform dust collection effect can be obtained in the processing table 5. Of course, it goes without saying that the effects of the first embodiment are obtained.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 6 shows an outline of the third embodiment when the on-off valves are installed at the air blowing ports 9a to 9d and the intake ports 10a to 10d of the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a top view and FIG. FIG. 8A is a transverse sectional view taken along the line aa ′ in FIG. 7, and FIG. 8B is a transverse sectional view taken along the line bb ′ in FIG. 7. In FIG. 6, on-off valves 109 a to 109 d and 110 a to 110 d are respectively installed in the air blowing ports 9 a to 9 d and the air intake ports 10 a to 10 d in Embodiment 2, and the on-off valves are operated by the on-off valve control device 16. Be controlled.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIG. The on-off valves in the spaces A to D partitioned by the processing table 5 are controlled to open and close in accordance with the position of the processing head 1 in the X-axis direction. Here, the X-axis direction is a direction perpendicular to the partition plate 11 and is the coordinate axis shown in FIG. The position of the machining head 1 in the X-axis direction is detected by the machining position detection device 22. For example, the processing position detection device 22 detects by a position sensor (for example, an encoder or the like) attached to an X-axis servomotor that moves the processing head 1 in the X-axis direction. This is realized by mechanical detection by stepping on switches arranged in the X-axis direction in accordance with the movement in the X-axis direction. The detected machining head position information is sent to the on-off valve control device 16, and the on-off valve control device 16 opens only the on-off valve in the partitioned space immediately below where the processing head 1 is located, and closes the on-off valves in other spaces. To control.
For example, as shown in FIG. 7, when the processing position 111 is on the partitioned space A, only the opening / closing valve 109a of the air blowing port 9a and the opening / closing valve 110a of the air intake port 10a are opened, and the other opening / closing valves 109b-d, 110b-d are controlled to close. FIG. 8A shows a cross section of the processing table 5 in the space A corresponding to the processing position, and FIG. 8B shows a cross section in a space other than the processing position, for example, the space B. As shown in FIG. 8 (a), the on-off valves 109a and 110a are opened just below the machining position, air flows from the air blowing port 9a toward the air intake port 10a, and push-pull dust collection is performed. On the other hand, in FIG. 8B other than the processing position, the on-off valve is closed and no air flows.

  Therefore, in addition to the effect of the second embodiment, the dust collection effect can be concentrated only in one space. For example, if the same blower as that of the second embodiment is used, the effect of increasing the dust collection effect can be obtained. In addition, if the dust collection effect is similar to that of the second embodiment, a blower having a lower capacity than that of the second embodiment can be used, and an effect of suppressing the introduction cost and running cost can be obtained.

  In FIG. 8 (a), the on-off valve is opened into the processing table 5, but it may be opened toward the duct side or may be a valve that slides along the inner surface of the processing table 5 like a sliding door. Or a valve shaped like a camera iris.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 9 is a top view of a laser beam machine showing Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In FIG. 9, 6a is a forward rotation blower that blows air in the same direction as in the first to third embodiments, 6b is a reverse rotation blower that blows air in a direction opposite to the forward rotation blower 6a, and 12a and 12b are in the duct 7. A branch valve that switches the air path in the duct, 8a is a dust collection filter for a forward rotation blower, 8b is a dust collection filter for a reverse rotation blower, and 13 is a branch that controls the operation of the branch valves 12a and 12b. The valve control device 14 is a blower control device that controls ON / OFF of the blowers 6a and 6b.
The basic configuration is the same as that of the third embodiment, but as shown in FIG. 9, the middle of the duct 7 that connects the air inlet and the air inlet is branched into two paths, and one of the branched first ducts has A normal rotation blower 6a is installed, and a reverse rotation blower 6b is installed in parallel in the other second duct. Branch valves 12a and 12b are provided at two branch points of the duct 7, respectively, and the first duct provided with the forward rotation blower 6a is connected to the blower ports 9a to 9d and the intake ports 10a to 10b, or a reverse rotation blower. It is possible to switch the path to communicate with the second duct provided with 6b.

