JP2005121237A - Resin gear - Google Patents
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- JP2005121237A JP2005121237A JP2005027282A JP2005027282A JP2005121237A JP 2005121237 A JP2005121237 A JP 2005121237A JP 2005027282 A JP2005027282 A JP 2005027282A JP 2005027282 A JP2005027282 A JP 2005027282A JP 2005121237 A JP2005121237 A JP 2005121237A
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本発明は、リング状に整えられた補強繊維基材と金属製ブッシュを成形金型に収容し、成形金型に注入した液状樹脂を補強繊維基材に含浸して、補強繊維基材と金属製ブッシュを一体成形した樹脂歯車に関する。 According to the present invention, a reinforcing fiber base material and a metal bush arranged in a ring shape are accommodated in a molding die, and the reinforcing fiber base material is impregnated with a liquid resin injected into the molding die. The present invention relates to a resin gear integrally formed with a bush.
樹脂歯車を成形するための補強繊維基材として、アラミド繊維糸を織ったり編んだりした筒状体が提案されている(特開平8−156124号公報)。図4に示すように、この筒状体11は、軸方向に巻き上げリング状に整えた補強繊維基材1にして歯車の製造に供する。この補強繊維基材と当該補強繊維基材の中央に配置した金属製ブッシュとを成形金型に収容し、成形金型に注入した液状樹脂を補強繊維基材に含浸して一体成形(注入成形)する。そして、補強繊維基材を含む成形体部分の周囲に切削加工等により歯を形成し、樹脂歯車を完成する。この樹脂歯車は、補強繊維基材がつなぎ目のないリング状であるので、歯車周囲各部の強度が均一であり好ましいものである。 As a reinforcing fiber base for molding a resin gear, a cylindrical body in which aramid fiber yarns are woven or knitted has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-156124). As shown in FIG. 4, this cylindrical body 11 is used as a reinforcing fiber base material 1 that is rolled up in the axial direction and used for manufacturing a gear. The reinforcing fiber base and a metal bush arranged at the center of the reinforcing fiber base are accommodated in a molding die, and the liquid resin injected into the molding die is impregnated into the reinforcing fiber base and integrally molded (injection molding). ) And a tooth | gear is formed by cutting etc. around the molded object part containing a reinforcement fiber base material, and a resin gear is completed. This resin gear is preferable because the reinforcing fiber base material has a seamless ring shape, and the strength of each part around the gear is uniform.
別の技術では、リング状に整えた補強繊維基材を以下のように準備し、上記と同様に成形に供して樹脂歯車を完成する。すなわち、図5に示すように、アラミド繊維糸を織ったり編んだりしたシート体12を棒状に巻き、その両端を重ね合せるようにリング状に整えた補強繊維基材1にする。補強繊維基材1を上記図4を参照して説明した場合と同様に注入成形に供する。
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、混紡糸を編んで構成した筒状体を用いてリング状に整えられた補強繊維基材を用いた注入成形樹脂歯車において、その構成を最適化し、機械強度と使用耐久性を確保することである。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is to optimize the structure of an injection-molded resin gear using a reinforcing fiber base material arranged in a ring shape using a cylindrical body formed by knitting a blended yarn, and to obtain a mechanical strength. It is to ensure durability.
上記課題を達成するために、本発明に係る樹脂歯車は次のような構成を採用する。リング状に整えられた補強繊維基材が、(a)アラミド繊維糸を丸編みで編んで構成した丸編み筒状体からなる。なお以下、比較のために、補強繊維基材が(b)アラミド繊維糸を織って構成した筒状体やシート体からなる場合と対比して説明する。 In order to achieve the above object, the resin gear according to the present invention employs the following configuration. The reinforcing fiber base arranged in a ring shape is composed of (a) a circular knitted tubular body formed by knitting an aramid fiber yarn by circular knitting. Hereinafter, for comparison, the description will be made in comparison with the case where the reinforcing fiber base is composed of a cylindrical body or a sheet body (b) formed by weaving an aramid fiber yarn.
