JP2005114927A - Automatic music player, automatic music playing program, automatic music playing data and recording medium having the data recorded thereon - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To properly reproduce a musical performance which requires delicate time management such as trill rendition regardless of a set playing tempo. <P>SOLUTION: Playing data supplied from a playing data supplying means includes event data which instructs a playing event and time management information which manages time when the playing event is to be performed. The time management information corresponding to part of the event data consists of time management information of a first kind which is described in an absolute time unit which does not follow the playing tempo, and the time management information corresponding to other event data than the above event data consists of time management information of a second kind which is described in a relative time management information which follows the playing tempo. In a reproduction time deciding means, the reproduction time of the event data which corresponds to the time management information of the second kind is decided on the basis of the corresponding time management information and the playing tempo. On the other hand, the reproduction time of the event data corresponding to the time management information of the first kind is decided according to the corresponding time management information without following the playing tempo. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an automatic performance apparatus having a function of executing automatic performance based on automatic performance data according to an arbitrary performance tempo set by an operator, a computer program for controlling the automatic performance apparatus, automatic performance data, and the data The present invention relates to a recording medium that records

In an automatic performance apparatus such as an electronic musical instrument or a sequencer having a function of performing automatic performance (automatic accompaniment, auto play), which is conventionally known, automatic performance data for performing automatic performance represents the performance content to be executed. It includes performance information (performance event) and time information indicating the generation timing of the information. The time information of the automatic performance data is generally expressed by a relative time system that follows the performance tempo, specifically, a time unit obtained by dividing a predetermined note length called “clock” by a predetermined number. “Clock” is set, for example, to 1 / 480th of a quarter note or 1 / 96th of a quarter note, so that, for example, the length of one beat of a quarter note is set to a predetermined number of clocks. In this case, the “clock” is transmitted according to the performance tempo, so that the music (automatic performance data) is reproduced in accordance with the timing of the clock. The relationship between the performance tempo and the clock in an automatic performance function such as an electronic musical instrument or a sequencer is described, for example, in Patent Document 1 below.
JP 05-080765 A

  In the time management based on the relative time method, each automatic performance data is expanded or contracted in accordance with the set performance tempo so that the time position on the real time axis of the data read timing is reduced. Playback time) is also variable (expanded) following the performance tempo. For example, when automatic performance data created with the intention of reproducing at a certain tempo t is reproduced at a tempo 2t that is twice as fast as the tempo t, the data is read out at twice the speed. The playback duration is shortened by a factor of two compared to playback at tempo t.

  However, in the performance illustrated below, when the substantial playback time is expanded and contracted as described above, the played performance sound may become unnatural. That is, they are, for example, (1) percussion instruments and attenuation music instrument roll performance. (2) Volume change, sound length, interval, etc. in tremolo performance. (3) The pitch change or note-on cycle of the trill playing style. (4) The time lag of each string in strokes such as guitar. (5) The length of a sound such as a stuttering sound or a noise sound that cannot be heard well unless an absolute time longer than a certain length is secured. These performances may be subtle because, for example, if the playback time expands or contracts, a staggered sound that is unnaturally fast or conversely slow, or a staccato sound that is too short to be heard can be reproduced. Time management is required. That is, if the automatic performance data that requires such delicate time management is managed by the relative time method, there is a possibility that the above-described inconvenience may occur.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points.For example, automatic performance data related to performances that require delicate time management, such as trill performance and roll performance of percussion instruments, is set regardless of the performance tempo setting speed. The purpose is to ensure proper playback.

  The automatic performance device according to the present invention is performance data comprising a sequence of data including event data for instructing a performance event and time management information for managing a time at which the event data is to be executed. The time management information corresponding to a part of the time information includes first type time management information described in absolute time units that do not follow the performance tempo, and the other time management information corresponding to the event data is the performance information. Performance data supply means for supplying the second type of time management information described in relative time units following the tempo, and for determining the playback time for executing the corresponding event data based on the time management information The reproduction time of the event data corresponding to the second type of time management information includes the corresponding time management information and the performance template. On the other hand, the reproduction time of the event data corresponding to the first type of time management information includes reproduction time determination means for determining according to the corresponding time management information without following the performance tempo. Is.

