JP2005095992A - Laser truing and dressing method and grinding wheel for laser truing and dressing - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily perform truing and dressing of high quality by laser beams by improving a grinding wheel formed by mixing and baking abrasive grains and a binder. <P>SOLUTION: This kind of grinding wheel has "a microscope group with the binder 3 cross-linking among a large number of abrasive grains" shown in the lower half part of the figure. A filler is added to the binder, and particles of the filler are dispersed as described with spots in the upper half of the figure. A material selected as the filler (1) has no adverse effect on the material properties of the grinding wheel, (2) does not melt in baking in a grinding wheel manufacturing process, (3) vaporizes at the temperature lower than the fusing point of the binder when the temperature rises under the irradiation of laser beams, or burns to dissipate. An area surrounded by a circular imaginary line (c) is described removing the binder to make the filler easily visible. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to truing and dressing of a grinding wheel (abbreviation / grinding wheel), and is particularly applied to truing and / or dressing by irradiating a laser beam.

Truing and dressing are performed in order to make the grinding wheel “ready for grinding”.
Both of these predicates are often confused by the technical development and progress of truing and dressing,
Truing is to correct the macro shape of the grindstone as desired. Generally speaking, the truing is an operation for eliminating the “grinding wheel runout” while mounted on the grinder.
Dressing is to adjust the microscopic surface condition of the grindstone. A cutting edge is formed by each of a large number of grains near the surface layer of the grindstone, and a cavity called a chip pocket between adjacent abrasive grains ( This is an operation for forming a dent.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining dressing.
A reference numeral 1 indicates a grinding wheel as a representative example of a grinding wheel, and a large number of abrasive grains 2 are hardened by a binder 3.
The grindstone is roughly classified into an inorganic grindstone (vitrified), a metallic grindstone (metal bond), a synthetic resin grindstone (resinoid), and a rubber grindstone depending on the type of binder. In the present invention, inorganic grindstones, metallic grindstones, and mixed inorganic / metallic grindstones are also subject to application (synthetic resin grindstones and rubber grindstones are excluded from the scope of application. One part of the features of the present invention has emerged (please keep this in mind).

FIG. 2A shows a grinding wheel in a normal state. The binder 3 is bridged between the adjacent abrasive grains 2 to support and harden the abrasive grains 2. Pores 4 are formed between the abrasive grains 2 and the binder 3, and recesses (chip pockets) are formed between the abrasive grains 2.
In this way, the surface layer of the grinding wheel is in a so-called “sharp state” in which each of the abrasive grains 2 forms a cutting edge. This state is a “state that can be used for grinding”.
When a grinding operation is performed using such a grinding wheel, wear such as clogging, spilling, and crushing occurs, resulting in poor sharpness of the grinding wheel. Hereinafter, these wear and tear will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Refer to FIG. 2 (B)) When the chips 5 and other foreign matters generated by the grinding work fill the chip pocket, the chip pocket becomes “clogged” and the workpiece is not cut and the ground surface of the workpiece is deteriorated.
(Refer to FIG. 2 (C)) When the crosslinking of the binder 3 is broken by the grinding operation, the abrasive grains supported by the binder crosslinking fall off (2A), resulting in “spilling” and the workpiece cannot be cut. In addition, the ground surface becomes worse.
(See FIG. 2 (D)) When the cutting edge of each abrasive grain is worn (2B) by the grinding operation, it becomes “broken”, the workpiece cannot be scraped, and the finished surface is deteriorated.

Dressing is an operation for restoring a grindstone that has been clogged, spilled or clogged as described above to the normal state of FIG.
In dressing, the surface shape of the grinding wheel is modified as much as possible, and the surface state is corrected. “The abrasive grains 2 on the grinding wheel surface layer portion constitutes a cutting edge, and there is a chip pocket between adjacent abrasive grains. Restored to the “formed state”.
That is, dressing is an operation of removing the binder cross-linking of the surface layer portion while taking care not to drop off the abrasive grains 2 on the surface portion of the grindstone.
In the classic method of dressing, the grinding wheel surface layer is thinly scraped off with a diamond single stone tool, or the grinding wheel surface layer is thinly scraped off with a rotary dresser using diamond as abrasive grains.

As a recent technique for dressing,
A. Applying the phenomenon of anodization in electrolysis to a conductive grindstone to remove the binder on the surface of the grindstone, and
B. A method of thinly removing the binder on the grindstone surface layer by irradiating with laser light has been studied.

Published patent publication (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-192464) “Dressing method of metal bond grindstone” This is an invention method of removing chips and bond metal by irradiating a clogged metal bond grindstone with laser visible light. Published patent publication (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-156714) “Diamond rotary dresser and manufacturing method thereof” A laser beam or an electron beam is irradiated on the surface of the abrasive grain to cut a groove on the surface of the abrasive grain to form a cutting edge It is an invention. Published Patent Publication (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-202530) “Diamond Rotary Dresser and Method for Producing the Same” This is an invention in which the surface of abrasive grains bonded with a bond material is irradiated with a laser beam to cut grooves to form cutting edges. Journal of Japan Society for Precision Engineering 59/12/1993 (pages 55 to 60) “Research on dressing of resinoid grindstone with moving heat source” As the title suggests, this is a research paper on laser dressing limited to resinoid grindstones. (Note) The present invention excludes a synthetic resin-based grindstone (resinoid grindstone), as previously remembered in paragraph 0003. This Non-Patent Document 1 utilizes the low heat resistance of resinoids. On the other hand, as will be described in detail later, the present invention disperses a specific filler in a non-resinoid, non-rubber binder to locally reduce the laser resistance, thereby laser truing and / or laser. The dressing is made possible, and the technical idea is completely different from Non-Patent Document 1 and the present invention. Vol 40 No2 1996 MAR (pages 29-34) "YAG laser truing of electrodeposited CBN quill" Since it was truing with laser light, it was cited as a background technology. This is not a dressing and truing of “a grindstone in which abrasive grains are hardened with a binder” but a technical idea completely different from the present invention.

Recently, processing by laser light has been actively studied in various fields, and it has been applied to grinding stone dressing and truing, and there are many useful inventions and advanced research announcements.
However, all these known techniques are intended for conventional whetstones,
(A) Study the influence of the wavelength of the laser beam to be irradiated (Patent Document 1),
(B) Studying the direction of grooves engraved on abrasive grains with laser light (Patent Document 2),
(C) Study the shape of the grooves engraved on the surface of the rotary dresser with laser light (Patent Document 3)
(D) Considering carbonization removal of a synthetic resin binder (resinoid) by laser light (Non-Patent Document 1),
(E) The irradiation direction of laser light on electrodeposited CBN is studied (Non-Patent Document 2), but there is no research on “relation between laser processing and grinding stone material”. That is, there is no technical idea of “creating a grinding wheel material suitable for laser dressing / truing”.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and created a “whetstone having a composition suitable for leather dressing and / or truing and an optical microscopic structure”.
In addition, the present invention provides a novel dressing method and a novel truing method based on the characteristics of the created grindstone.

