JP2005140615A - Means for detecting interface of serum - Google Patents

Means for detecting interface of serum Download PDF

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JP2005140615A
JP2005140615A JP2003376720A JP2003376720A JP2005140615A JP 2005140615 A JP2005140615 A JP 2005140615A JP 2003376720 A JP2003376720 A JP 2003376720A JP 2003376720 A JP2003376720 A JP 2003376720A JP 2005140615 A JP2005140615 A JP 2005140615A
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serum
boundary surface
collection tube
blood collection
blood
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JP4409912B2 (en
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Masahiko Shibazaki
昌彦 柴崎
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Esutekku Kk
Estec Co Ltd
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Esutekku Kk
Estec Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To precisely detect an interface X and improve workability for dispensing serum, in an interface detecting means of the serum for centrifugalizing blood accommodated in a blood collecting tube 1, wherein separating the serum 3 and clot 4, detecting the interface X of the serum 3 and automatically dispensing the serum 3 take place, even if a barcode label 11 is attached on a sidewall of the blood collecting tube 1. <P>SOLUTION: A water detecting sensor for radiating a wavelength absorbed by a water molecule from a light source and detecting the presence of moisture, is used, laterally radiates a light to the blood collecting tube 1, and detects the moisture in a serum component and the interface X of the serum 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は、採血管内に収容した血液を遠心分離して血清と血餅を分離し、血清の境界面を検出して自動分注するための血清の境界面検出手段に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a serum boundary surface detection means for centrifuging blood contained in a blood collection tube to separate serum and blood clot, and to detect and automatically dispense the serum boundary surface.

通常の血液検査は血液成分中の血清を対象とするため、血液検査の前作業として、被検者から採血した血液成分中から血清の分離、分注作業が行われる。   Since a normal blood test targets serum in blood components, serum is separated and dispensed from blood components collected from a subject as a pre-work of the blood test.

図５に血清の分注方法を示す。図に示すように、予めペースト状の分離材２（通常グリスを使用）を収容した採血管１内に採血した血液は、遠心分離による比重の差で、分離材２を介して上層の血清３と下層の血餅４に分離される。血清３の自動分注は、吸引装置に接続された吸引チップ８又は吸引針等を用い、その先端を血清３と分離材２の境界面Ｘの近接位置まで浸漬させて所要量を吸引し、これを他の容器へ分注して行なわれる。ここで、吸引チップ８の先端が分離材２に抵触して詰まりの発生を防ぐため、吸引チップ８の深度を制御しなければならず、境界面Ｘの位置の検出が必要とされている。この境界面検出手段としては、採血管１の側方からＣＣＤカメラ等による光学的検出手段や、採血管１の上面から超音波信号の送受信による位置検出手段等がある。   FIG. 5 shows a serum dispensing method. As shown in the figure, the blood collected in the blood collection tube 1 containing the paste-like separation material 2 (usually using grease) in advance is the upper layer serum 3 via the separation material 2 due to the difference in specific gravity due to centrifugation. And the lower clot 4 is separated. The automatic dispensing of serum 3 uses a suction tip 8 or a suction needle connected to a suction device, soaks the tip to a position close to the boundary surface X between the serum 3 and the separating material 2, and sucks the required amount. This is done by dispensing into other containers. Here, in order to prevent the tip of the suction tip 8 from coming into contact with the separation material 2 and preventing clogging, the depth of the suction tip 8 must be controlled, and the position of the boundary surface X must be detected. As this boundary surface detection means, there are an optical detection means by a CCD camera or the like from the side of the blood collection tube 1, a position detection means by transmission / reception of an ultrasonic signal from the upper surface of the blood collection tube 1, and the like.

一方、近年の血液検査ではバーコードによる検体管理システムが採られ、図６に示すように、各検体を識別するバーコード１０を印字したバーコードラベル１１が採血管１の側壁に貼られる。このバーコードラベル１１が採血管１の周壁を掩蔽すると、ＣＣＤカメラによる光学的検出手段では境界面Ｘを全く認識することができない。   On the other hand, in recent blood tests, a specimen management system using a barcode is adopted, and a barcode label 11 on which a barcode 10 for identifying each specimen is printed is attached to the side wall of the blood collection tube 1 as shown in FIG. When the barcode label 11 covers the peripheral wall of the blood collection tube 1, the boundary surface X cannot be recognized at all by the optical detection means using the CCD camera.