  According to this, the automatic performance data is composed of a sequence of data including event data instructing a performance event and time management information for managing the time at which the event data is to be executed. The time management information corresponding to a part includes the first type time management information described in absolute time units that do not follow the performance tempo, and the time management information corresponding to the other event data follows the performance tempo. It consists of the second type time management information described in relative time units. The reproduction time determining means for determining the reproduction time for executing the corresponding event data based on the time management information includes the reproduction time of the event data corresponding to the second type time management information, On the other hand, the reproduction time of the event data corresponding to the first type time management information is determined according to the corresponding time management information without following the performance tempo. Therefore, the event data corresponding to the first type time management information is read (reproduced) according to the absolute time regardless of the performance tempo set in the apparatus. For example, by managing performance events related to performances that require delicate time management, such as trill performance and roll performance of percussion instruments, in time units of absolute time, these performance events can be appropriately managed at any performance tempo. It can be played.

  An automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This automatic performance apparatus can be implemented as an electronic musical apparatus of an appropriate form such as an electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function, a sequencer, or a personal computer.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration example of the automatic performance device according to this embodiment. In FIG. 1, a ROM 2, a RAM 3, an external storage device 4, a MIDI interface (MIDI I / F) 5, a communication interface (communication I / F) 6, a performance operator detection circuit 7, a setting operator detection circuit. 8, a display control circuit 9, a sound source circuit 10, and an effect circuit 11 are connected via a data and address bus 1B. The CPU 1 executes various programs in the memory such as the ROM 2 or the RAM 3 to control the overall operation of the automatic performance apparatus and to perform automatic performance processing based on automatic performance data to be reproduced. The CPU 1 is connected to a timer 12 that measures the interrupt time and various times in the timer interrupt process. In this embodiment, the timer 12 is used for measuring an absolute time (real time unit), which will be described later, and generating a tempo clock pulse for setting a performance tempo. In this embodiment, this tempo clock is used as a “clock” that is a unit of measurement of the relative time (time in beat units) described above.

In the automatic performance device, one or more pieces of music data (automatic performance data) are stored in a memory such as the ROM 2, the RAM 3, or the external storage device 4. In the following description, the automatic performance data is normal song data related to a certain piece of music, but is not limited to this. For example, any type of performance data such as accompaniment style data (automatic accompaniment data), arpeggio pattern data, etc. It doesn't matter. According to the present invention, performance events that require delicate time management, such as tremolo performance and percussion instrument roll performance, included in automatic performance data, can be naturally reproduced at any performance tempo. Will become clear from the following.
As the external storage device 4, a hard disk, flexible disk or floppy (registered trademark) disk, compact disk (CD-ROM, CD-RAM), magneto-optical disk (MO), ZIP disk, DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), semiconductor memory For example, an appropriate removable external storage medium may be used.

  When the automatic performance processing based on the automatic performance data is performed by the CPU 1, performance data instructing a musical sound to be reproduced is given to the tone generator circuit 10 via the bus 1B. The tone generator circuit 10 can generate a musical tone signal based on the given performance data. The generated musical tone signal is appropriately given an effect by the effect circuit 11, and after analog / digital conversion, a sound system including an amplifier and a speaker. 13 is pronounced. The tone generator circuit 10 may be configured using dedicated hardware, may be configured by software processing by the CPU 1, or may be configured by microprogram processing by a DSP. Furthermore, you may comprise by these combinations. As the sound source method, any conventionally known method such as a waveform memory reading method or an FM method may be used.

  The performance operator detection circuit 7 is connected to a performance operator 14 for an operator such as a keyboard to input a performance, and is switched on / off according to the key pressing / release operation of each performance operator 14. Is detected. The detected operation state of the performance operator 14 is supplied to the CPU 1 via the bus 1B. Various setting operators 15 are connected to the operator detection circuit 8, and the operator appropriately operates the setting operators 15 to set various parameters such as a performance tempo setting for automatic performance, and automatic performance. Playback instructions and the like. Further, a display 16 is connected to the display control circuit 9, and the display 16 can display, for example, the performance tempo and tone color setting status, the performance song name, and the like.

