JP2005125354A - Method and machine for pressing sheet using tension control - Google Patents

Method and machine for pressing sheet using tension control Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005125354A
JP2005125354A JP2003362947A JP2003362947A JP2005125354A JP 2005125354 A JP2005125354 A JP 2005125354A JP 2003362947 A JP2003362947 A JP 2003362947A JP 2003362947 A JP2003362947 A JP 2003362947A JP 2005125354 A JP2005125354 A JP 2005125354A
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tension
punch
die
press working
pressing
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JP4197481B2 (en
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Toru Yoshida
亨 吉田
Eiji Isogai
栄志 磯貝
Koji Hashimoto
浩二 橋本
Ichiro Aoki
一郎 青木
Osamu Akutsu
治 阿久津
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a machine for preventing cracks, wrinkles and defective dimensional accuracy in press working. <P>SOLUTION: In the method of pressing a sheet by using tension control, tension applied to a material is measured during press working, and the speed of punch formation is controlled so that the tension falls within a prescribed range. The machine for pressing the sheet by using tension control has a punch 1, die 2, wrinkle suppressor 3, tension measuring means 5 for measuring the tension applied to a material during press working, and controlling means for adjusting the forming speed of the punch or die on the basis of the tension measured by the tension measuring means. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は自動車用部品、家電製品用部品、容器等を、鋼板、アルミ板等の薄板材を用いてプレス加工することにより製造する方法及び装置に関し、加工中に成形速度を制御するプレス加工方法及びプレス装置に係るものである。   The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing parts for automobiles, parts for home appliances, containers, and the like by using a thin plate material such as a steel plate or an aluminum plate, and a press method for controlling a forming speed during the processing. And a press device.

薄板のプレス加工において成形性に及ぼす成形速度の影響は大きく、非特許文献1には張出し成形では成形速度の増大とともに破断成形高さが減少し、深絞り成形では高速成形ほど成形限が向上することが記載されている。そのため、成形方法に応じて最適な成形速度を設定する必要があるが、自動車や家電向けなどに量産されるプレス部品は形状が複雑であるため張出し成形や深絞り成形が複合しており、成形過程において最適な成形速度が異なる問題がある。また、材料の特性のバラツキにより、プレス加工における成形速度の適正条件は変動する問題があり、成形速度を適正範囲に収める必要がある。最近、安全対策、環境対策として自動車への高強度鋼板適用が拡大しているが、一般に高強度鋼板の場合、伸びが小さく成形性が劣るため、プレス加工の成形速度の適正範囲が狭くなる傾向があり、プレス加工を難しくしている。
また成形速度の制御に関し、特許文献1には、あらかじめ破断危険部とポンチの接触状況や歪量を調べ、それらに応じて成形速度を変更するプレス成形方法が開示されている。
塑性と加工 Vol.17 no.188 722−730頁 特開平5−161925号公報
The influence of the forming speed on the formability in the press working of a thin plate is large. According to Non-Patent Document 1, in the stretch forming, the breaking forming height decreases as the forming speed increases, and in the deep drawing forming, the forming limit is improved as the high speed forming is performed. It is described. Therefore, it is necessary to set the optimal molding speed according to the molding method, but press parts that are mass-produced for automobiles and home appliances are complex in shape, so overhang molding and deep drawing molding are combined. There is a problem that the optimum molding speed is different in the process. Further, there is a problem that the appropriate conditions of the molding speed in the press working fluctuate due to the variation in the material characteristics, and it is necessary to keep the molding speed within an appropriate range. Recently, the application of high-strength steel sheets to automobiles has been expanding as a safety measure and environmental measure, but generally high-strength steel sheets tend to have a narrow range of press forming speeds due to their small elongation and poor formability. This makes press working difficult.
Regarding the control of the molding speed, Patent Document 1 discloses a press molding method in which the contact state and strain amount between the risk of fracture and the punch are examined in advance and the molding speed is changed according to them.
Plasticity and processing Vol. 17 no. 188 722-730 JP-A-5-161925

