JP2005130557A - Power generation/voltage transformation integrator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent wasting of energy due to iron loss, for higher efficiency, smaller size, and a lower cost. <P>SOLUTION: While a generator is driven by an engine, first and second switches connected between a high voltage line and a primary side coil of a three-phase transformer are turned off, to eliminate iron loss, for forced cooling of a transformer 16 with a fan 22. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation / transformation integrated device in which a power generation device and a transformer device are integrated, and is devised so as to reduce costs and resource consumption, increase energy efficiency, and provide environmental conservation reliability. It has been done.

  Conventionally, facilities that require relatively large electric power, such as large hospitals, shops, factories, and supermarkets, are equipped with a transformer device called a cubicle. For example, the voltage transformer reduces the high voltage of 6600 V to 200 V and 100 V, and supplies the reduced voltage to the power motor wiring and the electric wiring for the facility.

  On the other hand, a power generation device has been developed to supply power by itself. The power generation device has an engine and a generator driven by the engine. However, even if a power generation device is installed, a transformer device is not unnecessary. The power generator and the transformer are used in combination, and when one of them is operating, the other is used in a non-operating state.

  The power generation device and the transformer device described above are used in combination. When the power generation device is being used, the output terminal of the transformer device and the load are turned off. The output terminal of the power generator is connected to the load.

  However, the primary side of the transformer remains connected to the high voltage line. This means that even when the transformer is in a no-load state (not in use), iron loss occurs, that is, energy is wasted.

  For example, it is assumed that there is a facility (retirement home) with a contract power of 300 kw. Assume that the installed capacity is 1200 KVA. If the single-phase transformer and the three-phase transformer have iron losses of 4.0 W and 5.0 W per 1 KVA, respectively, and the single-phase transformer and the three-phase transformer are mixed and used in almost the same number, the iron loss Can be seen as an average of 4.5 W.

  In the case of the above nursing home, the iron loss is 1200 KVA × 4.5 W = 5.4 kw. When this is converted into annual power consumption, it is 5.4 kw × 8,760 hours = 47,304 kwh. In this way, even in one facility, the energy waste becomes a very large value. Therefore, if it is grasped on the whole scale in Japan, a large amount of energy is wasted.

  Moreover, it is efficient to use the transformer device at the transformer rating. However, it is normally used so that the load distribution is about 60%. This is because the designer designs in anticipation of the temperature rise of the transformer. If it is designed to be overloaded, the oil temperature of the transformer will rise, eventually the oil will boil and there is a danger of the transformer exploding. This means that the transformer is not being used with sufficient efficiency.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an integrated power generation / transformation device that can prevent energy waste due to iron loss. It is another object of the present invention to provide a power generation / transformation integrated device that can fully draw out the performance of the transformer device, use it efficiently, and thus achieve downsizing and cost reduction of the device.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, an embodiment of the present invention includes a first switch connected between a high-voltage line and a primary side winding of a three-phase transformer, and a secondary of the three-phase transformer. A first switch for taking out the low-voltage output on the secondary side of the three-phase transformer, connected to the other terminal of the second switch, the second switch to which the low-voltage output on the side is supplied to one terminal A single-phase transformer connected to a primary winding to the other terminal of the second switch so that the low-voltage output is single-phased and output to a second output terminal on the secondary side; an engine; A generator driven by an engine; a third switch connected between the generator output terminal and the first output terminal of the generator; the generator and the first, second and third switches; And when the power is generated by the generator, the first and second switches are turned off and the third switch is turned off. And a on-to the control panel to.

  The present invention also provides a containment chamber, a three-phase transformer installed on the floor of the containment chamber and having a primary winding connected to a high voltage line, and installed on the floor of the containment chamber. A single-phase transformer that outputs from the low-pressure output on the secondary side to the secondary side, an engine installed on the floor of the containment chamber, a generator installed on the floor of the containment chamber and driven by the engine, and the 3 A phase transformer, an intake hole provided in a floor where the single-phase transformer is installed, and an exhaust hole provided in a wall of the storage chamber located in front of a cooling fan of the engine, The phase transformer and the single-phase transformer were forcibly cooled by air.

  According to the present invention, energy saving, cost reduction, and maintenance cost reduction of the apparatus can be obtained.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an electrical system of a power generation / transformation integrated device according to the present invention. The lead-in wire 11 introduced from the high-voltage power transmission line is connected to the primary side terminal of the three-phase transformer 13 via the switch 12. The low voltage (for example, 200V) derived from the secondary side of the three-phase transformer 13 is connected to the first output terminal 15 via the switch 14 and is connected to the primary side of the single-phase transformer (Scott transformer) 16. Connected to the terminal. The single-phase transformer 16 converts the three-phase 200V into a single-phase 200-100V voltage, and derives a reduced pressure output to the second output terminal 17 on the secondary side. The voltage derived from the first output terminal 15 is mainly used for power such as a motor, and the voltage derived from the second output terminal 17 is mainly used for electric power.

