JP2005095561A - Mounting type action assisting device, and method and program for controlling the device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an mounting type action assisting device for suppressing a strange feeling to be given to an mounting person as much as possible, and to provide a method for controlling the device, and its program. <P>SOLUTION: The mounting type action assisting device for assisting the action of the mounting person or taking care of it comprises: an action assisting harness 2 having an actuator 201 for giving power to the mounting person 1; a biological signal sensor 221 for detecting the biological signal of the person 1; a biological signal processing means 3 for acquiring nerve transmission signal for moving the musculoskeletal system of the person 1 and a muscular potential signal accompanied with muscular activity, from the biological signal which is detected by the biological signal sensor; a voluntary control means 4 for generating a command signal to generate in the actuator 201 power which follows the intention of the person 1, through the use of the nerve transmission signal and the muscular potential signal acquired by the biological signal processing means 3; and a driving current generating means 5 for generating current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal and current corresponding to the muscular potential signal respectively to supply the same to the actuator 201, based on the command signal generated by the voluntary control means 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a wearable movement assist device that assists or substitutes for a wearer's movement, a control method for the wearable movement assist device, and a control program. The present invention relates to a control method for a device, a wearable motion assist device, and a control program.

  For the physically handicapped and the elderly, even if it is a healthy person, even a simple operation can be very difficult. To date, various auxiliary devices have been developed and put to practical use. In such an auxiliary device, a wearer rides like a wheelchair or a nursing bed, and an actuator such as a motor is driven by a switch to assist a shortage of force. And a device that assists the force required for operation. A so-called wearable motion assist device worn by humans can generate the necessary power at any time based on the wearer's intention and does not require a caregiver. It is very convenient for rehabilitation of sick people and is expected to be put to practical use. As such a wearable movement assist device, the myoelectric potential signal accompanying the wearer's muscle activity is detected, and the actuator is arbitrarily controlled according to the wearer's intention by driving the actuator based on the detection result. An apparatus has been proposed (Non-Patent Document 1).

  By the way, in the wearing type movement assist device, there is a problem that the operation becomes awkward if the timing for applying the power for movement assistance to the wearer is not in harmony with the movement of the wearer, and the so-called discomfort is given to the wearer. Here, it is known that in order to harmonize the timing of power application with the movement of the wearer, it is necessary to make the timing earlier by a required minute time than the movement of the wearer.

  However, in the wearable movement assist device of Non-Patent Document 1, since the process for generating power to the actuator is started after detecting the myoelectric potential signal from the wearer, the timing of applying power is higher than the movement of the wearer. There was a risk that the wearer might feel uncomfortable with the delay. Therefore, conventionally, human actions are classified into a plurality of patterns (tasks), and each task is divided into a plurality of predetermined minimum operation units (phases), and a current having a preset magnitude is supplied for each phase. Thus, an apparatus for driving and controlling the actuator has been proposed (for example, Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3).

  In these wearable movement assist devices, the wearer's task phase is estimated based on physical quantities such as joint angles detected from the wearer, and the actuator is controlled (autonomous control) according to the estimated phase. The uncomfortable feeling caused by the delay in the timing of power application is reduced.

Takao Nakai, Suwoong Lee, Hiroaki Kawamoto and Yoshiyuki Sankai, "Development of Power Assistive Leg for Walking Aid using EMG and Linux," Second Asian Symposium on Industrial Automation and Robotics, BITECH, Bangkok, Thailand, May 17-18, 2001 "Predictive Control Estimating Operator's Intention for Stepping-up Motion by Exo-Skeleton Type Power Assist System HAL," Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE / RSJ, International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, Maui, Hawaii, Oct. 29-Nov. 03, 2001, pp. 1578-1583 Hideo Lee, Yoshiyuki Sankai, “Power Assist Control for Standing and Walking Using Phase Sequence and EMG”, Proceedings of the 19th Annual Conference of the Robotics Society of Japan (2001)

  However, in the control system of the wearable motion assisting device of Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3, since it is based on autonomous control, when an unexpected motion change such as a stumbling occurs, the phase of the corresponding task is changed. Switching could not be performed smoothly, and there was a risk of giving the wearer a noticeable discomfort.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a wearable motion assist device, a control method for the wearable motion assist device, and a control program that can suppress discomfort given to the wearer as much as possible.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, the wearable motion assisting device that assists or substitutes for the motion of the wearer,
An operation assisting wearing device having an actuator for applying power to the wearer;
A biological signal sensor for detecting a biological signal of the wearer;
A biological signal processing means for acquiring a nerve transmission signal for operating the wearer's musculoskeletal system and a myoelectric potential signal associated with muscle activity from the biological signal detected by the biological signal sensor;
Optional control means for generating a command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to the intention of the wearer, using a nerve transmission signal and a myoelectric potential signal acquired by the biological signal processing means;
Drive current generation means for generating a current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal and a drive current corresponding to the myoelectric potential signal based on the command signal generated by the optional control means, and supplying the current to the actuator. It is characterized by that.

The control method of the wearable motion assist device is as follows:
In a state where an operation assisting wearing device having an actuator for applying power to the wearer is worn by the wearer,
Detecting a biological signal of the wearer,
From the detected biological signal, obtain a nerve transmission signal for operating the wearer's musculoskeletal system and a myoelectric potential signal accompanying muscle activity,
Using the acquired nerve transmission signal and myoelectric potential signal, generating an optional command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to the intention of the wearer,
Based on the generated arbitrary command signal, a current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal and a current corresponding to the myoelectric potential signal are respectively supplied to the actuator.

Further, the control program for the wearable motion assisting device is stored in a computer for controlling the actuator.
Processing for detecting the wearer's biological signal;
A process for acquiring a nerve transmission signal for operating the wearer's musculoskeletal system and a myoelectric potential signal associated with muscle activity from the biological signal;
Using the acquired nerve transmission signal and myoelectric potential signal, a process for generating an optional command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to the intention of the wearer;
Based on the generated optional command signal, a current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal and a current corresponding to the myoelectric potential signal are respectively generated and processed to be supplied to the actuator.

  The wearable movement assist device of the first embodiment preferably includes a physical quantity sensor that detects a physical quantity related to the wearer's movement. The biological signal processing means includes means for amplifying a biological signal composed of the nerve transmission signal and a myoelectric potential signal, a first filter for extracting the nerve transmission signal from the biological signal, and the muscle from the biological signal. It is preferable to have a second filter for extracting a potential signal.

  In the wearable motion assist device according to the first embodiment, the drive current generation means includes a total of a pulse current generated according to the nerve transmission signal and a current generated so as to be substantially proportional to the myoelectric potential signal. It is preferable that an electric current is supplied to the actuator and the operation of the actuator is started by the pulse current.

  In the wearable motion assisting device of the first embodiment, when the drive current generating means starts supplying current to the actuator, the drive current generating means is larger than the lower limit value of the current that can drive the actuator. It is preferable to generate the pulse current or the total current.

  In the wearable movement assist device of the first embodiment, each reference parameter of a series of minimum movement units (phases) constituting a movement pattern of a wearer classified as a task, and a power application rate (power assist rate) by the actuator ), And the optional control means compares the physical quantity detected by the physical quantity sensor with a reference parameter stored in the database, so that the wearer Estimate the phase of the task that is going to be performed, specify the power assist rate according to this phase based on the correspondence, and generate a command signal for causing the actuator to generate the power that becomes the power assist rate It is preferable.

  In the wearable movement assist device according to the first embodiment, when the wearer operates with reflexes, the drive current generation unit generates a current for driving the actuator in a direction opposite to the operation for a predetermined time. It is preferable to supply a current for driving the actuator in the direction of the operation after supplying only the current.

  In the control method for the wearable movement assist device of the first embodiment, the actuator calculates a total current of a pulse current generated according to the nerve transmission signal and a current generated so as to be substantially proportional to the myoelectric potential signal. Preferably, the operation of the actuator is started by supplying the pulse current.

  In the control method for the wearing-type motion assisting device according to the first embodiment, when the supply of current to the actuator is started, the pulse current or the pulse current or the current is set to be larger than the lower limit value of the current that can drive the actuator. It is preferable to supply the total current.

