JP2005130725A - Farm work machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a farm work machine whose long hydraulic piping is shortened as much as possible and which is equipped with compact hydraulic equipment. <P>SOLUTION: This farm work machine which is equipped with a steering shaft 66 for supporting a steering wheel 16 for steering the travel direction of wheels 10 and with a steering valve unit 20 for controlling a steering hydraulic pressure in response to the steering angle of the steering wheel 16 is characterized by disposing a front cover 7 for receiving the steering shaft 66 and the steering valve unit 20, and disposing a lifting valve unit 21 for lifting a farm implement 4 in the front cover 7. Thereby, a hydraulic pressure-supplying route for the steering valve unit 20 can be used also as that for the lifting valve unit 21 to shorten the hydraulic piping and further compact the hydraulic equipment. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a configuration of a hydraulic valve of an agricultural machine.

  Agricultural machines such as riding type rice transplanters can be selected by selecting automatic steering and manual steering as in the steering device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-118615, but are proportional solenoids for automatic steering. A valve (automatic steering valve) and a hydraulic steering mechanism called an orbit roll for manual steering are provided. During automatic steering, the automatic steering valve is automatically controlled so as to maintain the course of the aircraft in a predetermined direction based on information from a direction sensor or a GPS receiver, and a hydraulic pump as a hydraulic supply source Switch the supply of pressure oil to the steering hydraulic actuator. Further, at the time of manual steering, the hydraulic steering mechanism is driven according to the operation of the steering handle, and the supply of pressure oil to the steering hydraulic actuator is switched.

In addition, a seedling planting device is attached to the rear part of the riding type rice transplanter via a lifting link mechanism. However, as described in JP-A-10-181554, the raising and lowering of the seedling planting device is performed as described above. Pressure oil from a hydraulic supply source is supplied to a lifting hydraulic actuator via a lifting valve.
JP-A-10-181554 JP 2003-118615 A

  The automatic steering valve of the steering device is provided at the handle post in front of the machine body, and the lifting valve for raising and lowering the seedling planting device is provided in the lifting link mechanism of the seedling planting device at the rear of the machine body. Therefore, it is necessary to use a hydraulic pipe to feed oil from a single hydraulic supply source to the automatic steering valve of the steering device near the cockpit and the lifting valve for raising and lowering the seedling planting device far from the cockpit using a hydraulic pump. It needs to be long.

  The subject of this invention is providing the agricultural machine provided with the compact hydraulic equipment which shortened the said long hydraulic piping as much as possible.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a steering shaft 66 that supports the steering handle 16 that operates the steering direction of the wheel 10 and a steering valve unit 20 that controls the steering hydraulic pressure in accordance with the steering angle of the steering handle 16 are provided. A farm working machine provided with a vertically movable farm working apparatus 4, a farm working machine provided with a front cover 7 that houses a steering shaft 66 and a steering valve unit 20, and a lifting valve unit 21 that raises and lowers the farm working apparatus 4 in the front cover 7. It is.

  The hydraulic piping can be shortened by using the hydraulic pressure supply path to the steering valve unit 20 and the lift valve unit 21 and the hydraulic equipment can be made compact.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
A side view of a riding fertilizer planter that is a typical example of a farm work machine is shown in FIG. 1, and a plan view is shown in FIG.

  A seedling planting section 4 is mounted on the rear side of the traveling vehicle body 2 through a lifting link device 3 so as to be movable up and down, and a fertilizer tank 50 of the fertilizer application device 5 is provided at the rear portion of the traveling vehicle body 2. On the left and right sides of the front part of the traveling vehicle body 2, a plurality of stages of preliminary seedling frames 6 are provided.

  The traveling vehicle body 2 is a four-wheel drive vehicle provided with a pair of left and right front wheels 10 and 10 and rear wheels 11 and 11 as drive wheels. A transmission case 12 is provided at the front of the fuselage, and an engine 13 is provided behind the mission case 12. Yes. The rotational power of the engine 13 is transmitted to the mission case 12 via a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) 22. Then, after being shifted by the main transmission in the transmission case 12, the transmission is transmitted to the front wheels 10, 10 and the rear wheels 11, 11, and the seedling planting unit 4 and the driving units of the fertilizer application device 5.