しかし、特許文献1に開示された発明では、成形速度を変更するための因子としては、破断危険部とポンチの接触状況や破断危険部に発生する歪量であり、加工中に加わる材料の張力が所定の範囲となるように成形速度を制御する技術は開示されていない。また、成形途中に速度を制御する方法についても開示されていない。また、成形品の表面品質である「割れ」、「シワ」の発生を防止し、「寸法精度不良」を防ぐことについても記載されていない。
本発明は、薄板のプレス加工中に発生する「割れ」、「シワ」、「寸法精度不良」を防止することが可能な薄板のプレス加工方法及び装置を提供することを目的とする。
However, in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1, factors for changing the molding speed are the contact state between the fracture risk part and the punch and the amount of strain generated in the risk of fracture, and the tension of the material applied during processing There is no disclosure of a technique for controlling the molding speed so that the value falls within a predetermined range. Also, there is no disclosure of a method for controlling the speed during molding. Further, there is no description about preventing the occurrence of “crack” and “wrinkle” which are the surface quality of the molded product and preventing “defective dimensional accuracy”.
An object of the present invention is to provide a thin plate pressing method and apparatus capable of preventing “cracking”, “wrinkle”, and “defective dimensional accuracy” that occur during pressing of a thin plate.

係る課題を解決するため、本発明の要旨とするところは、下記のとおりである。
(1)プレス加工中において材料にかかる張力を測定し、張力が所定範囲内となるように、ポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御することを特徴とする張力制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工方法。
(2)予め材料にかかる張力の目標値を定め、前記目標値の±9%以内となるように、ポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御することを特徴とする(1)記載の張力制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工方法。
(3)ポンチ、ダイス及びシワ押さえと、更にプレス加工中の材料にかかる張力を測定する張力測定手段と、前記張力測定手段で測定した張力に基づいてポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を調整する制御手段を有することを特徴とする張力制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工装置。
In order to solve the problem, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A method of pressing a thin plate using tension control, characterized by measuring a tension applied to a material during pressing and controlling a forming speed of a punch or a die so that the tension is within a predetermined range.
(2) The target value of the tension applied to the material is determined in advance, and the punch or die forming speed is controlled to be within ± 9% of the target value. The tension control described in (1) is used. A method of pressing thin plates.
(3) punch, die and wrinkle presser, tension measuring means for measuring the tension applied to the material being pressed, and control means for adjusting the punch or die forming speed based on the tension measured by the tension measuring means. A thin plate press working apparatus using tension control.

本発明に係るプレス加工方法及び装置により、プレス加工時に発生する「割れ」、「シワ」、「寸法精度不良」を効果的に防止することができる。   The press working method and apparatus according to the present invention can effectively prevent “cracking”, “wrinkle”, and “defective dimensional accuracy” that occur during press working.

以下、本発明について、詳細に説明する。
図1はプレス加工前、図2はプレス加工後の例を示している。まず、ダイス2上の材料4に対して、シワ押さえ3が上から圧力をかける。次に、プレス加工においてポンチ1が上方から移動して材料4をプレスする。この際、ポンチ1とダイス2の間の材料4には、シワ押さえ3の圧力により張力が発生している。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 shows an example before pressing, and FIG. 2 shows an example after pressing. First, the wrinkle presser 3 applies pressure to the material 4 on the die 2 from above. Next, in the press working, the punch 1 moves from above to press the material 4. At this time, tension is generated in the material 4 between the punch 1 and the die 2 by the pressure of the wrinkle presser 3.

図3は前記(3)に係る本発明の装置構成の例を示している。ダイス2に張力測定手段5が設置されており、プレス加工に際して材料4にかかる張力を測定する。図4は本発明の装置構成例の詳細を示している。ダイス2内に設置されたロードセル等の張力測定手段5は、材料4に接触して材料4にかかる張力を測定している。   FIG. 3 shows an example of the apparatus configuration of the present invention according to (3). A tension measuring means 5 is installed on the die 2 and measures the tension applied to the material 4 during press working. FIG. 4 shows details of an apparatus configuration example of the present invention. A tension measuring means 5 such as a load cell installed in the die 2 is in contact with the material 4 and measures the tension applied to the material 4.

