JP4437191B2 - solenoid - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure of a solenoid, and more particularly to a structure and a method of operation of a direct acting solenoid having two coils.

  The basic structure of a direct acting solenoid is a coil that generates magnetic flux, a movable magnetic pole that operates by generating magnetic flux, a shaft that is fixed to the movable magnetic pole, a fixed magnetic pole that generates an attractive force between the movable magnetic pole, and a solenoid housing It is comprised from the case which becomes.

  A general solenoid tends to have a long dimensional shape in the axial direction of a movable magnetic pole because it is desired to increase the number of turns of a coil wire forming a coil that is a base for generating magnetic flux in order to secure an attractive force. Moreover, it can be said that the case which comprises the plunger and magnetic flux circuit of a coil periphery must also become the same shape.

  However, there is a strong demand in recent years to reduce the size of solenoids. In this case, the axial dimension is limited, but the suction force cannot be sacrificed. For this reason, there was a limit to miniaturization. (For example, patent document 1).

Patent Document 1 is an application example of a general solenoid, in which a movable magnetic pole that operates and a fixed magnetic pole that attracts the movable magnetic pole extend in the axial direction, a coil is disposed therebetween, and a case is formed so as to cover the coil. Although this solenoid falls into a small category, it is necessary to improve the suction force for the purpose of making holes in telephone cards and prepaid cards, and it is necessary to make it smaller or thinner due to the peripheral devices of the solenoid. It has come out.
JP-A-9-260137 (3 pages, FIG. 1)

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and has a thin flat shape that is as small as possible in the axial direction as compared with a general solenoid, and can obtain a necessary moving distance and suction force. The purpose is to provide.

In order to solve the above problems, an annular first coil, an annular second coil located on the inner peripheral side of the first coil, and between the first coil and the second coil A movable magnetic pole arranged movably on the movable pole, a fixed magnetic pole arranged on the proximal end side of the moving axis of the movable magnetic pole, and a magnetic flux generated from the first coil located on the outer peripheral side of the first coil The first magnetic member that can be configured with the movable magnetic pole and the fixed magnetic pole, and the movable magnetic pole that is located on the inner peripheral side of the second coil and that generates magnetic flux from the second coil. And a second magnetic member capable of constituting a magnetic circuit together with the fixed magnetic pole.

  In this structure, the magnetic flux generated by the first coil and the magnetic flux generated by the second coil are fixed by applying the energizing directions of the first coil and the second coil in opposite directions. The movable magnetic pole can be moved toward the fixed magnetic pole by configuring a magnetic circuit that is merged between the magnetic pole and the movable magnetic pole. Thereby, the moving distance and attractive force of the movable magnetic pole according to the purpose can be obtained. Moreover, it is possible to cope with design restrictions on the outer periphery or inner periphery of the solenoid by making either the first coil or the second coil smaller or larger as necessary.

Since the present invention supplies magnetic flux to a pair of movable magnetic pole and fixed magnetic pole with two coils, it is possible to increase the attractive force generated between the two magnetic poles of the movable magnetic pole and the fixed magnetic pole, and to move the movable magnetic pole. The stroke which is a distance can also be taken large.
Further, in the conventional type, a magnetic flux necessary for obtaining a necessary attraction force is generated from one coil. However, according to the present invention, the coil generating the necessary magnetic flux can be distributed in two places. The degree of freedom of the configuration increases, and it becomes possible to flexibly cope with physical shape restrictions during use.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, two coils are arranged on the outer circumference and the inner circumference, and a fixed magnetic pole and a movable magnetic pole are arranged between the two coils, so that the magnetic flux generated by the two coils is generated. Since the fixed magnetic pole and the movable magnetic pole are joined and supplied, the attractive force and the stroke can be further increased. An embodiment having this feature will be described below.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a solenoid according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 10 is a solenoid, 11 is a movable magnetic pole, 12a is a base of a fixed magnetic pole, 12b is a magnetic pole part of a fixed magnetic pole, 13 is a first case, 14 is a second case, 16 is a working plate, and 20 is a first coil. , 21 indicates a second coil. Further, the lower side shown in FIG. 1 is a base end side, and the same applies to other drawings.

The solenoid 10 includes a magnetic pole portion 12b of the movable magnetic pole 11 and the fixed magnetic pole 12 between the first coil 20 and the second coil 21 in the radial direction, and is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the first coil 20 and the inner peripheral side of the second coil 21. Includes a first case 13 and a second case 14, and a base 12a of the fixed magnetic pole 12 is disposed on the proximal end side in the axial direction.
In Example 1 of the present invention, currents in opposite directions are applied to the first coil 20 and the second coil 21, respectively, and the magnetic fluxes generated by the two coils are joined to the magnetic pole portion 12b of the movable magnetic pole 11 and the fixed magnetic pole 12, By supplying, the solenoid is configured to operate linearly.
Below, the main structures of the solenoid 10 are demonstrated.

