JP2005089886A - Electrophotographic printing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrophotographic printing method, by which high resolution images having good washing resistance and high image concentration and reaching the back side of a cloth can be obtained, to provide an electrophotographic liquid toner for printing, to provide the printing method which improves the efficiency of printing works and has a good on-demand property and high efficiency, and to provide the electrophotographic printing method, by which the cloth can be printed in high dyeability, when a reactive dye is used as the dye. <P>SOLUTION: This electrophotographic printing method for directly printing the cloth with the dye by an electrophotographic method using toner particles containing the dispersed dye is characterized by preliminarily treating the cloth with an alkali. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a printing method using a liquid toner for printing by an electrophotographic method, and more particularly to improvement of a printing method by processing a printing cloth and selecting a colorant.

  The textile printing method is applied to various forms of textiles such as yarn, knitted fabric, secondary products, etc., and the mainstream is roller printing using an intaglio plate by screen type and mechanical operation, screen by stencil printing, and paper pattern printing. Screen printing includes hand printing, semi-automatic screen printing machine, printing with an automatic traveling screen printing machine, and printing with a flat type and rotary type automatic screen printing machine. However, roller printing has a complicated process of engraving a pattern on a metal roller, and handling of the roller is difficult. Screen printing has problems such as time-consuming screen production and time-consuming printing work. .

  In addition, rotary screen printing has problems such as the time required for screen production and roller engraving. As described above, the conventional printing method has a complicated manufacturing process and takes a long time until completion, and thus a simple printing method has been desired.

  In recent years, a printing method using an ink jet which can be manufactured in a short period of time while omitting a conventional engraving plate making process has been disclosed (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2). However, the ink-jet printing method has drawbacks such that the density cannot be increased, and the density changes while printing.

In order to solve these problems, a printing method using an electrophotographic method has been recently developed. In this method, an electrostatic latent image is formed on a photoreceptor, toner is adhered, the toner is transferred to cloth, and the toner is fixed by heat (for example, see Patent Documents 3 and 4).
However, this electrophotographic printing method uses dry toner, and since the toner layer thickness is thick, it is not soft to the touch, and because it is physically attached to the fiber with a resin, it has friction fastness and washing resistance. There were problems such as poor characteristics.

  An electrophotographic printing method using liquid toner is also disclosed (see, for example, Patent Documents 5 and 6). In this method, a liquid toner using a sublimation dye is developed by an ion flow, a pattern is printed on a transfer material, and this is superposed on a cloth to perform sublimation heat transfer. This method is a simple method with a natural touch and the like. However, in the case of color, there are drawbacks such as difficulty in producing a density superimposed on the second color and poor washing resistance. Further, the toner does not penetrate to the back side of the cloth, and it is necessary to print on both sides. In addition, the work is complicated, and there is a problem that paper (transfer material) that is no longer necessary after transfer onto the cloth is wasted.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-195576 Japanese Patent No. 2995135 JP-A-5-027474 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-033275 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-73198 JP-A-10-239916

  As described above, the conventional method has problems such as unstable concentration, insufficient fastness, and complicated work.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances, and is an electrophotographic textile for printing in which an image is captured up to the back side of a cloth, the washing resistance is good, the image density is high, and a high resolution image is obtained. Providing a liquid toner and its printing method, greatly improving the efficiency of printing, providing an on-demand, wasteless printing method, and when using a reactive dye as a colorant, It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrophotographic printing method having high dyeability with a cloth.

  In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is an electrophotographic printing method in which toner particles in which a colorant is dispersed are directly printed with a colorant on a printed cloth by an electrophotographic method, The fabric is pretreated with alkali.

The invention according to claim 2 is an electrophotographic printing method in which a toner particle in which a colorant is dispersed in a carrier liquid having a volume resistance of 10 ⁹ Ω · cm or more and a high resistance and a low dielectric constant is used, and printing is performed directly on a printing cloth. The transfer cloth is pretreated with an alkali.

