JP2005119814A - Automatic document feeding device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic document feeding device capable of loading mixed documents that can miniaturize the device by shortening the length of a document conveying passage. <P>SOLUTION: The automatic document feeding device 1 delivers documents D from a document loading part 2 separately, and reads the image with a reading means 31 disposed on the way of the conveying passage 5 while conveying the document along the conveying passage 5. A resist means 7 is disposed on the upstream side of the reading means 31 in the conveying passage 5, and a space portion 22 capable of deflecting the conveyed document D is formed in the conveying passage 5 near the upstream side of the resist means 7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic document feeder (ADF) in a so-called sheet-through type document reading apparatus that reads a document image in a reading unit disposed in the middle of a document conveyance path while conveying a document. The present invention relates to an automatic document feeder capable of performing accurate reading even when documents of different sizes are mixedly loaded on a supply tray.

  The sheet-through type document reading apparatus reads an image while keeping a reading scanner stationary below a platen glass of a reading unit and continuously feeding a document onto the platen glass by an automatic document feeder. . In such an original reading apparatus, in the enlargement / reduction mode, the original conveying speed at the time of reading is often changed in order to maintain image quality. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize the size of the document fed from the document supply tray before reading. It is also necessary when performing double-sided scanning with a single sheet passing. Therefore, a plurality of sensors are installed on the document supply tray along the conveyance direction, and the document size is determined based on the detection signal. However, in such an example in which a plurality of sensors are provided on the document supply tray, when documents of different sizes are mixedly loaded on the document supply tray, the maximum size document is detected. There is a problem that size information cannot be obtained. Further, when feeding from an upper-layer document, it is necessary to arrange the stacking order so that a large-sized document is placed on the document supply tray.

In order to solve the above problems, in the document reading device disclosed in Patent Document 1, a plurality of sensors are arranged in a document transport path between a document supply tray and a lead sensor after feeding and separating the document. Thus, the size of each document is determined based on the leading edge and trailing edge detection information for each conveyed document. Further, in Patent Document 2, a retreat path is provided in the middle of the document transport path, and when a document is mixedly loaded, the document is temporarily retracted in the retreat path and the length of the document is detected.
JP-A-8-133551 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-2931

  However, in the document reading apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the length of the document transport path to the lead sensor is at least ½ of the maximum document size (for example, 210 mm when the maximum document size is A3). Due to the necessity, there was a limit to downsizing of the device. Further, in the document reading apparatus of Patent Document 2, since a retreat path is provided in the middle, the layout configuration of the document transport path is complicated, and an auxiliary member such as a flapper and its operating mechanism need to be disposed. And it was expected to be expensive.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a mixed-loadable automatic document feeder capable of reducing the length of a document conveyance path and reducing the size of the device.

  The present invention is an automatic document feeder that feeds documents one by one from a document placing section and conveys the images along a document conveyance path while reading the image by reading means disposed in the middle of the conveyance path. The registration means is disposed upstream of the reading means in the document conveyance path, and a space portion in which the conveyance document can be bent is formed in the document conveyance path near the upstream side of the registration means. And

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that an elastic film capable of guiding the leading end of the conveyed document to the inlet of the resist means and elastically deforming according to the bending of the document is mounted in the space portion. To do.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, a first sensor that is turned on only when a document with a maximum width among documents that can be transported passes through a document transport path upstream of the space portion, and a document with a minimum width. A second sensor that is turned on when a larger document passes is disposed, and each conveyed document is determined by an on / off signal of the first sensor, an on / off signal of the second sensor, and an elapsed time from on to off. It is characterized in that the size of the can be determined.

  According to the present invention, the space where the transported document can be bent is formed in the document transport path in the vicinity of the upstream side of the registration unit. Can be accepted. Therefore, if a means for detecting the length of the conveyed document is provided on the upstream side of the space portion and the document is conveyed so as to be bent in the space portion, the length of the document conveyance path to the reading portion is substantially reduced. The size specification for each document can be determined before the reading unit without securing 1/2 or more of the maximum document length, and even if documents of different sizes are mixedly loaded on the document placement unit, each document can be accurately specified. Transport / reading control is performed.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of an automatic document feeder 1 in a facsimile machine, a copying machine, or a so-called multifunction machine having both functions of a facsimile machine and a copying machine.

