JP2005142257A - Solenoid - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solenoid with which a stable operation can be obtained by suppressing core deviation and inclination of a movable magnetic pole, which occur due to accumulation tolerance of components since a structure becomes complicated like three positions or four positions. <P>SOLUTION: A bearing 19 is fixed to a fixed magnetic pole 13. A shaft 16 is inserted through an inner circumference of the bearing 19, and an outer circumference is inserted with a through hole having a step in a first movable pole 11. When a first coil 20 and a second coil 21 are conducted or are not conducted after they are conducted, the shaft 16 moves to a tip side or a base end side with movement of the first movable pole 11 and a second movable magnetic pole 12. The bearing 19 slides with the shaft 16 in the inner circumference and with the through hole having the step of the first movable magnetic pole 11 in the outer circumference. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure of a solenoid, and more particularly to a structure of a shaft and a bearing, a movable magnetic pole and a bearing.

  The basic structure of the direct acting solenoid is a coil that generates magnetic flux, a movable magnetic pole that operates by the generation of magnetic flux, a shaft that is fixed to the movable magnetic pole, a fixed magnetic pole that blocks the movement of the movable magnetic pole, a case that serves as a housing for the solenoid, It is composed of a bearing that slides on the outer periphery of the movable magnetic pole or the outer periphery of the shaft.

However, recent direct acting type solenoids have been conceived of a three-position or four-position type that can hold one or two positions at the intermediate point between the start point and the end point of operation.
(For example, Patent Document 1)

However, in the case of a solenoid such as a 3 position or a 4 position, the peripheral structure of the movable magnetic pole becomes complicated as in Patent Document 1, and the number of parts increases. Therefore, misalignment and inclination of the movable magnetic pole are likely to occur due to accumulation of dimensional tolerances. When the coil is energized, it is easy to be affected by misalignment and inclination because it also generates a force to pull the movable magnetic pole in the lateral direction in constructing the magnetic circuit, as well as the force that moves the movable magnetic pole in the axial direction. There was a problem of causing malfunction.
Prior application: Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-160141

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and the structure is complicated as in the 3 position and 4 position, and the misalignment and inclination of the movable magnetic pole caused by the cumulative tolerance of parts are minimized. An object of the present invention is to provide a solenoid capable of obtaining a stable operation.

  In order to solve the above problems, a shaft, a coil for generating magnetic flux, and a through hole through which the shaft is inserted and having a step, further constitute a magnetic circuit and move in the axial direction of the shaft. A movable magnetic pole, a magnetic circuit together with the movable magnetic pole, a fixed magnetic pole that prevents the movable magnetic pole from moving in an axial direction at a predetermined position, and a cylindrical shape fixed to the through hole of the fixed magnetic pole In addition, the shaft is inserted through the inner periphery, and the bearing has a bearing inserted through the through hole of the movable magnetic pole.

  Therefore, since two places are inserted and supported by one bearing, misalignment and inclination of peripheral parts including the movable magnetic pole can be suppressed, and stable operation can be obtained. Further, in the above configuration, the bearing can be further extended in the direction of the tip of the shaft so as to protrude from the fixed magnetic pole.

  The present invention inserts and supports the inner periphery and shaft of the bearing fixed to the fixed magnetic pole and the movable magnetic pole inserted through the outer periphery and the shaft together, so that the misalignment and inclination of the movable magnetic pole caused by the accumulation of dimensional tolerances of each component. And stable operation can be obtained. Further, a more stable operation can be obtained by extending the bearing in the distal side axial direction.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, a bearing is fixed to the fixed magnetic pole, the inner periphery of the bearing is inserted through the shaft, and the outer periphery is inserted through the through hole of the movable magnetic pole so as to be slidably supported. There is. An embodiment having this feature will be described below.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a solenoid according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 10 is a solenoid, 11 is a first movable magnetic pole, 12 is a second movable magnetic pole, 13 is a first fixed magnetic pole, 14 is a second fixed magnetic pole, 16 is a shaft, 18 is a spacer, 19 is a bearing, The first coil, 21 is the second coil, 22 is the sleeve, 23 is the spring, 27a is the upper case, 27b is the lower case, 28 is the air gap spacer, 40 is the first bobbin, and 41 is the second bobbin. In the following description, the upper side of FIG. 1 is referred to as the proximal end side, and the lower side of FIG. 1 is referred to as the distal end side. The same applies to other drawings.