  The MIDI interface (MIDI I / F) 5 inputs / outputs MIDI standard data to / from the outside, and is connected to an external MIDI device 17 through the MIDI interface data. The automatic performance apparatus can also take in automatic performance data to be reproduced from an external MIDI device 17 via the MIDI interface 5. The MIDI I / F 5 is not limited to a dedicated MIDI interface, and a MIDI interface is configured by using a general-purpose interface such as RS-232C, USB (Universal Serial Bus) or IEEE 1394 (Eye Triple E 1394). Also good. In that case, data other than the MIDI message can be simultaneously transmitted and received through the interface.

  Via a communication interface (communication I / F) 6, it is connected to a communication network 18 such as the Internet, a LAN, or a telephone line, and various programs and various contents are transmitted / received to / from an appropriate server computer 19 on the communication network 18. Can be done. The automatic performance data reproduced by the automatic performance device or various computer programs executed by the CPU 1 can be downloaded from the server computer 19 via the communication I / F 6. Note that the communication I / F 6 and the communication network 18 are not limited to wired ones but may be wireless, or may include both.

  In the automatic performance device, any automatic performance data is read into the RAM 3 according to the operator's selection from the ROM 2, RAM 3 or the external storage device 4 in which one or a plurality of automatic performance data is stored. Automatic performance processing based on performance data is performed. In the automatic performance function, music (automatic performance data) is reproduced according to a tempo arbitrarily set by the operator. A detailed example of such tempo setting / control is detailed in, for example, the above-mentioned Patent Document 1.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram conceptually showing an example of the data format of the automatic performance data according to this embodiment. The automatic performance data is data for reproducing (automatic performance) the entire music of a certain music piece. In FIG. 2A, the automatic performance data is composed of a sequence of a plurality of event data 20 representing various performance events such as note-on, note-off, and pitch bend, and ends with end data 21. It should be noted that the automatic performance data may be stored in a continuous area of time series event data on a memory such as the ROM 2, RAM 3 or external storage device 4, or may be scattered in a discrete storage area. The event data may be managed as event data continuous in time series. That is, each event data only needs to be managed as being continuous in time series, and it does not matter whether the event data is continuously stored in the memory.

  FIG. 2B shows a configuration example of the event data 20. The event data 20 is roughly divided into event information 30 representing the contents of the event and time information (time management information) 40. The event information 30 includes “event type” information 31 representing the contents of the event (for example, note on / off, pitch bend, etc.) and “event value” information representing various parameters such as pitches to be pronounced in the event. 32. In the automatic performance data according to the present invention, each event data 20 has a different time management method depending on the “event type”. Specifically, of the event data 20, some data such as performance events that require delicate time management (for example, trill performance, percussion instrument roll performance, pitch bend, etc.) are managed in absolute time. Data is managed in relative time. Whether the event data is managed in the relative time unit / absolute time is defined by time information 40 described below.

  The time information 40 includes “music score timing” information 41 related to time management (“second type time management information” described in the claims) in relative time units following the performance tempo, and follows the performance tempo. "Reference timing" information 42, "absolute time" information 43, "limit timing" information 44 related to time management in absolute time units ("first type time management information" described in claims), and “Repetition” information 45 is included.

  The score timing information 41 measures the time position of the timing at which the event should occur in the score of the performance piece (the entire automatic performance data) for the event data 20 managed in relative time, and measures the clock (tempo clock). Data expressed in relative time information as a unit. In this clock, for example, one quarter of a quarter note corresponds to one clock, and depending on the number of clocks, for example, the number of beats of a quarter note or the number of measures, etc. The time position in the song can be expressed. The event data 20 managed by the relative time information follows the set performance tempo, and the time position on the real time axis from which the data is read is variable (stretched). In this embodiment, for the event data 20 to be managed in absolute time, the score timing information 41 is “invalid”.

  The reference timing information 42 is the relative time / time information similar to the score timing information 41 (that is, the beat time) that is the time reference position of the absolute time information 43 described below for the event data 20 managed in absolute time. Data expressed in units. In this embodiment, the reference timing information 42 is “invalid” for the event data 20 to be managed in relative time.