The machining position detection device 22 detects only the X axis direction in the third embodiment, but also detects the machining position in the Y axis direction in the present embodiment. Here, the Y-axis direction is a coordinate axis shown in FIG. 9 in a direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction, that is, a direction passing through the opposed intake port 10 and air blowing port 9. The detection method is the same as the detection method in the X-axis direction. In the third embodiment, the machining position in the X-axis direction is detected, and push-pull dust collection is performed by opening the on-off valve only in the space located immediately below the machining position.
In this embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the third embodiment, the machining position in the Y-axis direction is also detected, and when the machining position is close to the intake port, the air flow in the machining table 5 is transferred from the blower port to the intake port. When the machining position is close to the blower port, the air flow in the machining table 5 is reversed, air is sent from the intake port to the blower port, and the air is sucked into the blower port. It should be close to the intake side.

  Next, the operation will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 9A, a case where the machining position 111 is on the side of the space A close to the air inlet 10a will be described. The machining position detection device 22 detects that the machining position in the X-axis direction is in the space A, and the detected machining position information is sent to the on-off valve control device 16, and the on-off valve control device 16 performs the embodiment. 3 is controlled so that only the opening / closing valve 110a of the intake port 10a and the opening / closing valve 109a of the air blowing port 9a are opened, and the other opening / closing valves 110b to 110d and 109b to 109d are closed. Further, the machining position detection device 22 detects that the machining position in the Y-axis direction is closer to the air inlet 10a than the air blowing port 9a, and the detected machining position information is the branch valve control device 13 and the blower control device 14. The branch valves 12a and 12b are controlled by the branch valve control device 13 so as to communicate with the first duct provided with the forward rotation blower 6a, and the blower control device 14 controls the blower 6a. ON and the blower 6b are controlled to be OFF. Therefore, as in the air flow shown in FIG. 9A, push-pull dust collection is performed so that the processing position 111 is on the intake side only in the space A. Of course, when the processing position 111 is located in any of the spaces B, C, and D other than the space A, it goes without saying that push-pull dust collection is performed in that space.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9B, a case where the processing position 111 is on the side of the space A close to the air blowing port 9a will be described. Since the machining position detection device 22 detects that the machining position in the X-axis direction is in the space A, in this case, as in the third embodiment, the opening / closing valve 110a of the intake port 10a and the opening / closing of the blower port 9a are opened and closed. Only the valve 109a is opened, and the other on-off valves 110b to 110d and 109b to 109d are controlled by the on-off valve control device 16 so as to close. Further, it is detected by the machining position detection device 22 that the machining position in the Y-axis direction is closer to the air blowing port 9a than the intake port 10a, and the detected machining position information is the branch valve control device 13 and the blower control device 14. The branch valves 12a and 12b are controlled by the branch valve control device 13 so as to communicate with the second duct provided with the reverse rotation blower 6b, and the blower control device 14 controls the blower 6a. OFF and the blower 6b are controlled to be ON. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9B, the air flow is in the direction opposite to that in FIG. 9A, and push-pull dust collection is performed so that the processing position 111 is on the intake side only in the space A. Will be.

  In the third embodiment, when the processing position 111 is closer to the air blowing port than the air inlet, there is a possibility that dust will be diffused and a problem that a sufficient dust collecting effect cannot be obtained may occur. However, in this embodiment, by adopting the configuration as described above, the machining position in the Y-axis direction is detected, and the branch valves 12a and 12b and the forward / reverse rotation blowers 6a and 6b in the duct are controlled. Therefore, the machining position 111 can always be close to the intake side, and the possibility that dust is diffused is reduced, so that a sufficient dust collecting effect can be obtained. Therefore, the dust collection effect is further improved as compared with the third embodiment.

  By the way, in the present embodiment, the blower control device 14 controls only the blower ON / OFF. However, the blower control device 14 may control the rotational speed of the blower other than ON / OFF. The amount of dust 4 generated by laser processing varies depending on the material of the workpiece 3. For example, high carbon steel tends to generate more dust than materials such as stainless steel. Also, the amount of dust generated varies depending on the processing method, and a large amount of dust is generated particularly when high-speed cutting of mild steel with high-power laser light. Considering the power consumption required for the blower rotation, the operator can input the optimum rotation speed of the blower to the blower control device 14 in accordance with the material and processing method of the workpiece 3, so that the minimum running cost is sufficient. A dust collection effect is obtained. The same effect can be obtained even if such rotational speed control of the blower is applied to other embodiments.