  An automatic document feeder (ADF) 1 shown in the figure is configured as a document reading device for reading images on both sides of a sheet document D while conveying the documents D one by one and outputting them as digital signals. A document supply tray 2b is detachably attached to the document supply port 2a of the ADF 1 so that the document supply tray 2b is inclined downward toward the document supply port 2a. A document is placed by the document supply port 2a and the document supply tray 2b. Part 2 is configured. A pickup roller 3 is provided on the document supply port 2a to feed the document D deposited on the document supply tray 2b from the upper layer portion. The pickup roller 3 is used to separate the fed documents one by one. Document separating means 4 for feeding is provided. The document separating means 4 includes a separation roller 4a and a separation pad 4b urged so as to elastically contact the peripheral body of the separation roller 4a.

  The document fed out by the pickup roller 3 is introduced between the separation roller 4a and the separation pad 4b, and is separated one by one due to the difference in friction coefficient with respect to the two papers as the separation roller 4a rotates, and is fed downstream. Sent. The compression spring 4c is for elastically contacting the separation pad 4b with the peripheral body of the separation roller 4a. Needless to say, the document separating means 4 may be a combination of a separation roller and a retard roller instead of the separation roller 4a and the separation pad 4b.

  The originals separated one by one by the original separation means 4 are first transport rollers 6, registration rollers (registration means) 7 and second disposed sequentially along the original transport path 5 formed in a U-turn shape. The resist is transported by the transport roller 8 to the first reading point (reading unit) P1, and further fed to the second reading point P2 by the third transport roller 9, and discharged to the discharge tray 11 by the discharge roller 10. The A platen 12 is disposed at the first reading point P1, and when the document passes over the platen 12, the image information on the surface of the document is sequentially read by the reading and scanning device 13 waiting under the platen 12. As a digital signal.

  The reading scanning device 13 includes a light source 13a formed of a fluorescent lamp or a cold cathode tube, a plurality of mirrors 13b..., A condensing lens 13c, and a CCD (charge coupled device) 13d. It is mounted on 13e. Irradiation light from the light source 13a is reflected by the original passing through the reading point P1 on the platen 12, and then repeatedly reflected by the four mirrors 13b, is condensed by the condenser lens 13c, and enters the CCD 13d ( (Refer to the optical path of the dashed line) In the CCD 13d, image information drawn on the surface of the document is converted into an electric signal and output as a digital signal.

  The reading scanning device 13 in the figure is configured to be used also as a flat bed scanner (FBS). That is, although a part of the illustration is omitted, the FBS part 14 is coupled to the right side of the broken part in FIG. Although the carriage 13e is stationary at the reading position of the ADF document in the illustrated example, when the FBS document is read, the carriage 13e moves into the FBS unit 14 and reciprocates in the FBS unit 14 along the lower surface of the platen glass 15. The image information of the document placed on the platen glass 15 is read by the reading scanning device 13 in the same manner as described above. The document reading device 1, the document supply tray 2b, and the discharge tray 11 are integrated to form a platen cover, and can be opened and closed up and down with the back side of the paper surface as a hinge portion (not shown). Accordingly, when the FBS unit 14 reads a document, the platen cover is opened and the document is placed on the exposed platen glass 15.

  As described above, the original whose surface image has been read at the first reading point P1 is further conveyed by the third conveying roller 9 to the second reading point P2, and this second reading point P2 is The contact point between the contact image sensor 16 disposed on the back side of the transported document and the platen roller 17 disposed in contact therewith. In other words, the document introduced between the contact image sensor 16 and the platen roller 17 is fed while sliding the reading surface of the contact image sensor 16 by the rotation of the platen roller 17, and the back image of the document is in the meantime. The image is read by the contact image sensor 16 and converted into an electrical signal and output as a digital signal.