The solenoid 10 is configured such that the shaft 16 moves linearly between three stop positions. It is also possible to move the shaft 16 without stopping it at an intermediate position.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the bearing fixed to the through hole of the fixed magnetic pole is inserted into the shaft fixed or inserted to the movable magnetic pole on the inner periphery, and inserted into the through hole of the movable magnetic pole on the outer periphery of the bearing. It is characterized by that.
Below, the main structures of the solenoid 10 are demonstrated.

  The first movable magnetic pole 11 is one of magnetic poles provided so as to be slidable, and has a protruding shape on the distal end side and a concave shape on the proximal end side. The shapes of the proximal end side and the distal end side are provided so as to face the recessed shape of the first fixed magnetic pole 13 and the protruding shape of the second movable magnetic pole 12, respectively.

The first movable magnetic pole 11 is inserted with a shaft 16 made of a non-magnetic material, a step is provided in a through hole on the tip side through which the shaft 16 is inserted, and the outer periphery of the bearing 19 is inserted. ing.
Since the outer periphery of the first movable magnetic pole 11 is larger on the distal end side than the proximal end side and a step is provided near the center in the axial direction, the first coil 20 is non-electromagnetically non-magnetic at the step end surface. The second fixed magnetic pole 14 is in contact with the spacer 18 formed of a material.

  Further, an air gap exists between the first movable magnetic pole 11 and the first fixed magnetic pole 13. When the first coil 20 is energized, the magnetic flux that has passed through the air gap constitutes one magnetic circuit together with the second fixed magnetic pole 14, the lower case 27b, and the first fixed magnetic pole 13, and the first movable magnetic pole 11 and the first fixed magnetic pole Therefore, the first movable magnetic pole 11 pushes the shaft 16 toward the tip side. Therefore, the first movable magnetic pole 11 slides with the outer periphery of the bearing 19 through the stepped through-hole, and the shaft 16 moves while sliding with respect to the inner periphery of the bearing 19. 2 The state is in contact with the fixed magnetic pole 13.

  The second movable magnetic pole 12 has a protruding shape and is provided so as to face the first movable magnetic pole 11. A step is provided on the outer periphery of the magnetic pole portion so that the base end side becomes larger, and a spring 23 is inserted, and one end of the spring 23 is locked on the step end surface. Furthermore, it is arranged on the base end side with respect to the first movable magnetic pole 11, and a shaft 16 made of a nonmagnetic material is inserted and fixed in the central through hole.

  An air gap exists between the second movable magnetic pole 12 and the first movable magnetic pole 11. When the second coil 21 is energized, the magnetic flux that has passed through the air gap constitutes one magnetic circuit together with the second fixed magnetic pole 14, the lower case 27 b, the upper case 27 a, and the first movable magnetic pole 11. An attractive force is generated between the first movable magnetic pole 11 and the first movable magnetic pole 11. For this reason, the second movable magnetic pole 12 pushes the shaft 16 further toward the tip side, and at the same time, the shaft 16 fixed to the second movable magnetic pole 12 is positioned on the inner periphery of the bearing 19 fixed to the through hole of the fixed magnetic pole 13. Since the second movable magnetic pole 12 and the first movable magnetic pole 11 are in contact with each other, the second movable magnetic pole 12 and the first movable magnetic pole 11 are in contact with each other.

  As described above, when only the first coil 20 is energized, the first movable magnetic pole 11 slides on the stepped through hole and the outer periphery of the bearing 19, and the shaft 16 slides on the inner periphery of the bearing 19. Move while moving. When the second coil 21 is energized, the shaft 16 moves while sliding relative to the inner periphery of the bearing 19.

  The first fixed magnetic pole 13 is one of fixed magnetic poles, and the magnetic pole portion has a concave shape. The first movable magnetic pole 11 is provided so as to face the protruding shape, and a bearing 19 is fixed to the central through hole. The casing of the solenoid 10 is formed together with the upper case 27a and the lower case 27b.

  The second fixed magnetic pole 14 is one of the magnetic poles provided in a fixed manner, is provided so as to surround the first movable magnetic pole 11, and locks one end of the spring 23. When the coil 20 is not energized, the end face of the outer peripheral step of the first movable magnetic pole 11 is in contact with the spacer 18.