(a)において特徴とするところは、アラミド繊維糸を丸編みで編んで構成した丸編み筒状体を用いる場合において、補強繊維基材を含む樹脂成形体中の補強繊維基材体積率が30〜65%、好ましくは45〜55%であること、アラミド繊維糸が、パラ系アラミド繊維と同繊維より低強度の有機繊維との混紡糸であってパラ系アラミド繊維混紡量が30〜60質量%、好ましくは40〜50質量%であることである。 (A) is characterized in that, in the case of using a circular knitted tubular body formed by knitting aramid fiber yarns by circular knitting, the reinforcing fiber base material volume ratio in the resin molded body including the reinforcing fiber base material is 30. -65%, preferably 45-55%, aramid fiber yarn is a blended yarn of para-aramid fiber and organic fiber having lower strength than the same fiber, and the amount of para-aramid fiber blend is 30-60 mass %, Preferably 40 to 50% by mass.
これに対して、比較のための補強繊維基材(b)は、補強繊維基材を含む樹脂成形体中の補強繊維基材体積率が40〜65%であり、アラミド繊維糸が、パラ系アラミド繊維と同繊維より低強度の有機繊維との混紡糸であってパラ系アラミド繊維混紡量が30〜60質量%、好ましくは40〜50質量%である。 On the other hand, the reinforcing fiber base material (b) for comparison has a reinforcing fiber base material volume ratio of 40 to 65% in the resin molded body including the reinforcing fiber base material, and the aramid fiber yarn is para-type. It is a blended yarn of an aramid fiber and an organic fiber having a lower strength than the same fiber, and the blend amount of para-aramid fiber is 30 to 60% by mass, preferably 40 to 50% by mass.
注入成形においては、補強繊維基材は成形金型を閉じたときの圧力で変形することにより、一体成形する金属製ブッシュの外形形状になじむ。この状態で、成形金型に液状樹脂を注入すると、補強繊維基材を含む樹脂成形体部分と金属製ブッシュの結合が実現される。補強繊維基材は、液状樹脂の注入時ならびにその硬化時に変形して金属製ブッシュ角部へ回り込むことは殆どない。この点が、予め樹脂を含浸した補強繊維基材を加熱加圧成形し金属製ブッシュと一体成形する樹脂歯車の製造と大きく異なっている。すなわち、前記加熱加圧成形では、補強繊維基材が樹脂の流動と共に変形して金属製ブッシュ角部へ回り込む。それに対し、注入成形では、樹脂の注入に伴う補強繊維基材の変形が起こりにくいので、金属製ブッシュ角部への補強繊維基材の回り込みが不足し、その部分は補強繊維基材が存在しない樹脂のみの部分となる。当該樹脂のみの部分は歯車の駆動中に損傷を受けやすく、その微細な損傷箇所から劣化が始まって耐久性を低下させる原因になる。しかし、樹脂成形体中の補強繊維基材体積率下限値を上記本発明のように特定することにより、樹脂成形体中に樹脂のみの部分ができなくなる。一方、樹脂成形体中の補強繊維基材体積率上限値は、樹脂の含浸不足を来さないようにするために特定される。 In the injection molding, the reinforcing fiber base conforms to the outer shape of the metal bush to be integrally molded by being deformed by the pressure when the molding die is closed. In this state, when the liquid resin is injected into the molding die, the resin molded body portion including the reinforcing fiber base and the metal bush are combined. The reinforcing fiber base material is hardly deformed at the time of injecting the liquid resin and at the time of curing thereof and does not wrap around the metal bush corner. This point is greatly different from the production of a resin gear in which a reinforcing fiber base impregnated with a resin is heat-pressed and molded integrally with a metal bush. That is, in the heat and pressure molding, the reinforcing fiber base is deformed along with the flow of the resin and wraps around the metal bush corner. On the other hand, in the injection molding, the reinforcing fiber base hardly deforms due to the resin injection, so that the reinforcing fiber base does not wrap around the metal bush corner, and the reinforcing fiber base does not exist in that portion. It becomes the part of resin only. The resin-only portion is easily damaged during the driving of the gear, and deterioration starts from the minute damaged portion, causing a decrease in durability. However, by specifying the lower limit value of the reinforcing fiber base material volume ratio in the resin molded body as in the present invention, a resin-only portion cannot be formed in the resin molded body. On the other hand, the upper limit value of the reinforcing fiber base material volume ratio in the resin molded body is specified so as not to cause insufficient resin impregnation.