また、採血管１の上面から超音波信号による位置検出手段で境界面Ｘを検出するには、超音波信号を送受信する超音波ヘッドの送受信面を血清３に浸漬しなければならず、他人の血清３とのコンタミネーションを生じる危険がある（特許文献１参照）。こうしたことから、作業者の目視による手作業での分注が一般的に行われており、著しく作業性に劣り、血清の分注コストが極めて高価である。
特開２００２−２１４２２６号公報 Moreover, in order to detect the boundary surface X from the upper surface of the blood collection tube 1 by the position detection means using ultrasonic signals, the transmitting / receiving surface of the ultrasonic head that transmits / receives the ultrasonic signals must be immersed in the serum 3, and the other person's There is a risk of causing contamination with serum 3 (see Patent Document 1). For these reasons, manual dispensing by an operator's visual observation is generally performed, the workability is remarkably inferior, and the serum dispensing cost is extremely expensive.
JP 2002-214226 A

この発明が解決しようとする課題は、血清３の境界面Ｘを簡単な手段で正確に検出することができる手段を提供し、特にバーコードラベル１１が側壁に貼られた採血管１においても境界面Ｘを高精度に検出可能とし、この発明の境界面検出手段を血清の自動分注に適用することで、血清分注の作業性の向上を図り、分注コストの大幅な低廉化を実現することである。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide means capable of accurately detecting the boundary surface X of the serum 3 with simple means, and particularly in the blood collection tube 1 having the barcode label 11 attached to the side wall. The surface X can be detected with high accuracy, and the boundary surface detection means of the present invention is applied to serum automatic dispensing to improve the workability of serum dispensing and realize a significant reduction in dispensing costs. It is to be.

こうした課題を解決するため、この発明の血清の境界面検出手段は、採血管１内に収容した血液を遠心分離して血清３と血餅４を分離し、血清３の境界面Ｘを検出して自動分注するための血清の境界面検出手段であって、水分子に吸収される波長光源を投光して水分の存在を検出する水検出センサを用い、採血管１の側方から投光し、血清成分中の水分を検出して血清３の境界面Ｘを検出することを特徴とするものである。   In order to solve these problems, the serum boundary surface detection means of the present invention centrifuges the blood contained in the blood collection tube 1 to separate the serum 3 and the clot 4, and detects the boundary surface X of the serum 3 Serum boundary surface detection means for automatic dispensing, and using a water detection sensor that detects the presence of moisture by projecting a wavelength light source that is absorbed by water molecules, and throws it from the side of the blood collection tube 1 It is characterized in that the boundary surface X of the serum 3 is detected by detecting the moisture in the serum component.

また、検体を識別するバーコードラベル１１が側壁に貼られた採血管１において、投光量に対する受光量を測定し、バーコードラベル１１の用紙の厚みで減少する透過光量と、この透過光量の減少による反応遅れに起因する境界面Ｘの検出誤差との関係を予め補正プログラムし、検出誤差を補正して境界面Ｘを検出するように構成するものである。   Further, in the blood collection tube 1 in which the barcode label 11 for identifying the specimen is attached to the side wall, the amount of received light with respect to the light projection amount is measured, and the transmitted light amount that decreases with the paper thickness of the barcode label 11 and the decrease in the transmitted light amount. The relationship between the detection error of the boundary surface X caused by the reaction delay due to the above is corrected in advance, and the detection error is corrected to detect the boundary surface X.

また、この発明の血清の境界面検出手段は、境界面Ｘとともに血清３の上面位置（境界面Ｙ）を同時に検出するものである。   The serum boundary surface detecting means of the present invention simultaneously detects the upper surface position (boundary surface Y) of the serum 3 together with the boundary surface X.

この発明の血清の境界面検出手段は、血清成分中に水分が多量に存在することに着目し、この血清成分中の水分を水検出センサを用いて検出することで、血清３の境界面Ｘを検出するものである。採血管１の側方から水分子に吸収される波長光源を投光し、これが血清成分中の水分に吸収されて血清３の層では水検出センサがオフとなり、血清３の境界面Ｘを正確に検出することができる。この水検出センサは繰り返し精度が高く、採血管１の上下動移動により迅速に作業を行うことができ、この発明の境界面検出手段を血清の自動分注に適用することで、血清分注の作業性を著しく向上させ、分注コストの大幅な低廉化を実現することができる。   The serum boundary surface detection means of the present invention pays attention to the presence of a large amount of water in the serum component, and detects the water in the serum component using a water detection sensor, so that the boundary surface X of the serum 3 is detected. Is detected. A wavelength light source that is absorbed by water molecules is projected from the side of the blood collection tube 1, and this is absorbed by the water in the serum component, and the water detection sensor is turned off in the serum 3 layer. Can be detected. This water detection sensor has high repeatability and can be quickly operated by moving the blood collection tube 1 up and down. By applying the boundary surface detecting means of the present invention to serum automatic dispensing, Workability is remarkably improved, and the dispensing cost can be greatly reduced.