  In addition, an anemometer may be installed in the duct 7 in order to detect that the wind speed in the pipe suddenly decreases, such as when a foreign object enters the duct 7. Further, a thermometer may be installed in the duct 7 in order to detect that foreign matter has entered the duct 7 and the blower is overloaded and abnormally heated. Of course, both an anemometer and a thermometer may be installed in the duct 7. The same effect can be obtained even when this configuration is applied to other embodiments.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
This embodiment is a modification of the fourth embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, the air flow in the processing table 5 is reversed by two blowers and two branch valves. However, in this embodiment, one blower capable of changing the forward / reverse rotation direction and shutters provided at four locations. Thus, the air flow in the processing table 5 is reversed. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a dust collector of a laser beam machine showing Embodiment 5 of the present invention. The processing machine main body has the same configuration as in FIG. In FIG. 10, the duct 7 is bifurcated on the air blowing side and the air intake side of the blower 6, and is bifurcated on the air intake side in the forward rotation of the blower 6, that is, the side connected to the intake ports 10 a to 10 d. One of the first duct 7a, the other second duct 7d, and the blower 6 in the forward rotation, that is, the third branch branched into two branches on the side connected to the blowing ports 9a to 9d. Of the four branched ducts of the duct 7b and the other fourth duct 7c, the dust collecting filters 8a and 8b are installed in the first duct 7a and the third duct 7b. In addition, shutters 15a to 15d are installed in the first duct 7a, the second duct 7d, the third duct 7b, and the fourth duct 7c so as to open and close each duct. The rotation direction of the blower 6 is controlled by the blower control device 14, and the opening / closing operation of the shutters 15 a to 15 d is controlled by the shutter control device 20.

Next, the operation will be described. When the processing position is close to the intake ports 10a to 10d, the blower 6 may send air through the duct 7 to the blower ports 9a to 9d. According to the processing position information sent from the processing position detection device 22 to the blower control device 14 and the shutter control device 20, the blower control device 14 rotates the blower 6 forward, and the shutter control device 20 opens the shutters 15a and 15c. By closing the shutters 15b and 15d, an air flow from the first duct 7a to the fourth duct 7c is generated, and an air flow from the blower port 9 to the intake port 10 is generated in the processing table 5, and the processing position Is close to the intake side. On the other hand, when the processing position is close to the blower ports 9a to 9d, the blower 6 may send air to the intake ports 10a to 10d through the duct 7, so that the blower 6 is rotated in the reverse direction and the shutters 15a and 15c are closed. The shutters 15b and 15d are opened. As a result, an air flow from the third duct 7b to the second duct 7d is generated, and in the processing table 5, an air flow opposite to normal is generated from the air inlet 10 to the air outlet 9, and the processing position is It becomes a state close to the intake side.
In the present embodiment, the same effect as that of the fourth embodiment can be obtained by adopting the above-described configuration and performing the above-described operation.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a dust collector showing Embodiment 6 of the present invention, which is an improved invention of Embodiment 5. FIG. In FIG. 11, the structures of the duct 7 and the blower 6 are the same as those in FIG. 10 of the fifth embodiment. In the present embodiment, dust collecting filters 8a, 8d, 8b, 8c are installed in all of the first duct 7a, the second duct 7d, the third duct 7b, and the fourth duct 7c, and each dust collecting filter is used. A pair of shutters 15a, 15d, 15b, and 15c are provided in each dust collection filter so as to sandwich the filter. Each dust collection filter is provided with air pulses 17a to 17d for blowing compressed air onto the surface of the dust collection filter in order to remove dust adhering to the surface of the dust collection filter, and further each dust collection filter. Are provided with differential pressure gauges 18a to 18d for measuring a pressure difference between both ends of the dust collecting filter.

  In this embodiment, when the exhaust direction is switched, shutters are installed before and after all dust collection filters so that dust attached to the dust collection filter is not rewound to the processing table side. The exhaust direction is automatically switched by operating the shutter at the same time as switching the direction. For example, when the processing position changes from a state close to the air inlet 10 to a state close to the air outlet 9, the exhaust state flowing from the dust collection filters 8a to 8c may be changed to the state flowing from 8b to 8d. When the machining position information detected by the machining position detection device 22 is sent to the blower control device 14 and the shutter control device 20 and it is necessary to change the exhaust state as described above, the blower control device 14 rotates the blower 6. The direction is switched from forward rotation to reverse rotation, and the shutter control device 20 closes the shutter 15a and the shutter 15c, and opens the shutter 15b and the shutter 15c. Accordingly, it is possible to switch to the exhaust direction in which the dust adhering to the dust collection filter 8a and the dust collection filter 8c flows from the dust collection filter 8b to the dust collection filter 8d without rolling back to the processing table side. .