  A cockpit 15 is installed on the upper side of the engine 13, and a steering handle 16 for the front wheels 10 and 10 which are steering wheels is provided in front of the cockpit 15. As shown in FIG. 2, rear wheel brake pedals 17 </ b> L and 17 </ b> R capable of individually braking the left and right rear wheels 11 and 11 are provided on the right side of the front cover 7. In addition, an operation box 18 is provided on the left side of the cockpit 15 and includes an automatic rectilinear switch that is turned on when the aircraft advances straight by automatic steering, a direction setting device that sets a traveling direction during automatic steering, and the like. 18 is arranged. An emergency stop switch 19 that stops the engine 13 in an emergency is also provided.

  In this specification, the left and right sides in the forward direction of the rice transplanter are referred to as the left side and the right side, respectively, the forward direction is referred to as the front side, and the reverse direction is referred to as the rear side.

  The lifting / lowering link device 3 has a connecting frame 32 connected to one parallel upper link 30 and a rear end of a pair of left and right lower links 31, 31 supported rotatably at the front end side, The seedling planting part 4 is mounted on the connecting frame 32 so as to be freely rollable. By operating the elevating cylinder 33, the links 30 and 31 rotate up and down, and the seedling planting part 4 moves up and down while maintaining a substantially constant posture. Moreover, the raising / lowering valve unit 21 (FIG. 3) for operating the raising / lowering cylinder of the seedling planting device 4 is disposed in the vicinity of the steering valve unit 20 (FIG. 3) for operating the power steering cylinder 24.

  The seedling planting section 4 has a six-row planting structure, a transmission case 40 that also serves as a frame, a seedling mounting table 41 that feeds seedlings to the seedling extraction outlet 41a of each row by reciprocating left and right by placing seedlings, A seedling planting device 42 for planting seedlings supplied to the seedling outlet 41a,. In the lower part of the seedling planting part 4, a center float 45 is provided in the center, and side floats 46, 46 are provided on both the left and right sides. During the planting operation, each float slides while leveling the mud surface. A seedling is planted on the mark by the seedling planting device 42.

  The fertilizer applicator 5 feeds the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank 50 downward by a fixed amount by the fertilizer feed part 51, ..., transfers the fed fertilizer to the fertilizer guide 53, ... through the fertilizer hose 52, ... Are dropped into a fertilization groove formed in the vicinity of the side portion of the seedling planting strip by means of a groove producing body 54 provided on the front side.

  FIG. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the whole hydraulic device of the agricultural machine.

  Pressure oil delivered from a hydraulic pump 56 that is a pressure oil supply source for delivering oil from the oil tank 55 is operated by a steering hydraulic circuit (steering valve unit) 20 for operating the power steering cylinder 24 (24a, 24b) and the seedling planting device 4. Are supplied to a lifting hydraulic circuit (lifting valve unit) 21 and HST 22 for operating the lifting cylinder. The steering hydraulic circuit 20 is composed of a directional control valve 25 that is interlocked with the operation of the steering handle 16. When the steering handle 16 is in the neutral position, the pressure oil supplied to the steering hydraulic circuit 20 is supplied. When the steering handle 16 is turned to the right from the neutral position, oil with a flow rate corresponding to the operation amount is supplied to the left cylinder chamber 24a of the power steering cylinder 24, and the steering handle 16 is neutralized. When it is turned to the left from the position, pressure oil having a flow rate corresponding to the operation amount is supplied to the right cylinder chamber 24b of the power steering cylinder 24.

  When the discharge amount of the pump 56 is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount, the pressure control valve 23 is opened, and the excess pressure oil is not passed through the steering hydraulic circuit 20 and is used for the lifting cylinder operation of the seedling planting device 4. 21.

  In the lift hydraulic circuit 21, when the amount of oil flowing through the priority valve 26 increases from the illustrated state, the spool in the valve 26 shifts to the right side of the drawing and flows into the lift valve 28 equipped with the lift lever 27. The pressure oil that has flowed into the elevating valve 28 changes its spool position by the elevating lever 27 and is sent to the seedling planting device 4 side or returned to the valve 26 side.