The invention according to claim 3 is an electrophotographic printing method in which toner particles in which a colorant is dispersed in a carrier liquid having a volume resistance of 10 ⁹ Ω · cm or more and a high resistance and a low dielectric constant are used for direct printing on a printing cloth. The transfer cloth is pretreated with alkali and urea.

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized by the electrophotographic printing method according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the alkali is sodium bicarbonate.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized by the electrophotographic printing method according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the colorant of the liquid toner in which the colorant is dispersed is a reactive dye.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the electrophotographic printing method according to (5) above, wherein the purity of the reactive dye in the liquid toner is 80 to 100%.

  The invention according to claim 7 is characterized by the electrophotographic printing method according to (5) or (6), wherein the liquid toner contains a resin, and a part of the resin is an alkali-soluble resin or a water-soluble resin.

  The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that the electrophotographic printing method according to any one of (5) to (7), wherein the ratio of the alkali-soluble resin or the water-soluble resin in the resin component in the liquid toner is 10 to 80%. And

  The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that the solubility of the alkali-soluble resin or the water-soluble resin in the liquid toner with respect to the alkali solution or water is 20 to 100% or more. It is characterized by such an electrophotographic printing method.

  The invention according to claim 10 is characterized by the electrophotographic printing method according to any one of (5) to (9), wherein the acid value of the alkali-soluble or water-soluble resin in the liquid toner is 0 to 2000 mg / KOH.

  According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in any one of (5) to (10), the colorant in the liquid toner is kneaded or flushed with the resin component in the presence of humic acid, humic acid salt or humic acid derivative. It is characterized by such an electrophotographic printing method.

  According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the electrophotographic printing method according to any one of (5) to (11), wherein the liquid toner has an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 5 μm.

  The invention according to claim 13 is the electrophotographic printing method according to any one of (5) to (12), wherein the carrier liquid of the liquid toner is an aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon having a boiling point of 100 to 350 ° C. It is characterized by.

  The invention according to claim 14 is characterized in that after the electrostatic latent image is developed on the photoconductor, pressure is applied by a transfer roller to transfer the image, and the electron according to any one of (1) to (13), Characterized by photographic printing method.

  According to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the electrostatic latent image is developed on a photosensitive member, the toner image is primarily transferred to an intermediate transfer member, and then the image is subjected to secondary transfer. It is characterized by the following electrophotographic printing method.

  According to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, the linear velocity of the developing roller for developing the toner is 1.2 to 6 times that of the linear velocity of the photosensitive member, and the linear velocity of the squeeze roller for removing excess solvent is 1. The electrophotographic printing method according to (14) or (15), which is 2 to 4 times, is characterized.

  According to the present invention, in the printing method of claim 1, since printing is performed directly by an electrophotographic method using a cloth pretreated with an alkali, it is possible to obtain a high-quality printing with good dyeing properties. .

  In the printing method of claim 2, since printing is performed directly by an electrophotographic liquid development method using a cloth pretreated with an alkali, it is possible to obtain a high quality printing with good dyeing properties.

  Furthermore, in the printing method of claim 3, since printing is performed directly by an electrophotographic liquid developing system using a cloth pretreated with alkali and urea, in addition to the effects of claims 1 and 2, the dyeing property is further improved and high. Quality printing can be obtained.

  Further, in the printing method of claim 4, since the alkali is sodium bicarbonate, it is possible to obtain a high quality printing with better dyeing property.

  Furthermore, in the textile printing method of claim 5, since the colorant is a reactive dye, it is possible to obtain a textile having good dyeability and high fastness to natural fibers.

  Furthermore, in the printing method of claim 6, since the purity of the reactive dye is 80 to 100%, in addition to the effect of claim 5, there is further printing with good dyeing property and fastness to natural fibers. Can be obtained.