The technical idea of the present invention is summarized as follows.
In other words, all of the above-mentioned known techniques see the binder of the grindstone as merely a “homogeneous substance”, whereas the present invention shows that the optical microstructure of the grindstone is “between many abrasive grains. Focusing on the fact that the binder is cross-linked.
And, by dispersing minute particles of a specific additive (filler) in the binder crosslink, the mechanical strength of the binder crosslink is not lowered and the chemical stability is impaired. There is also no need to make processing with leather light easy.
Looking only at the word “adding filler to the binder”, there is no difference from the prior art, but the filler added to the resinoid binder in the prior art was to increase the strength of the grindstone.
Compared to this, the present invention is to reduce the laser resistance appropriately by adding a specific filler to the non-resinoid binder, and is completely novel as a technical idea.

In order to understand the present invention, the technical significance of “dispersing the fine particles of the filler” described in the previous paragraph is clarified. (A) In the electron microscope, the crystal structure of the binder is The filler molecules and atoms are not regularly arranged, but (b) the fine particles of the filler are irregularly dispersed in the binder by an optical microscope.
As can be easily understood from such a microstructure, the mechanical strength and chemical stability of the binder itself do not change in practice.
When such a tissue is irradiated with laser light and the filler is selectively lost, a local defect occurs in the binder cross-linking, and a cavity (recess) is formed. If the local defects are large, the binder crosslinks are destroyed.
Further, the crosslinking of the binder is also destroyed by selectively expanding only the filler by irradiating the leather light.

The configuration of the grindstone according to the invention of claim 1 includes “abrasive grains containing any one of alumina, silicon carbide, diamond, or CBN” and “inorganic, metallic, or inorganic / metallic. In a grindstone having an optical microscope structure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked with each other by firing a raw material formulated with a `` system binder ''
A filler is added to the preparation of the abrasive grains and the binder, and the fine particles of the filler are dispersed in the bond bridge.
The melting point of the filler is higher than the firing temperature of the grindstone,
The filler is a substance that evaporates or sublimates at a temperature lower than the melting point of the binder when irradiated with laser light.

According to the invention of the first aspect described above, the mechanical strength of the binder forming the crosslink is not lowered, and the chemical stability of the binder crosslink is not impaired. Therefore, there is no adverse effect on the entire grinding wheel.
Moreover, when the grindstone is irradiated with laser light, the irradiated “binder containing filler” is heated, and the filler is vaporized before reaching the melting point of the binder.
Since the filler is finely dispersed in the binder, the crosslinking of the binder is broken when the filler vaporizes and disappears. Since this phenomenon occurs below the melting point of the binder, the binder cross-linking of the grindstone surface layer portion is selectively broken while maintaining rigidity without softening the entire grindstone,
The cavity in which the binder crosslink has disappeared constitutes a chip pocket and dressing is performed.
Further, when a relatively large amount of binder crosslinking is broken by irradiating relatively strong laser light for a long time, the abrasive grains supported by the binder crosslinking fall off and truing is performed.
Furthermore, since the melting point of the filler is lower than the firing temperature of the grindstone, if the fine filler is added and blended in the blending process when manufacturing the grindstone, the filler fine particles are fused in the firing process. Thus, there is no fear of becoming a small lump, and a microstructure is formed in which the filler is scattered as fine particles in the crosslinking agent.
Thus, the grindstone according to the first aspect of the present invention can be trued and dressed by irradiation with laser light, is easy to manufacture, and is suitable for industrial mass production.

The configuration of the grindstone according to the invention of claim 2 is that, in addition to the constituent features of the invention of claim 1, the binder is an inorganic binder, and the firing temperature is 600 ° C. to 800 ° C.,
Its melting point is higher than 1600 ° C,
And the filler is an alkaline earth metal, preferably Ca or Mg,
The melting point of the filler is higher than the firing temperature of the binder, and the evaporation point of the filler is lower than the melting point of the binder.

The invention of claim 2 described above is applied to an inorganic binder (vitrified) grindstone, and the melting point of Ca added as a filler (850 ° C.) and the melting point of Mg (650 ° C.) are inorganic binders. It is higher than the general firing temperature (600 ° C to 800 ° C) of the grindstone,
In addition, the evaporation point of Ca (1487 ° C) and the evaporation point of Mg (1120 ° C) are lower than the general melting point (1600 ° C) of inorganic binders, making it suitable for laser truing dressing and easy to manufacture. is there.
Furthermore, Ca and Mg can be easily dispersed in an inorganic binder in the form of fine particles, and even if dispersed in an inorganic binder, the mechanical strength and chemical stability of the inorganic binder Does not adversely affect sex.

The configuration of the grindstone according to the invention of claim 3 is that, in addition to the constituent features of the invention of claim 1, the binder is a metallic binder, and the firing temperature is 650 ° C to 700 ° C. Yes,
Its melting point is higher than 1300 ° C,
And the filler is a metal halide, preferably FeCl ₂ , CoCl ₂ , or CsCl ₂ ,
The melting point of the filler is higher than the firing temperature of the binder, and the evaporation point of the filler is lower than the melting point of the binder.

The invention according to claim 3 described above is applied to a metal-based binder (metal bond) grindstone.
Melting point of FeCl ₂ added as filler (677 ° C.), melting point of CoCl ₂ (724 ° C.
), And the melting point (703 ° C.) of CsF is higher than the general firing temperature (650 ° C. to 700 ° C.) of the metallic binder grindstone,
Since the evaporation point of FeCl ₂ (1026 ° C.), the evaporation point of CoCl ₂ (1050 ° C.), and the evaporation point of CsF (1231 ° C.) are lower than the general melting point (1300 ° C.) of metallic binders. Suitable for laser truing dressing and easy to manufacture.
Moreover, FeCl ₂ , CoCl ₂ , and CsF can be easily dispersed finely in the inorganic binder, and even if dispersed in the inorganic binder, the mechanical properties of the inorganic binder Does not adversely affect strength or chemical stability.

The structure of the dressing method according to the invention of claim 4 is comprised of “abrasive grains containing any of alumina, silicon carbide, diamond, or CBN” and “inorganic, metallic, or inorganic / metal. In a method of dressing by irradiating a laser beam to a grindstone having a microstructure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked with each other by firing a raw material prepared by blending a `` binder of mixed quality system '',
In the preparation of the abrasive grains and the binder, a filler is added in advance, and the filler fine particles are dispersed in the binder crosslinking.
A relatively weak laser beam is irradiated on the work surface of the grindstone for a relatively short time to vaporize and remove the filler in the binder, and a chip pocket is formed by the cavity where the filler has disappeared. It is characterized by.