  The separation roller 4a, the first transport roller 6, the registration roller 7, the second and third transport rollers 8, 9, the platen roller 17 and the discharge roller 10 use a single motor (not shown) as a drive source, and a suitable gear. Alternatively, drive transmission is performed via transmission means (same as above) such as a belt, and on / off control is appropriately performed by an electromagnetic clutch (same as appropriate).

  The pickup roller 3 is configured to be driven and transmitted from the drive shaft 4d of the separation roller 4a. Briefly, a frame 3a is attached to the drive shaft 4d via a torque limiter (not shown) so as to be swingable up and down, and a support shaft 3b is supported on the front side of the frame 3a so as to be rotatable. ing. A belt 3d is stretched between a pulley 4e attached to the drive shaft 4d and a pulley 3c attached to the support shaft 3b, and the rotation of the drive shaft 4d passes through the pulley 4e, the belt 3d and the pulley 3c. The rotation of the support shaft 3b is transmitted to the pickup roller 3 via a one-way clutch (not shown).

  The pickup roller 3 configured as described above is positioned above the frame 3a in the standby state, and when the drive shaft 4d rotates in the forward direction (A direction), the frame 3a uses the drive shaft 4d as a fulcrum by the action of the torque limiter. Swings downward. This swinging stops when the pickup roller 3 is pressed against the uppermost layer portion of the document D deposited on the document supply tray 2, but the transmission system (the pulley 4e, the belt 3d) is driven by the subsequent rotation of the drive shaft 4d. And the pickup roller 3 rotates via the pulley 3c). In this way, while the drive shaft 4d is rotating forward, the pickup roller 3 rotates while being pressed against the uppermost layer portion of the stacked originals D, so that the original document D is sequentially fed out from the uppermost layer portion. When the drive shaft 4d is temporarily stopped and reversely rotated (counter A direction), the frame 3a swings upward by the action of the torque limiter, and is held stationary in a standby state by the subsequent stop of the drive shaft 4d.

  The separation roller 4a is driven and transmitted from the drive shaft 4d via a not-shown one-way clutch. Accordingly, the document D is fed out from the pickup roller 3 as described above by the forward rotation of the drive shaft 4d, and the fed document D is introduced between the separation roller 4a and the separation pad 4b, as described above. Separated and fed downstream. The document D fed from the separation roller 4 a is registered by the first transport roller 6 and transported further downstream, but the rollers 7, 8, 9, 17, 10 after the first transport roller 6 The peripheral speed is higher than the peripheral speeds of the separation roller 4 a and the pickup roller 3, and a document page interval is ensured between the separation roller 4 a and the first transport roller 6. Accordingly, when the leading edge of the document D fed from the separation roller 4a reaches the first transport roller 6, a transport load (tensile force) is applied to the document due to the difference in peripheral speed. However, the separation roller 4a and the pickup roller 3, a one-way clutch (not shown) is incorporated as described above, whereby both rollers 4a and 3 are idly rotated and the transport load is reduced.

  Pressure rollers 6a, 7a, 8a, 9a and 10a are respectively provided on the first conveying roller 6, the registration roller 7, the second and third conveying rollers 8 and 9, and the discharge roller 10, and the document is nipped on these rollers. Then transported. The separation roller 4a and the pickup roller 3 and pressure rollers 6a and 7a associated with the separation roller 4a are attached to the inside of a jam access cover 18 pivotally attached to the hinge pin 18a so as to be opened and closed vertically. Accordingly, when a document jam occurs in the document conveyance path 5 up to the second conveyance roller 8, the jam access cover 18 is opened so that the separation pad 4 b, the first conveyance roller 6, and the registration roller 7 are connected. Can be easily removed.

  The second conveying roller 8, the third conveying roller 9, the pressure rollers 8a, 9a, the platen roller 17 and the discharge roller 10 which are paired with the second conveying roller 8, the machine frame 19 forming the machine frame of the platen cover including the ADF 1, and the same. It is attached to a cylindrical intermediate inner guide frame 20 fixed to the frame. Further, the separation pad 4b, the contact image sensor 16 and the pressure roller 10a are attached to an intermediate frame 21 pivotally attached to the drive shaft 6b of the first transport roller 6 so that the drive shaft 6b can be opened and closed vertically. ing. When the jam occurs at the third conveyance roller 9 or later, if the intermediate frame 21 is opened after the jam access cover 18 is opened, the contact between the contact image sensor 16 and the platen roller 17, and the discharge roller 10 and the pressure roller 10a Since the nip relationship is released, the jammed document can be easily taken out at this portion.