また、検体を識別するバーコードラベル１１が側壁に幾重にも重ね貼りされた採血管１においては、バーコードラベル１１の用紙の厚みで透過光量が減少し、水分検出の反応遅れに起因する境界面Ｘの検出誤差が生じる場合がある。これに対して、投光量に対する受光量（アナログ量）を測定するようにし、この透過光量の減少量と検出誤差との関係を予め補正プログラムし、検出誤差を補正することで、正確な境界面Ｘを高精度に検出可能とするものである。   Further, in the blood collection tube 1 in which the barcode label 11 for identifying the specimen is repeatedly laminated on the side wall, the amount of transmitted light is reduced by the thickness of the paper of the barcode label 11, and the boundary caused by the reaction delay of moisture detection. A detection error of the surface X may occur. On the other hand, the amount of received light (analog amount) relative to the amount of light emitted is measured, and the relationship between the amount of decrease in transmitted light amount and the detection error is corrected in advance, and the detection error is corrected, thereby providing an accurate boundary surface. X can be detected with high accuracy.

また、この発明の血清の境界面検出手段は、境界面Ｘとともに血清３の上面位置も同時に検出されるので、採血管１の内径が既知であれば血清３の収容量が測定され、検査対象の小分けに必要とされる量の充足も直ちに判定可能であり、血清の収容量を管理することができる。   The serum boundary surface detection means of the present invention simultaneously detects the upper surface position of the serum 3 as well as the boundary surface X. Therefore, if the inner diameter of the blood collection tube 1 is known, the amount of the serum 3 accommodated is measured, and the test object Satisfaction of the amount required for subdivision can be determined immediately, and the amount of serum contained can be managed.

図１及び２に、この発明の血清の境界面検出手段の基本的な構成を示す。
図に示すように、採血管１内に収容した分離材２と採血した血液は、遠心分離して分離材２を介して上層の血清３と下層の血餅４に分離されている。この発明は、血清３と分離材２の境界面Ｘを検出する手段として、水分子に吸収される波長光源を投光することで水分の存在を検出する水検出センサを用いるもので、水分子に吸収される波長のレーザ光を投光する発光器２０と、これを受光する受光器２２が採血管１を挟んでヘッド面を相対峙するように設置されている。 1 and 2 show the basic structure of the serum boundary surface detection means of the present invention.
As shown in the figure, the separating material 2 accommodated in the blood collection tube 1 and the collected blood are centrifuged and separated into an upper serum 3 and a lower blood clot 4 through the separating material 2. The present invention uses a water detection sensor that detects the presence of moisture by projecting a wavelength light source that is absorbed by water molecules as means for detecting the boundary surface X between the serum 3 and the separation material 2. A light emitter 20 that projects a laser beam having a wavelength absorbed by the light source and a light receiver 22 that receives the laser light are installed so as to face the head surface with the blood collection tube 1 interposed therebetween.

採血管１を上下動移動（又は発光器２０及び受光器２２を採血管１の側壁に沿って上下動移動）させ、発光器２０から投光し、採血管１を透過した光量を受光器２２で受光して水分の存在を検出する。採血管１の最上層の中空層５では投光はそのまま透過し、水検出センサはオンである。血清３の層に至ると、投光は血清成分中の多量の水分に吸収されて受光量がゼロとなり、水検出センサはオフとなる。分離材２の層に至ると投光は再び透過し、水検出センサはオンとなる。採血管１を透過した受光量と採血管１の側壁の位置との関係を図２に示す。このようにして水検出センサのオンオフで血清３の境界面Ｘが検出され、同時に境界面Ｙも検出されるので、血清３の収容量が測定される。   The blood collection tube 1 is moved up and down (or the light emitter 20 and the light receiver 22 are moved up and down along the side wall of the blood collection tube 1), the light emitted from the light emitter 20 and the amount of light transmitted through the blood collection tube 1 is received by the light receiver 22. To detect the presence of moisture. In the uppermost hollow layer 5 of the blood collection tube 1, the light is transmitted as it is, and the water detection sensor is on. When reaching the serum 3 layer, the light projection is absorbed by a large amount of water in the serum component and the received light amount becomes zero, and the water detection sensor is turned off. When reaching the layer of the separating material 2, the light is transmitted again, and the water detection sensor is turned on. The relationship between the amount of light received through the blood collection tube 1 and the position of the side wall of the blood collection tube 1 is shown in FIG. In this way, the boundary surface X of the serum 3 is detected when the water detection sensor is turned on and off, and the boundary surface Y is also detected at the same time.