  The shaft 16 is made of a nonmagnetic material and is inserted through the first movable magnetic pole 11, the second movable magnetic pole 12, the first fixed magnetic pole 13, and the bearing 19. Further, the shaft 16 is provided with a step that becomes thicker near the center in the axial direction, and is in contact with the step of the through hole of the first movable magnetic pole 11 at this step. For this reason, when the first coil 20 is energized, the shaft 16 is also moved toward the tip side by being pushed by the first movable magnetic pole 11. At this time, the shaft 16 moves while sliding with the inner periphery of the bearing 19.

  The spacer 18 has a ring shape made of a nonmagnetic material, and is provided so as to be interposed between the step on the outer periphery of the first movable magnetic pole 11 and the second fixed magnetic pole 14. The movable magnetic pole 11 is inserted.

  The bearing 19 is fixed to the through hole of the first fixed magnetic pole 13 and is made of a nonmagnetic material. Since the inner periphery of the bearing 19 is inserted through the shaft 16 and the outer periphery is inserted through a through hole having a step of the first movable magnetic pole 11, the first coil 20 is energized with respect to the outer periphery of the bearing 19 when the first coil 20 is energized. It slides in the through hole of the movable magnetic pole 11 and moves while sliding with the shaft 16 with respect to the inner periphery of the bearing 19. When the second coil 21 is energized, only the shaft 16 moves while sliding relative to the inner periphery of the bearing 19. Therefore, since the bearing 19 is configured to support two moving bodies as one, misalignment and inclination of the first movable magnetic pole 11 and the second movable magnetic pole 12 can be minimized.

  The first coil 20 has a first bobbin 40 made of a nonmagnetic material as a casing, and is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the magnetic pole part of the first movable magnetic pole 11. Further, when energized, magnetic flux is supplied to the magnetic circuit surrounding the first movable magnetic pole 11, the first fixed magnetic pole 13, the lower case 27 b and the second fixed magnetic pole 14.

  The second coil 21 has a second bobbin 41 made of a nonmagnetic material as a casing, and is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the magnetic pole part of the first movable magnetic pole 11 and the magnetic pole part of the second movable magnetic pole 12. When energized, the magnetic flux is supplied to the magnetic circuit surrounding the second movable magnetic pole 12, the first movable magnetic pole 11, the second fixed magnetic pole 14, the lower case 27b, and the upper case 27a.

  The spring 23 is housed in the inner periphery of the sleeve 22 and is inserted into the first movable magnetic pole 11, and both ends thereof are stepped end surfaces on the base end side end surface of the second fixed magnetic pole 14 and the outer periphery of the magnetic pole portion of the second movable magnetic pole 12. It is locked to. Further, when the first coil 20 or the second coil 21 is not energized, the first coil 20 or the second coil 21 is lightly compressed, and the shaft 16 can be urged to the proximal end side by the repulsive force. Further, when the first coil 20 is energized, it is strongly compressed by the second movable magnetic pole 12. Further, when energized simultaneously with the first coil 20 and the second coil 21, it is further strongly compressed.

  Therefore, when only the first coil 20 is energized and then returned to the non-energized state, the shaft 16 fixed to the second movable magnetic pole 12 quickly moves to the proximal end, and accordingly, the shaft 16 and the through-hole having a step are contacted. The first movable magnetic pole 11 in contact therewith is also pushed by the shaft 16 and moves in the same direction.

Further, even when the first coil 20 and the second coil 21 are energized at the same time and then returned to a non-energized state, they move in the same manner.
Further, when only the second coil 21 is returned to the non-energized state after the first coil 20 and the second coil 21 are energized at the same time, the attractive force between the second movable magnetic pole 12 and the first movable magnetic pole 11. Disappears, and the shaft 16 biased by the spring 23 moves to the proximal end side. At this time, the attracting force between the first movable magnetic pole 11 and the first fixed magnetic pole 13 is maintained by the magnetic flux generated by the first coil 20, and the first movable magnetic pole 11 is attracted to the first fixed magnetic pole 13. It is in. Therefore, the shaft 16 inserted through the first movable magnetic pole 11 stops at the base end side step in contact with the through hole step at the center of the first movable magnetic pole 11.