図5は材料4にかかる張力を測定する仕組みの概念を2次元で示している。材料4にかかる張力をT[MPa]とし、張力測定手段5のダイス2側およびポンチ1側で材料4が水平となす角度をそれぞれθ1[度]、θ2[度]とすれば、張力測定手段5が垂直方向に受ける荷重W[MPa]は以下の(1)式で表すことができる。
W=T×(sinθ1+sinθ2) (1)
FIG. 5 shows the concept of the mechanism for measuring the tension applied to the material 4 in two dimensions. If the tension applied to the material 4 is T [MPa], and the angles that the material 4 is horizontal to the die 2 side and the punch 1 side of the tension measuring means 5 are θ1 [degree] and θ2 [degree], respectively, the tension measuring means The load W [MPa] that 5 receives in the vertical direction can be expressed by the following equation (1).
W = T × (sin θ1 + sin θ2) (1)

θ1、θ2はポンチ1、ダイス2、シワ押さえ3の幾何形状と位置、および材料4の板厚で決まるので、張力測定手段5が垂直方向に受ける荷重Wを測定することにより材料にかかる張力Tを算出することができる。前記(1)に係る発明では、上記に説明したようにプレス加工中において材料にかかる張力を測定し、張力が所定範囲内となるようにポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御する。金型で実際に移動するのはスライド側に固定されている型であり、ポンチが移動しても良いし、ダイスが移動しても良い。
前記(1)に係る発明では、プレス加工中において材料にかかる張力を測定し、張力が所定範囲内となるように、ポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御する。
Since θ1 and θ2 are determined by the geometric shape and position of the punch 1, the die 2, and the wrinkle presser 3, and the plate thickness of the material 4, the tension T applied to the material by measuring the load W received by the tension measuring means 5 in the vertical direction. Can be calculated. In the invention according to the above (1), as described above, the tension applied to the material during press working is measured, and the molding speed of the punch or die is controlled so that the tension falls within a predetermined range. The die that is actually moved is a die that is fixed on the slide side, and the punch may move or the die may move.
In the invention according to (1), the tension applied to the material is measured during press working, and the molding speed of the punch or die is controlled so that the tension is within a predetermined range.

図6は材料にかかる張力と成形速度の関係を示す例であり、ポンチの成形速度を操作することにより、材料にかかる張力を適正範囲に制御できることを示している。
プレス加工中に材料に係る張力が所定値以下になると、シワが発生し、所定値を超えると、割れが発生しやすくなる。
FIG. 6 is an example showing the relationship between the tension applied to the material and the molding speed, and shows that the tension applied to the material can be controlled within an appropriate range by manipulating the molding speed of the punch.
When the tension applied to the material is lower than or equal to a predetermined value during the press working, wrinkles are generated. When the tension exceeds the predetermined value, cracks are likely to occur.

前記(2)に係る発明では、予め材料にかかる張力の目標値を定め、前記目標値の±9%以内となるようにポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御する。
張力の目標値は事前に実施するテストプレスにより定める。すなわち、成形速度を変化させてテストプレスを繰り返し、割れもシワも発生しない最適なプレスが行えた際の張力測定手段5による測定値を目標値とする(図6参照)。プレス加工中に測定した張力が、目標値−9%より小さいとシワが発生し、目標値+9%より大きいと割れが発生するので、目標値±9%以内となるようにポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御することが好ましい。
In the invention according to (2), the target value of the tension applied to the material is determined in advance, and the punch or die forming speed is controlled to be within ± 9% of the target value.
The target value of tension is determined by a test press that is performed in advance. That is, the test press is repeated while changing the forming speed, and the measured value by the tension measuring means 5 when the optimum press without generating cracks and wrinkles can be made as the target value (see FIG. 6). If the tension measured during press working is smaller than the target value -9%, wrinkles will occur, and if it is larger than the target value + 9%, cracks will occur. Therefore, punch or die is molded so that the target value is within ± 9%. It is preferable to control the speed.