図３に、この発明の境界面検出手段を適用した具体的な検出作業を示す。
所定のラックに収容された採血管１が搬送機構の先端に設けた爪１５で把持され、発光器２０と受光器２２が対峙した位置へ移送される。最初に、爪１５の回転で採血管１を回転させ、適当なバーコード認識装置でバーコード１０の印字を認識し、バーコード１０の印字面を受光器２２に対向させる。図に示すように、１枚のバーコードラベル１１が採血管１の側壁に部分的に貼られている場合は、バーコードラベル１１で掩蔽されないバーコード１０の背面側が発光器２０に対向する。この状態で採血管１を上下動移動させ、発光器２０から投光し、採血管１を透過した光量を受光器２２で受光し、水検出センサのオンオフで境界面Ｘ及び境界面Ｙを検出し、その検出位置をメモリする。検出を終えた採血管１はラックに戻され、次の採血管１を爪１５で把持して移送し、順次境界面Ｘ及び境界面Ｙを検出する。 FIG. 3 shows a specific detection operation to which the boundary surface detection means of the present invention is applied.
The blood collection tube 1 accommodated in a predetermined rack is gripped by the claw 15 provided at the tip of the transport mechanism, and transferred to a position where the light emitter 20 and the light receiver 22 face each other. First, the blood collection tube 1 is rotated by the rotation of the nail 15, the printing of the barcode 10 is recognized by an appropriate barcode recognition device, and the printing surface of the barcode 10 is made to face the light receiver 22. As shown in the figure, when one barcode label 11 is partially attached to the side wall of the blood collection tube 1, the back side of the barcode 10 that is not covered by the barcode label 11 faces the light emitter 20. In this state, the blood collection tube 1 is moved up and down, light is emitted from the light emitter 20, the amount of light transmitted through the blood collection tube 1 is received by the light receiver 22, and the boundary surface X and boundary surface Y are detected by turning on and off the water detection sensor. The detected position is stored in memory. After the detection, the blood collection tube 1 is returned to the rack, and the next blood collection tube 1 is gripped and transferred by the claw 15 to sequentially detect the boundary surface X and the boundary surface Y.

図４に示す採血管１は、血液検査の課程で複数枚のバーコードラベル１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃが貼られ、採血管１の側壁がこれらで完全に掩蔽されたものである。このようにバーコードラベル１１を側壁に幾重にも重ね貼りした採血管１では、発光器２０からの投光がバーコードラベル１１の用紙の厚みで遮断され、透過光量が減少する。その結果、水分検出の反応遅れが生じ、採血管１の上下動移動に伴って、正確な境界面Ｘ及び境界面Ｙに対して、Ｘ１、Ｘ２及びＹ１、Ｙ２の位置を検出する誤差を生じる場合がある。この検出誤差はバーコードラベル１１の用紙の厚みに依存する。   The blood collection tube 1 shown in FIG. 4 has a plurality of barcode labels 11a, 11b, and 11c attached in the blood test process, and the side wall of the blood collection tube 1 is completely covered with these. In this way, in the blood collection tube 1 in which the barcode label 11 is overlapped and laminated on the side wall, the light emitted from the light emitter 20 is blocked by the thickness of the paper of the barcode label 11, and the amount of transmitted light is reduced. As a result, a reaction delay in moisture detection occurs, and an error in detecting the positions of X1, X2 and Y1, Y2 with respect to the accurate boundary surface X and boundary surface Y is caused as the blood collection tube 1 moves up and down. There is a case. This detection error depends on the paper thickness of the barcode label 11.