  The upper case 27 a and the lower case 27 b are formed of a material that can constitute a magnetic circuit, and further form the casing of the solenoid 10 together with the first fixed magnetic pole 13. Further, the lower case 27 b is configured such that the thickness of the portion in contact with the second fixed magnetic pole 14 is thinner than the other portions, and the second fixed magnetic pole 14 is held by the first coil 20 and the fixed magnetic pole 13.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a solenoid according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the reference numerals indicate the same as in FIG.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which the bearing 19 is extended to the tip side, although the basic structure is the same as FIG. The feature of the second embodiment is that the bearing 19 is elongated in the axial direction, the distance through which the shaft 16 is inserted becomes longer, the misalignment and inclination of the second movable magnetic pole 12 are minimized, and more stable. It is a point that operation can be obtained.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a solenoid according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, 50 is a solenoid, 51 is a movable magnetic pole, 53 is a fixed magnetic pole, 56 is a shaft, 56a is a V groove of the shaft, 59 is a bearing, 60 is a coil, 62 is a ball, 63 is a spring, 64 is a cap, 67 Indicates a case.

The solenoid 50 is configured such that the shaft 56 moves linearly between two stop positions.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the bearing 59 fixed to the through hole of the fixed magnetic pole 53 passes through the shaft 56 inserted and held in the movable magnetic pole 51 at the inner periphery, and is inserted into the through hole of the movable magnetic pole 51 at the outer periphery. It is characterized by that.
Below, the main structures of the solenoid 50 are demonstrated.

  The movable magnetic pole 51 is one of magnetic poles slidably provided, and the magnetic pole portion has a protruding shape. The tip side is provided so as to face the fixed magnetic pole 53.

  The movable magnetic pole 51 is inserted through a shaft 56 made of a nonmagnetic material, and the outer periphery of the bearing 59 is inserted through a through hole having a step at the tip side. A through hole is provided from the outer periphery of the movable magnetic pole 51 toward the axis center, and the spring 63 and the ball 62 are accommodated. Since the ball 62 is urged by the spring 63 and is in contact with the V groove 56a of the shaft 56, the position of the ball 62 can be maintained.

  Furthermore, an air gap exists between the movable magnetic pole 51 and the fixed magnetic pole 53. A magnetic circuit is configured together with the case 67 and the fixed magnetic pole 53. When the coil 60 is energized, magnetic flux is supplied to the circuit, and an attractive force is generated between the movable magnetic pole 51 and the fixed magnetic pole 53. For this reason, the movable magnetic pole 51 pushes the shaft 56 toward the tip side. At the same time, the movable magnetic pole 51 moves while sliding with the stepped through hole and the outer periphery of the bearing 59, and the shaft 56 also moves while sliding with the inner periphery of the bearing 59. It comes into contact.

  The shaft 56 is made of a nonmagnetic material and is inserted through the movable magnetic pole 51, the bearing 59, and the fixed magnetic pole 53. Further, a spring 63 housed in a through hole provided from the outer periphery of the movable magnetic pole 51 toward the axis center and a ball 62 biased by the spring 63 hold the shaft 56 and the movable magnetic pole 51 at the position of the V-groove 56a. Therefore, when the coil 60 is energized, the movable magnetic pole 51 moves, so that the shaft 56 also moves toward the tip side. At this time, the shaft 56 moves while sliding with respect to the inner periphery of the bearing 59.

  Therefore, when the movable magnetic pole 51 is fixed and the load applied to the shaft 56 is greater than the force held by the ball 62 and the V-groove 56a in the distal or proximal direction, the ball 62 is pushed out of the V-groove 56a. The spring 63 is pushed in. Then, the shaft 56 is released from the state held by the ball 62 and the positional relationship with the movable magnetic pole 51 is shifted, and moves to the distal end side or the proximal end side. However, even in that case, the shaft 56 and the movable magnetic pole 51 are inserted and supported on the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the bearing 59, so that the center is not displaced.

  The bearing 59 is fixed to the through hole of the fixed magnetic pole 53 and is made of a nonmagnetic material. Since the inner periphery of the bearing 59 is inserted through the shaft 56 and the outer periphery is inserted through a through hole having a step of the movable magnetic pole 51, the movable magnetic pole 51 passes through the outer periphery of the bearing 59 when the coil 60 is energized. The shaft 56 moves while sliding relative to the inner periphery of the bearing 19. Further, even if the shaft 56 is released from the state of being held by the ball 62 in the V-groove 56a and the positional relationship with the movable magnetic pole 51 is shifted, the shaft 56 and the movable magnetic pole 51 are moved even if the shaft 56 moves to the distal end side or the proximal end side. Is inserted through the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the bearing 59, the shaft 56 and the movable magnetic pole 51 are not misaligned.