According to the method of the invention of claim 4 described above, a filler is added in advance to a binder that is crosslinked between a large number of abrasive grains and supports the large number of abrasive grains. Utilizing the characteristics of the added filler, a relatively weak laser beam can be irradiated for a short time to selectively remove the binder cross-linking, thereby forming a chip pocket and performing good dressing.
In the prior art, a method in which a grindstone is baked using a binder that is easily carbonized by heat, and this is irradiated with laser light to carbonize the crosslinking of the binder, so an inorganic grindstone or metal is used. Although it is difficult to perform laser dressing of a quality grinding stone and a good grinding wheel surface cannot be obtained due to damage caused by carbonized and burned residues, the dressing method according to the invention of claim 4 is a heat-sensitive binder. , And used for all grindstones that use a heat-resistant binder, that is, for inorganic grindstones, for metal grindstones, and for grindstones that use mixed metal / inorganic grinders. It was possible to dramatically expand the application range of laser dressing operations.
In addition, since the filler irradiated with the laser is vaporized, the dressing finish surface is clean and the sharpness of the grindstone is excellent.

The structure of the truing method according to the invention of claim 5 is comprised of “abrasive grains containing any one of alumina, silicon carbide, diamond, or CBN” and “inorganic, metallic, or inorganic / metal. In a method of truing by irradiating a laser beam to a grindstone having a microscopic structure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked with each other by firing a raw material prepared by blending a `` binder mixed with a quality system '',
In the preparation of the abrasive grains and the binder, a filler is added in advance, and the filler fine particles are dispersed in the binder crosslinking.
By irradiating the processing surface of the grindstone with a relatively strong laser beam for a relatively long time to vaporize the filler in the binder, the crosslinking of the binder is broken, and the abrasive grains on the surface of the grindstone fall off. It is characterized by removing.

According to the method of the invention of claim 5 described above, a filler is added in advance to a binder that is cross-linked between a large number of abrasive grains and supports the large number of abrasive grains. Utilizing the characteristics of the added filler, the binder crosslinking is selectively removed by irradiating with a relatively strong laser beam for a long time, and the abrasive grains supported by the binder crosslinking are removed. High-quality truing operation can be performed with high efficiency.
In the prior art, a method in which a grindstone is baked using a binder that is easily carbonized by heat, and a binder crosslinking is carbonized by irradiating this with a laser beam is mainly used. Laser truing of the grindstone is difficult, and a good grindstone surface was not obtained due to damage by the carbonized residue. However, the truing method according to the invention of claim 5 is an inorganic grindstone with excellent heat resistance. In addition, it can be used for both a metallic grindstone and a grindstone using a metallic / inorganic mixed binder, and the application range of a truing operation by a laser can be greatly expanded.
In addition, since the filler irradiated with the laser is vaporized, the truing finished surface is clean and high quality truing is performed.

The structure of the grindstone according to the invention of claim 6 is “abrasive grains containing any one of alumina, silicon carbide, diamond, or CBN” and “inorganic, metallic, or inorganic / metallic. In a grindstone having a microstructure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked with each other by firing a raw material formulated with a `` system binder ''
A filler is added to the formulation of the abrasive and the binder, and the fine particles of the filler are dispersed in the binder crosslinking.
And the thermal expansion coefficient (linear expansion) of the said filler is 1.1 times or more compared with the thermal expansion coefficient of the said binder, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

In the grindstone according to the invention of the sixth aspect described above, since filler fine particles having a large thermal expansion coefficient are scattered in the binder bridge, a difference in thermal expansion is caused when the grindstone expands upon irradiation with laser light. Causes microcracks and breaks the binder crosslinks.
When the above-mentioned binder cross-linking collapse is locally generated by short-time irradiation with a relatively weak laser beam, dressing is performed.
Further, when the above-mentioned binder cross-linking collapse is advanced by irradiation with a relatively strong laser beam for a long time, a part of the abrasive grains (grindstone surface layer part) supported by the binder cross-linking is dropped and truing is performed. .
The grindstone according to the sixth aspect of the present invention can selectively use the dressing operation and the truing operation by controlling the laser light irradiation conditions as described above. The technical idea of deliberately adding a material with a significantly different thermal expansion coefficient when preparing the grinding stone material is completely new, and the grinding wheel of claim 6 has a new function and effect that could not be expected in the past. It is a thing.
In this way, if materials with different thermal expansion coefficients are mixed, it may be inferred that there may be a direction that may cause cracks when firing a grindstone, but the number of meshes of the filler is fine (for example, a particle size of 50 μm). In addition, the heating and cooling rate in the firing process is gradually reduced, and troubles during firing can be prevented beforehand and completely (experimental confirmation has been made).

The configuration of the grindstone according to the invention of claim 7, in addition to the constituent features of the invention of claim 6, the binder is an inorganic binder,
And the filler is a metal oxide, preferably Al ₂ O ₃ , BeO, Cr ₂ O ₃ , or MgO,
When the binder crosslinking containing the above filler is irradiated with laser light and heated up, the binder crosslinking is broken by the difference in thermal expansion.

According to the invention of claim 7 described above, the thermal expansion coefficient of Al ₂ O ₃ is 6 to 9 × 10 ^−6.
The thermal expansion coefficient of BeO is 6-9 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C., the thermal expansion coefficient of Cr ₂ O ₃ is 5.5-9 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C., and the thermal expansion of MgO The coefficient is 11 to 15 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C., which is 1.1 times or more than 0.5 to 5 (10 ⁻⁶ / ° C.), which is a general thermal expansion coefficient of inorganic binders. Yes, the effect of breaking the binder cross-linking due to the difference in thermal expansion is exhibited.
In addition, these metal oxides are easily dispersed finely in an inorganic binder, and are chemically stable. For example, they may react with a grinding fluid or swell with a grinding fluid. There is no.
In addition, these metal oxides are not toxic, pyrophoric, volatile, or offensive odor, and are easy to handle.
Further, even if these metal oxide fillers are scattered during binder crosslinking, the mechanical strength such as rigidity, impact value, tensile strength, etc. of the entire grindstone is not adversely affected (which can be ignored in practice).
Thus, the grindstone according to claim 7 is very suitable for laser truing and / or for laser dressing.

The configuration of the inventive method according to claim 8 is as follows: “abrasive grains containing any one of alumina, silicon carbide, diamond, or CBN” and “inorganic or inorganic / metallic mixed binder” In a method of dressing by irradiating a laser beam to a grindstone having a microscopic structure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked with each other by firing a raw material formulated with
In advance, by adding a filler having a thermal expansion coefficient (linear expansion) of 1.1 times or more compared to the binder and firing, the filler fine particles are dispersed in the binder crosslinking,
Irradiate a relatively weak laser beam to the grindstone to raise the temperature of the “binder containing filler”,
A micro crack is generated in the binder bridge due to a difference in thermal expansion, the binder bridge on the grindstone surface layer is removed, and a chip pocket is formed by a cavity in which the binder bridge has disappeared.