  In the control method for the wearable movement assist device of the first embodiment, the physical quantity related to the wearer's movement is further detected, and the detected physical quantity signal and a series of minimums constituting each movement pattern of the wearer classified as a task By comparing each reference parameter of the operation unit (phase), the phase of the task that the wearer is going to perform is estimated, and a required power application rate (power assist rate) corresponding to this phase is obtained. It is preferable that an optional command signal for generating power in the actuator is generated, a drive current corresponding to the optional command signal is generated, and supplied to the actuator.

  In the control method for the wearable movement assist device according to the first embodiment, when the wearer operates by reflexes, after supplying a current for driving the actuator in a direction opposite to the operation for a predetermined time, It is preferable to supply a current for driving the actuator in the direction of the operation.

  In the control program for the wearable movement assist device of the first embodiment, the computer generates a pulse current generated according to the nerve transmission signal and a current generated so as to be substantially proportional to the myoelectric potential signal. It is preferable to supply a total current to the actuator and to perform a process for starting the operation of the actuator by supplying the pulse current.

  In the control program for the wearing-type motion assisting device according to the first embodiment, when the supply of current to the actuator is started, the computer is set to be larger than the lower limit value of the current that can drive the actuator. It is preferable to perform processing for setting the pulse current or the total current.

  In the control program for the wearable movement assist device according to the first embodiment, the computer includes, in the computer, a reference parameter for each of a series of minimum movement units (phases) constituting a wearer movement pattern classified as a task, and the actuator. The process for accessing the database storing the power application rate (power assist rate) by the required correspondence relationship, the process for detecting the physical quantity related to the wearer's movement, and the detected physical quantity, By comparing with the reference parameters stored in the database, the phase of the task that the wearer is going to perform is estimated, the power assist rate corresponding to this phase is defined based on the correspondence, and the power assist It is preferable to perform processing for generating the power to be There.

  In the control program for the wearable movement assist device according to the first embodiment, when the wearer operates by reflexes, the computer is provided with a drive current for driving the actuator in the opposite direction of the operation. It is preferable that processing for supplying a drive current for driving the actuator in the direction of the operation is performed after the supply for the period of time.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, the wearable movement assist device that assists or substitutes for the movement of the wearer,
An operation assisting wearing device having an actuator for applying power to the wearer;
A biological signal sensor for detecting a biological signal of the wearer;
A physical quantity sensor for detecting a physical quantity related to the movement of the wearer;
Optional control means for generating a command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to the intention of the wearer, using a biological signal detected by the biological signal sensor;
A database that stores reference parameters for each of a series of minimum motion units (phases) constituting the motion pattern of the wearer classified as a task;
A command for estimating a phase of the wearer's task by comparing a physical quantity detected by the physical quantity sensor with a reference parameter stored in the database, and causing the actuator to generate power corresponding to the phase. An autonomous control means for generating a signal;
A signal synthesis means for synthesizing a command signal from the optional control means and a command signal from the autonomous control means;
Drive current generating means for generating a total current corresponding to the total command signal synthesized by the signal synthesizing means and supplying the total current to the actuator.

The control method of the wearable movement assist device is as follows:
In a state where an operation assisting wearing device having an actuator for applying power to the wearer is worn by the wearer,
Detecting physical quantities of the wearer's biological signal and the wearer's movement,
Using the detected biological signal, generate an optional command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to the wearer's intention,
Estimate the phase of the task that the wearer is trying to perform by comparing the detected physical quantity with the reference parameters of each of the series of minimum motion units (phases) that make up the wearer's movement pattern classified as a task. And generating an autonomous command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to this phase,
Combining these generated voluntary command signals and autonomous signals,
A current corresponding to the synthesized total command signal is generated and supplied to the actuator.

In the control program for the wearable motion assist device, the computer for controlling the actuator includes:
A process for detecting a physical quantity relating to the wearer's biological signal and the operation of the wearer, respectively;
A process for generating an optional command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to the intention of the wearer using the detected biological signal;
By comparing the detected physical quantity with reference parameters of each of a series of minimum operation units (phases) constituting the operation pattern of the wearer classified as a task, the phase that the wearer is going to perform is estimated, Processing for generating an optional command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to this phase;
A current corresponding to a total command signal obtained by synthesizing the generated arbitrary command signal and autonomous command signal is generated, and processing for supplying the current to the actuator is performed.

  In the wearable motion assisting device of the second embodiment, the database is configured such that a ratio (hybrid ratio) between a command signal from the optional control means and a command signal from the autonomous control means is a reference parameter of the phase. And the signal synthesis means, according to the phase of the task estimated by the autonomous control means, the hybrid ratio specified based on the correspondence relation, Preferably, the command signal from the optional control means and the command signal from the autonomous control means are combined.

  In the wearable movement assist device according to the second embodiment, a nerve transmission signal for operating the wearer's musculoskeletal system and a myoelectric potential signal associated with muscle activity are acquired from the biological signal detected by the biological signal sensor. It is preferable that the driving current generation unit starts the operation of the actuator by supplying a pulse current generated according to the nerve transmission signal acquired by the biological signal processing unit.

  In the wearable motion assist device of the second embodiment, when the drive current generating means starts to supply current to the actuator, the drive current generating means is larger than the lower limit value of the current that can drive the actuator. It is preferable to generate the pulse current or the total current.

  In the wearable motion assist device of the second embodiment, the database stores the reference parameters of the phases and the required power application rate (power assist rate) by the actuator so as to have a required correspondence relationship. The signal synthesizing unit defines a power assist rate according to the phase of the task estimated by the autonomous control unit based on the correspondence relation, and the optional control unit sets the power assist rate to satisfy the power assist rate. It is preferable to synthesize the command signal and the command signal from the autonomous control means.

  In the wearable movement assist device according to the second embodiment, when the wearer is operated by reflexes, the drive current generating means generates a current for driving the actuator in a direction opposite to the movement for a predetermined time. It is preferable to supply a current for driving the actuator in the direction of the operation after supplying only the current.

  In the control method for the wearable motion assisting device of the second embodiment, the ratio (hybrid ratio) between the voluntary command signal and the autonomous command signal is a required correspondence with each reference parameter of the phase. Preferably, the hybrid ratio corresponding to the estimated task phase is defined based on the correspondence relationship, and the total command signal is synthesized so as to be the hybrid ratio.

  In the control method of the wearable motion assist device of the second embodiment, the neurotransmission signal is set to be larger than the lower limit value of the current that can drive the actuator when the supply of the current to the actuator is started. It is preferable to supply a current corresponding to the current or a total current of the current and the current corresponding to the myoelectric potential signal.

  In the control method for the wearable movement assist device of the second embodiment, the ratio of power to be given to the wearer (power assist rate) is associated in advance with each reference parameter of the phase, and the estimated task The total command signal is preferably set so that the power assist rate according to the phase is obtained.

  In the control method of the wearable movement assist device according to the second embodiment, when the wearer moves by reflexes, a drive current for driving the actuator in the opposite direction of the movement is generated for a predetermined time. It is preferable to drive the actuator in the direction of the operation later.

In the control program for the wearable movement assist device of the second embodiment, the computer for controlling the actuator includes:
A process for accessing a database in which a ratio (hybrid ratio) between the voluntary command signal and the autonomous command signal is stored so as to have a required correspondence with each reference parameter of the phase, and the detected By comparing the physical quantity with the reference parameter stored in the database, the phase of the task that the wearer is going to perform is estimated, and the hybrid ratio corresponding to this phase is defined based on the correspondence relationship, It is preferable to perform processing for synthesizing the total command signal so as to obtain a hybrid ratio.

  In the control program for the wearable motion assist device of the second embodiment, when starting supplying the current to the actuator to the computer, the program is set to be larger than the lower limit value of the current that can drive the actuator. It is preferable to perform processing for setting the pulse current or the total current.