特に、本発明のように上記(a)の補強繊維基材を用いる場合には、補強繊維基材が伸縮性を有し成形金型を閉じるときに加えられる圧力で伸びやすいので、樹脂成形体中の補強繊維基材と樹脂の分布を均一にする上で好都合である。従って、(a)の補強繊維基材を用いる場合には、補強繊維基材体積率の適正範囲(特に下限値)を上記(b)の比較のための補強繊維基材を用いる場合より広く設定することが可能である。 In particular, when the reinforcing fiber base of the above (a) is used as in the present invention, the reinforcing fiber base is stretchable and easily stretched by the pressure applied when closing the molding die. It is convenient to make the distribution of the reinforcing fiber substrate and the resin uniform. Accordingly, when the reinforcing fiber base material (a) is used, the appropriate range (particularly the lower limit value) of the reinforcing fiber base material volume ratio is set wider than when the reinforcing fiber base material for comparison (b) is used. Is possible.
本発明において、パラ系アラミド繊維を混紡したアラミド繊維糸は、樹脂歯車に高強度と耐久性を付与している。パラ系アラミド繊維混紡量を多くすれば樹脂歯車の強度は大きくなるが、歯車の歯を形成するときの切削加工性が低下する。そればかりか、パラ系アラミド繊維混紡量を多くすると、アラミド繊維糸が歯の切削加工時に切断されずに切削面に残りやすい。また、切削加工時にアラミド繊維糸が切断されず、引っ張られて引き抜かれるような力を受けるので、補強繊維と樹脂の界面の剥離が起き、その剥離界面から水分等が侵入して耐久性低下の心配もある。パラ系アラミド繊維の強度を十分に発揮させ、加工性と機械強度を保持するためには、パラ系アラミド繊維の混紡量を上記のとおりとする必要がある。 In the present invention, an aramid fiber yarn obtained by blending para-aramid fibers imparts high strength and durability to a resin gear. Increasing the amount of para-aramid fiber blend increases the strength of the resin gear, but reduces the machinability when forming gear teeth. In addition, if the amount of the para-aramid fiber blend is increased, the aramid fiber yarn is likely to remain on the cut surface without being cut during tooth cutting. In addition, since the aramid fiber yarn is not cut at the time of cutting and receives a force that is pulled and pulled, peeling of the interface between the reinforcing fiber and the resin occurs, moisture and the like enter from the peeling interface, and the durability decreases. There is also worry. In order to sufficiently exhibit the strength of the para-aramid fiber and maintain the workability and mechanical strength, it is necessary to set the blend amount of the para-aramid fiber as described above.
本発明に係る樹脂歯車の製造は、次のように行なう。上記のリング状に整えられた補強繊維基材とその中央に配置した金属製ブッシュとを成形金型に収容し、減圧状態の成形金型に液状樹脂を注入して補強繊維基材に含浸し金属製ブッシュと一体成形するのであるが、リング状に整えられた補強繊維基材を成形金型に収容する当たり、補強繊維基材を成形金型に近似した形状にプレス成形してから成形金型に収容する。成形後、補強繊維基材を含む樹脂成形体の周囲に切削加工により歯を形成し樹脂歯車を完成する。補強繊維基材は成形金型に収容してからの動きが少ないので、これを成形金型に近似した形状にプレス成形してから成形金型に収容することは、樹脂のみの部分を発生させない成形を行なうために有効な手段である。また、補強繊維基材が金属製ブッシュの上面へはみ出すことも少なくなる。 The resin gear according to the present invention is manufactured as follows. The above-mentioned reinforcing fiber base arranged in a ring shape and a metal bush arranged in the center thereof are accommodated in a molding die, and a liquid resin is injected into the molding die under reduced pressure to impregnate the reinforcing fiber base. It is molded integrally with a metal bush, but when the reinforcing fiber base arranged in a ring shape is accommodated in the molding die, the reinforcing fiber base is press-molded into a shape similar to the molding die and then the molding die House in mold. After molding, teeth are formed by cutting around the resin molded body including the reinforcing fiber base to complete the resin gear. Since the reinforcing fiber base material has little movement after being housed in the molding die, press molding it into a shape similar to the molding die and then housing it in the molding die does not generate a resin-only part. This is an effective means for performing molding. Further, the reinforcing fiber base material is less likely to protrude from the upper surface of the metal bush.