  In the present invention, a power generator is further integrated with the cubicle. That is, the engine 21 is provided. The engine 21 has a fan 22 for air cooling. The engine 21 uses, for example, special A heavy oil as fuel. The engine 21 drives the generator 23. Electric power (200 V) generated by the generator 23 is guided to the terminal 15 via the switch 24.

  On the other hand, 30 is a system control panel. The control panel 30 mainly switches between a power generator and a transformer. In the present invention, the power generation device is used primarily, and the transformer is used, for example, at night. Of course, when the power generator is inspected and repaired, it is switched to the operating state of the transformer. When the power generator is put into operation, the output of the control panel 30 turns on the switch 24 and turns off the switches 12 and 14. Conversely, when the transformer is in an operating state, the output of the control panel 30 turns off the switch 24 and turns on the switches 12 and 14.

  Here, looking at the overall situation when the power generator is operating, the following functions are exhibited. That is, since the switches 12 and 14 are off, no current flows on the primary side of the three-phase transformer 13. This means that the primary-side iron loss (no-load loss) that has been regarded as a problem does not occur. In other words, the use of the device of the present invention means that energy waste is reduced.

  On the other hand, the single-phase transformer 16 converts three-phase 200V into single-phase 200V-100V. Here, in the apparatus of the present invention, the single-phase transformer 16 can be forcibly cooled by effectively utilizing the air flow of the fan 22 accompanying the rotation of the engine 21. As a result, the temperature increase of the single-phase transformer 16 is suppressed. This makes it possible to use the single-phase transformer 16 near the rating, and increase the use efficiency. Conventionally, the load distribution is about 60%. This is because if the load is designed to be close to 100%, the oil temperature of the transformer rises, eventually the oil boils and the transformer may explode. However, when a cooling flow is forcibly created as in the present invention to increase the cooling effect, the temperature rise is suppressed. As a result, the utilization efficiency of the transformer can be increased.

  According to JIS for transformers, the rising temperature of oil is 50 ° C., the maximum ambient temperature is 40 ° C., and a total of 90 ° C. is the maximum temperature. Furthermore, JIS states that when the transformer oil is cold, an overload of 150% can be tolerated up to a total temperature rise of 50 ° C.

  In the apparatus of the present invention, forced air cooling is changed from conventional natural cooling, and the temperature rise can be halved. The conventional oil rising temperature of 50 ° C. can be suppressed to 25 ° C. Then, as a whole, it can be suppressed to 65 ° C., which was conventionally in a state of reaching 90 ° C. As a result, the temperature rise can be suppressed as a whole, and the utilization efficiency of the transformer can be increased. That is, the load on the transformer can be made larger than before.

  FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of the apparatus of the present invention. Reference numeral 100 denotes a storage box (storage room), and the roof 101 is supported by side walls 102 and 103. Reference numeral 104 denotes a floor. The room 201 has a built-in transformer, and the room 202 has a built-in power generator. Reference numeral 105 denotes a partition wall.

  On the floor of the room 201, a three-phase transformer 13 and a single-phase transformer 16 are installed. And in the lower part of the three-phase transformer 13 and the single-phase transformer 16, intake holes A1 and A2 are formed in the floor, respectively. Moreover, the ceiling board can be ventilated, and the space part behind the ceiling is connected to the adjacent room 202. The ceiling plate of the room 202 can also be ventilated. Here, the engine 21 and the generator 23 are installed on the floor of the room 202. The fan 22 of the engine 21 faces the exhaust hole B1 of the wall 103.

  When the engine 21 is in operation, the fan 22 rotates and the air in the room 202 is exhausted through the exhaust hole B1. For this reason, cold air is sucked into the room 201 from under the floor through the intake holes A1 and A2. Thereby, the transformers 13 and 16 are forcibly air-cooled. The air in the room 201 passes through the back of the ceiling and is released through the room 202 and the exhaust hole B1.

  The switch 12, the switch 14, the switch 24, the terminals 17, 15 and the like are provided and arranged on the switchboard.

  In the above-described apparatus of the present invention, cooling fans 301 and 302 may be further provided in the portions of the intake holes A1 and A2 below the floor 104. The cooling fans 301 and 302 operate when the transformer is in operation, and cool the transformer. At this time, the power supply of the fan motor is guided from a transformer.