  The absolute time information 43 represents the generation timing of the event data in the event data 20 managed by the absolute time by the actual time measured with reference to the position represented by the above-described reference timing information 42, for example, milliseconds. It is described in units of (ms). Therefore, in the event occurrence timing indicated by the absolute time information 43, the position on the time axis as viewed from the reference position does not expand or contract depending on the performance tempo. Therefore, in the event data 20 managed by the absolute time information, the data is read according to the absolute time measured from the reference position regardless of the performance tempo, so that the substantial time required to reproduce the event becomes the performance tempo. Regardless, it is not stretched. Therefore, information that requires delicate time management such as trill can be reproduced in a desired state regardless of the performance tempo. In this embodiment, the absolute time information 43 is “invalid” for the event data 20 to be managed in relative time.

  The limit timing information 44 is information set in the event data 20 managed in absolute time, and is managed in relative time that is located behind the timing at which the event must be reproduced at a minimum. This data is defined by the relationship with the event data, and is described by relative time information. When the performance tempo setting speed is increased, the event data managed by the relative time to be reproduced later in time than the event data originally managed by the absolute time is first (the relevant Before the event data managed in absolute time is played back), the playback order may be reversed. The limit timing information 44 is set to avoid such inconvenience.

  The repetition information 45 is information set in the event data 20 managed in absolute time, and the event data 20 in which the repetition information 45 is set reaches the restriction position defined by the restriction timing information 44. The data is repeatedly reproduced until The repetitive information 45 sets a status for determining the order during repetitive performance, such as a repetitive head portion, a repetitive middle portion, a repetitive end portion, or a repetitive head / end portion, with respect to the corresponding event data 20. A plurality of event data to be repeated can be repeatedly reproduced in a predetermined order. The repetition information 45 is applied to a description of a performance that repeats a certain performance pattern, such as a tremolo performance or a trill performance. By making the repetitive playback time flexible by the repetitive information 45, it is possible to freely adapt to the expansion and contraction of the repetitive playback time frame according to the performance tempo, and only prepare event data necessary for one order of the performance pattern to be repeated. This has the advantage of reducing the amount of data.

  A specific reproduction example of event data having the data format shown in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a reproduction image of a musical sound to which a toll effect is given. A band-shaped frame 50 shown in (a) represents the reproduction of the musical sound. In the figure, the left end of the frame 50 indicates note-on (sounding start) and the right end indicates note-off (sounding end). A polygonal line 51 in the frame 50 represents a continuous vertical change (Trill effect) due to a pitch bend event. The length of the frame 50 in the left-right direction represents a musical sound reproduction time (absolute time), and (a) corresponds to the reproduction time when reproduction is performed at a certain tempo X. When this is played back at twice the performance tempo, in the conventional relative time management method, if the playback time is reduced by half as shown in (b), the pitch is increased by the trill shown by the broken line 51. The period in which the signal rises and falls is also reduced by a factor of 2 and an unnaturally fast trill sound is produced. However, according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. However, the pitch of the pitch of the trill indicated by the broken line 51 is the same as that of the tempo X, and a natural trill tone is generated. A specific setting example of automatic performance data for realizing this is shown in FIG.

  FIG. 4B shows a sequence of event data and a setting example of each data for reproducing the trill performance as shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 4A shows a read image of the event data on the time axis t. Show. As shown in FIG. 4, the event data 60 in which “note on” is set as the event type information 31 includes pitch data (pitch name “C4” in this case), other parameters (event value information 32), Velocity data etc. are set. Since this event is data managed in relative time, the occurrence timing of the note-on event (indicated by “M measure, N beat, O clock (clk)” in the figure) is set as the score timing information 41. The time management information (reference numerals 42 to 45) in absolute time units is all invalid. The event data 61 to 64 (in the figure, the numbers “1 to 4” are sequentially given from the event that precedes in time) are data indicating “pitch bend” as the event type. As described above, the trill playing method requires delicate time management (the above-mentioned inconvenience occurs when the reproduction time expands and contracts), and thus the pitch bend event data 61 to 64 are managed in absolute time. Accordingly, in each of the data 61 to 64, the score timing information 41 is invalid, and the relative time position (“M measure, N beat, Oclk” of the previous “note-on” event 60 is used as the reference timing information 42 of the event. )) Is set, and the absolute time information 43 indicating the occurrence timing of each event is the actual time (for convenience in the drawing, “M measure, N beat, Oclk”) measured from the reference timing information 42 (“M measure, N beat, Oclk”). a ”to“ d ”ms, respectively).