上述のように、本発明に係る注入成形による樹脂歯車は、補強用繊維基材を混紡糸を丸編みで編んだ丸編み筒状体を用いて構成した場合において、樹脂成形体中の補強繊維基材体積率と、補強繊維基材を構成するパラ系アラミド繊維混紡糸のパラ系アラミド繊維混紡量とを特定の範囲に限定することにより、耐久性と機械強度を高レベルに維持し、歯車製造工程での良好な歯切り加工性も確保することができる。 As described above, when the resin gear by injection molding according to the present invention is formed by using a circular knitted cylindrical body in which a reinforcing fiber base material is knitted with circular knitting, a reinforcing fiber in the resin molded body. By limiting the base material volume ratio and the amount of para-aramid fiber blend of the para-aramid fiber constituting the reinforcing fiber base material to a specific range, durability and mechanical strength are maintained at a high level, and the gear Good gear cutting processability in the manufacturing process can also be ensured.
本発明において、パラ系アラミド繊維と混紡するこれより低強度の有機繊維はメタ系アラミド繊維やポリエステル繊維である。例えば、パラ系アラミド繊維(繊維長50mm,繊維径16μm)とメタ系アラミド繊維(繊維長50mm,繊維径16μm)を所定割合で混紡する。糸の太さは20番手前後である。このような糸を丸編みで編んで、図4に示したように丸編み筒状体11とする。この丸編み筒状体11を軸方向に巻き上げリング状に整えた補強繊維基材1を、歯車の製造に供する。この補強繊維基材1は、リングの断面がほぼ円形である。成形金型の形状に近似するように冷金型でプレス成形し断面を矩形にしてから、成形金型に収容する。
In the present invention, the lower strength organic fibers blended with the para-aramid fibers are meta-aramid fibers and polyester fibers. For example, para-aramid fibers (
図3は、補強繊維基材1と金属製ブッシュ2を一体に成形する様子を示している。上記断面を矩形にした補強繊維基材1を成形金型3内で2段に重ね、中央に金属製ブッシュ2を配置して成形金型3を閉じる。成形金型3を閉じるときの圧力で補強繊維基材1を圧縮変形させて金属製ブッシュ2の形状になじませる。そして、成形金型内を減圧状態(1300Pa)にし、液状樹脂(架橋ポリアミノアミド、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイミドなど)を注入して補強繊維基材1に浸透させ加熱硬化させる。補強繊維基材1を含む樹脂成形体部分の周囲に切削加工により歯を形成し、樹脂歯車を完成する。図5を参照して説明したシート体12を用いる場合も、リング状に整えられた補強繊維基材を準備する工程が異なるだけで、その他は上記説明した工程と同様の工程で比較のための樹脂歯車を完成する。 FIG. 3 shows a state in which the reinforcing fiber base 1 and the metal bush 2 are integrally formed. The reinforcing fiber base 1 having a rectangular cross section is stacked in two stages in the molding die 3, and the metal bush 2 is disposed in the center to close the molding die 3. The reinforcing fiber base material 1 is compressed and deformed by the pressure at the time of closing the molding die 3 so as to conform to the shape of the metal bush 2. Then, the inside of the molding die is brought into a reduced pressure state (1300 Pa), and a liquid resin (crosslinked polyaminoamide, epoxy resin, polyimide, etc.) is injected to penetrate the reinforcing fiber base 1 and cured by heating. Teeth are formed by cutting around the resin molded body portion including the reinforcing fiber base 1 to complete the resin gear. Even when the sheet body 12 described with reference to FIG. 5 is used, only the process for preparing the reinforcing fiber base arranged in a ring shape is different, and the other processes are the same as those described above for comparison. Complete the resin gear.