  In the control program for the wearable movement assist device according to the second embodiment, each of the reference parameters of a series of minimum operation units (phases) constituting the wearer's movement pattern classified as a task is stored in the computer. The total command signal is set so as to obtain a power assist rate corresponding to the estimated task phase and a process for accessing a database stored in association with the ratio of power to be applied to the power (power assist rate) It is preferable to perform the process for this.

  In the control program for the wearable movement assist device according to the second embodiment, when the wearer operates by reflexes, the computer is provided with a drive current for driving the actuator in a direction opposite to the operation. It is preferable that processing for driving the actuator in the direction of the operation is performed after the generation of the time.

  In the first embodiment, a myoelectric potential signal and a nerve transmission signal preceding or positioned at the head of the myoelectric potential signal are acquired from the biological signal, and the acquired nerve transmission signal is used as a signal for starting driving the actuator. By using it as a (trigger signal), the actuator can be operated quickly when the current supply to the actuator is started. For this reason, a smooth operation with no sense of incongruity can be obtained without feeling a delay at the start of the wearable movement assist device.

  In the second embodiment, an optional command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to the wearer's intention, and the phase of the task estimated by comparing the detected physical quantity with the reference parameter stored in the database. Since the autonomous command signal for causing the actuator to generate motive power according to the above is synthesized, the actuator can be started to operate quickly, and an optional operation can be performed smoothly without a sense of incongruity.

  Further, in the second embodiment, by controlling the hybrid ratio between the voluntary command signal and the autonomous command signal, optimal operation assistance is performed for the wearer's muscle strength and the like without delay in starting power assistance. Can do. If the hybrid ratio stored in the database is extracted for each phase, the hybrid ratio can be automatically changed. Thereby, it is possible to move more smoothly with a hybrid ratio suitable for each operation.

  In any embodiment, the total current of the pulse current generated according to the nerve transmission signal and the current generated so as to be substantially proportional to the myoelectric potential signal is supplied to the actuator, and the operation of the actuator is performed by supplying the pulse current. By starting the operation, it is possible to prevent a delay in the start of driving of the actuator. Further, when the pulse current or the total current is less than the current at which actuator driving can be started, the nerve current is transmitted by amplifying the pulse current so that the pulse current or the total current becomes equal to or higher than the current at which actuator driving can be started. The actuator can be started in response to the signal accurately.

  In any of the embodiments, when performing an operation by reflexes, the actuator is driven for a predetermined time in the opposite direction immediately before driving in the operation direction, so that the operation is smoothly performed by using the reflexes of the wearer. can do.

  In addition, by generating the power with the power assist rate according to the phase of the task estimated by comparing the physical quantity and the reference parameter, an optimum power is given to the wearer with different physical strength. Can power assist.

  Using the wearable movement assist device of the present invention having the above features, even those who do not have sufficient muscle strength to perform physical movements or who have difficulty in physical movements, such as persons with physical disabilities and elderly persons Smooth operation can be performed without a sense of incongruity. Also, even those who have heavy equipment to perform dangerous work such as disposal of explosives will be light as if there is no heavy equipment if they are equipped with the wearable movement assist device of the present invention. Can work.

  Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated for every embodiment, the characteristic of each embodiment is applicable also to other embodiment unless there is particular notice.

[1] First embodiment
(A) Configuration of Wearable Motion Aid Device The wearable motion assist device of the first embodiment includes an motion assisting wearing device having an actuator, a biological signal sensor for detecting a wearer's biological signal, a nerve transmission signal, and Biological signal processing means for acquiring a myoelectric potential signal from a biological signal, and optional control means for generating a command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to the wearer's intention using the nerve transmission signal and myoelectric potential signal; Drive current generating means for generating a current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal and the myoelectric potential signal based on the command signal from the optional control means and supplying the current to the actuator. When the actuator generates power having a power assist rate corresponding to the phase of the task that the wearer is going to perform, the wearable movement assisting device is provided with a physical quantity sensor that detects a physical quantity related to the wearer's movement.

(1) Drive System FIG. 1 schematically shows an example drive system (hard system). This wearable movement assist device has a movement assist wearing tool 2 (not shown in the figure of one leg) that is worn on the lower body of a human (hereinafter also referred to as a wearer) 1 and a biological signal from the lower half (eg, thigh). A biological signal sensor 221 to be detected; a centroid sensor 222 that is attached to the sole of the foot to detect the centroid of the wearer 1; and a biological signal that acquires a nerve transmission signal and a myoelectric potential signal from the biological signal detected by the biological signal sensor 221. The processing means 3, a control device 20 for controlling the driving of the actuator 201 of the auxiliary motion wearing tool 2 based on the nerve transmission signal and the myoelectric potential signal, and a power source (battery) for supplying power to the control device 20, the actuator 201, etc. , External power source) 21.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the movement assisting wearing device 2 includes a waist joint 203a that rotatably joins the upper arm 202a and the intermediate arm 202b, and a knee joint 203b that rotatably joins the intermediate arm 202b and the lower arm 202c. And a heel joint 203c that rotatably joins the lower arm 202c and the heel part 205, an actuator 201a provided on the waist joint 203a, and an actuator 201b provided on the knee joint 203b. Fixing tools 205a and 205b such as a velcro tape fixed to the thigh and calf of the wearer 1 are attached to the intermediate arm 202b and the lower arm 202c. Each actuator 201a, 201b comprises a motor and a reduction gear.

  The upper arm 202a is fixed to a waist part 204 that is wound around and fixed to the body of the wearer 1. A projection 204a that opens up and down is provided on the upper edge of the back side of the waist 204, and a bottom projection 220a of a bag 220 that houses the control device 20, the power source 21, and the like is provided in the opening of the projection 204a. Engage. In this way, the load of the bag 220 is received by the waist portion 204. The heel portion 205 has an integral shape that completely covers the heel of the wearer 1, and one side wall thereof extends higher than the other side wall, and a heel joint 203 c is attached to the upper end portion thereof. For this reason, the loads of the motion assisting wearing device 2 and the bag 220 are all supported by the heel portion 205 and are not applied to the wearer 1.

(2) Control System FIG. 3 shows a control system of the wearable movement assist device of the first embodiment. The wearer 1 and the motion assisting wearing tool 2 constitute a human machine system 10. The control device 20 also has optional control means 4. A biological signal sensor 221 for detecting a biological signal of the wearer 1 is connected to the input terminal of the optional control means 4, and a drive current generating means 5 is connected to the output terminal of the optional control means 4. is there.
The drive current generating means 5 is connected to actuators 201a and 201b (hereinafter collectively referred to as actuator 201) of the motion assisting wearing tool 2.

(a) Sensor The wearing-type motion assisting device of the first embodiment requires a biological signal sensor 221 that detects a biological signal from the wearer 1 when worn on the human 1. The biological signal sensor 221 is usually attached to the skin of the wearer 1, but may be embedded in the body. In addition, it is preferable to have a center of gravity sensor 222 as shown in FIG. For example, a plurality of center-of-gravity sensors 222 are affixed to the soles of the feet, and the motion direction of the human body can be predicted by detecting which center-of-gravity sensor 222 has the most weight. Further, in order to improve the control accuracy, for example, (1) a sensor (force sensor, torque sensor, current sensor, angle sensor, angular velocity sensor, acceleration sensor, floor for obtaining a signal indicating the operation state of the wearer 1) Reaction force sensors, etc.), (2) sensors (CCD, laser sensors, infrared sensors, ultrasonic sensors, etc.) for obtaining external information (for example, the presence or absence of obstacles), (3) nerve transmission signals and myoelectric potential signals Sensors (body temperature sensor, pulse sensor, electroencephalogram sensor, electrocardiographic sensor, sweat sensor, etc.) for obtaining other biological signals can be provided. Since these sensors are known per se, their respective explanations are omitted.