According to the dressing method according to the invention of the eighth aspect described above, without affecting the abrasive grains, the crosslinking of the binder is locally broken and removed only in the surface portion of the grindstone, Since the chip pocket is constituted by the cavity of the trace that has disappeared, the “sharpness of the grindstone” after dressing is good.
In particular, it should be noted that the dressing operation according to claim 8 is carried out by “physical change without phase change” and does not cause any chemical change.
The laser dressing method according to the prior art irradiates the binder with laser light and burns, decomposes, or melts, so that inevitably combustion products, decomposition products, or melt binders are generated. .
These generated substances have physical properties that are different from the original properties of the grinding stone that is the workpiece, so that fine particles of the molten binder adhere to the abrasive grains, and the binder carbide fills the chip pocket. As a result, the condition of the dressing surface is deteriorated, so that special consideration is required for removing the product, and the dressing operation is complicated and the running cost is increased.
In the method of the present invention, since the binder cross-linking including the filler is only physically crushed into fine fragments and the physical properties do not change, the dressing surface is clean and good sharpness is obtained. It is done.

The structure of the inventive method according to claim 9 is comprised of “abrasive grains containing any one of alumina-based, silicon carbide-based, diamond, or CBN” and “inorganic-based or inorganic / metal-based binder. In a method of truing by irradiating a laser beam to a grindstone having a microstructure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked with each other by a binder, the raw material prepared by mixing with a raw material is previously compared with the binder. By adding a filler having a thermal expansion coefficient (linear expansion) of 1.1 times or more and baking, the filler fine particles are dispersed in the binder cross-linkage,
Irradiate a relatively strong laser beam to the grindstone to raise the temperature of the “binder containing filler”,
It is characterized in that the binder cross-linking of the grindstone surface layer portion is broken by the difference in thermal expansion, and the abrasive grains supported by the binder cross-linking are dropped off.

According to the truing method according to the invention of claim 9 described above, the abrasive grains supported by the binder bridge are destroyed by removing the binder bridge of the grindstone surface layer without affecting the abrasive grains. The truing work is performed cleanly.
In particular, it should be noted that the truing operation according to claim 9 is performed by “physical change without phase change” and does not cause any chemical change.
In the laser truing method according to the prior art, since the binder was irradiated with laser light and burned, decomposed, or melted, a combustion product, a decomposition product, or a melted binder was inevitably generated. .
These generated substances have physical properties that are different from the original properties of the grinding stone that is the workpiece, so that the fine particles of the molten binder adhere to the abrasive grains and the binder carbide adheres to the truing surface. Or worsen the truing finish. For this reason, special consideration was required for product removal, and the truing operation was complicated to increase the running cost of the laser truing operation.
In the invention method of this claim, since the binder cross-link containing the filler is physically crushed into fine fragments and the physical properties are not changed, the truing surface is clean and the truing operation is completed. In this state, it can be used for grinding as it is. That is. A “truing surface close to the dressed state” is obtained.

  The structure of the grindstone according to the invention of claim 10 includes “abrasive grains containing any one of alumina, silicon carbide, diamond, or CBN” and “inorganic, metallic, or inorganic / metallic. In a grindstone having a microscopic structure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked to each other by a binder, the above-mentioned binder is heated in an oxidizing atmosphere. It is characterized by the fact that a filler consisting of graphite, carbon nanotubes, or carbon nanofibers is added, and fine particles of the filler are dispersed in the binder bridge. To do.

According to the invention described in claim 10 described above, when the crosslink formed by the binder is heated by being irradiated with laser light, the fine particles of the filler dispersed therein are oxidized and disappear. As a result, the cross-linking breaks down.
If this phenomenon occurs slightly locally, the cross-linking binder is partially removed and dressing is performed.
Further, when the above phenomenon occurs widely in the grindstone surface layer portion, the abrasive grains supported by the binder are dropped and truing is performed.
As described above, the grindstone according to the present invention can arbitrarily use the dressing operation and the truing operation by controlling the irradiation laser light.
In addition, there is no risk of adversely affecting the mechanical strength and chemical stability of the entire wheel due to the addition of filler, and the single carbon used as filler is non-toxic, non-volatile and odorless. It is easy to handle because it is not pyrophoric and does not induce occupational accidents or cause environmental pollution.

The configuration of the inventive method according to claim 11 is “abrasive grains containing any of alumina, silicon carbide, diamond, or CBN” and “inorganic, metallic, or inorganic / metallic. In a method of truing and / or dressing by irradiating a grindstone having a microscopic structure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked with each other by firing a raw material prepared by mixing a “mixed binder”. ,
In the preparation of the abrasive grains and the binder, a “filler that is oxidized to become a gas” is added in advance, preferably graphite, carbon nanotubes, or carbon nanofibers. Decentralized,
By irradiating the processing surface of the grindstone with a relatively strong laser beam, the filler in the cross-linking binder is oxidized and removed to destroy the cross-linking of the binder, causing the abrasive grains on the surface of the whetstone to fall off. Truing and
And / or irradiating a relatively weak laser beam to oxidize and remove the filler in the cross-linking agent, thereby forming a chip pocket by a cavity of the trace of the removed filler. .

According to the above-described method of the invention of claim 11, the filler is irradiated with laser light by dispersing carbon-based filler fine particles in advance in the cross-linking constituted by the binder. The filler can be burned and vaporized to disrupt the binder crosslinks.
When this operation is applied locally, dressing is performed, and when it is applied relatively strongly, truing is performed.
As is apparent from the above-described action, the inventive method of claim 11 can arbitrarily use the dressing operation and the truing operation by controlling the laser light irradiation conditions using the same apparatus.
In the method of the present invention of claim 11, it is technically important that pure carbon fine particles are oxidized (burned) by being irradiated with laser light. That is, as in the prior art, the pyrolysis product when carbonized by irradiating a phenol resin organic material with laser light contains tar-like impurities. The machined surface is not clean. Compared to this, both the dressing surface and the truing surface finished by the inventive method of this claim are extremely clean.
Moreover, when the method of the present invention is carried out, no toxic gas is generated and no bad smell is emitted, and the working environment is kept clean.

When the grindstone according to the invention of claim 1 is applied, the mechanical strength of the binder forming the bridge is not lowered, and the chemical stability of the binder bridge is not impaired. Therefore, there is no adverse effect on the entire grinding wheel.
Moreover, when the grindstone is irradiated with laser light, the irradiated “binder containing filler” is heated, and the filler is vaporized before reaching the melting point of the binder.
Since the filler is finely dispersed in the binder, the crosslinking of the binder is broken when the filler vaporizes and disappears. Since this phenomenon occurs below the melting point of the binder, the binder cross-linking of the grindstone surface layer portion is selectively broken in a state where rigidity is maintained without softening the entire grindstone,
The cavity in which the binder crosslink has disappeared constitutes a chip pocket and dressing is performed.
When a relatively large amount of binder crosslinking is broken by irradiating with a strong laser beam for a long time, abrasive grains supported by the binder crosslinking fall off and truing is performed.
Furthermore, since the melting point of the filler is lower than the firing temperature of the grindstone, if the fine filler is added and blended in the blending process when manufacturing the grindstone, the filler fine particles are fused in the firing process. Thus, there is no fear of becoming a small lump, and a microstructure is formed in which the filler is scattered as fine particles in the crosslinking agent.
Thus, the grindstone according to the first aspect of the present invention can be trued and dressed by irradiation with laser light, is easy to manufacture, and is suitable for industrial mass production.