図1は完成した樹脂歯車の一部欠截斜視図であり、図2はさらにその断面の拡大図である。金属製ブッシュ2に設けた抜け止め21が補強繊維基材1に食い込み、補強繊維基材1と金属製ブッシュ2が一体となっている。樹脂成形体中の補強繊維基材体積率が適正であり、特に樹脂だけという部分が形成されていないし樹脂の含浸不足もない。
FIG. 1 is a partially broken perspective view of a completed resin gear, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the cross section thereof. The
パラ系アラミド繊維とメタ系アラミド繊維の混紡糸(パラ系アラミド繊維混紡量:45質量%)で丸編みで編んだ丸編み筒状体を準備した。この丸編み筒状体を軸方向に巻き上げてリング状に整え、さらに断面が矩形になるように冷金型でプレス成形した補強繊維基材を2個用い、上記発明の実施の形態で説明した方法により、補強繊維基材と金属製ブッシュを一体成形した。補強繊維基材に含浸する液状樹脂として架橋ポリアミノアミドを用い、成形金型への注入量を調整することにより、補強繊維基材体積率の異なる樹脂歯車を製造した。補強繊維基材を含む樹脂成形体の寸法は、外径90mm,内径60mm,厚さ14mmである。また、比較のために、パラ系アラミド繊維とメタ系アラミド繊維の混紡糸(パラ系アラミド繊維混紡量:45質量%)で織った(平織り)筒状体を用いて、同様に樹脂歯車(比較のための樹脂歯車)を製造した。 A circular knitted tubular body knitted by circular knitting with a blended yarn of para-aramid fiber and meta-aramid fiber (para-aramid fiber blend amount: 45 mass%) was prepared. This circular knitted tubular body is rolled up in the axial direction, arranged in a ring shape, and further using two reinforcing fiber bases press-molded with a cold mold so that the cross section is rectangular, and described in the embodiment of the invention. By the method, the reinforcing fiber base and the metal bush were integrally formed. Using a crosslinked polyaminoamide as a liquid resin impregnated into the reinforcing fiber base, and adjusting the injection amount into the molding die, resin gears having different reinforcing fiber base volume ratios were manufactured. The resin molded body including the reinforcing fiber base has an outer diameter of 90 mm, an inner diameter of 60 mm, and a thickness of 14 mm. In addition, for comparison, a plastic gear (comparison) is similarly used using a cylindrical body woven (plain weave) with a blended yarn of para-aramid fiber and meta-aramid fiber (para-aramid fiber blend amount: 45 mass%). Resin gears for
上記丸編み筒状体と平織り筒状体をそれぞれ用いた樹脂歯車(モジュール(M)=3.0,歯の数(Z)=22)を耐久試験に供し、補強繊維基材体積率と耐久性の関係を調べた結果を図6に示す。この試験は、歯元応力200MPaの負荷をかけた同歯車を130℃オイル中で6000rpmの速度で連続回転し、樹脂歯車が破壊するまでの総回転数を測定するものである。図6から、丸編み筒状体を用いる場合は、樹脂成形体中の補強繊維基材堆積率が、30〜65%のとき、殊に45〜55%のときに、平織り筒状体を用いる場合よりも樹脂歯車の耐久性が優れていることを理解できる。 Resin gears (module (M) = 3.0, number of teeth (Z) = 22) using the circular knitted tubular body and the plain woven tubular body were subjected to a durability test, and the reinforcing fiber base material volume ratio and durability The result of examining the sex relationship is shown in FIG. This test measures the total number of revolutions until the resin gear breaks by continuously rotating the same gear under a load of tooth root stress of 200 MPa in oil at 130 ° C. at a speed of 6000 rpm. From FIG. 6, when a circular knitted tubular body is used, a plain woven tubular body is used when the reinforcing fiber base material deposition rate in the resin molded body is 30 to 65%, particularly 45 to 55%. It can be understood that the durability of the resin gear is superior to the case.