  The movable magnetic pole 11 is formed of an annular magnetic material, and a first coil 20 exists on the outer peripheral side, and a second coil 21 exists on the inner peripheral side. A working plate 16 is fixed to the inner periphery of the end surface opposite to the base end side.

  Further, an air gap exists between the movable magnetic pole 11 and the magnetic pole portion 12b of the fixed magnetic pole 12 facing in the moving axis direction. By applying currents in opposite directions to the first coil 20 and the second coil 21, the magnetic flux generated by the two coils is supplied between the movable magnetic pole 11 and the magnetic pole part 12 b of the fixed magnetic pole 12, and the attractive force is increased. Since this occurs, the movable magnetic pole 11 moves toward the magnetic pole portion 12b of the fixed magnetic pole 12, and both are in contact with each other.

  The fixed magnetic pole 12 includes a base 12a and a magnetic pole portion 12b, and both are made of a magnetic material. The first coil 20 exists on the outer peripheral side of the magnetic pole part 12b, and the second coil 21 exists on the inner peripheral side.

  Further, an air gap exists between the magnetic pole portion 12b and the movable magnetic pole 11 facing in the moving axis direction. By applying currents in opposite directions to the first coil 20 and the second coil 21 respectively, the magnetic flux generated by the two coils is supplied between the movable magnetic pole 11 and the magnetic pole portion 12b, and an attractive force is generated. The part 12b attracts the movable magnetic pole 11, and both are in contact with each other.

The base 12a of the fixed magnetic pole 12 is located on the axial base end side of the first coil 20 and the second coil 21, and is formed so as to cover the two coils. A magnetic pole portion 12b is fixed between the first coil 20 and the second coil 21, and the first case 13 is fixed on the outer peripheral side, and the second case 14 is fixed on the inner peripheral side. Further, when a current is applied to the first coil 20 and the second coil 21, a magnetic circuit is configured together with the movable magnetic pole 11, the magnetic pole part 12 b, the first case 13, and the second case 14. In the first embodiment, the fixed magnetic pole 12 is divided into the base 12a and the magnetic pole portion 12b, but may be integrated.

  The first coil 20 is positioned on the outer peripheral side of the magnetic pole portion 12b of the movable magnetic pole 11 and the fixed magnetic pole 12, and the coil wire forming the coil is wound in an annular shape coaxially with the magnetic pole portion 12b of the movable magnetic pole 11 and the fixed magnetic pole 12. ing. When a current is applied to the first coil 20, magnetic flux is supplied to the magnetic pole portion 12 b of the movable magnetic pole 11 and the fixed magnetic pole 12.

  The second coil 21 is located on the inner peripheral side of the magnetic pole portion 12 b of the movable magnetic pole 11 and the fixed magnetic pole 12, and the coil wire forming the coil is wound coaxially and annularly with the magnetic pole portion 12 b of the movable magnetic pole 11 and the fixed magnetic pole 12. It is. Further, when a current is applied to the second coil 21, magnetic flux is supplied to the magnetic pole portion 12 b of the movable magnetic pole 11 and the fixed magnetic pole 12.

  Therefore, when current is applied to the first coil 20 and the second coil 21, magnetic fluxes for two coils are supplied to the magnetic pole portion 12 b of the movable magnetic pole 11 and the fixed magnetic pole 12 by applying in opposite directions to each other. Therefore, the generated suction force becomes large.

The first case 13 is formed of an annular magnetic material, is located on the outer peripheral side of the first coil 20, and is fixed to the outer periphery of the base 12 a of the fixed magnetic pole 12. The end surface located opposite to the base end side has a shape that bends in the inner circumferential direction, and is formed so as to cover the first coil 20 from the outside. When a current is applied to the first coil 20 and the second coil 21, a magnetic circuit is configured with the movable magnetic pole 11, the magnetic pole portion 12 b of the fixed magnetic pole 12, the base 12 a of the fixed magnetic pole 12, and the second case 14.

  The second case 14 is formed of an annular magnetic material, is located on the inner peripheral side of the second coil 21, and is fixed to the inner periphery of the base 12 a of the fixed magnetic pole 12. The end surface located on the opposite side to the base end side has a shape that bends in the outer circumferential direction, and is formed so as to cover the second coil 21 from the inside. When a current is applied to the first coil 20 and the second coil 21, a magnetic circuit is configured with the movable magnetic pole 11, the magnetic pole portion 12 b of the fixed magnetic pole 12, the base 12 a of the fixed magnetic pole 12, and the first case 13.

  The action plate 16 is formed of a plate-like nonmagnetic material and is fixed to the inner peripheral side of the movable magnetic pole 11. When the movable magnetic pole 11 is attracted and moved, the operation is transmitted to the outside via the action plate 16, and the operation in the return direction from the outside is transmitted to the movable magnetic pole 11.

  Here, in the first embodiment of the present invention, for the sake of convenience, each part of the solenoid is described as an annular circle. However, as an application example, a polygonal ring such as a quadrangle or a pentagon may be used. Further, a part of the annular shape may be cut out or joined together.