  Further, according to the present embodiment, each differential pressure gauge 18a indicates that the dust collected by the blower 6 adheres to each of the dust collection filters 8a to 8d and becomes clogged, so that sufficient dust collection performance cannot be obtained. It is characterized by detecting at ˜18d, and means for recovering this, and dust collection can be continued even during the recovery, so that the downtime of the laser processing machine does not occur. For example, when the exhaust gas flows from the dust collection filter 8b to 8d, the dust collection filter 8c, the shutter 15c of the dust collection filter 8a, and the shutter 15a are closed, and it is detected that the differential pressure gauge 18b exceeds a certain value. Then, the shutter control device 20 closes the shutter 15b and opens the shutter 15c. As a result, an exhaust state flows from the dust collection filter 8c to the dust collection filter 8d. Immediately after the exhaust path is switched, the air pulse 17b blows the compressed air on the dust collecting filter 8b by an air pulse control device (not shown) to remove dust adhering to the surface and eliminate clogging.

  Next, when the dust collecting filter 8c is clogged, the operation of exhausting the dust collecting filter 8b to the dust collecting filter 8d is repeated. Further, when it is necessary to switch the rotation direction of the blower 6, that is, the blowing direction based on the processing position information sent by the processing position detection device 22, the shutter control device 20 is used until just before the upstream side and the downstream side after switching the blower rotation direction. Open the dust collecting filter shutter that was not used, close the dust collecting filter shutter that was used until immediately before, and immediately restore the dust collecting filter by air pulse. By carrying out these series of operations continuously, a long-term stable dust collection effect can be obtained.

  By the way, in the above-described fourth, fifth, and sixth embodiments, the basic configuration has been described using the laser beam machine described in the third embodiment. However, the laser beam machine described in the first and second embodiments. In addition, it goes without saying that the dust collection effect is improved even if the dust collection device that switches the direction of air flow in the machining table according to the position in the Y-axis direction of the machining head described in the fourth, fifth, and sixth embodiments is applied. .

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a laser beam machine according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an upper surface of the laser beam machine according to the first embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the cross section of the laser beam machine of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the laser beam machine of Embodiment 2. FIG. It is the schematic which shows the upper surface of the laser beam machine of Embodiment 2. FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a laser beam machine according to a third embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an upper surface of a laser beam machine according to a third embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the cross section of the laser beam machine of Embodiment 3. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the upper surface of a laser beam machine according to a fourth embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the dust collector of the laser beam machine of Embodiment 5. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a dust collector of a laser beam machine according to a sixth embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

  1 Processing Head, 2 Laser Light, 3 Workpiece, 4 Dust, 5 Processing Table, 6 Blower, 7 Dust Collection Duct, 8 Dust Collection Filter, 9a-9d Blower, 10a-10d Inlet, 11a-11c Partition Plate, 12a, 12b Branch valve, 13 Branch valve control device, 14 Blower control device, 15a-15d Shutter, 16 On-off valve control device, 17 Air pulse, 18 Differential pressure gauge, 20 Shutter control device, 22 Processing position detection device, 109a- 109b Blower opening / closing valve, 110a-110b Inlet opening / closing valve, 111 processing position

Claims (10)