The invention of claim 2 is applied to an inorganic binder (vitrified) grindstone, and the melting point of Ca added as a filler (850 ° C.) and the melting point of Mg (650 ° C.) are generally used for inorganic binder grindstones. Higher than the firing temperature (600 ° C. to 800 ° C.),
In addition, since the evaporation point of Ca (1487 ° C.) and the evaporation point of Mg (1120 ° C.) are lower than the general melting point (1600 ° C.) of inorganic binders, it is suitable for laser truing dressing and easy to manufacture. .
Moreover, Ca and Mg can be easily dispersed in an inorganic binder in the form of fine particles, and even if dispersed in an inorganic binder, the mechanical strength and chemical stability of the inorganic binder Does not adversely affect sex.

The invention of claim 3 is applied to a metallic binder (metal bond) grindstone,
Melting point of FeCl ₂ added as filler (677 ° C.), melting point of CoCl ₂ (724 ° C.
), And the melting point (703 ° C.) of CsF is higher than the general firing temperature (650 ° C. to 700 ° C.) of the metallic binder grindstone,
Since the evaporation point of FeCl ₂ (1026 ° C.), the evaporation point of CoCl ₂ (1050 ° C.), and the evaporation point of CsF (1231 ° C.) are lower than the general melting point (1300 ° C.) of metallic binders. Suitable for laser truing dressing and easy to manufacture.
Moreover, FeCl ₂ , CoCl ₂ , and CsF can be easily dispersed finely in the inorganic binder, and even if dispersed in the inorganic binder, the mechanical properties of the inorganic binder Does not adversely affect strength or chemical stability.

According to the method of the invention of claim 4, a filler is added in advance to a binder that is crosslinked between a large number of abrasive grains and supports the large number of abrasive grains, and is added to the binder. By taking advantage of the characteristics of the filler, irradiation with a relatively weak laser beam for a short time can selectively remove the binder cross-linking to form a chip pocket and perform good dressing.
In the prior art, a method in which a grindstone is baked using a binder that is easily carbonized by heat, and this is irradiated with laser light to carbonize the crosslinking of the binder, so an inorganic grindstone or metal is used. Although it is difficult to perform laser dressing of a quality grinding stone and a good grinding wheel surface cannot be obtained due to damage caused by carbonized residue, the dressing method according to the invention of claim 4 is applied to an inorganic grinding stone as well as a metallic material. In addition, it can be used for grindstones using metallic and inorganic mixed binders, and the application range of laser dressing operations can be greatly expanded. In addition, since the filler irradiated with the laser is vaporized, the dressing finish surface is clean and the sharpness of the grindstone is excellent.

According to the invention method of claim 5, a filler is added in advance to a binder that is crosslinked between a large number of abrasive grains and supports the large number of abrasive grains, and added to the binder. Utilizing the properties of the filler, high-quality by selectively removing the binder cross-linking by irradiating relatively strong laser light for a long time, and dropping off the abrasive grains supported by the binder cross-linking The truing operation can be performed with high efficiency.
In the prior art, a method in which a grindstone is baked using a binder that is easily carbonized by heat, and a binder crosslinking is carbonized by irradiating this with a laser beam is mainly used. Laser truing of a grindstone is difficult, and a good grindstone surface cannot be obtained due to damage caused by carbonized residue. However, the truing method according to the invention of claim 5 is applicable to both inorganic grindstones and metallic grindstones. Furthermore, it can also be used for grindstones using a mixed metal / inorganic binder, and the application range of the truing operation by laser can be greatly expanded.
In addition, since the filler irradiated with the laser is vaporized, the truing finished surface is clean and high quality truing is performed.

In the grindstone according to the invention of claim 6, since filler fine particles having a large thermal expansion coefficient are scattered in the binder cross-linkage, a microcrack is caused by a difference in thermal expansion when expanding by receiving laser light irradiation. And the binder crosslinking is disrupted.
When the above-mentioned binder cross-linking collapse is locally generated by short-time irradiation with a relatively weak laser beam, dressing is performed.
Further, when the above-mentioned binder cross-linking collapse is advanced by irradiation with a relatively strong laser beam for a long time, a part of the abrasive grains (grindstone surface layer part) supported by the binder cross-linking is dropped and truing is performed. .
The grindstone according to the sixth aspect of the present invention can selectively use the dressing operation and the truing operation by controlling the laser light irradiation conditions as described above.
The technical idea of deliberately adding a material with a significantly different thermal expansion coefficient when preparing the grinding stone material is completely new, and the grinding wheel of claim 6 has a new function and effect that could not be expected in the past. It is a thing.
In this way, when materials with different thermal expansion coefficients are mixed, it is speculated that there may be a direction that may cause cracks when firing the grindstone, but the mesh number of the filler is fine (for example, particle size 50 μm) The following troubles can be prevented in advance and completely by slowing the heating / cooling rate in the firing process.

According to the grindstone according to the invention of claim 7, the thermal expansion coefficient of Al ₂ O ₃ is 6 to 9 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C., and the thermal expansion coefficient of BeO is 6 to 9 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C., Since the thermal expansion coefficient of Cr ₂ O ₃ is 5.5 to 9 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C., and the thermal expansion coefficient of MgO is 11 to 15 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C., a general inorganic binder is used. It is 1.1 times or more compared with the thermal expansion coefficient (0.5 to 5 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C.), and the effect of breaking the binder cross-linking due to the difference in thermal expansion is exhibited.
Here, the numerical value “1.1” of the constituent requirement “1.1 times or more” should not be mistaken as a slight difference. The meaning of “over” of “1.1 and above”
No matter how large the thermal expansion coefficient of the filler is compared to the thermal expansion coefficient of the binder,
If the thermal expansion coefficient of the filler is smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of the binder, “breakage of the binder crosslinking due to thermal expansion difference” does not occur.
Even if the difference is small, the collapse of the binder bridge can only be induced by the thermal expansion of the filler being greater than that of the binder.
In addition, these metal oxides are easily dispersed finely in an inorganic binder and are chemically stable. For example, these metal oxides react with a grinding fluid or swell with a grinding fluid. There is no fear.
In addition, these metal oxides are not toxic, pyrophoric, volatile, or offensive odor, and are easy to handle.
Further, even if these metal oxide fillers are scattered during binder crosslinking, the mechanical strength such as rigidity, impact value, tensile strength, etc. of the entire grindstone is not adversely affected (which can be ignored in practice).
Thus, the grindstone according to claim 7 is very suitable for laser truing and / or for laser dressing.