  Further, the operation of the solenoid according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. 2 to 3 are explanatory views from the configuration of the magnetic circuit of the solenoid to the operation, and the reference numerals are the same as those in FIG.

  Currents flowing in opposite directions are applied to the first coil 20 and the second coil 21, respectively. Since the coil wires of the first coil 20 and the second coil 21 are wound in an annular shape coaxially with the magnetic pole portion 12b of the movable magnetic pole 11 and the fixed magnetic pole 12, when the current is applied, as shown in FIG. 20 flows in the current direction 30, and the second coil 21 flows in the current direction 31.

  When a current flows through the coil wire, a magnetic flux is generated, and a magnetic circuit surrounding the magnetic pole portion 12b and the base 12a of the movable magnetic pole 11 and the fixed magnetic pole 12, and the first case 13 and the second case 14 is formed. .

  As shown in FIG. 3, the magnetic flux generated by the first coil 20 constitutes a magnetic circuit that rotates clockwise from the movable magnetic pole 11 to the magnetic pole portion 12 b of the fixed magnetic pole 12 and from the base 12 a of the fixed magnetic pole 12 to the first case 13. However, the flow of magnetic flux from the first case 13 is caused to flow to the movable magnetic pole 11 by the magnetic flux generated by the second coil 21.

  Similarly, the magnetic flux generated by the second coil 21 forms a counterclockwise magnetic circuit from the movable magnetic pole 11 to the magnetic pole portion 12b of the fixed magnetic pole 12 and from the base 12a of the fixed magnetic pole 12 to the second case 14. The flow of magnetic flux from the second case 14 is caused to flow to the movable magnetic pole 11 by the magnetic flux generated by the first coil 20.

  In other words, the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the magnetic field generated in each coil follows the right-handed screw law when a current is passed through the wire. The magnetic fluxes generated by the separate coils are combined at the magnetic pole portion 12 b of the movable magnetic pole 11 and the fixed magnetic pole 12, so that the magnetic pole portion 12 b of the fixed magnetic pole 12 acts in the form of attracting the movable magnetic pole 11. And since it is the magnetic flux for 2 coils, a big force and stroke can be obtained.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a solenoid according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the reference numerals indicate the same as in FIG.

4 has the same basic structure as that of FIG. 1, but the cross section of the first coil 20 is smaller than the second coil 21 in terms of capacity. This means that depending on the installation conditions of the solenoid 10, a shape that takes into account the design can be taken even when there is a design restriction on the outer peripheral side. On the contrary, the second coil 21 can be made smaller.

In other words, the solenoid of the present invention has been conceived so as to effectively use a design space for peripheral devices, and it can be said that the degree of freedom in design is also improved. In short, since the solenoid has an annular shape, it can have a hollow shape unlike a conventional solenoid. If necessary, an object to be operated can be arranged on the inner circumference side of the solenoid, or conversely, can be arranged on the outer circumference side.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a solenoid according to a third embodiment of the present invention. 5, the reference numerals are the same as those in FIG. 1, but in the fixed magnetic pole 12, the magnetic pole portion and the base portion are integrated. This embodiment has the same basic structure as that of FIG. 1, but shows the convenience in design that it can be extended in the axial direction as well as the conventional solenoid.

It is explanatory drawing of the solenoid which concerns on 1st Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows operation | movement of the solenoid shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows operation | movement of the solenoid shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the solenoid which concerns on the 2nd Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the solenoid which concerns on the 3rd Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Solenoid 11 Movable magnetic pole 12 Fixed magnetic pole 12a Fixed magnetic pole base 12b Fixed magnetic pole part 13 First case 14 Second case 16 Action plate 20 First coil 21 Second coil 30 Current direction 31 of first coil 31 Current direction

Claims (3)

An annular first coil;
An annular second coil located on the inner peripheral side of the first coil;
A movable magnetic pole movably disposed between the first coil and the second coil;
A fixed magnetic pole disposed on the base end side of the moving axis of the movable magnetic pole;
A first magnetic member that is located on the outer peripheral side of the first coil, and that can form a magnetic circuit together with the movable magnetic pole and the fixed magnetic pole by a magnetic flux generated from the first coil;
A second magnetic member located on the inner peripheral side of the second coil and configured to form a magnetic circuit together with the movable magnetic pole and the fixed magnetic pole by the magnetic flux generated from the second coil. Characteristic solenoid.   In the solenoid, the energizing directions of the first coil and the second coil are applied in opposite directions, and the magnetic flux generated by the first coil and the magnetic flux generated by the second coil are applied to the fixed magnetic pole. 2. The solenoid according to claim 1, wherein the movable magnetic pole is movable toward the fixed magnetic pole by forming a magnetic circuit joined between the movable magnetic poles. 3.   3. The solenoid according to claim 1, wherein either the first coil or the second coil is made smaller or larger in the solenoid.

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