(b) Biological signal processing means The biological signal detected by the biological signal sensor 221 has a nerve transmission signal and a myoelectric potential signal. The neurotransmission signal can be said to be a communication signal, and (i) precedes the myoelectric potential signal [see FIG. 4 (a)], or (ii) overlaps the leading portion of the myoelectric potential signal [FIG. 4 (b). )reference]. Since the frequency of the nerve transmission signal is generally higher than that of the myoelectric signal, it can be separated by using different bandpass filters. The nerve transmission signal can be taken out by a band pass filter 32 of a high band (for example, 33 Hz to several kHz) after the biological signal is amplified by the amplifier 31, and the myoelectric potential signal is amplified by the amplifier 31. Thereafter, it can be taken out by a band pass filter 33 having a middle band (for example, 33 Hz to 500 Hz). In FIGS. 4A and 4B, the filters are connected in parallel. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and both filters may be connected in series. Further, the nerve transmission signal may overlap not only at the head portion of the myoelectric potential signal but also at the head portion and thereafter. In this case, only the head portion of the nerve transmission signal may be used for generating a pulse current described later.

  Smoothing processing is performed on the nerve transmission signal and the myoelectric potential signal. Each current in FIG. 4 (a) and FIG. 4 (b) is generated by the drive current generation means 5 with the command signal obtained by smoothing the signal from the biological signal processing means 3 as an input. Since the nerve transmission signal has a narrow width as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the smoothing alone becomes a pulse shape, and the current generated by the drive current generating means 5 based on this nerve transmission signal also becomes a pulse shape. The current (pulse current) obtained based on the nerve transmission signal may be a rectangular wave. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the myoelectric potential signal has a wide width, so that it becomes a mountain shape that is substantially proportional to the myoelectric potential by smoothing. The generated current also has a mountain shape.

  When the total current of the pulse current generated based on the nerve transmission signal and the current generated proportionally based on the myoelectric potential signal is supplied to the actuator 201, the torque having a magnitude proportional to the total current is supplied. Is generated by the actuator 201. Here, in either case of FIG. 4 (a) or FIG. 4 (b), the total current is set to rise with a sufficiently large current, so that the actuator 201 is driven without delay to the wearer's intention to operate. Thus, the wearer 1 can perform an operation according to his / her intention without a sense of incongruity. Note that the pulse currents are particularly large in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), but this is for emphasizing their role, and the drive currents obtained from the actual pulse currents and myoelectric potential signals. It does not indicate the relationship. The magnitude of each current can be appropriately set according to the sense of the wearer 1 during operation.

(c) Optional control means The optional control means 4 has a function of generating a command signal for causing the actuator 201 to generate power according to the intention of the wearer 1 using a nerve transmission signal and a myoelectric potential signal. Proportional control can be applied as a control law in the optional control means 4. By the proportional control, the command signal value and the drive current value have a proportional relationship, and further, the drive current value and the generated torque value of the actuator 201 have a proportional relationship due to the characteristics of the actuator 201. Therefore, the power assist rate can be controlled to a desired value by generating a required command signal by the optional control means 4. As a control law in the optional control means 4, a combination of proportional control and differential control and / or integral control may be applied.

  Here, the power assist rate is a distribution rate between the force generated by the wearer 1 and the force generated by the wearing tool 2, and is adjusted manually or automatically. This power assist rate may be a positive value or a negative value. In the case of a positive assist rate, the generated force of the wearer 2 is added to the generated force of the wearer 1, but in the case of a negative assist rate, the generated force of the wearer 2 is subtracted from the generated force of the wearer 1 ( That is, a load is applied to the wearer 1), and the wearer 1 must generate a force greater than normal.

(d) Drive current generating means When the command signal from the optional control means 4 is input, the drive current generating means 5 responds to the current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal and the myoelectric potential signal based on the command signal. Each of the drive currents is generated and supplied to the actuator 201, thereby driving the actuator 201.

(B) Control Method and Control Program In a preferred example of the control method of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the motion assisting wearing device 2 having the actuator 201 for applying power to the wearer 1 is provided to the human 1. It wears (ST501) and detects the biological signal of the wearer 1 (ST502). As shown in FIG. 4, a nerve transmission signal and a myoelectric potential signal are acquired from the biological signal by the biological signal processing means 3 (ST503), and according to the intention of the wearer 1 using the acquired nerve transmission signal and myoelectric potential signal. An optional command signal for generating power in the actuator 201 is generated (ST504). This optional command signal includes a command signal for generating a pulse current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal and a command signal for generating a drive current proportional to the myoelectric potential signal. By inputting each command signal to the drive current generation means 5, a current to be supplied to the actuator 201 is generated by the drive current generation means 5. Other signals (for example, signals obtained from sensors other than the biological signal sensor 221 described in the first embodiment) can also be used to generate the optional command signal. In the following embodiments, the same signals as described above can be used as other signals unless otherwise specified.

  Since the current that can drive the actuator 201 has a lower limit (threshold value), the pulse current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal (when the pulse current and the drive current are not superimposed), or the pulse current and the drive current (pulse current and If the total current is less than the lower limit value, the pulse current does not help start driving the actuator 201 quickly, and the actuator 201 starts driving until the drive current reaches the lower limit value. do not do. In this case, a considerable delay occurs between the time when the cerebrum of the wearer 1 issues an operation start signal (neural transmission signal) and the start of the motion assisting device, and the discomfort given to the wearer 1 becomes large. In order to eliminate this, it is preferable to start driving the actuator 201 immediately according to the pulse current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal.

  In addition, since each arm 202 and each joint 203 of the actuator 201 and the motion assisting wearing tool 2 has a moment of inertia, in order to assist the motion without delay of the intention of the wearer 1, a quick rising torque is generated in the actuator 201. It is preferable to make it. In order to realize these, in the present embodiment, when the pulse current 82 and the drive current 81 do not overlap as shown in FIG. 6a, and when the pulse current 83 and the drive current 81 overlap as shown in FIG. In any case, if the pulse current 82 (or pulse current 83 + drive current 81) is not equal to or greater than the lower limit value It of the actuator 201 drive start possible current (No in ST505), the pulse current 82 (or pulse current 83 + drive current) The pulse currents 82 and 83 are amplified so that 81) becomes equal to or greater than the lower limit value It of the drive start possible current (ST505a). Moreover, the widths of the pulse currents 82 and 83 are increased as necessary (longer than the time corresponding to the nerve transmission signal) so that the actuator 201 can be reliably started. As a result, it is possible to reliably start the actuator 201 by supplying the pulse currents 82 and 83 according to the nerve transmission signal (ST506).

  After driving the actuator 201 in this way, when the driving torque is generated in the actuator 201 so as to be proportional to the driving current 81 corresponding to the myoelectric potential signal (ST507), the operation according to the intention of the wearer 1 is power-assisted. be able to.

  In order to execute the control, a process for detecting a biological signal (ST502), a process for acquiring a nerve transmission signal and a myoelectric potential signal from the biological signal (ST503), and using the acquired nerve transmission signal and myoelectric potential signal, Processing for generating an optional command signal for generating power according to the intention of the wearer 1 in the actuator 201 (ST504), and based on the generated optional command signal, a pulse current and muscle corresponding to the nerve transmission signal A control program for generating a drive current corresponding to the potential signal and supplying the drive current to the actuator 201 (ST506, ST507) is transmitted to the control device 20 (for example, CPU, hard disk and A storage device such as a RAM and a computer such as a personal computer having an input / output device. The control device 20 can be stored in the bag 220, but if necessary, it is arranged outside the wearable motion assist device so that signals can be transmitted to and received from the wearable motion assist device wirelessly. May be.

  FIG. 7 shows a task phase estimated from a physical quantity related to the motion of the wearer 1 when performing optional control of the actuator 201 in the wearing-type motion assisting device of the first embodiment, and the power corresponding to the estimated phase. An example will be shown in which an actuator generates power to become an assist rate. In the wearable motion assisting device of FIG. 7, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as the wearable motion assisting device of FIG. 3, and similar reference numerals are given to similar parts.