  The fixed magnetic pole 53 is one of the fixedly provided magnetic poles, and the magnetic pole portion has a concave shape. A bearing 59 is fixed in the central through hole. In addition, the casing of the solenoid 50 is formed together with the case 67.

  The coil 60 is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the magnetic pole part of the fixed magnetic pole 53 and the magnetic pole part of the movable magnetic pole 51. Further, when energized, magnetic flux is supplied to the magnetic circuit surrounding the movable magnetic pole 51, the fixed magnetic pole 53, and the case 67.

  The spring 63 is accommodated in a through hole provided from the outer periphery of the movable magnetic pole 51 toward the center of the shaft, urges the ball 62, and one end is locked to the cap 64.

  The ball 62 is housed in a through hole provided from the outer periphery of the movable magnetic pole 51 toward the center of the shaft, and is urged by a spring 63 to contact the V groove 56 a of the shaft 56.

  The case 67 is made of a material capable of a magnetic circuit, and further forms a casing of the solenoid 50 together with the fixed magnetic pole 53.

  The cap 64 is provided so as to cover from the base end side end surface of the movable magnetic pole 51 to the outer periphery. A through hole is provided at the center, and the shaft 56 is inserted. Further, the inner periphery of the cap 64 engages one end of the spring 63.

  As described above, the embodiment of the solenoid has been described. However, in order to stabilize the operation of the solenoid, it is necessary to minimize the misalignment and inclination of the movable magnetic pole. As shown in the first embodiment, when the first coil 20 is energized, a magnetic circuit is formed among the first movable magnetic pole 11, the first fixed magnetic pole 13, the lower case 27 b, and the second fixed magnetic pole 14.

However, at this time, each component generates magnetic force in various directions. In the magnetic pole portions of the first movable magnetic pole 11 and the first fixed magnetic pole 13, the force of pulling in the axial direction of the shaft 16 and the force of pulling in the lateral direction that is 90 ° apart from the axial direction due to the projecting shape and the recessed shape. And a pulling force are generated simultaneously.

Further, looking at the relationship between the first movable magnetic pole 11 and the second fixed magnetic pole 14, only the force pulling in the lateral direction is generated. For this reason, it is unavoidable that the first movable magnetic pole 11 is misaligned or tilted. In addition, the second movable magnetic pole 12 constitutes a magnetic circuit similar to that of the upper case 27a, so that it is easily affected by the operation. However, in the above embodiment, since the bearing 19 is shaped so as to support both the first movable magnetic pole 11 and the second movable magnetic pole 12, misalignment and inclination can be minimized and smooth operation can be achieved. Could get.

It is explanatory drawing of the solenoid which concerns on 1st Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the solenoid which concerns on the 2nd Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the solenoid which concerns on the 3rd Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the solenoid of a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

10 solenoid 11 first movable magnetic pole 12 second movable magnetic pole 13 first fixed magnetic pole 14 second fixed magnetic pole 16 shaft 18 spacer 19 bearing 20 first coil 21 second coil 22 sleeve 23 spring 27 case 27a upper case 27b lower case 28 gap Spacer 40 First bobbin 41 Second bobbin

50 Solenoid 51 Movable magnetic pole 53 Fixed magnetic pole 56 Shaft 56a V groove 59 Bearing 60 Coil 62 Ball 63 Spring 64 Cap 67 Case

Claims (2)

A shaft,
A coil for generating magnetic flux;
A movable magnetic pole that has a through-hole through which the shaft is inserted and has a step, and that is further movable in the axial direction of the shaft by constituting a magnetic circuit;
A fixed magnetic pole that constitutes a magnetic circuit together with the movable magnetic pole and prevents the movement of the movable magnetic pole in the axial direction at a predetermined position;
A solenoid fixed to a through hole of the fixed magnetic pole, formed in a cylindrical shape, and having a bearing through which the shaft is inserted through an inner periphery and through the through hole of the movable magnetic pole.   2. The solenoid according to claim 1, wherein in the solenoid, the bearing is extended in a distal direction of the shaft and protruded from the fixed magnetic pole.

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