  In each of the pitch bend events 61 to 64, the limit timing information 44 described in relative time is set. The pitch bend events 61 to 64 are repeatedly reproduced in the section indicated by the symbol R in FIG. In the pitch bend events 61 to 64, the repetitive information 45 determines the reproduction order during the repetitive performance, ie, the repetitive head portion, the repetitive middle portion, and the repetitive end portion. The degree of high change is described in cents. It should be noted that data indicating pitch bend = 0 cent is automatically inserted at the end of the pitch bend repeated playback section (position where the limit timing is reached). The event data 65 instructing “note off” is data managed in relative time. As the score timing information 41, the occurrence timing of the note off event is relative time information (“M measure, N beat, Pclk” in the figure). Is set), and information on absolute time (reference numerals 42 to 45) is all invalid.

  Next, an example of the event data reading process shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This flow represents a process of looping between the “A” portions shown in the figure from the start (start of song) to the end (end of song) of the automatic performance data, and the time management process shown in FIG. This is executed in parallel with the reproduction of automatic performance data (automatic performance processing). In step S1, event data of automatic performance data (see FIG. 2) is sequentially read out in a time-series order. That is, in the first process, the event at the beginning of the song is read out, and subsequent events are read out sequentially after the next process. In step S2, it is determined whether or not the read event is an event managed in absolute time, for example, depending on whether the score timing information 41 is valid or invalid. If the event is managed in relative time (no in step S2), the event should be generated in step S3 based on the score timing information 43 of the event and the performance tempo currently set in the automatic performance device. By determining the timing (reproduction time) based on the time information of the actual time (absolute time) of how many ms from the beginning of the song, the reproduction timing of the event managed in the relative time is converted into a representation in real time. As a result, it is possible to reproduce automatic performance data in which events managed in relative time and events managed in absolute time coexist on an absolute time basis. In step S4, the reproduction time determined in step S2 and the event data are stored in a predetermined buffer area “queue” in an appropriate memory (for example, RAM 3). In step S6, the free area of the queue is set. If there is a vacancy (Yes in step S6), the process returns to step S1. If the read event is end data (see FIG. 2), this is an event managed by relative time, and thus the event read processing is terminated after the processing of steps S3 and S4. (Yes in step S5).

  If the event data read in step S2 is an event managed in absolute time (yes in step S2), in step S7, based on the reference timing information 42 of the event and the currently set performance tempo, The time position represented by the reference timing information of the event is converted into real time, and the time obtained by measuring the absolute time set in the absolute time information 43 of the event from the position of the reference timing represented by the real time, It is determined as the timing (reproduction time) at which the event data should be reproduced. This reproduction time is also time information expressed in real time. In step S8, based on the restriction timing information 44 of the event and the currently set performance tempo, the restriction position represented by the restriction timing information of the event is converted to real time, thereby reproducing the event. (Time limit) is determined.

  In step S9, the reproduction time determined in steps S7 and S8 is compared with the limited time. If the limited time is earlier than the reproduction time (reproduction time> limited time), the limited time is determined in step S10. Is set as the playback time of the event. The time position of the reproduction time determined in step S7 (position viewed from the reference timing) does not change depending on the performance tempo, but the time position of the time limit determined in step S8 (position viewed from the reference timing) depends on the performance tempo. It is variable. The time limit is information that defines the playback end time of the event so that the playback timing of the event managed in the subsequent relative time does not come before the event managed in absolute time finishes playing. If the time limit precedes the playback time, the time limit must be set as the playback time of the event in order to prevent reversal of the event playback order. If the time limit is after the playback time, the playback time determined in step S7 may be set as the playback time of the event.

In step S11, the determined reproduction time and the event data are stored in the buffer area “queue”. Furthermore, if the status “repetition head” of the repetition information 45 is set in the event data (step S121), an iterative process as described later with reference to FIG. 7 is performed (step S13). This iterative process is executed in order to determine the playback time by collecting up to the event at the end of the iteration for the event to be repeated.
After the reproduction time and event data are stored in the buffer area “queue”, an empty area of the queue is confirmed in step S6. While the queue is empty, the above process is repeated, and the event data and its reproduction time are stored in the queue. The event data stored in the buffer area “queue” waits for a playback opportunity to come by executing the time management process of FIG.