  Before describing the details of the wearing-type motion assisting device in FIG. 7, a task and its phase will be described first. A task is a classification of each operation pattern of the wearer, and a phase is a series of minimum operation units constituting each task. FIG. 8 exemplifies walking (task A), rising (task B), sitting (task C), and ascending or descending stairs (task D) as basic actions of the human 1. It is not necessarily limited to. Each task consists of the above phases. For example, walking task A includes phase 1 in which both feet are aligned, phase 2 in which the right foot is in front, phase 3 in which the left foot is in front and both feet are aligned, and It consists of Phase 4 with the left foot in front. Such a series of phases is called a phase sequence. The power appropriate for assisting the wearer 1 is different for each phase. Therefore, by providing different power assist rates PAR1, PAR2, PAR3, and PAR4 to the phases 1 to 4, optimal operation assistance can be performed for each phase.

  Analyzing each person's movement shows that the rotation angle and angular velocity, walking speed and acceleration, posture, and movement of the center of gravity of each joint in each phase are determined. For example, the typical walking pattern of each person is determined, and it feels most natural when walking in that pattern. Therefore, if the rotation angle and angular velocity of each joint of each person are obtained empirically for all phases of all tasks and stored in the database as reference parameters (reference rotation angle and angular velocity, etc.). good.

  The wearable movement assist device of FIG. 8 includes a human machine system 10 including a wearer 1 and a movement assist wearing device 2, and a biosignal processing means 3 that acquires a nerve transmission signal and a myoelectric potential signal from the wearer 1 's biosignal. The physical quantity detected by the physical quantity sensor 13 together with the database 6 in which the power assist rate assigned to each phase and the like are stored together with the reference parameters of each phase, and biological signals (including nerve transmission signals and myoelectric potential signals) (Rotational angles and angular velocities of each joint, walking speed and acceleration, posture, movement of the center of gravity, etc., and signals from other sensors as necessary) are acquired, and the acquired physical quantities are compared with the reference parameters in the database 6 The optional control means 14 for generating the optional command signal (including power assist rate, etc.) obtained by the operation, and the operation according to the command signal of the optional control means 14 And a driving current generating unit 5 which generates a drive current of the actuator 201 of the auxiliary attachment 2.

  FIG. 9 shows the task that the wearer 1 is going to perform by comparing the physical quantity with the reference parameter, and the process of estimating the phases therein. The tasks and phases shown in FIG. 9 are those shown in FIG. Task A (walking), task B (rise), task C (sitting), etc., are illustrated as a series of phases (phase A1, phase A2, phase A3 ..., phase B1, phase B2, phase B3・ ・ Etc).

  When the wearer 1 starts the operation, the actual measurement values of various physical quantities obtained by the physical quantity sensor 13 are compared with the reference parameters stored in the database 6. This comparison is shown schematically in the graph in FIG. In this graph, knee rotation angle θ and angular velocity θ ′, waist rotation angle θ and angular velocity θ ′, and center of gravity position COG and center of gravity position moving speed COG ′ are shown. Of course, the physical quantities to be compared are limited to these. Not.

  The measured physical quantity is compared with the reference parameter at a fixed short time interval. The comparison is performed for a series of phases in all tasks (A, B, C...). That is, all the phases (A1, A2, A3..., B1, B2, B3..., C1, C2, C3...) Shown in the upper table of FIG. Will be compared.

As shown in the graph of FIG. 9, for example, when comparison is made for each time t ₁ , t ₂ , t ₃ ..., A phase having a reference parameter in which all physical quantities actually measured can be identified. In order to eliminate coincidence errors, phase identification may be performed after confirming coincidence in a plurality of times. For example, in the example shown in the figure, if the measured value matches the reference parameter of phase A1 at a plurality of times, it can be seen that the current operation is the operation of phase A1. Of course, the phase having the reference parameter that matches the actually measured value is not necessarily the first phase (A1, B1, C1, etc.) of the task.

  FIG. 10 shows a control method for controlling the power assist rate as another example of the first embodiment. Since ST601, ST602, and ST604 to 606 in FIG. 10 are substantially the same as ST501 to 505a in FIG. 5, description thereof is omitted, and here, the steps of ST607 to 612 are mainly described.

  The physical quantity of the human machine system 10 is detected by the physical quantity sensor 13 (ST603). The physical quantity sensor 13 for physical quantities such as rotation angle and angular velocity, walking speed and acceleration, and posture of each joint is attached to the motion assisting wearing device 2, but the physical quantity sensor 13 for physical quantities such as movement of the center of gravity is directly attached to the wearer 1. Is preferred.

  The physical quantity is sequentially compared with the reference parameter of each phase of each task stored in the database 6 (ST607). As described with reference to FIG. 9, since all tasks and their phases exist in a matrix form, measured values of physical quantities and reference parameters of each phase are set as, for example, A1, A2, A3,. Compare sequentially with B1, B2, B3..., C1, C2, C3. Since the reference parameters are set so that they do not overlap between all task phases (simply called “task / phase”), when comparing with the reference parameters of all task phases, The phase of the task having the matching reference parameter is known (ST608). Taking into account the measurement error of the actual measured value of the physical quantity, preset the number of matches required for the determination, and when that number is reached (ST609), estimate the task phase corresponding to the actual measured value of the physical quantity (ST610). By referring to the database 6, the power assist rate assigned to the phase corresponding to the operation to be assisted is defined, and the optional command signal is adjusted so that the actuator 201 generates the power that becomes the power assist rate ( ST611). The drive current generating means 5 generates a current (total current) according to the adjusted optional command signal, and drives the actuator 201 by supplying this total current (ST612).

  In order to execute the above control, a process of detecting a biological signal of the wearer 1 (ST602), a process of detecting a physical quantity of the human machine system 10 (ST603), the detected physical quantity, and each phase reference parameter for each task By comparing (ST607 to 609), the phase that the wearer is going to perform is estimated (ST610), and an optional command signal is generated so that the actuator generates power with a power assist rate corresponding to the estimated phase. A control program for performing a process (ST611) to be generated and a process (ST612) for generating a current corresponding to an optional command signal and supplying the current to the actuator is stored in the storage device of the control device 20A of the wearable movement assist device. To store.

  As described above, it is possible to perform smooth operation assistance by generating an optional command signal so that the power assist rate is optimized for each phase, and applying power according to this optional command signal. In addition, by starting the driving of the actuator with a pulse current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal, it is possible to assist the operation without causing a delay in starting the driving (no sense of incongruity).

[2] Second embodiment
(A) Configuration of Wearable Movement Auxiliary Device As illustrated in FIG. 11, the wearable movement assist device of the second embodiment includes a movement assist wearing device 2 having an actuator 201 and a biological signal of the wearer 1. In order to cause the actuator 201 to generate power according to the intention of the wearer 1 using the biological signal sensor 221 to be detected, the physical quantity sensor 13 for detecting the physical quantity of the human machine system 10, and the biological signal detected by the physical quantity sensor 13. A database that stores the reference parameters of each of a series of minimum operation units (phases) constituting each operation pattern of the wearer 1 classified as a task, and optional control means 14 for generating a command signal (optional command signal) 6 and the physical quantity detected by the physical quantity sensor 13 and the reference parameter stored in the database 6, the phase of the task of the wearer 1 is estimated and estimated. Autonomous control means 7 for generating a command signal (autonomous command signal) for causing the actuator 201 to generate power according to the phase, a command signal from the optional control means 4 and a command signal from the autonomous control means 7 And a drive current generating unit 5 that generates a current corresponding to the total command signal combined by the signal combining unit 8 and supplies the current to the actuator 201.

  The optional control means 14 itself may be the same as the optional control means 4 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), an optional command signal corresponding to the nerve transmission signal and the myoelectric potential signal is generated, and a pulse current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal is generated by the actuator 201. It is preferably used as a trigger signal for starting driving.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the autonomous control means 7 compares the physical quantity detected by the physical quantity sensor 13 with the reference parameters of each phase of each task stored in the database 6, so that the wearer 1 And a function of generating an autonomous command signal for causing the actuator 201 to generate power corresponding to this phase. Therefore, the description regarding FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 applies to the autonomous control means 7 as it is.

  The signal synthesizing means 8 synthesizes the optional command signal from the optional control means 14 and the autonomous command signal from the autonomous control means 7. In autonomous control, for example, constant power is applied for each phase. Therefore, the synthesized command signal has a waveform that causes the actuator 201 to generate power by voluntary control that changes from the start to the end of the operation and power obtained by adding power by a certain autonomous control for each phase. The effect of the command signal synthesis is apparent from the embodiments described in detail later.