  When the spool of the valve 38 moves to the left from the state shown in the drawing, the pressure oil that has passed through the lift valve 28 and flows into the drop restriction valve 38 having the drop restriction lever 37 activates the lift cylinder 33.

  The priority valve 26 is a two-position, four-port proportional solenoid valve, and is normally in the position shown in FIG. 3. Pressure oil is not sent to the lift cylinder 33, but is sent from the pressure control valve 35 to the HST 22 via the oil filter 36. To be supplied.

  When the elevating valve 28 operates the elevating cylinder 33, the elevating lever 27 is operated to move the elevating valve 28 from the illustrated state in the direction in which the rightmost spool port is opened. At this time, since the throttle 28a is provided in the spool, oil feeding to the HST 22 through the throttle 28a is not interrupted.

  Since the lowering restricting valve 38 includes the one-way valve 38a, the oil in the elevating cylinder 33 is not drained unless the lever 37 is operated.

  The hydraulic circuit of this embodiment shown in FIG. 3 includes a steering hydraulic circuit 20 for operating the power steering cylinder 24, an operating hydraulic circuit 21 for the lifting cylinder 33 of the seedling planting device 4 and the HST 22 connected in series. Since they are arranged close to each other, the discharge pressure of the hydraulic pump 56 can be less than that when these hydraulic circuits 20, 21, and 22 are connected in parallel.

  4 shows a side view of a handle shaft portion in the front cover 7, and FIG. 5 shows a partial top view as seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. A steering hydraulic circuit (steering valve unit) 20 is provided adjacent to the lift hydraulic circuit 21, and the operating force applied to the steering handle 16 is transmitted to the steering valve unit 20, and the steering hydraulic pressure is applied. The power steering cylinder 24, which is a steering hydraulic actuator in the steering box 58 in which the circuit (steering valve unit) 20 is housed, is operated. A pitman arm 60 is attached to the output shaft 20 a of the steering valve unit 20, and a tip portion of the pitman arm 60 and knuckle arms 62 and 62 fixed to the front wheel support cases 61 and 61 are connected by tie rods 65 and 65. Yes. Thus, when the power steering cylinder 24 is operated, the front wheels 10 and 10 are steered according to the operation amount. Another transmission case 64 and HST 22 are disposed adjacent to the handle shaft 66 portion.

  Further, the lift valve 28 of the lift hydraulic circuit 21 of the seedling planting device 4, its spool 28 a, the spool operation arm 63 (actuated by the manual operation lever 27), the automatic switching valve 26, the lift valve 28 and the restriction valve 38 are the handle shaft 66. It is arranged on a bracket 67 provided in. The spool operating arm 63 swings around the rotation fulcrum 63a, and a plurality of ball locking grooves 63b (four grooves of fully open, throttle flow rate, neutral, and lower in the illustrated example) are provided at the opposite end of the rotation fulcrum 63a. ) Is provided. A stroke sensor 68 for detecting the operation position of the spool operation arm 63 is provided in the vicinity of the spool operation arm 63.

  Since the hydraulic parts are concentrated on the handle shaft 66 in this way, the hydraulic piping is shortened compared to the prior art, and a compact configuration can be obtained.

  Also, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a transmission case 64 and a steering box 58 containing a steering hydraulic circuit (steering valve unit) 20 containing a steering gear are separately configured, and a hydraulic pipe 69 is provided between them. Connected.

  Conventionally, the steering valve unit 20 also serves as a hydraulic tank case for a steering gear, and the transmission case 64 is provided independently of the steering valve unit 20 and uses lubricating oil separately. However, as shown in FIG. 5, by connecting the transmission case 64 and the steering valve unit 20 with a “U” -shaped hydraulic pipe 69, the lubricating oil is circulated to improve the lubricity. Further, since the hydraulic pipe 69 is provided on the side of the transmission case 64, the hydraulic pipe 69 can be inserted / removed by inserting / removing the hydraulic pipe 69 from / to the side of the cockpit 15 so that it can be attached / detached. It becomes easy. The oil tank 55 in FIG. 3 represents an oil sump at the bottom of both the valve unit 20 and the case 64.