When the dressing method according to the invention of claim 8 is applied, the crosslink of the binder is locally destroyed and removed only on the surface of the grindstone without affecting the abrasive grains, and the crosslink of the binder disappears. Since the chip pocket is constituted by the cavity, the “sharpness of the grindstone” after dressing is good.
In particular, it should be noted that the dressing operation according to claim 8 is carried out by “physical change without phase change” and does not cause any chemical change.
The laser dressing method according to the prior art irradiates the binder with laser light and burns, decomposes, or melts, so that inevitably combustion products, decomposition products, or melt binders are generated. .
These generated substances have physical properties that are different from the original properties of the grinding stone that is the workpiece, so that fine particles of the molten binder adhere to the abrasive grains, and the binder carbide fills the chip pocket. As a result, the condition of the dressing surface is deteriorated, so that special consideration is required for removing the product, and the dressing operation is complicated and the running cost is increased.
In the method of the present invention, since the binder cross-linking including the filler is only physically crushed into fine fragments and the physical properties do not change, the dressing surface is clean and good sharpness is obtained. It is done.

When the truing method according to the ninth aspect of the invention is applied, the binder cross-linking of the grindstone surface layer portion is destroyed and removed without affecting the abrasive grains, and the abrasive grains supported by the binder cross-linking are dropped off. Therefore, the truing work is performed cleanly.
In particular, it should be noted that the truing operation according to claim 9 is performed by “physical change without phase change” and does not cause any chemical change.
In the laser truing method according to the prior art, since the binder was irradiated with laser light and burned, decomposed, or melted, a combustion product, a decomposition product, or a melted binder was inevitably generated. .
These generated substances have physical properties that are different from the original properties of the grinding stone that is the workpiece, so that the fine particles of the molten binder adhere to the abrasive grains and the binder carbide adheres to the truing surface. Or worsen the truing finish. For this reason, special consideration was required for product removal, and the truing operation was complicated to increase the running cost of the laser truing operation.
In the invention method of this claim, since the binder cross-link containing the filler is physically crushed into fine fragments and the physical properties are not changed, the truing surface is clean and the truing operation is completed. In this state, it can be used for grinding as it is. That is. A “truing surface close to the dressed state” is obtained.

According to the grindstone of the invention of claim 10, when the crosslink formed by the binder is heated by being irradiated with laser light, the filler fine particles dispersed therein are oxidized and disappear. The crosslink breaks down.
If this phenomenon occurs slightly locally, the cross-linking binder is partially removed and dressing is performed.
Further, when the above phenomenon occurs widely in the grindstone surface layer portion, the abrasive grains supported by the binder are dropped and truing is performed.
As described above, the grindstone according to the present invention can arbitrarily use the dressing operation and the truing operation by controlling the irradiation laser light.
In addition, there is no risk of adversely affecting the mechanical strength and chemical stability of the entire wheel due to the addition of fillers, and the materials used as fillers are non-toxic, non-volatile and odorless. Because it is not pyrophoric, it is easy to handle and does not induce occupational accidents or environmental pollution.

According to the invention method of claim 11, the filler is irradiated with laser light by dispersing carbon filler fine particles in advance in the cross-linking constituted by the binder. Can be burned and vaporized to disrupt the binder crosslinks.
When this operation is applied locally, dressing is performed, and when it is applied relatively strongly, truing is performed.
As is apparent from the above-described action, the inventive method of claim 11 can arbitrarily use the dressing operation and the truing operation by controlling the laser light irradiation conditions using the same apparatus.
In the method of the present invention of claim 11, it is technically important that pure carbon fine particles are oxidized (burned) by being irradiated with laser light. That is, as in the prior art, the pyrolysis product when carbonized by irradiating a phenol resin organic material with laser light contains tar-like impurities. The machined surface is not clean. Compared to this, both the dressing surface and the truing surface finished by the inventive method of this claim are extremely clean.
Moreover, when the method of the present invention is carried out, no toxic gas is generated and no bad smell is emitted, and the working environment is kept clean.

An overview of the grinding wheel manufacturing process (example of vitrified grinding wheel) is as follows.
1st process: The abrasive grain and binder which are materials are mixed and knead | mixed.
Second step: The prepared material is pressure-molded.
Third step: The molded material is fired. The basic principle of the present invention is that in the preparation of the first step, a filler that is selectively removed by laser light irradiation is added, and the filler is made into microscopic fine particles by firing in the third step. Disperse in the inside.
Here, an appropriate affinity is required between the filler and the binder. To put it figuratively,
It doesn't matter if the bullets are repelled like water and oil, and it isn't good if they are fused together like atoms of copper and tin. In other words, it is desirable that filler fine particles are dispersed at the optical microscope level like graphite particles in spheroidal graphite cast iron (nodular cast iron).
The formulation that satisfies these conditions will be described in detail later with reference to examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the present invention, in which a conventional grindstone structure and a grindstone structure of the present invention are compared with each other and depicted in a one-leaf drawing. Below the reference line ab represents a conventional inorganic (vitrified) binder grindstone that does not contain a filler.
In other words, the lower half of FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of the schematic diagram shown in FIG.
Thus, when manufacturing a grindstone having a microstructure in which each of a large number of abrasive grains 2 is supported by cross-linking of a binder 3, a powdery filler (specific substance name is implemented in the first preparation step). When added, kneaded and fired, a microstructure in which fine particles of the filler are dispersed during the crosslinking of the binder is obtained, as shown in the upper half of FIG. 1 (above the reference line ab). . In FIG. 1, fine particles of the filler are drawn with spots. When the binder cross-linking 3 in the area surrounded by the circular phantom line c is removed so that the filler fine particles drawn with the spots can be easily read, the spots of the filler 6 appear clearly. The above “removing” does not mean that it is actually removed, but it is a matter of omitting illustration.

When the fine particles of the filler 6 are selectively removed by irradiating the tissue in the upper half of FIG.
The remaining binder crosslinks are extremely reduced in density (similarly like osteoporosis). When this laser light irradiation is applied lightly locally, the binder cross-linking of the grindstone surface layer partly collapses and dressing is performed,
When this laser irradiation is applied to the entire surface, the abrasive grains on the surface of the grindstone supported by the binder crosslinking fall off and truing is performed.
In the following, four examples will be described. The configuration common to these examples is as follows.
α. The abrasive grains may be any of alumina-based, silicon carbide-based, diamond, or CBN. That is, the kind of abrasive grain is not limited.
β. The binder excludes organic materials (phenolic resin, rubber, etc.).
(Note) In the conventional technology, organic binders with low heat resistance were intentionally used to melt and burn with a laser beam that is weak enough not to damage the abrasive grains. In the present invention, both the binder and the filler are made of an inorganic substance.