  If there is no more free space in the buffer area “queue”, step S6 is branched to “no”, and the continuation of the event reading process is temporarily stopped to wait for the free space to be created in the queue (that is, in the queue). Wait for the event to play).

  The time management process shown in FIG. 6 is started every predetermined time (for example, 1 ms), and every time the process starts, data playback for measuring the playback opportunity of events stored in the queue is performed. The timer (reproduction time) is updated, and the elapsed time from the start of automatic performance is measured in real time (absolute time). Then, event data stored in the predetermined buffer area “queue” are sequentially reproduced from the event data that has reached the reproduction time counted by the timer. As a result, the event data group stored in the queue can be played back on an absolute time basis (that is, in milliseconds) according to a time-series order.

  An example of the iterative process in step S13 in FIG. 5 will be described with reference to the flow in FIG. In step S20, all event data to be repeated, that is, all necessary event data up to the “repetition end” are read out, and the reproduction time of each event data to be repeated is processed in the same manner as in step S6 in FIG. Each event data and their reproduction time are stored in a queue. In step S21, if the reproduction time of the “repetition end” event data precedes the restriction time based on the restriction timing (reproduction time <restriction time), the process proceeds to step S22. Note that, as illustrated in FIG. 4B, the same time limit information 44 is set for each event data to be repeated, and therefore the time limit for these event data is the same time. In step S22, the reproduction time of the event data at the “repetition end” is set as a reference timing for the next repetition reproduction, and the reproduction time of each event data to be repeated is determined again based on this reference timing. And store it in the queue. Thereafter, the processing of step S21 and step S22 is repeated, and the event data and the reproduction time are stored in the queue so that the event data can be repeatedly reproduced as much as possible. Each time the event data to be repeated and their reproduction times are stored in the queue, it is checked whether or not there is a free area remaining in the queue. If there is no free area, the process does not return to step S21, but is free in the queue. We will wait until we can. In this way, when the reproduction time of the event data at the end of the repetition at the end of the repetition reproduction exceeds the time limit, the repetition processing is exited. Thereby, it is possible to freely cope with a time frame that can be repeatedly played back and forth according to the performance tempo.

  In the above example, the repeated end timing of an event that is repeatedly played is defined by the limit timing. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and further includes data for setting the repeat end timing separately from the limited timing. Thus, it may be possible to define the end timing of the iteration based on this. In addition, the repetition information 45 exemplifies information that can identify the order of repeated reproduction by having a plurality of types of statuses such as the beginning of the repetition, the middle of the repetition, and the end of the repetition, but is not limited thereto. It is also possible to identify the beginning, middle, and end of the iteration depending on which time position among the repeated events managed continuously in time series without being included.

  In the example of the automatic performance data reading process illustrated in FIG. 5, the event data is sequentially read during the reproduction of the automatic performance data (while the time management process is activated every predetermined time), and the reproduction timing of the read event data is reproduced. The example of determining (playback time) is shown (steps S3 and S7). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and all playback timings of the event data of one song are not limited to this before executing the playback processing of automatic performance data. It may be determined and stored in advance and only read out at the time of data reproduction.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example has been shown in which the reproduction timing is managed in absolute time (in milliseconds) as a whole by converting the relative time management event into absolute time for the reproduction of the automatic performance data. On the contrary, the absolute time management event may be converted into the relative time, and the reproduction timing may be managed in the relative time as a whole.

  In the data format of the automatic performance data illustrated in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 described above, all event data has both information related to time management in relative time and information related to time management in absolute time. Although the time management method is distinguished depending on whether they are valid or invalid, the data format is not limited to the above. For example, for each event data, information for identifying whether absolute time management or relative time management is given. For absolute time management events, only information related to absolute time management is provided. May have only information related to time management of relative time.

  It should be noted that automatic performance data in which relative time management and absolute time management are mixed as described above are all converted into automatic performance data (for example, SMF) of relative time management, and automatic performance managed simply by the relative time method. It may be made available as data. In this case, an arbitrary tempo is set when data is converted, and the set tempo is embedded as a recommended tempo in the converted automatic performance data for relative time management. Desirable for.