  A guide wall portion on the jam access cover 18 side in the conveyance path 5 between the first conveyance roller 6 and the registration roller 7 is recessed, thereby forming a space portion 22 that allows the conveyance original to be bent. An elastic film that guides the leading end of the conveyed original document to the introduction portion of the registration roller 7 near the original introduction portion and elastically deforms following the movement of the original to be bent in the space 22. 23 is fixed so as to face the space 22.

  The document supply port 2a has a document presence / absence sensor 2c, first and second sensors 24 and 25 (see FIG. 2) between the separation roller 4a and the first transport roller 6, and the second transport roller 8 Reed sensors 26 are disposed in the vicinity of the upstream side. In the illustrated example, these sensors are shown as filler-type sensors. The first sensor 24 is in a position that is turned on only when a document with the maximum width among the documents that can be conveyed by the automatic document feeder 1, and the second sensor 25 is larger than the document with the minimum width. The main functions of both sensors 24 and 25 will be described later. The read sensor 26 detects the leading edge of the transported document, operates the second transport roller 8 (turns on the electromagnetic clutch), and controls to transport the document to the reading point P1, and also reads the scanning device 13 (double-sided scanning). In the mode, a signal for controlling the operation of the contact image sensor 16 in synchronism with the feeding of the original is derived.

  The first sensor 24 and the second sensor 25 constitute a conveyance document size detection means. The document size detecting means will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between the size of the conveyed document and the first and second sensors 24 and 25, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between detection information of both sensors and the document size. In FIG. 2, when the document transport direction is B, an example is shown in which each document is aligned on the right side in the document transport direction B, but center alignment or left side alignment is not excluded. 2 and 3, (T) means vertical placement along the document conveyance direction B, and (Y) means horizontal placement perpendicular to the document feeding direction B. The first sensor 24 is provided at a position that is turned on only when a document with the maximum width passes, and the second sensor 25 is provided at a position that is turned on when a document larger than the document with the minimum width passes. In this embodiment, the maximum document size is A3 (T) and the minimum document size is A5 (T). Therefore, the first sensor 24 is located outside A4 (T) and outside the B4 (T). The sensors 25 are respectively arranged outside A5 (T) and inside B5 (T).

The document leading edge detection (ON) signal and the trailing edge detection (OFF) signal detected by the second sensor 25 are led to a main control unit (CPU) 27 described later. The main control unit 27 measures the elapsed time between the on / off signals and calculates the length L of each document conveyed from the peripheral speed of the first conveying roller 6. That is, the second sensor 25 is transported at the peripheral speed of the separation roller 4a from the time when the second sensor 25 is turned on to the first transport roller 6, and is transported at the peripheral speed after being introduced into the first transport roller 6. Therefore, the length L is
Formula, L = [time between ON and OFF of the second sensor 25−time from when the front end of the document reaches the first transport roller 6 after the second sensor 25 is turned on (preset)] × first transport The peripheral speed of the roller 6 (same as above) + the peripheral speed of the separation roller 4a (same as above) × the time from when the second sensor 25 is turned on to the first transport roller 6 (same as above),
Is calculated by

  Based on the on / off signals of the first sensor 24 and the second sensor 25 and the calculation information of the document length L, the document size is determined as shown in FIG. That is, when the first sensor 24 is on, as shown in FIG. 2, the document size is limited to A3 (T) or A4 (Y). Therefore, the length L based on the detection information of the second sensor 25 is If it is larger than 210 mm, it is determined as A3 (T), and if it is equal to or smaller than 210 mm, it is determined as A4 (Y). In addition, when the first sensor 24 is off and the second sensor 25 is off, it is determined that A5 (T) or less. Further, when the first sensor 24 is off and the second sensor 25 is on, the size is any one of A5 (Y), B5 (T), B5 (Y), A4 (T), and B4 (T). . Therefore, in this case, if the length L based on the detection information of the second sensor 25 is greater than 297 mm, it is determined as B4 (T), and if it is greater than 257 mm and equal to or smaller than 297 mm, it is determined as A4 (T). If it is greater than 210 mm and equal to or less than 257 mm, it is determined as B5 (T), if it is greater than 148 mm and equal to or less than 182 mm, it is determined as B5 (Y), and if it is less than or equal to 148 mm, it is determined as A5 (Y).