  Furthermore, in the printing method of claim 7, since a part of the toner resin is made of an alkali-soluble resin or a water-soluble resin, it is possible to obtain a high-quality printing with good dyeing properties.

  Furthermore, in the printing method of claim 8, since the ratio of the alkali-soluble resin or the water-soluble resin in the resin component is 10 to 80%, it is possible to obtain a high-quality printing with good dyeing properties.

  Furthermore, in the printing method of claim 9, since the solubility of the alkali-soluble resin, the water-soluble resin in the alkaline solution or water is 20 to 100% or more, it is possible to obtain a high-quality printing with good dyeing properties. It becomes.

  Furthermore, in the printing method of claim 10, since the acid value of the alkali-soluble or water-soluble resin is 0 to 2000 mg / KOH, it is possible to obtain a high quality printing with good dyeing property.

  Furthermore, in the printing method according to claim 11, since the colorant is kneaded or flushed with the resin component in the presence of humic acid, humic acid salt or humic acid derivative, high quality printing can be obtained. It becomes.

  Furthermore, in the textile printing method of claim 12, since the average particle diameter of the toner is 0.1 to 5 [mu] m, it is possible to obtain a textile with good dyeing property and high quality.

  Furthermore, in the printing method of claim 13, since the toner carrier liquid is an aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon having a boiling point of 100 to 350 ° C., it is possible to obtain high quality printing.

  Furthermore, in the textile printing method according to claim 14, since the electrostatic latent image is developed on the photosensitive member, pressure is applied by a transfer roller to transfer the image, so that high quality textile printing can be obtained.

  Furthermore, in the textile printing method according to the fifteenth aspect, since the toner image is firstly transferred to the intermediate transfer member and then the image is secondarily transferred, it is possible to obtain a high quality textile printing.

  Furthermore, in the textile printing method of claim 16, since the linear velocity of the developing roller is 1.2 to 6 times that of the photosensitive member and the linear velocity of the squeeze roller is 1.2 to 4 times, the high quality is achieved. Printing can be obtained.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The present invention relates to an electrophotographic method in which toner particles in which a colorant is dispersed in a carrier solution having a high resistivity and a low dielectric constant of 10 ⁹ Ω · cm or more are directly printed on a printed fabric by electrophotography. In the printing method, an electrophotographic printing method is characterized in that the transfer cloth is pretreated with an alkali.

In the case of liquid toner, unlike ordinary textile printing ink, the dye is present in a dispersed state, not in a dissolved state. For this reason, there is an advantage that the image does not bleed when printed on a cloth, but in the case of a dye that requires a reaction with a cloth such as a reactive dye, it is difficult to react with the cloth and the dyeing property is poor. There was a problem that the dye was detached by soaping and the concentration did not increase. In the present invention, by pre-treating the transfer cloth with alkali in advance, even in printing using liquid toner, it is possible to achieve the same level of dyeing property as that of normal printing ink.
The alkali to be pretreated is an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, sodium phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium silicate, etc., with a concentration of 0.1 to 15% and a pH of 7. About 5 to 13 is desirable. If the concentration is too light or too dark, the dyeing property is lowered. Further, when urea is contained together with these alkalis, the dyeing property is further enhanced. This is thought to be due to improved dye penetration into the fabric.

Although all types of reactive dyes can be used, chlortriazine type and vinyl sulfone type are preferable.
As a specific example, C.I. I. Reactive yellow 2,15,37,42,76,95; I. Reactive Red 21, 22, 24, 33, 45, 111, 112, 114, 180, 218, 226; I. Reactive blue 15, 19, 21, 38, 49, 72, 77, 176, 203, 220; I. Reactive black 5, 8, 31, 39 etc. are mentioned. The transfer substrate needs to have a functional group such as OH group, NH ₂ group, and SH group that can react with these reactive dyes, and cotton and silk can be applied.

  Examples of reactions with chlortriazine-based and vinylsulfone-based transfer substrates include the following. (D is the dye matrix)

In the chlortriazine system, the following reaction (1) occurs.