  In the above-described embodiments, the present invention is implemented as an apparatus invention and applied to an automatic performance apparatus. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and has an automatic performance apparatus and other automatic performance functions. The present invention can be configured and implemented as a computer program for controlling an electronic music apparatus (including an electronic musical instrument and a personal computer).

1 is a hardware configuration block diagram of an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows the structural example of the data format of the automatic performance data based on the Example. 2A and 2B are diagrams illustrating an example of a reproduction image of automatic performance data according to the embodiment, in which FIG. 1A is a reproduction at a certain tempo X, and FIG. 2B is a reproduction image in which the tempo is doubled. (C) is a reproduction image by the time management method according to the present invention in which the tempo is doubled. FIG. 4 is a specific setting example of performance data for realizing data reproduction in FIG. 3. FIG. The flow which shows an example of the event read-out process of the automatic performance apparatus which concerns on the same Example. The flow which shows an example of the time management process which concerns on the Example. The flow which shows an example of the event repetition process which concerns on the Example.

Explanation of symbols

1 CPU, 2 ROM, 3 RAM, 4 external storage device, 5 MIDI interface (MIDI I / F), 6 communication interface (communication I / F), 7 detection operator detection circuit, 8 setting operation detector detection circuit, 9 Display Circuit, 10 Sound Source Circuit, 11 Effect Circuit, 12 Timer, 13 Sound System, 20 Event Data, End Data, 30 Event Information, 40 Time Information (Time Management Information), 41 Score Timing Information (Relative Time Information), 42 Reference timing information, 43 Absolute time information, 44 Limit timing information, 45 Repetition information



1

Claims (6)

Performance data comprising a sequence of data including event data indicating a performance event and time management information for managing a time at which the event data is to be executed, the data corresponding to a part of the event data The time management information includes the first type of time management information described in absolute time units that do not follow the performance tempo, and the other time management information corresponding to the event data is described in relative time units that follow the performance tempo. Performance data supply means for supplying the second type of time management information,
The reproduction time for executing the corresponding event data is determined based on the time management information, and the reproduction time of the event data corresponding to the second type of time management information includes the corresponding time management information and the performance. On the other hand, reproduction time determination means for determining the reproduction time of the event data corresponding to the first type time management information according to the corresponding time management information without following the performance tempo. Automatic performance device provided. The time management information of the first type is attached with restriction timing information describing the reproduction restriction time of the corresponding event data in the relative time unit,
The reproduction time determining means includes means for determining the reproduction restriction time of event data corresponding to the first type time management information based on the restriction timing information and a performance tempo, and the first type time management information 2. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reproduction time of the event data corresponding to is determined so as not to exceed the determined reproduction time limit. The event data corresponding to the first type of time management information is accompanied by repetition information instructing repeated reproduction,
3. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the event data supplied from the performance data supply means includes the repetitive information, the event data is repeatedly reproduced. In the computer,
Performance data comprising a sequence of data including event data indicating a performance event and time management information for managing a time at which the event data is to be executed, the data corresponding to a part of the event data The time management information includes the first type of time management information described in absolute time units that do not follow the performance tempo, and the other time management information corresponding to the event data is described in relative time units that follow the performance tempo. A procedure for supplying the second type of time management information,
The reproduction time for executing the corresponding event data is determined based on the time management information, and the reproduction time of the event data corresponding to the second type of time management information includes the corresponding time management information and the performance. On the other hand, a program for determining a reproduction time of the event data corresponding to the first type time management information without following the performance tempo and executing a procedure for determining according to the corresponding time management information .   A part of the event data, comprising a sequence of data including event data for instructing a performance event and time management information that is assigned to the event data and for managing the time at which the corresponding event data is to be executed The time management information corresponding to is composed of first type time management information described in absolute time units that do not follow the performance tempo, and the other time management information corresponding to the event data is relative to follow the performance tempo. Performance data comprising time management information of the second type described in time units. A part of the event data, comprising a sequence of data including event data for instructing a performance event and time management information that is assigned to the event data and for managing the time at which the corresponding event data is to be executed The time management information corresponding to is composed of first type time management information described in absolute time units that do not follow the performance tempo, and the other time management information corresponding to the event data is relative to follow the performance tempo. A storage medium storing performance data, characterized by comprising time management information of the second type described in time units.

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