  In this way, since the sizes of the originals to be conveyed are individually determined, even if the originals D of different sizes are mixedly loaded on the original supply tray 2b, the conveyance / reading control is performed for each original, and in particular, enlargement / reduction or Double-sided scanning control and the like are also possible, and the options for scanning modes when mixed loading are widened. In addition, since two sensors are used, the number of sensors can be reduced, which greatly contributes to cost reduction.

  Next, document conveyance and reading operations in the automatic document feeder 1 having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to the control system block diagram of FIG. FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a control system taking a facsimile apparatus having a copying function or a printer function as an example. The main control unit 27 is composed of a CPU and controls operation of all functions as a facsimile apparatus. The NCU 28 and the modem 29 are connected to an external facsimile machine and function to modulate and demodulate various transmission signals accompanying transmission and reception via this communication line. The image memory 30 temporarily stores image data read by the reading unit (reading unit) 31 including the reading scanning device 13 or the contact image sensor 16 or received image data. In addition, the RAM 32 stores all data related to the one-touch dial number and other various functions. The ROM 33 stores various operation programs for the facsimile apparatus.

  The display unit 34 is composed of a liquid crystal panel or the like, and is for visually informing the operator of various information such as operation procedures and error displays. The operation unit 35 includes various operation means operated by an operator such as a mixed mode setting means in addition to a numeric keypad (not shown) and various function keys (including a single-sided / double-sided reading mode setting key). The recording unit 36 prints out image data read by the reading unit 31, image data received via the NCU 28, and image data received from an external terminal such as a personal computer. A known recording means such as a method or an ink jet method is employed. The registration roller 7 is driven and transmitted from a motor (not shown), and is driven and controlled by an electromagnetic clutch or the like along with the conveyance of the document as will be described later. Other conveyance systems are also individually driven and controlled. Needless to say. The first sensor 24 and the second sensor 25 lead the detection signal accompanying the document conveyance to the main control unit 27.

  In FIG. 1, the operator sets the document bundle D on the document supply tray 2b in the order of pages facing upward. When documents D of different sizes are mixedly loaded, the mixed loading mode setting means is operated by the operator. As described above, the operation of the mixed loading mode setting means is performed by the operator, and the setting operation of the selection key for the single-sided / double-sided reading mode, the image quality setting key, and other function keys (in the case of facsimile transmission, the destination number is set). When an operation switch (not shown) is turned on after input and various transmission mode settings are made), the pickup roller 3 is lowered and placed on the upper surface of the document bundle D placed on the document supply tray 2b. While pressing, the pickup roller 3, the separation roller 4a and the first conveying roller 6 start to rotate. Along with this, the uppermost document D is fed out, and one document D is fed into the apparatus in a state in which double feeding is prevented by the action of the separation roller 4a and the separation pad 4b. The first sensor 24 or the second sensor 25 is turned on according to the width size of the document D, and this detection signal is derived to the main control unit 27.

  The document D fed into the apparatus is continuously transported by the first transport roller 6 and the leading end thereof is introduced into the register row 7 as indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. In this case, since the elastic film 23 is fixed to the guide wall portion near the document introduction portion of the registration roller 7 so as to face the space portion 22, the leading edge of the document D may be warped slightly upward. It is guided by the elastic film 23 and is reliably introduced between the registration roller 7 and the pressure row 7 a without entering the space 22. Then, the registration roller 7 is maintained in a stopped state, and the feeding of the leading end portion is blocked, so that the original D is subjected to the conveying action of the first conveying roller 6 as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. In the space part 22, it will bend in a mountain shape. At this time, as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1, the elastic film 23 is also elastically deformed following the movement of the document D to be bent in the space portion 22 to allow the document D to bend.