In the vinyl sulfone system, the following reaction (2) occurs.

  In general, commercially available powder dyes have a dye purity of about 50% and often contain a large amount of salt and sodium sulfate. When toners are used, the resistance and chargeability are adversely affected. It is better to use a dye with a low salt content. A purity of 80% or more is desirable.

In order to stabilize the charging characteristics of the toner, it is preferable to add a minimum resin component. The ratio of dye / resin is preferably 3/7 to 9/1.
The resin component to be added is preferably a polyolefin resin or a polyester resin. In particular, those obtained by blending these resins with an alkali-soluble or water-soluble resin are more preferable in the case where water vapor or alkali is used in the step of reacting with a base material.

  If the solubility of the alkali-soluble resin or water-soluble resin in the aqueous alkali solution is 20% or more, the reactivity is improved. If it is 50% or more, it is more desirable.

The dissolution rate is determined as follows.
100 g of 0.5% NaOH aqueous solution and 10 g of alkali-soluble resin or water-soluble resin are mixed and heated at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes.
Thereafter, the mixture is filtered through a 5 μm filter, and the filter residue is dried and weighed.
Dissolution rate (%) = [(10 (g) −residual filter weight (g)) / 10 (g)] × 100 (%)
The ratio of alkali-soluble resin or water-soluble resin to all resin components is preferably 10 to 80%. More desirably, it is 30 to 70%. When the amount of polyolefin resin or polyester resin other than the alkali-soluble resin is small, the chargeability of the toner is lowered, and when the content of the alkali-soluble resin or water-soluble resin is small, the reactivity is lowered.

  As the resin other than the alkali-soluble resin, a general resin can be used, but a polyolefin resin and a polyester resin are particularly preferable.

As the polyolefin resin, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is an Evaflex series manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Polychemical Co., Ltd., for example, Y-W45X, 150, 210, 220, 250, 260, 310, 360, 410, 420, 450, 460, 550, 560 etc., Toyo Soda Industry Co., Ltd. Ultrasen series, for example, 510X, 515F, 530, 537, 537L, 537S, 525, 520F, 540, 540F, 541, 541L, 625, 630, 630F, 682, 627, 631, 633, 680, 681, 635, 634, 710, 720, 722, 725, 751, 750, 760, etc., Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Smitate series, such as DD-10, HA -20, HC-10, HE-10, KA-10, KA 20, KA-31, KC-10, KE-10, MB-11, RB-11, etc., Nippon Synthetic Industry Co., Ltd. Soagren series, such as BH, CH, CI, DH, etc., Soarex series, such as RBH , RCH, RDH, etc., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Dumiran series, such as Dumiran D-219, D-229, D-251S, C-2280, C-2270, C-1590, C-1570, C-1550, etc. , Yukalon-Eva manufactured by Mitsubishi Yuka Co., Ltd., Elpacs manufactured by DuPont, USA, and the like.
Other low molecular weight types are Mitsui Chemicals' high waxes 720P, 410P, 420P, 320P, 210P, 220P, 110P, 4202E, and those obtained by modifying polyolefin resins and introducing carboxyl groups are manufactured by Nippon Petrochemical Co., Ltd. N polymer, Tonen CMP-HA series manufactured by Tonen Petrochemical Co., Ltd., MODIC manufactured by Mitsubishi Yuka Chemical Co., Ltd. ) Admer and other copolymers of ethylene and acrylic acid, Dow Chemical Co., Ltd., Dow EAA Copolymer, Mitsubishi Yuka Co., Ltd. Yukaron EAA, Mitsui DuPont Polychemical Co., Ltd. Nukurel, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. Acrylift, etc., and a copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, or further cross-linking them In so-called ionomers, Surlyn manufactured by DuPont, USA, High Milan manufactured by Mitsui-DuPont Polychemical Co., Ltd., Cobalene Latex manufactured by Asahi Dow Co., Ltd., BASF Co., Ltd. EVA1 wax was added, and ethylene and acrylate were co-polymerized. Examples of coalescence include DPD-6169 manufactured by Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd., and polyolefin resins containing a carboxyl carbonyl group.