次に、補強繊維基材体積率を50%とし、パラ系アラミド繊維とメタ系アラミド繊維の混紡量が異なる丸編み筒状体を用いて、樹脂歯車を製造した。各樹脂歯車から90°の角度で切り出した扇形試験片を曲げ強さ測定試験に供し、パラ系アラミド繊維の混紡質量%と曲げ強さの関係を調べた結果を図7に示す。この試験は、40mmの距離をもって扇形の外周側を支持した試験片に内周側から2mm/分の速さで押圧力を加えて実施した。また、同混紡質量%と切削刃を交換せずに歯切り加工可能な歯車の最大個数との関係を併せて図7に示す。図7から、パラ系アラミド繊維の混紡量が、30〜60質量%のとき、殊に40〜50質量%のときに、機械強度と歯切り加工性の両特性をバランス良く満足することを理解できる。 Next, a resin gear was manufactured using a circular knitted tubular body in which the reinforcing fiber base material volume ratio was 50% and the mixed amount of para-aramid fiber and meta-aramid fiber was different. FIG. 7 shows the results of examining the relationship between the blended mass% of the para-aramid fiber and the bending strength by using the sector test piece cut out from each resin gear at an angle of 90 ° for the bending strength measurement test. This test was performed by applying a pressing force at a speed of 2 mm / min from the inner peripheral side to a test piece that supported the outer peripheral side of the sector shape at a distance of 40 mm. FIG. 7 also shows the relationship between the blended mass% and the maximum number of gears that can be geared without changing the cutting blade. From FIG. 7, it is understood that when the blend amount of the para-aramid fiber is 30 to 60% by mass, particularly 40 to 50% by mass, both the mechanical strength and the gear cutting workability are satisfied in a balanced manner. it can.
1は補強繊維基材
11は丸編み筒状体
12はシート体
2は金属製ブッシュ
21は抜け止め
3は成形金型
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 is a reinforcement fiber base material 11 is a circular knitted cylindrical body 12 is a sheet | seat body 2 is a
Claims (3)
前記補強繊維基材を含む樹脂成形体部分に歯が形成され、
前記補強繊維基材が、パラ系アラミド繊維と同繊維より低強度の有機繊維との混紡糸を丸編みで編んで構成した丸編み筒状体を軸方向に巻き上げてリング状に整えてなるものである樹脂歯車であって、
前記樹脂成形体中の補強繊維基材体積率が30〜65%であり且つ前記混紡糸のパラ系アラミド繊維混紡量が30〜60質量%であることを特徴とする樹脂歯車。 A reinforcing fiber base arranged in a ring shape and a metal bush arranged in the center thereof are accommodated in a molding die, and the reinforcing fiber base is impregnated with a liquid resin injected into the molding die. It is constructed by integrally molding a metal bush,
Teeth are formed on the resin molded body portion including the reinforcing fiber base,
The reinforcing fiber base is formed by winding up a circular knitted tubular body formed by knitting a blended yarn of para-aramid fiber and organic fiber having lower strength than the same fiber by circular knitting in an axial direction. A resin gear,
A resin gear, wherein a volume ratio of a reinforcing fiber base in the resin molded body is 30 to 65%, and a blend amount of para-aramid fiber of the blended yarn is 30 to 60% by mass.
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JP2009036356A (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-19 | Toyota Industries Corp | Gear made of fiber-reinforced resin |
JP2009052612A (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-03-12 | Toyota Industries Corp | Fiber-reinforced resin gear |
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