(B) Control Method and Control Program FIG. 12 shows a control method according to the second embodiment. In this control method, the human body 1 wears the motion assisting wearing tool 2 having the actuator 201 for applying power to the wearing person 1 (ST701), detects the biological signal of the wearing person 1 (ST702), and wears the wearing person. An optional command signal for detecting the physical quantity of the human machine system 10 comprising 1 and the motion assisting wearing device 2 (ST703), and generating the power according to the intention of the wearer 1 to the actuator 201 using the detected biological signal. (ST704), and by comparing the detected physical quantity with the reference parameter of each phase of each task stored in the database 6 (ST705 to 707), the task of the wearer 1 and its phase are estimated, The hybrid ratio (optional command signal / autonomous command signal) corresponding to the phase of this task is defined (ST708), and the actuator 201 generates autonomous power for this phase. A command signal is generated (ST709), and an arbitrary command signal and an autonomous command signal are combined so as to have a specified hybrid ratio to generate a total command signal (ST710), and a current generated according to this total command signal Is supplied to drive the actuator 201 (ST711).

  ST701 to 703 are the same as ST601 to 603 in the example of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 10, and ST705 to 708 are the same as ST607 to 610 in the example of the first embodiment shown in FIG. In addition, the step (ST704) of generating an optional command signal corresponding to the biological signal is preferably composed of ST604 to 606a shown in FIG.

  The optional command signal is preferably used to generate a pulse current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal and a driving current corresponding to the myoelectric potential signal, as in the first embodiment. The hybrid ratio is set in advance so as to assist the operation of the wearer 1 without a sense of incongruity for each phase of each task, and is stored in the database 6. The hybrid ratio is automatically defined by the control device 20A as described above when the phase is estimated by comparing the actually measured physical quantity with the reference parameter. . As a result, a total command signal is generated so as to have a required hybrid ratio, and by applying power according to the total command signal, operation assistance corresponding to various operations can be smoothly performed.

  In order to execute the above-described control, a process of detecting a biological signal of the wearer 1 (ST702), a process of detecting a physical quantity of the human machine system 10 including the wearer 1 and the motion assisting wearing tool 2 (ST703), and detection A process (ST704) for generating an optional command signal for causing the actuator 201 to generate motive power according to the intention of the wearer 1 using the biological signal, and the detected physical quantity and the reference parameter of each phase of each task. By comparing (ST705 to 707), the phase of the task of the wearer 1 is inferred, the process of defining the hybrid ratio corresponding to this phase (ST708), and the actuator 201 generates power corresponding to this phase. For generating an autonomous command signal (ST709) for generating a total command signal by synthesizing the optional command signal and the autonomous command signal so that the specified hybrid ratio is obtained. Control program for performing the process (ST710) to perform the process (ST711) for driving the actuator 201 by supplying the current generated according to the generated total command signal, and storing the control program in the control device 20B of the wearable movement assist device Store in the device.

  FIG. 13 shows another example of the wearable movement assist device of the second embodiment. The wearable movement assisting device includes a movement assisting wearing tool 2 having an actuator 201 for applying power to the wearer 1, a biological signal sensor 221 that detects a biological signal of the wearer 1, and an operation of the wearer 1. Using the physical quantity sensor 13 for detecting the physical quantity related to the sensor and the biological signal detected by the biological signal sensor 221, a command signal (optional command signal) for causing the actuator 201 to generate power according to the intention of the wearing 1 is generated. Optional control means 24, database 6 storing each reference parameter of a series of minimum operation units (phases) constituting each operation pattern of wearer 1 classified as a task, and physical quantity detected by physical quantity sensor 13 A command signal for estimating the movement pattern of the wearer 1 by comparing with the reference parameter and generating the actuator 201 in accordance with the movement pattern An autonomous control means 7 for generating an autonomous command signal), a command signal synthesis means 8 for synthesizing an optional command signal and an autonomous command signal, and a current corresponding to the total command signal synthesized by the command signal synthesis means 8 Drive current generation means 5 that supplies the current to the actuator 201.

  It is preferable to acquire a nerve transmission signal for operating the musculoskeletal system of the wearer 1 and a myoelectric potential signal accompanying the muscle activity from the biological signal. For this, the same biological signal processing means 3 ( Although two are shown in FIG. 13, one may be used in combination, and the description thereof will be omitted. The database 6, the autonomous control means 17, the signal synthesis means 8, and the drive current generation means 5 can be the same as those shown in FIG. Further, the optional control means 24 and the autonomous control means 17 compare the physical quantity detected by the physical quantity sensor 13 with the reference parameter stored in the database 6, thereby determining the phase of the task that the wearer 1 is going to perform. It has a function to estimate and generate an optional command signal and an autonomous command signal so as to obtain a hybrid ratio and a power assist rate according to this phase.

  FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 show a preferred example of the control method of the wearable movement assist device. In this control method, a motion assisting wearing tool 2 having an actuator 201 for applying power to the wearer 1 is worn on a person 1 (ST801), a biological signal of the wearer 1 is detected (ST802), and the wearer is worn. 1 detects the physical quantity of the human machine system 10 composed of 1 and the motion assisting equipment 2 (ST803), generates an optional command signal corresponding to the detected physical quantity (ST804), and stores the detected physical quantity and the database 6 By comparing the reference parameters of each phase (ST805 to 807), the phase of the task that the wearer 1 is going to perform is estimated, and the hybrid ratio and the power assist rate corresponding to this phase are specified (ST808). Then, an autonomous command signal is generated to drive the actuator 201 with the power corresponding to this phase (ST809), and the hybrid ratio and the power assist rate are set as required. An intentional command signal and an autonomous command signal are combined to generate a total command signal (ST810), and the actuator 201 is driven by supplying a current generated according to the total command signal (ST811).

  In order to execute the above control, a process of detecting a biological signal of the wearer 1 (ST802), a process of detecting a physical quantity of the human machine system 10 including the wearer 1 and the motion assisting wearing tool 2 (ST803), and detection The process (ST804) for generating an arbitrary command signal for generating the power according to the intention of the wearer 1 using the biosignal thus generated is compared with the detected physical quantity and the reference parameter of each phase. (ST805 to 807) to estimate the phase that the wearer 1 is going to perform, and to define the hybrid ratio and power assist rate corresponding to the phase of this task (ST808), and according to the phase of this task Processing to generate an autonomous command signal for generating power to the actuator 201 (ST809), and to ensure that the specified hybrid ratio and power assist rate are achieved. A process of generating a total command signal by combining a static command signal and the autonomous command signal (ST810), and a process of driving the actuator 201 by supplying a current generated according to the generated total command signal (ST811) The control program to be executed is stored in the storage device of the control device 20C of the wearable movement assist device.

[3] Drive control when starting other functions
(1) In the case of reflexive action For example, if it is pushed suddenly from behind, it will fall down as it is, so you must support your body with one foot in a reflective manner. However, if the control is performed such that one leg is simply moved forward, one foot is suddenly pushed forward, so that the wearer instinctively pushes one leg and makes the movement of pushing one leg forward awkward. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 16, immediately before supplying the current 91 for driving the actuator 201 in the operation direction, the current 92 in the opposite direction is supplied for a very short time (about 0.01 to 0.3 seconds). When the is driven in the opposite direction, the wearer 1 tries to put one leg forward in a reflective manner, and the operation becomes rather smooth. Such control using reflexes cannot be performed by a normal robot, and is effective for the first time when the wearer 1 wears the wearable movement assist device of the present invention.

(2) In the case of normal movement Even in the case of normal movement such as walking, if you perform autonomous control that raises your foot, you may feel as if your foot has been suddenly pushed. In order to eliminate such a sense of incongruity, it is possible to smoothly drive the actuator 201 in the opposite direction by supplying the current 92 in the opposite direction at the start, and then supply the current 91 to drive the actuator 201 in the operation direction. Can move smoothly.