こうした検出誤差を補正する手段として、発光器２０の投光量に対する受光器２２の受光量をアナログ量で検出する。中空層５において、バーコードラベル１１が貼られていない部分では、投光量が１００に対し、全てが透過するので受光器２２の受光量は１００である。複数枚のバーコードラベル１１が側壁に重ね貼りされ、中空層５において、バーコードラベル１１が最も重ねられた部分での受光量が８０（減少量２０）の条件で誤差Ｅ１とする。さらにバーコードラベル１１が重ね貼りされ、中空層５において、バーコードラベル１１が最も重ねられた部分での受光量が６０（減少量４０）の条件で誤差Ｅ２であれば、このようなバーコードラベル１１の用紙の厚みで減少する透過光量と、境界面Ｘの検出誤差との関係を予め補正プログラムする。バーコードラベル１１の用紙の厚みによる検出誤差をこの補正プログラムで補正することで、正確な境界面Ｘを算出する。   As means for correcting such a detection error, the received light amount of the light receiver 22 with respect to the light projection amount of the light emitter 20 is detected as an analog amount. In the hollow layer 5 where the barcode label 11 is not affixed, the amount of light emitted is 100 with respect to 100, so the amount of light received by the light receiver 22 is 100. A plurality of barcode labels 11 are overlaid on the side wall, and in the hollow layer 5, the error E1 is defined under the condition that the amount of light received at the portion where the barcode label 11 is most overlapped is 80 (reduction amount 20). Further, when the barcode label 11 is overlaid and the error amount E2 is 60 (decrease amount 40) in the hollow layer 5 where the barcode label 11 is most overlapped, the barcode is used. The relationship between the amount of transmitted light that decreases with the thickness of the label 11 paper and the detection error of the boundary surface X is corrected in advance. An accurate boundary surface X is calculated by correcting a detection error due to the sheet thickness of the barcode label 11 with this correction program.

以上、採血管１内に予め収容した分離材２を介して上層の血清３と下層の血餅４に分離した場合について説明したが、この発明の境界面検出手段を、分離材２を用いずに血液を遠心分離した採血管１に適用する場合は、血清３と血球４の境界面Ｘを検出する。   As described above, the case where the upper layer serum 3 and the lower layer blood clot 4 are separated through the separating material 2 accommodated in advance in the blood collection tube 1 has been described. However, the boundary surface detecting means of the present invention is not used. When applied to the blood collection tube 1 obtained by centrifuging blood, the boundary surface X between the serum 3 and the blood cell 4 is detected.

この発明の基本的構成を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the basic composition of this invention. 採血管を透過した受光量と採血管の側壁の位置との関係を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the relationship between the light reception amount which permeate | transmitted the blood collection tube, and the position of the side wall of a blood collection tube. 検出作業を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows a detection operation | work. バーコードラベルが複数枚貼られた採血管の正面図。The front view of the blood-collecting blood vessel with which a plurality of barcode labels were stuck. 血清の分注方法の説明図で、採血管の断面図。A sectional view of a blood collection tube in an explanatory view of a method for dispensing serum. 採血管の正面図。The front view of a blood collection tube.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 採血管
３ 血清
４ 血餅
１１ バーコードラベル
Ｘ 境界面
Ｙ 境界面 1 Blood collection tube 3 Serum 4 Blood clot 11 Barcode label X Boundary surface Y Boundary surface

Claims (3)

採血管１内に収容した血液を遠心分離して血清３と血餅４を分離し、血清３の境界面Ｘを検出して自動分注するための血清の境界面検出手段であって、
水分子に吸収される波長光源を投光して水分の存在を検出する水検出センサを用い、採血管１の側方から投光し、血清成分中の水分を検出して血清３の境界面Ｘを検出することを特徴とする血清の境界面検出手段。 Serum boundary surface detecting means for centrifuging the blood contained in the blood collection tube 1 to separate the serum 3 and the clot 4, and detecting the boundary surface X of the serum 3 to automatically dispense the blood,
A water detection sensor that detects the presence of moisture by projecting a wavelength light source that is absorbed by water molecules, projects light from the side of the blood collection tube 1, detects moisture in the serum component, and detects the boundary surface of the serum 3 Serum boundary surface detecting means for detecting X. 検体を識別するバーコードラベル１１が側壁に貼られた採血管１において、投光量に対する受光量を測定し、バーコードラベル１１の用紙の厚みで減少する透過光量と、この透過光量の減少による反応遅れに起因する境界面Ｘの検出誤差との関係を予め補正プログラムし、検出誤差を補正して境界面Ｘを検出するようにした請求項１に記載の血清の境界面検出手段。   In the blood collection tube 1 with the barcode label 11 for identifying the sample attached to the side wall, the amount of received light with respect to the amount of light emitted is measured. The serum boundary surface detection means according to claim 1, wherein a relationship between the detection error of the boundary surface X caused by the delay is corrected in advance, and the detection error is corrected to detect the boundary surface X. 境界面Ｘとともに血清の上面位置（境界面Ｙ）を検出するようにした請求項１又は２に記載の血清の境界面検出手段。   The serum boundary surface detection means according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the serum upper surface position (boundary surface Y) is detected together with the boundary surface X.
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