In the present invention, a filler is added so that the binder crosslinking is broken by a weak laser beam that does not damage the abrasive grains.
Depending on the type of filler, the mechanism of disintegration with laser light varies.
Example 1 and Example 2 are examples using a filler that is vaporized (evaporated and sublimated) upon irradiation with laser light, and correspond to claim 1 which is a main claim as an invention of a product.
Further, Claim 2 which is a dependent claim of Claim 1 corresponds to Example 1, and Claim 3 corresponds to Example 2.
The first and second embodiments correspond to claims 4 and 5 as the invention of the method.
Example 3 is an example using a filler that is heated by laser light irradiation and induces cracking due to a difference in thermal expansion from the binder, and is a main claim as an invention of a product. , And claim 7 which is a dependent claim thereof.
The third embodiment corresponds to claims 6 and 7 as the invention of the method.
The fourth embodiment corresponds to claim 10 as a product invention and claim 11 as a method invention.

As an example of the inorganic binder, fine powder of Ca having a melting point of 850 ° C. and an evaporation point of 1487 ° C. was added to a clay binder having a firing temperature of 600 ° C. to 800 ° C. and a melting point of 1600 ° C., followed by firing.
The firing operation was carried out in the same manner as in conventional vitrified stones without giving special consideration. Since the melting point of the filler was higher than the firing temperature of the binder, no particular problem occurred.
The surface of the fired grindstone was irradiated with YAG laser light using a commercially available microlaser processing machine. Irradiation conditions are as follows.
Laser wavelength: Three types of fundamental wave (1064 nm), second harmonic (532 nm), and third harmonic (355 nm) were sequentially irradiated.
Laser energy: 0.1 to 0.6 mJ was sequentially irradiated in 6 steps. Pulse width: 4ns
Pulse frequency: 60Hz

When YAG third harmonic was irradiated for 20 seconds under the above conditions, a part of the binder cross-linking of the surface layer portion disappeared, and further chip pockets were formed as irradiation continued.
When irradiation continued for 2 minutes and 40 seconds, the abrasive grains on the surface layer began to fall off (3 minutes after the start of the first irradiation).
In this embodiment, dressing is performed by irradiation for 20 seconds or more and less than 3 minutes, and truing is performed by irradiation for 3 minutes or more.
The above-mentioned time is not fixed, and when the laser beam irradiation is weakened, the appropriate irradiation time is extended, and when it is strengthened, it is shortened. When practicing the present invention, the intensity of the laser beam is limited by the specifications of the laser processing machine, so it is recommended to experimentally determine the optimum irradiation time at a practical laser beam intensity.

As an application example of the above embodiment, Mg can be added as a filler instead of Ca.
Since Mg has a melting point of 650 ° C. and an evaporation point of 1120 ° C., it does not melt when firing the inorganic grindstone and evaporates and disappears within the heat-resistant temperature of the inorganic grindstone.
When this is deduced, an appropriate alkaline earth metal is selected on the condition that it has a melting point higher than the firing temperature of the binder and an evaporation point lower than the melting point of the binder. It can be used as a filler. If you look only at the temperature characteristics, Ra is also suitable, but it is far from practical use if you consider radioactivity, toxicity, and price.

Example 2 is similar to Example 1 above in that the filler is vaporized at elevated temperature.
A metallic binder is used as the binder, and a metal halide is used as the filler.
In this example, FeCl ₂ was used as a filler for a metallic binder having a firing temperature of 650 ° C. to 700 ° C. and a melting point of 1300 ° C. or higher.
Since the melting point of this ferric chloride is 677 ° C. and the evaporation point is 1026 ° C., no particular problem is caused in the firing of the grindstone, and it can be evaporated and disappear within the heat resistance range of the grindstone.
Instead of FeCl ₂ , CoCl ₂ or CsF can be used, and similar effects can be obtained.
CoCl _{2 has} a melting point of 724 ° C. and an evaporation point of 1050 ° C.
CsF has a melting point of 703 ° C. and an evaporation point of 1120 ° C.

In Example 3, an inorganic binder, a metallic binder, or a mixed inorganic / metallic binder is an object of application, and a thermal expansion coefficient (linear expansion) compared to these binders. ) Is 1.1 times or more as a filler.
More specific examples, the general coefficient of thermal expansion of the inorganic-based binders as 0.5 to 5 × 10 ^{over 6} / ° C.,
A fine powder of Al ₂ O ₃ (thermal expansion coefficient 6-9 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C.) having a thermal expansion coefficient of 5 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C. or more was added. (Note) 6 is 1.2 times 5
When the grindstone configured as described above is irradiated with laser light, dressing is performed by short-time irradiation with relatively weak laser light, as in the first embodiment, and by long-time irradiation with relatively strong laser light. Truing is performed.
Even if the following filler is used in place of the above Al ₂ O ₃ , the same effect can be obtained (the coefficient of thermal expansion is in parentheses). BeO (6-9 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C.), Cr ₂ O ₃ (5.5-9 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C.), MgO (11-15 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C.).

In Example 4, fine particles of a substance that is oxidized (combusted) to become a gas are dispersed in a binder.
Although the novelty is lacking simply by oxidizing and removing the filler, the present Example 4 is novel in that it uses chemically simple carbon. That is, in view of the fact that when an organic substance (carbon compound) is heated and burned with a laser, a liquid or solid combustion product is generated and the truing surface and the dressing surface are fouled, this embodiment has an appropriate heat resistance. Graphite, carbon nanotubes, or carbon nanofibers are used as fillers that have (not melted by firing), can be easily made into ultrafine powder, and are easily available as pure simple substances.

When a grindstone having a binder bridge containing carbon fine particles according to this embodiment is irradiated with laser light, dressing is performed by short-time irradiation with a relatively weak laser beam as in the first embodiment, and a relatively strong laser is applied. Truing is performed by long-time irradiation of light.
In Example 4, since carbon is heated by laser and burned, it should be carried out in an oxidizing atmosphere. However, if no special consideration is given, the laser light can be irradiated in the air. It is easy to burn carbon. In this case, graphite is easily made into a fine powder, and carbon nanofibers and carbon nanotubes are inherently ultrafine powder and have a very large specific surface area, so that it can be easily selectively burned.

When the present invention is carried out, the grinding wheel for grinding can be easily and quickly trued and dressed in a clean work environment to make it ready for use, which contributes to the development of the grinding equipment industry. It is a great deal.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is shown in order to demonstrate the basic principle of this invention, and is the schematic diagram which drew one Example of the grinding stone concerning this invention. It is the schematic diagram which showed the general structure of the grinding wheel, (A) is a normal state, (B) is a clogged state, (C) is a spilled state, (D) is a Each collapsed state is drawn.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Grinding wheel, 2 ... Abrasive grain, 2A ... Dropped abrasive grain, 2B ... Worn abrasive grain, 3 ... Binder (crosslinking formed with binder), 4 ... Pore, 5 ... Chip, 6 ... Filling Agent.