  According to the power generation / transformation integrated device of the present invention described above, 1) energy saving and maintenance cost can be reduced. This is because the switches 12 and 14 are turned off when the power generator is operating. For this reason, the iron loss of the transformer 13 is reduced by 70% to 90% compared to the conventional case. This is to eliminate energy waste. If it is calculated on a nationwide scale, it will lead to significant energy reduction. Naturally, for the user, this leads to a reduction in maintenance costs and a reduction in the payment of electricity charges. 2) In the device of the present invention, the power generation device and the transformer device are integrated. Compared to the case where the power generation device and the transformer device are separately constructed independently and independently, the concept of the present invention reduces the construction cost (at least 30% reduction) and reduces the security management cost. . 3) Furthermore, the cubicle is downsized, the power generation device and the transformer device are integrated, and the maintenance space can be reduced. 4) Integration of power generation equipment and transformer equipment enables integration of foundation work at the time of installation compared to separate foundation work, resulting in short delivery times and low costs. 5) By operating the fans 301 and 302, the safety of the transformer is also reliable. 6) In addition, since there is always an air flow, condensation and dust adhesion are unlikely to occur, it is difficult to deteriorate over time and a long life can be obtained.

Next, CO ₂ emissions will be examined. As described above, since the three-phase transformer has the switches 12 and 14 according to the present invention, the current corresponding to the iron loss on the primary side does not flow when not operating. Conventionally, the current that causes this iron loss has flowed, so that the power plant always supplies power via the high-voltage line. This unnecessary power supply is enormous on a nationwide scale, and there is fuel (heavy oil) consumption (in the case of thermal power generation) for that purpose. This fuel consumption naturally leads to CO ₂ emission. In addition, since power is supplied far away from the power plant, the amount of power transmission loss is also added to the fuel consumption. Looking at Japan as a whole, annual CO ₂ emissions will be over 10 million tons. However, such unnecessary consumption can be greatly reduced by employing the present invention, and the CO ₂ emission amount is also greatly reduced.

Explanatory drawing which shows the electric system in one embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the structural block structure in one embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  12, 14, 24 ... switch, 13 ... 3-phase transformer, 16 ... single-phase (Scott) transformer, 21 ... engine, 22 ... fan, 23 ... generator, 30 ... control panel.

Claims (4)

A first switch connected between the high-voltage line and the primary winding of the three-phase transformer;
A second switch in which a low-voltage output on the secondary side of the three-phase transformer is supplied to one terminal;
A first output terminal connected to the other terminal of the second switch, for extracting a low-voltage output on the secondary side of the three-phase transformer, and a primary winding on the other terminal of the second switch; A single-phase transformer that is connected and single-phases the low-voltage output to output to the second output terminal on the secondary side;
Engine,
A generator driven by the engine;
A third switch connected between the power generation output terminal of the generator and the first output terminal;
Controlling the generator and the first, second and third switches, and when generating power by the generator, turning off the first and second switches, a control panel for turning on the third switch,
A power generation / transformation integrated device characterized by comprising: A box-type storage room;
A three-phase transformer installed on the floor of the containment room and having a primary winding connected to a high voltage line;
A single-phase transformer that is installed on the floor of the containment chamber and outputs a low-pressure output on the secondary side of the three-phase transformer to the secondary side in a single phase;
An engine installed on the floor of the containment chamber;
A generator installed on the floor of the containment chamber and driven by the engine;
The three-phase transformer, an intake hole provided in the floor where the single-phase transformer is installed,
An exhaust hole provided in a wall of the storage chamber located in front of the cooling fan of the engine;
And the three-phase transformer and the single-phase transformer are forcibly air-cooled.   The power generation / transformation integrated device according to claim 2, wherein a fan for cooling the transformer is attached in the vicinity of the intake hole. A box-type storage room;
A three-phase transformer installed on the floor of the containment room;
A first switch connected between the high voltage line and the primary winding of the three-phase transformer;
A single-phase transformer installed on the floor of the containment chamber;
A second switch in which a low-voltage output on the secondary side of the three-phase transformer is supplied to one terminal;
A first output terminal connected to the other terminal of the second switch, for taking out a low-voltage output on the secondary side of the three-phase transformer; and installed on the floor of the storage chamber; A single-phase transformer that is connected to a primary side winding of the terminal and that makes the low-voltage output into a single phase and outputs it to the second output terminal on the secondary side,
An engine installed on the floor of the containment chamber;
A generator installed on the floor of the containment chamber and driven by the engine;
A third switch connected between the power generation output terminal of the generator and the first output terminal;
Controlling the generator and the first, second and third switches, and when generating power by the generator, turning off the first and second switches, a control panel for turning on the third switch,
The three-phase transformer, an intake hole provided in the floor where the single-phase transformer is installed,
An exhaust hole provided in a wall of the storage chamber located in front of the cooling fan of the engine;
And the three-phase transformer and the single-phase transformer are forcibly air-cooled.

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