  The polyester resin is obtained by polycondensation of a polyhydric alcohol and a polybasic acid.

  Examples of polyhydric alcohols include propylene glycol such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, and 1,2-propylene glycol, butanediol such as dipropylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, and 1,6-hexane. Alkylene glycols (aliphatic glycols) such as hexanes such as diols and their alkylene oxide adducts, bisphenols such as bisphenol A and hydrogenated bisphenol, and phenolic glycols of these alkylene oxide adducts, monocyclic or polycyclic Examples include alicyclics such as diols and aromatic diols, triols such as glycerin and trimethylolpropane.

  Examples of polybasic acids include malonic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, phthalic acid and modified acids thereof (for example, hexahydrophthalic anhydride), isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid Saturated or unsaturated divalent basic acid such as acid, trimellitic acid, trimesic acid, pyromellitic acid, trifunctional or more saturated polybasic acid such as methyl nadic acid, and acid anhydrides and lower alkyl esters thereof Etc.

  Polyester resins can be obtained by polycondensation of these polyhydric alcohols and polybasic acids at a temperature of about 150 to 300 ° C. An esterification catalyst may be used to promote the reaction.

  As the esterification catalyst, metal organic compounds such as tetrabutyl zirconate, zirconium naphthenate, tetrabutyl titanate, tetraoctyl titanate, and 3/1 stannous oxalate / sodium acetate can be used.

  In order to control the melt index of the polyester resin, the polymerization temperature, reaction system pressure, reaction time, etc. are adjusted, and in order to control the acid value, the molar ratio of the carboxylic acid to be reacted and the alcohol, the molecular weight of the polymer Adjust etc.

  Examples of commercially available polyester resins include Mitsubishi Rayon's Diacron series, Toyobo's Byron 290, Byron 200, Byron 280, Byron 300, Byron 103, Byron GK-140, Byron GK-130, Kao's Atrac series, Examples include Tufton NE-382, Tufton U-5, ATR-2009, ATR-2010, Elitel UE3500, UE3210, XA-8153 manufactured by Unitika, and Polyester TP-220, R-188 manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical.

Alkali-soluble resins or water-soluble resins include water-soluble melamine resins, water-soluble rosin-modified resins, water-soluble polyester resins, water-soluble acrylic resins, water-soluble epoxy resins, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethyleneimine, carboxymethyl cellulose, and alginic acid. Examples include soda, collagen, gelatin, starch, and chitosan.
Products include Poval (PVA) manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., Isoban (isobutylene / maleic acid resin), Neotor made by Harima Kasei, Halidip (alkyd resin, acrylic resin), Eco Coati (PVA) manufactured by Nippon Gosei Kagaku Co., Ltd., Nagase ChemteX Corporation Examples include deconal (epoxy resin), Julia (acrylic resin), Kabsen (polyester resin) manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemical Co., Ltd.
The acid value is preferably 0 to 2000 mg / KOH, and if it is higher than 2000 mg / KOH, the development characteristics are deteriorated.

In particular, when an alkali-soluble resin, a water-soluble resin, or a colorant is subjected to a flushing treatment, a toner excellent in image surface can be obtained.
In the flushing process, a resin dispersion medium is further added to a water-containing liquid in which a pigment is dissolved in water, and the mixture is mixed well in a kneader called a flasher, and water existing around the pigment is replaced by a resin dispersion medium added later. The process to do.
The water taken out by this operation is discharged, the pigment is dispersed in the resin solution, dried, the solvent is removed, and the resulting mass is pulverized to obtain a colorant powder.
The ratio of the colorant to the resin during the flushing is suitably 10 to 60 parts by weight of the colorant with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin. It is particularly advantageous to perform the flushing treatment in the presence of humic acid, a humic acid salt (Na salt, NH ₄ salt etc.) or a humic acid derivative. The amount of these humic acids added is suitably about 0.1 to 30% by weight of the colorant-containing liquid.