Processing table,
A machining head in which a relative position with respect to the machining table is variably held on the machining table;
An air outlet provided on the inner surface of the processing table;
An intake port provided at a position substantially opposite to the blower port on the inner surface of the processing table;
A dust collector that removes dust generated during processing by flowing air from the blower port to the intake port, from the processing table;
The dust collector is
A duct for communicating the air blowing port and the air intake port outside the processing table;
A blower that also serves as ventilation and intake installed in the middle of the duct;
A laser processing machine having a dust collection filter installed in the middle of the duct. Processing table,
A machining head in which a relative position with respect to the machining table is variably held on the machining table;
A partition plate that partitions the interior of the processing table into a plurality of spaces in one direction;
An air outlet provided on the inner surface of each partitioned space;
An intake port provided at a position substantially opposite to the air blowing port of each partitioned space;
A dust collector that removes dust generated during processing by flowing air from the blower port to the intake port from each space in the processing table;
The dust collector is
A duct for communicating the air blowing port and the air intake port outside the processing table;
A blower also serving as air blowing and air intake installed in the middle of the duct;
A laser processing machine having a dust collection filter installed in the middle of the duct. An on-off valve for opening and closing the air blowing port and the air inlet;
An on-off valve control device for controlling the on-off valve;
A machining position detection device for detecting the position of the machining head;
The on-off valve control device comprises:
Obtaining the position information of the machining head from the machining position detecting device, opening the opening and closing valves of the air inlet and the intake port of the partitioned space immediately below the machining head, and the other of the partitioned spaces The laser processing machine according to claim 2, wherein the on-off valve is controlled so as to close the on-off valve of the air blowing port and the air inlet. A machining position detecting device for detecting the position of the machining head;
Obtaining positional information of the machining head from the machining position detection device, when the machining head is close to the intake port side, intake from the intake port, and when close to the blower port side, intake from the blower port, The laser processing machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising means for changing a flow direction of air in the processing table in accordance with a position of the processing head. Obtaining positional information of the machining head from the machining position detection device, when the machining head is close to the intake port side, intake from the intake port, and when close to the blower port side, intake from the blower port, The laser processing machine according to claim 3, further comprising means for changing a direction of air flow in the processing table in accordance with a position of the processing head. The means for changing the direction of the air flow is:
The blower is composed of first and second blowers,
The dust collection filter is composed of first and second dust collection filters,
In the middle of one of the first ducts branched from the duct, the first blower installed so as to blow air from the air blowing port and suck air from the air intake port;
The first dust collecting filter installed on the intake side of the first blower in the middle of the first duct;
In the middle of the other second duct branched from the duct, the second blower installed so that the air blowing direction is opposite to the first blower;
The second dust collecting filter installed on the intake side of the second blower in the middle of the second duct;
A branch valve that selects either the first duct or the second duct so as to communicate with the blower port and the intake port at a branch portion of the duct;
A branch valve control device for controlling the operation of the branch valve,
The branch valve control device obtains position information of the machining head from the machining position detection device, and when the machining head is close to the intake port side, the first duct communicates the blower port and the intake port. The branch valve is operated so that the second duct communicates with the air inlet and the air inlet when the processing head is close to the air outlet side. The laser processing machine according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the operation of the branch valve is controlled so that the valve is close to the intake side. The means for changing the direction of the air flow is:
The dust collection filter is composed of first and second dust collection filters,
The first dust collecting filter installed in one first duct branched from the duct on the intake side of the blower;
A first shutter installed in the first duct for opening and closing the duct;
A second shutter installed on the other second duct branched from the duct on the intake side of the blower, for opening and closing the duct;
The second dust collecting filter installed in one third duct branched from the duct on the air blowing side of the blower;
A third shutter installed in the third duct for opening and closing the duct;
A fourth shutter installed on the other fourth duct branched from the duct on the air blowing side of the blower;
A shutter control device for controlling the operation of the first to fourth shutters;
A blower control device for controlling the rotation direction of the blower;
The shutter control device obtains position information of the processing head from the processing position detection device, and opens the first shutter and the fourth shutter when the processing head is close to the intake port side. The shutter and the third shutter are controlled to be closed, and when the processing head is close to the air blowing port side, the first shutter and the fourth shutter are closed, and the second shutter and the third shutter are opened. Control to open,
The blower control device obtains positional information of the machining head from the machining position detection device, and when the machining head is close to the intake port side, the rotation direction of the blower is such that the first duct side is the intake side And when the processing head is close to the air blowing port side, the rotation direction of the blower is controlled in the opposite direction to that when the processing head is close to the air inlet side so that the third duct side is the air intake side. And
6. The laser beam machine according to claim 4, wherein the shutter and the blower are controlled so that the machining position is always close to the intake side. A third dust collecting filter installed in the second duct;
A fourth dust collecting filter installed in the fourth duct;
The first to fourth shutters are composed of a pair of shutters so as to sandwich a dust collecting filter,
A differential pressure gauge for measuring a difference in air pressure on both sides of the dust collecting filter;
An air pulse that blows compressed air onto the dust collection filter to eliminate clogging of the dust collection filter;
An air pulse control device for controlling the operation of the air pulse,
When the dust collection filter is clogged and the value of the differential pressure gauge exceeds a set value, the shutter control device and the air pulse control device close the shutter and clog the dust collection filter with the air pulse. The laser processing machine according to claim 7, wherein the shutter and the air pulse are controlled so as to be canceled and the shutter is opened again. The laser beam machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a blower control device that controls a rotation speed of the blower. The laser processing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein an anemometer and / or a thermometer is installed in the duct.

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