  In the riding type rice transplanter of this embodiment, as shown in the side view of FIG. 6 and the front view of FIG. 7, the brake petal 71 and the operating mechanism of the HST lever 72, the four-wheel brake arm 83, and the power transmission tension pulley 75. When the brake pedal 71 is stepped on, the HST lever 72 returns to the neutral position, and at the same time, the four-wheel brake arm 83 is operated to brake In addition, the engine power transmission tension pulley 75 employs a configuration in which the power is cut off.

  When the brake petal 71 located at the position corresponding to the right foot of the operator is stepped on in the direction of the arrow (a) from the state shown in FIG. 6, the end piece on the opposite side rotates about the rotation fulcrum 76a. Is pushed up in the direction of the arrow (b). When the mounting piece 76 moves in the direction of the arrow (b), the cam 73 provided at the rotation fulcrum 72a at the lower end of the HST lever 72 and integrated with the HST lever 72 rotates clockwise around the rotation fulcrum 72a. The HST lever 72 is rotated in the arrow (c) direction toward the neutral position.

  At this time, the first brake rod 77 whose upper end is rotatably attached to the end piece 71a of the brake petal 71 moves in the direction of the arrow (d). Since the lower end portion of the first brake rod 77 is pivotally connected to the end portion of the triangular arm 81 rotatably supported by the counter shaft 80, the triangular arm 81 rotates in the direction of the arrow (e). Thus, the four-wheel brake is operated by operating the second brake rod 82 whose both ends are rotatably connected to the other end of the triangular arm 81 and the four-wheel brake arm 83 of the transmission case 64.

  As described above, when the brake pedal 71 is depressed, the HST lever 72 returns to the neutral position, and the four-wheel brake is effective. Thus, the HST lever 72 is returned to the neutral position only by operating the brake pedal 71, and the four-wheel brake is effective, so that the operability and safety are improved as compared with the conventional case. In addition, since the four-wheel brake operating mechanism and the brake pedal 71 are disposed at a substantially straight position on the right side of the machine, the first brake rod 77 can be disposed substantially on the same straight line as the straight line. Since these linked configurations can be centrally arranged and the configuration is relatively simple, both the strength of the linked configuration and the installation cost are advantageous.

  In addition, the HST lever 72 swings in the horizontal direction of the arrow (f) to perform road control, planting traveling when the seedling planting device 4 is operated, and PTO traveling control. At this time, the lower end of the HST lever 72 is controlled. The plate 85 having one end fixed to the portion swings around the rotation center 85a. As the plate 85 swings, the first speed change rod 86 having its upper end rotatably attached to the other end of the swing plate 85 moves up and down in the direction of the arrow (g). A lower end portion of the first speed change rod 86 is inserted into a cylindrical ring 88 screwed to a bent piece 87a of a U-shaped speed change counter arm 87. Springs 90 a and 90 b are provided above and below the ring 88, and a first speed change rod 86 is inserted into the springs 90 a and 90 b and the link 88. Since both bent pieces 87a and 87b of the counter arm 87 are inserted into the counter shaft 80 fixedly supported by the machine body, the bent piece 87b of the counter arm 87 is moved to the arrow (h) by the vertical movement of the first speed change rod 86. The second shifting rod 89 also moves in the direction of arrow (i).

  Movement of the counter arm 87 of the second speed change rod 89 causes the speed change switch shifter 91 of the transmission case 64 to move to the shift position for road travel, seedling travel, and PTO travel.

  As described above, the counter arm 81 of the brake rod 77 and the counter arm 87 of the speed change rod 86 are coaxially arranged on the same counter shaft 80, whereby the configuration can be simplified, which is cost effective.