  As the carrier liquid used in the liquid toner of the present invention, a high resistance and low dielectric constant is preferable, and isoparaffin, silicone oil, and polyalphaolefin are preferable. Isoparaffin hydrocarbons include Isopar C, Isopar E, Isopar G, Isopar H, Isopar L, Isopar M, and Isopar V (Exxon Chemical). , SH344 (Toray Silicon), TSF451 (Toshiba Silicon), and the like. Polyalphaolefins include SHF-20, SHF-21, SHF-23, SHF-41, SHF-61, SHF-63, SHF-82, SHF-83, SHF-101, SHF-403, SHF-1003, supersyn2150, Supersyn 2300, supersyn 21000, supersyn 23000 (exxon mobile) are included.

（Ｒ_１はＨまたはＣＨ_３を、ｎは６〜２０の整数を表わす。）
で表わされるビニルモノマーＡと下記一般式（４）

（Ｒ_２はｎが１〜４のアルキル基を表わす。）
で表わされるビニルモノマー及びビニルピリジン、ビニルピロリドン、エチレングリコールジメタクリレート、スチレン、ジビニルベンゼン、ビニルトルエンより選ばれるモノマーＢの各一種ずつもしくは、数種の共重合体、グラフト共重合体が挙げられる。 Further, as a dispersion resin preferably used in combination with the present invention, the following general formula (3)

(R ₁ represents H or CH ₃ and n represents an integer of 6 to 20)
Vinyl monomer A represented by the following general formula (4)

(R ₂ represents an alkyl group wherein n is 1 to 4.)
And vinyl monomers and vinyl pyridine, vinyl pyrrolidone, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, styrene, divinyl benzene, and vinyl toluene, each of which is one type of monomer B, or several types of copolymers and graft copolymers.

  The average particle size of the toner is desirably 0.1 to 5 μm. If the particle size is 0.1 μm or less, sufficient density may not be obtained or blurring may occur easily. If the particle size is 5 μm or more, color and resolution are improved. May get worse.

When development is performed on the photosensitive member and the transfer roller is applied with a pressure of 0.1 to 3 kg / cm ² , the transfer property is improved in the case of transfer paper or textile printing with poor smoothness, and a high-density image can be formed.
Further, when transferring using an intermediate transfer member, transfer performance is improved because a higher pressure is applied. However, since the amount of solvent during transfer is less than when no intermediate transfer member is used, in the case of textile printing, a solvent such as aliphatic hydrocarbon or silicone oil is sprayed onto the intermediate transfer member before secondary transfer. It is desirable to secure the necessary amount of solvent.
A good spraying amount is about 0.20 to 0.70 mg / cm ² .
In the case of textile printing, in order to improve the density, the amount of the developer is increased or the solvent squeeze amount of the reverse roller after development is decreased, so that the amount of the developer on the photosensitive member is increased and applied to the cloth. Increasing the solvent penetration is effective.
The linear speed of the developing roller is 1.2 to 6 times the linear speed of the photosensitive member, the linear speed of the squeeze roller is 1.2 to 4 times, preferably, the linear speed of the developing roller is 2 to 4 times, When the linear speed of the squeeze roller is 2 to 3 times, the surface concentration and the back surface concentration are increased.
The gap between the roller and the photoconductor is preferably 50 to 250 μm, and the gap between the reverse roller is 30 to 150 μm.

A concentrated toner is prepared by charging, dispersing, and kneading the colorant, resin, and carrier liquid into a dispersing machine such as a ball mill, a kitty mill, a disk mill, and a pin mill, and then dispersing the toner in the supporting liquid of the present invention. Can be obtained.
The present technology can also be applied as a dry toner containing no carrier liquid.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below.