  The main control unit 27 starts the operation of the conveyance system after the registration rollers 7 after the time required for the document D to be sufficiently bent in the space 22 (preset) elapses. When the enlargement / reduction mode is selected, the peripheral speed of the transport system after the second transport roller 8 is appropriately set according to these modes. This enables enlargement / reduction reading with excellent image quality. Then, with the start of the operation of the conveyance system after the registration roller 7, the document D is registered from the leading edge by the registration roller 7, the read sensor 26 is turned on, and the second conveyance roller 8 introduces it to the first reading point P 1. Is done. In response to the ON signal of the read sensor 26, the reading scanning device 13 (also the contact image sensor 16 in the double-sided reading mode) enters the starting position, and the image of the first surface (front surface) of the document D that reaches the first reading point P1. Are sequentially read by the reading scanning device 13.

  The document D is continuously conveyed by the third conveyance roller 9 and introduced to the second reading point P2. In the double-sided reading mode, the image on the second surface (back surface) is read by the contact image sensor 16. After that, the discharge roller 10 discharges the discharge tray 11 so that the first surface faces downward. Similarly, the next original D is conveyed and read, and is discharged and accumulated on the discharge tray 11. In this way, each document D is discharged onto the discharge tray 11 so that the first surface of the document D faces downward. Therefore, each document D is accumulated in page order, and it is not necessary to perform subsequent page alignment. Become.

  As described above, the document D fed into the apparatus is continuously fed by the first conveyance roller 6, but the front side portion is until the operation of the conveyance system after the registration roller 7 starts. Is bent in the space 22, the trailing edge of the document is detected (off) by the second sensor 25, and the length L is calculated and determined in the above manner in the conveyance path 5 at the leading edge. The conveyance path length at is substantially shorter than this L. Therefore, it is not necessary to secure the distance from the second sensor 25 to the lead sensor 26 to more than 1/2 of the maximum document length, and the apparatus can be made compact.

  As described above, since the size of the document D is determined before the leading edge of the document D reaches the lead sensor 26, even when documents of different sizes are mixedly loaded on the document supply tray 2b, the reading control for each document D is performed accurately. The Further, since the space can be reduced simply by securing the space 22 in the document conveyance path 5, it can be implemented without requiring a significant change in design and without increasing costs. It is.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which filler-type sensors are employed as the document presence / absence sensor 2c, the first and second sensors 24 and 25, and the lead sensor 26 has been described. It is also possible to employ a sensor that provides the following. Moreover, although the example for double-sided reading was shown as ADF1, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention can be applied also to ADF of single-sided reading.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the principal part of ADF and a scanning device. FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view for explaining an aspect of detection by a document size detection unit. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the detection information of a 1st and 2nd sensor, and a document size. It is a control block diagram of this invention apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

1 ADF (Automatic Document Feeder)
2 Document Placement Section 5 Document Transport Path 7 Registration Roller (Registration Unit)
22 Space part 23 Elastic film 24 1st sensor 25 2nd sensor 31 Reading part (reading means)
D Manuscript

Claims (3)

An automatic document feeder that feeds documents one by one from a document placement section and conveys the images along a document conveyance path by a reading means disposed in the middle of the document conveyance path,
An automatic printing apparatus characterized in that a registration unit is disposed upstream of the reading unit in the document conveyance path, and a space portion in which the conveyance document can be bent is formed in a conveyance path near the upstream side of the registration unit. Document feeder.   2. The elastic film capable of guiding the leading edge of the conveyed document to the introduction port of the registration means and elastically deforming according to the bending of the document is mounted in the space portion. Automatic document feeder.   A first sensor that is turned on only when a document with the maximum width among the documents that can be conveyed passes through the document conveyance path on the upstream side of the space, and is turned on when a document larger than the document with the minimum width passes. The second sensor is arranged so that the size of each conveyed document can be determined based on the ON / OFF signal of the first sensor, the ON / OFF signal of the second sensor, and the elapsed time from the ON to the OFF. The automatic document feeder according to claim 1, wherein the automatic document feeder is provided.

Images