Claims (11)

"Abrasive grains containing any of alumina-based, silicon carbide-based, diamond, or CBN"
It is made by firing raw materials prepared with “inorganic, metallic, or inorganic / metallic mixed binder”
In a grindstone having an optical microstructure in which a number of abrasive grains are cross-linked with each other by a binder,
A filler is added to the formulation of the abrasive and the binder, and the fine particles of the filler are dispersed in the binder crosslinking.
The melting point of the filler is higher than the firing temperature of the grindstone,
A grindstone for laser truing / dressing, wherein the filler is a substance that evaporates or sublimates at a temperature lower than the melting point of the binder when irradiated with laser light. The binder is an inorganic binder, and the firing temperature is 600 ° C. to 800 ° C.,
Its melting point is higher than 1600 ° C,
And the filler is an alkaline earth metal, preferably Ca or Mg,
The laser truing dressing according to claim 1, wherein the melting point of the filler is higher than the baking temperature of the binder, and the evaporation point of the filler is lower than the melting point of the binder. Whetstone. The binder is a metallic binder, and the firing temperature is 650 ° C. to 700 ° C.,
Its melting point is higher than 1300 ° C,
And the filler is a metal halide, preferably FeCl ₂ , CoCl ₂ , or CsCl ₂ ,
The laser truing dressing according to claim 1, wherein the melting point of the filler is higher than the baking temperature of the binder, and the evaporation point of the filler is lower than the melting point of the binder. Whetstone. "Abrasive grains containing any of alumina-based, silicon carbide-based, diamond, or CBN"
A grindstone having a microscopic structure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked by a binder, which is made by firing raw materials formulated with "inorganic, metallic, or inorganic / metallic mixed binders". In the method of dressing by irradiating laser light,
In the preparation of the abrasive grains and the binder, a filler is added in advance, and the filler fine particles are dispersed in the binder crosslinking.
A relatively weak laser beam is irradiated on the work surface of the grindstone for a relatively short time to vaporize and remove the filler in the binder, and a chip pocket is formed by the cavity where the filler has disappeared. A laser dressing method characterized by. "Abrasive grains containing any of alumina-based, silicon carbide-based, diamond, or CBN"
A grindstone having an optical microscope structure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked with each other by firing a raw material prepared by blending "inorganic, metallic, or inorganic / metallic mixed binder" In a method of truing by irradiating a laser beam on
In the preparation of the abrasive grains and the binder, a filler is added in advance, and the filler fine particles are dispersed in the binder crosslinking.
By irradiating the processing surface of the grindstone with a relatively strong laser beam for a relatively long time to vaporize the filler in the binder, the crosslinking of the binder is broken, and the abrasive grains on the surface of the grindstone fall off. Laser truing method, characterized in that it is removed by "Abrasive grains containing any of alumina-based, silicon carbide-based, diamond, or CBN"
In a grindstone having a microscopic structure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked by a binder, which is obtained by firing a raw material prepared by blending "inorganic, metallic or inorganic / metallic mixed binder" ,
A filler is added to the formulation of the abrasive and the binder, and the fine particles of the filler are dispersed in the binder crosslinking.
A grindstone for laser truing / dressing, wherein the thermal expansion coefficient (linear expansion) of the filler is 1.1 times or more that of the binder. The binder is an inorganic binder;
And the filler is a metal oxide, preferably Al ₂ O ₃ , BeO, Cr ₂ O ₃ , or MgO,
7. The binder cross-linkage according to claim 6, wherein the binder cross-linkage containing the filler is broken by a difference in thermal expansion when the temperature is raised by irradiation with laser light. Whetstone for laser truing dressing. "Abrasive grains containing any of alumina-based, silicon carbide-based, diamond, or CBN"
Laser light is applied to a grindstone having an optical microscope structure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked by a binder, which is made by firing a raw material prepared by blending “inorganic or inorganic / metallic mixed binder”. In the method of dressing by irradiation,
In advance, by adding a filler having a thermal expansion coefficient (linear expansion) of 1.1 times or more compared to the binder and firing, the filler fine particles are dispersed in the binder crosslinking,
Irradiate the grinding wheel with a relatively weak laser beam to raise the temperature of the surface layer of the “binding agent containing filler”
Laser dressing characterized in that a minute crack is generated in the binder bridge due to a difference in thermal expansion, the binder bridge on the grinding wheel surface layer is removed, and a chip pocket is formed by a cavity where the binder bridge has been lost. Method. "Abrasive grains containing any of alumina-based, silicon carbide-based, diamond, or CBN"
Laser light is applied to a grindstone that has a microscopic structure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked by a binder, which is made by firing raw materials formulated with "inorganic or inorganic / metallic mixed binder" In the truing method,
In advance, by adding a filler having a thermal expansion coefficient (linear expansion) of 1.1 times or more compared to the binder and firing, the filler fine particles are dispersed in the binder crosslinking,
Irradiate a relatively strong laser beam to the grindstone to raise the temperature of the “binder containing filler”,
A laser truing method characterized by destroying the binder cross-linking of the grindstone surface layer portion due to a difference in thermal expansion and dropping off the abrasive grains supported by the binder cross-linking. "Abrasive grains containing any of alumina-based, silicon carbide-based, diamond, or CBN"
In a grindstone having a microscopic structure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked by a binder, which is made by firing a raw material prepared by blending "inorganic, metallic, or inorganic / metallic mixed binder" ,
A “substance that oxidizes and becomes a gas when heated in an oxidizing atmosphere” is added to the binder, preferably a filler made of graphite, carbon nanotubes, or carbon nanofibers. A grindstone for laser truing / dressing, characterized in that fine particles of filler are dispersed. "Abrasive grains containing any of alumina-based, silicon carbide-based, diamond, or CBN"
A grindstone having a microscopic structure in which a large number of abrasive grains are cross-linked by a binder, which is made by firing raw materials formulated with "inorganic, metallic, or inorganic / metallic mixed binders". In the method of truing and / or dressing by irradiating a laser beam, the “a filler that is oxidized to become a gas” in advance, preferably graphite, carbon nanotubes, or carbon nanofibers in the preparation of the abrasive grains and the binder. To disperse the filler fine particles in the binder cross-linkage,
By irradiating the processing surface of the grindstone with a relatively strong laser beam, the filler in the cross-linking binder is oxidized and removed to destroy the cross-linking of the binder, causing the abrasive grains on the surface of the whetstone to fall off. Truing and
And / or by irradiating a relatively weak laser beam to oxidize and remove the filler in the cross-linking agent, thereby forming a chip pocket by the cavity of the trace of the removed filler and dressing. Characteristic laser truing dressing method.

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