  In the riding type rice transplanter of this example, the auxiliary seedling frame 93 was made foldable as shown in the front view of FIG. 8 and the arrow view from the direction of arrow A in FIG. A plurality of foldable auxiliary seedling frames 93 are provided on a support column 97 standing on a bracket 96 at the upper end of an arm 94 provided on the airframe, and a lock lever 99 that can be inserted into and removed from the bracket 96 is provided. When the lock lever 99 is inserted into the hole, the column 97 can be fixed without rotating. The column 97 can be rotated 360 degrees, but the lever 99 can be fixed by pressing the lever 99 with the spring 100 when the lock lever 99 is inserted into a hole provided in the column 97.

  Thus, when a seedling is mounted on the auxiliary seedling frame 93, the seedling frame 93 can be rotated and stored around the support column 97, and even if there is an obstacle at the time of seedling planting, this can be avoided. It can also be folded during seedling transportation and storage. Further, the operator can get off from the front side of the aircraft by walking on the floor from the cockpit 15 with the seedling frame 93 being rotated around the support column 97.

  The present invention can be used for a hydraulic valve of an agricultural machine.

It is a side view of the agricultural working machine of one Example of this invention. It is a top view of the agricultural machine of FIG. It is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the agricultural machine of FIG. It is a side view of the handle post part of the agricultural machine of FIG. It is a top view of the handle post part of FIG. It is a side view of the connection of the operation member of the handle post part of the agricultural machine of FIG. It is a front view of the connection of the operation member of the handle post part of the agricultural machine of FIG. It is a front view of the auxiliary seedling frame part of the agricultural machine of FIG. It is a side view of the auxiliary seedling frame part of the agricultural machine of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 Traveling vehicle body 3 Elevating link apparatus 4 Farm work apparatus (seed planting part) 5 Fertilizer application 6 Reserve seedling frame 7 Front cover 10 Front wheel 11 Rear wheel 12 Mission case 13 Engine 15 Pilot seat 16 Steering handle 17 Rear wheel brake pedal 18 Operation Box 19 Emergency stop switch 20 Steering valve unit 20a Output shaft 21 Lifting valve unit 22 HST 23 Pressure control valve 24 Power steering cylinder 24a Left cylinder chamber 24b Right cylinder chamber 25 Direction control valve 26 Priority valve 27 Lifting lever 28 Lifting valve 28a Restrictor 30 Upper link 31 Lower link 32 Connecting frame 33 Elevating cylinder 34 Rolling cylinder 35 Pressure control valve 36 Oil filter 37 Lowering restriction lever 38 Lowering restriction valve 38a Unidirectional valve 40 Transmission case 41 Seedling stage 41 Seedling outlet 42 Seedling planting device 45 Center float 46 Side float 50 Fertilizer tank 51 Fertilizer feed part 52 Fertilizer hose 53 Fertilizer guide 54 Groove body 55 Oil tank 56 Hydraulic pump 58 Steering box 60 Pitman arm 61 Front wheel support case 62 Knuckle arm 63 Spool operation arm 63a Rotation fulcrum 64 Transmission case 65 Tie rod 66 Steering shaft 67 Bracket 68 Stroke sensor 69 Hydraulic piping 71 Brake pedal 71a End piece 72 HST lever 72a Rotation fulcrum 73 Cam 75 Power transmission tension pulley 76 Attachment piece 76a Rotation fulcrum 77 First brake rod 80 Counter shaft 81 Triangle arm 82 Second brake rod 83 Four-wheel brake arm 85 Plate 85a Rotation center 8 Shift rod 87 counter arms 87a, 87b bent piece 88 ring 89 the second change gear rod 90a, 90b spring 91 shift switching shifter 93 auxiliary seedlings frame 94 arm 96 bracket 97 pillar 99 the locking lever 100 spring

Claims (1)

A steering shaft 66 for supporting the steering handle 16 for operating the steering direction of the wheel 10, a steering valve unit 20 for controlling the hydraulic pressure for steering according to the steering angle of the steering handle 16, and a farm work apparatus 4 that can be raised and lowered are provided. In the agricultural machine
A farm working machine comprising: a front cover 7 that houses a steering shaft 66 and a steering valve unit 20; and a lift valve unit 21 that lifts and lowers the farm working apparatus 4 in the front cover 7.

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