以下、実施例について説明する。
材料として、直径200mm、厚さ1.0mmの590MPa級冷延鋼板を用いた。金型は円筒深絞り用でパンチは径78mm、肩R8mm、ダイスは径140mm、肩R10mmを用い、シワ押さえ力を15[TON]とした。本発明例として、図3に示すようにダイス2内に張力測定手段5として、図5に示すロードセルを設置してプレス加工中の張力を測定した。尚、θ1=1.5[度]、θ2=3[度]とした。
プレス加工に先立ちテストプレスを実施した結果、シワと割れが発生しない場合の張力測定値から、張力の目標値は630[MPa/mm]とした。
Examples will be described below.
As a material, a 590 MPa class cold-rolled steel sheet having a diameter of 200 mm and a thickness of 1.0 mm was used. The die was for cylindrical deep drawing, the punch had a diameter of 78 mm and a shoulder R8 mm, the die had a diameter of 140 mm and a shoulder R10 mm, and the wrinkle pressing force was 15 [TON]. As an example of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the load cell shown in FIG. 5 was installed as the tension measuring means 5 in the die 2, and the tension during the press working was measured. Note that θ1 = 1.5 [degrees] and θ2 = 3 [degrees].
As a result of performing the test press prior to the press working, the target value of the tension was set to 630 [MPa / mm] from the measured tension value when no wrinkles and cracks occurred.

本発明例ではプレス加工中に張力を測定し、図6に示すように張力の測定値が目標値の±9%以内となるように成形速度を制御した。その結果、30回のプレス加工においてシワ、割れの発生は皆無であった。また、全ての成形品において寸法精度の変動が小さく、円筒部の外径の最大値と最小値の差が0.5mm以下であった。
一方、比較例ではプレス加工中の張力測定を行わずに、成形速度を100[mm/s]一定として加工したところ、30回のプレス加工において、シワ9件、割れ6件が発生した。また、成形できた加工品においても寸法精度の変動が大きく、円筒部の外径の最大値と最小値の差が1.0mm以上であった。
In the example of the present invention, the tension was measured during press working, and the forming speed was controlled so that the measured value of the tension was within ± 9% of the target value as shown in FIG. As a result, wrinkles and cracks were not generated in 30 times of press working. In all the molded products, the variation in dimensional accuracy was small, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion was 0.5 mm or less.
On the other hand, in the comparative example, when the forming speed was fixed at 100 [mm / s] without measuring the tension during the press working, 9 wrinkles and 6 cracks occurred in 30 press workings. In addition, the dimensional accuracy of the processed product that had been molded also varied greatly, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion was 1.0 mm or more.

プレス加工前の装置構成例を示す。An apparatus configuration example before press working is shown. プレス加工後の装置構成例を示す。An example of an apparatus configuration after press working is shown. 本発明の装置構成例の概要を示す。The outline | summary of the apparatus structural example of this invention is shown. 本発明の装置構成例の詳細を示す。The detail of the apparatus structural example of this invention is shown. 材料にかかる張力の測定の仕組みを示す。The mechanism of measuring the tension applied to the material is shown. 材料にかかる張力と成形速度の関係の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the relationship between the tension | tensile_strength concerning material, and a shaping | molding speed.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 ポンチ
2 ダイス
3 シワ押さえ
4 材料
5 荷重測定手段
1 punch 2 dies 3 wrinkle presser 4 material 5 load measuring means

Claims (3)

プレス加工中において材料にかかる張力を測定し、張力が所定範囲内となるようにポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御することを特徴とする張力制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工方法。   A method for pressing a thin plate using tension control, characterized by measuring a tension applied to a material during pressing and controlling a forming speed of a punch or a die so that the tension falls within a predetermined range. 予め材料にかかる張力の目標値を定め、前記目標値の±9%以内となるようにポンチまたはダイスの成形速度を制御することを特徴とする請求項1記載の張力制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工方法。   2. A thin plate press using tension control according to claim 1, wherein a target value of tension applied to the material is determined in advance, and a punch or die forming speed is controlled to be within ± 9% of the target value. Processing method. ポンチ、ダイス及びシワ押さえと、更にプレス加工中の材料にかかる張力を測定する張力測定手段と、前記張力測定手段で測定した張力に基づいてポンチまたはダイス成形速度を調整する制御手段を有することを特徴とする張力制御を用いた薄板のプレス加工装置。   A punch, die and wrinkle presser, tension measuring means for measuring the tension applied to the material being pressed, and control means for adjusting the punch or die forming speed based on the tension measured by the tension measuring means. A thin plate press working device using tension control.
JP2003362947A 2003-10-23 2003-10-23 Thin plate pressing method and apparatus using tension control Expired - Fee Related JP4197481B2 (en)

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