  The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1
This example is for showing the effect of the first embodiment. When the wearer is relaxed and sitting on a chair and the knee joint is extended, a condition for using the nerve transmission signal as a trigger signal (FIG. 17), and a condition for not using the nerve transmission signal as a trigger signal, That is, the torque of the knee actuator 201b was measured under the condition that only the drive current corresponding to the myoelectric potential signal was supplied to the actuator 201b (FIG. 18).

  In the case of the former condition, a torque was obtained by superimposing a pulse current of a predetermined magnification corresponding to the nerve transmission signal on the tip of the torque obtained from the measured biological signal. The start of the change in the knee rotation angle θ was 0.2 seconds after the detection of the biological signal. On the other hand, in the case of the latter condition, the torque with the waveform of the biological signal was obtained. Since the rise of this torque is slow, it took 0.3 seconds from the detection of the biological signal until the change of the knee rotation angle θ started. From these results, it can be seen that the drive of the actuator 201b can be started quickly by generating a pulse current (rectangular wave) having a predetermined width at the tip of the biological signal using the nerve transmission signal as a trigger signal.

Example 2
This example is for showing the effect of the second embodiment. The case where a wearer is powered by a combination of autonomous control and voluntary control is shown in which the wearer stands up from a sitting state. 19 (c) shows the torque of the knee actuator according to the command signal by autonomous control, (d) shows the torque of the knee actuator according to the command signal by voluntary control, and (e) shows the autonomous control. The torque of the knee actuator in accordance with the total command signal obtained by synthesizing the command signal by and the command signal by optional control is shown. 19A shows the phase number, and FIG. 19B shows the knee rotation angle θ.

  FIG. 20 shows a case where power is applied by a combination of autonomous control and voluntary control when the wearer sits down after sitting up in a chair and then standing up. Also in FIG. 20, (a) shows the phase number, and (b) shows the knee rotation angle θ.

  As is clear from the graph of FIG. 19 (e), the actual knee actuator torque increased rapidly at the rise of phase 2 and rapidly decreased at the fall of phase 3. At the tip of Phase 2 corresponding to the rise from the chair, the torque suddenly increased, so the knee actuator started to rotate without delay to the wearer's intention, and the wearer had a sufficient power assist feeling and no discomfort. I was able to start up. Also, at the fall of Phase 3, the torque by autonomous control quickly becomes 0, thereby preventing the situation where the wearer is inadvertently forced to push out the wearer and preventing the wearer from feeling uncomfortable. Can be suppressed. As a result, in all the processes of Phases 1 to 4, the wearer had a sufficient power assist feeling and was able to operate smoothly without a sense of incongruity.

  On the other hand, with the torque according to the command signal by the optional control shown in (d) of FIG. 19, the start-up is insufficient, so that the start of the knee actuator cannot be made as quickly as possible. In addition, the torque according to the command signal by autonomous control shown in (c) of FIG. 19, that is, a constant amount of torque is different from the torque that changes in the process of operation, so a smooth series of operations without any discomfort is also performed. I can't. That is, it can be seen that only a combination of the above-described voluntary control and autonomous control can provide both a quick start and a torque that matches the wearer's movement.

  On the other hand, when sitting down immediately after getting up, the torque suddenly increased at the tip of Phase 2 corresponding to the rising from the chair, as is apparent from the graph of FIG. 20 (e). The wearer started to turn without delay, and the wearer had a sufficient power assist feeling and was able to stand up without feeling uncomfortable. In the middle of Phase 3, the generation of biological signals is suppressed, so the torque due to voluntary control is reduced, and even if the torque in the rising direction due to autonomous control is added, the effect is offset and the overall torque is reduced. Was not big enough to make you feel uncomfortable when sitting in a chair. As a result, even if the operation (task) is suddenly changed, the wearer has a sufficient power assist feeling and can operate smoothly without a sense of incongruity.

  On the other hand, since the start-up is insufficient with the torque according to the command signal by the optional control shown in FIG. 20 (d), it is not possible to start the knee actuator as quickly as possible. Further, when the torque according to the command signal by the autonomous control shown in (c) of FIG. 20 is suddenly changed from phase 3 to phase 1, a constant torque acts in the direction of hindering the operation, and there is a sense of incongruity. Thus, it can be seen that even when the operation is not performed in a series of operations suddenly, a sense of incongruity can be suppressed by the combination of the above-described optional control and autonomous control.

  Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments and examples, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

It is the schematic which shows the whole structure of a mounting | wearing type movement assistance apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows a movement assistance mounting tool. It is a block diagram which shows the mounting | wearing type movement assistance apparatus of 1st embodiment. It is the schematic which shows an example of a structure of a biological signal processing means, and a process of the biological signal (the nerve transmission signal and myoelectric potential signal have isolate | separated) by it. It is the schematic which shows the other example of a process of the structure of a biological signal processing means, and the biological signal (a nerve transmission signal and a myoelectric potential signal are superimposed) by it. It is a flowchart which shows the control method of 1st embodiment. It is the schematic which shows an example of the drive current obtained from the biosignal which the nerve transmission signal and the myoelectric potential signal have isolate | separated. It is the schematic which shows the other example of the drive current obtained from the biological signal on which the nerve transmission signal and the myoelectric potential signal are superimposed. It is a block diagram which shows the example which controls a power assist rate in the mounting | wearing type movement assistance apparatus of 1st embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the example of a task and a phase. It is the schematic which shows the estimation method of the task and phase which were stored in the database. It is a flowchart for demonstrating control of a power assist rate in the control method of 1st embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the mounting | wearing type movement assistance apparatus of 2nd embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the control method of 2nd embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the example which controls a power assist rate in the mounting | wearing type movement assistance apparatus of 2nd embodiment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating control of a power assist rate in the control method of 2nd embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a control apparatus. It is the schematic which shows another example of improvement of drive current generation. It is a graph which shows the torque of a knee actuator at the time of adding the pulse current according to the nerve transmission signal in Example 1. It is a graph which shows the torque of a knee actuator in the case where the pulse current according to a nerve transmission signal is not added in Example 1. It is a graph which shows an example of the torque of the knee actuator obtained by control which synthesizes an arbitrary command signal and an autonomous command signal in Example 2. It is a graph which shows another example of the torque of the knee actuator obtained by control which synthesize | combines an arbitrary command signal and an autonomous command signal in Example 2. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Human (wearer)
2 ... Motion assisting device 3 ... Biological signal processing means 4, 14, 24 ... Optional control means 5 ... Drive current generating means 6 ... Databases 7, 17 ... Autonomous control Means 8 ... Signal synthesis means
10 ... Human machine system
13 ... Physical quantity sensor
20, 20A, 20B, 20C ... Control device
21 ... Power supply
201 ... Actuator
202 ... arm
203 ... Joint
221 ・ ・ ・ Biosignal sensor
222 ・ ・ ・ Center of gravity sensor

Claims (24)

A wearable movement assist device that assists or acts on behalf of the wearer,
An operation assisting wearing device having an actuator for applying power to the wearer;
A biological signal sensor for detecting a biological signal of the wearer;
A biological signal processing means for acquiring a nerve transmission signal for operating the wearer's musculoskeletal system and a myoelectric potential signal associated with muscle activity from the biological signal detected by the biological signal sensor;
Optional control means for generating a command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to the intention of the wearer, using a nerve transmission signal and a myoelectric potential signal acquired by the biological signal processing means;
Drive current generation means for generating a current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal and a current corresponding to the myoelectric potential signal based on the command signal generated by the optional control means, and supplying the current to the actuator. Wearable motion assist device characterized by The wearable motion assist device according to claim 1,
A wearable motion assisting device comprising a physical quantity sensor that detects a physical quantity related to the movement of the wearer. In the wearing type movement auxiliary device according to claim 1 or 2,
The biological signal processing means includes means for amplifying the biological signal, a first filter for extracting the nerve transmission signal from the biological signal, and a second filter for extracting the myoelectric potential signal from the biological signal. A wearable motion assisting device comprising: In the wearing type movement auxiliary device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The drive current generation means supplies a total current of a pulse current generated according to the nerve transmission signal and a current generated so as to be substantially proportional to the myoelectric potential signal to the actuator, A wearable motion assisting device that starts operation of the actuator upon supply. The wearable motion assist device according to claim 4,
The drive current generating means generates the pulse current or the total current so as to be larger than a lower limit value of a current capable of driving the actuator when supply of current to the actuator is started. Wearable motion assist device. In the wearing type movement auxiliary device according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
The reference parameters of each of a series of minimum operation units (phases) constituting the operation pattern of the wearer classified as a task and the power application rate (power assist rate) by the actuator are stored in a required correspondence relationship. With a database,
The optional control means estimates the phase of the task that the wearer is going to perform by comparing the physical quantity detected by the physical quantity sensor with a reference parameter stored in the database, and according to this phase A power assist rate is defined based on the correspondence relationship, and a command signal is generated to cause the actuator to generate motive power at the power assist rate. In the wearing type movement auxiliary device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The drive current generating means supplies a current for driving the actuator in a direction opposite to the operation for a predetermined time when the wearer operates by reflexes, and then moves the actuator in the operation direction. A wearable motion assisting device that supplies a current for driving. A wearable movement assist device that assists or acts on behalf of the wearer,
An operation assisting wearing device having an actuator for applying power to the wearer;
A biological signal sensor for detecting a biological signal of the wearer;
A physical quantity sensor for detecting a physical quantity related to the movement of the wearer;
Optional control means for generating a command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to the intention of the wearer, using a biological signal detected by the biological signal sensor;
A database that stores reference parameters for each of a series of minimum motion units (phases) constituting the motion pattern of the wearer classified as a task;
A command for estimating a phase of the wearer's task by comparing a physical quantity detected by the physical quantity sensor with a reference parameter stored in the database, and causing the actuator to generate power corresponding to the phase. An autonomous control means for generating a signal;
A signal synthesis means for synthesizing a command signal from the optional control means and a command signal from the autonomous control means;
A mounting-type motion assisting device, comprising: drive current generating means for generating a total current corresponding to the total command signal synthesized by the signal synthesizing means and supplying the total current to the actuator. The wearable motion assist device according to claim 8,
The database stores the ratio (hybrid ratio) between the command signal from the optional control means and the command signal from the autonomous control means so as to have a required correspondence with the reference parameter of the phase,
The signal synthesizing unit is configured to output a command signal from the voluntary control unit and the autonomous unit so that a hybrid ratio defined based on the correspondence relationship is obtained according to a task phase estimated by the autonomous control unit. A wearable motion assisting device that synthesizes a command signal from a control means. In the wearing type movement auxiliary device according to claim 8 or 9,
A biological signal processing means for acquiring a nerve transmission signal for operating the wearer's musculoskeletal system and a myoelectric potential signal accompanying muscle activity from a biological signal detected by the biological signal sensor;
The drive-type motion assisting device, wherein the drive current generating unit starts the operation of the actuator by supplying a pulse current generated according to a nerve transmission signal acquired by the biological signal processing unit. In the wearable movement assist device according to claim 10,
The drive current generating means generates the pulse current or the total current so as to be larger than a lower limit value of a current capable of driving the actuator when supply of current to the actuator is started. Wearable motion assist device. The wearing type movement auxiliary device according to any one of claims 8 to 11,
The database stores the reference parameters of each phase and the power application rate (power assist rate) by the actuator so as to have a required correspondence relationship,
The signal synthesizing means defines a power assist rate according to the phase of the task estimated by the autonomous control means based on the correspondence relationship, and commands from the optional control means so as to be the power assist rate. A wearable motion assisting device that synthesizes a signal and a command signal from the autonomous control means. The wearing type movement auxiliary device according to any one of claims 8 to 12,
The drive current generating means supplies a current for driving the actuator in a direction opposite to the operation for a predetermined time when the wearer operates by reflexes, and then moves the actuator in the operation direction. A wearable motion assisting device that supplies a current for driving. A method of controlling a wearable motion assist device that assists or substitutes for a wearer's motion,
In a state where an operation assisting wearing device having an actuator for applying power to the wearer is worn by the wearer,
Detecting a biological signal of the wearer,
From the detected biological signal, obtain a nerve transmission signal for operating the wearer's musculoskeletal system and a myoelectric potential signal accompanying muscle activity,
Using the acquired nerve transmission signal and myoelectric potential signal, generating an optional command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to the intention of the wearer,
A control method for a wearable motion assisting device, wherein a current corresponding to the nerve transmission signal and a current corresponding to the myoelectric potential signal are respectively supplied to the actuator based on the generated optional command signal. In the control method of the wearable movement assist device according to claim 14,
A total current of a pulse current generated according to the nerve transmission signal and a current generated so as to be substantially proportional to the myoelectric potential signal is supplied to the actuator, and the operation of the actuator is performed by supplying the pulse current. A control method for a wearable motion assisting device, characterized by starting. In the control method of the wearable movement assist device according to claim 15,
When the supply of current to the actuator is started, a current corresponding to the pulse current or a total current is supplied so as to be larger than a lower limit value of a current capable of driving the actuator. A method for controlling the movement assist device. In the control method of the wearing type movement auxiliary device according to any one of claims 14 to 16,
Furthermore, by detecting a physical quantity related to the wearer's movement, and comparing the detected physical quantity with each reference parameter of a series of minimum movement units (phases) constituting each movement pattern of the wearer classified as a task, Estimate the phase of the task that the wearer is going to perform, and generate an optional command signal to cause the actuator to generate the power that provides the required power application rate (power assist rate) according to this phase. A method for controlling a wearable motion assisting device, wherein a current corresponding to an optional command signal is generated and supplied to the actuator. In the control method of the wearable movement assist device according to any one of claims 14 to 17,
When the wearer operates by reflexes, after supplying a current for driving the actuator in a direction opposite to the operation for a predetermined time, a current for driving the actuator in the direction of operation is supplied. A control method for a wearable motion assisting device. A method of controlling a wearable motion assist device that assists or substitutes for a wearer's motion,
In a state where an operation assisting wearing device having an actuator for applying power to the wearer is worn by the wearer,
Detecting physical quantities of the wearer's biological signal and the wearer's motion,
Using the detected biological signal, generate an optional command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to the wearer's intention,
The phase of the task that the wearer is going to perform is estimated by comparing the detected physical quantity with the reference parameters of each of a series of minimum movement units (phases) that constitute the movement pattern of the wearer classified as a task. , Generating an autonomous command signal for causing the actuator to generate power according to this phase,
Combining these generated voluntary command signals and autonomous command signals,
A method for controlling a wearable motion assisting device, wherein a current corresponding to the synthesized total command signal is generated and supplied to the actuator. In the control method of the wearable movement assist device according to claim 19,
A ratio (hybrid ratio) between the voluntary command signal and the autonomous command signal is set in advance so as to have a required correspondence with each reference parameter of the phase, and according to the estimated task phase A control method for the wearable motion assisting device, wherein the hybrid ratio is defined based on the correspondence relationship, and the total command signal is synthesized so as to be the hybrid ratio. In the control method of the wearable movement assist device according to claim 20,
When the supply of the current to the actuator is started, the pulse current or the total current is supplied so that the pulse current or the total current is larger than a lower limit value of a current capable of driving the actuator. Control method. In the control method of the wearable movement assist device according to any one of claims 19 to 21,
A power ratio (power assist rate) to be given to the wearer is set in advance so as to have a required correspondence relationship with each reference parameter of the phase, and a power assist rate corresponding to the estimated task phase is set. A control method for a wearable motion assisting device, which is defined based on the correspondence relationship and synthesizes the total command signal so as to achieve this power assist rate. In the control method of the wearable movement assist device according to any one of claims 19 to 22,
When the wearer operates by reflexes, the actuator is driven in the direction of the operation after generating a drive current for driving the actuator in a direction opposite to the operation for a predetermined time. Control method for a wearable motion assist device. 24. A program for causing a computer for controlling the wearable movement assisting device to execute the control method according to any one of claims 14 to 23.

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