[Example 1]
Reactive dye (Cibachemical Red P-6B) 60 parts Isopar H 20% solution of lauryl methacrylate / methyl methacrylate / methacrylic acid / glycidyl methacrylate (80/10/5/5) copolymer
240 parts Isopar H 190 parts Charge control agent (zirconium naphthenate) 3 parts were placed in a ball mill and dispersed for 24 hours. Then, 300 parts of Isopar H was added and dispersed for 1 hour to obtain a concentrated toner. The cloth was pretreated by applying a 2% sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) (concentration 2%) solution to the cotton cloth.

[Example 2]
Reactive Dye (Nippon Kayaku Kayacion Turq. P-3GF) 55 parts Isopar H 20% solution of lauryl methacrylate / methyl methacrylate / methacrylic acid / glycidyl methacrylate (80/10/5/5) copolymer
150 parts polyolefin resin (ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer resin)
(Evaflex) (Mitsui / DuPont) 80 parts Isopar H 190 parts Charge control agent (zirconium naphthenate) 3 parts in a ball mill and dispersed for 24 hours, then 300 parts of Isopar H is added and dispersed for 1 hour. A concentrated toner was obtained.
The pretreatment of the cloth was performed by applying a mixed solution of 3% sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) (concentration 4%) and urea (H ₂ NCONH ₂ ) (concentration 6%) to the cotton cloth.

[Example 3]
Reactive dye (Nippon Kayaku Kayacion Turq. P-3GF) 50 parts Isopar G 20% solution of lauryl methacrylate / methyl methacrylate / methacrylic acid / glycidyl methacrylate (80/10/5/5) copolymer
110 parts polyolefin resin (ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer resin)
(Evaflex) (Mitsui / DuPont) 50 parts Water-soluble resin Poval (PVA) (Kuraray) 60 parts Isopar G 180 parts Charge control agent (zirconium naphthenate) 3 parts in a ball mill, dispersed for 24 hours, and then Isopar G 300 parts were added and dispersed for 1 hour to obtain a concentrated toner.
The pretreatment of the cloth was performed by applying a mixed solution of sodium silicate (Na ₂ O · SiO ₂ ) (concentration 3%) and urea (H ₂ NCONH ₂ ) (concentration 5%) to the silk cloth.

[Example 4]
Reactive dye (Nippon Kayaku Kayacion Black) 50 parts Polyolefin resin (ethylene / methacrylic acid copolymer resin)
(Nucleel) (Mitsui / DuPont) 40 parts Water-soluble resin Kabusen (water-soluble polyester) (Nagase Chemtex) 70 parts were kneaded and ground.
90 parts of the kneaded pulverized product Isopar L 20% solution of lauryl methacrylate / methyl methacrylate / methacrylic acid / glycidyl methacrylate (80/10/5/5) copolymer
120 parts Isopar L 200 parts Charge control agent (zirconium naphthenate) 2 parts were placed in a ball mill and dispersed for 24 hours, and further 350 parts of Isopar L were added and dispersed for 1 hour to obtain a concentrated toner.
The cloth was pretreated by applying a mixed solution of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) (concentration 2%) and urea (H ₂ NCONH ₂ ) (concentration 7%) to the cotton cloth.

[Example 5]
Reactive dye (Nippon Kayaku Kayacion Yellow P-7G) 50 parts Polyolefin resin (ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer resin)
(Evaflex) (Mitsui / DuPont) 20 parts Water-soluble resin Halidive (water-soluble alkyd resin) (Harima Kasei) 80 parts Nitrohumic acid 3 parts were kneaded and flushed.
70 parts of the above flushing kneaded product Lauryl methacrylate / methyl methacrylate / methacrylic acid / glycidyl methacrylate (80/10/5/5) copolymer polyalphaolefin (SHF-21) 20% solution 100 parts Polyalphaolefin (SHF-21) 250 parts Charge control agent 5 parts in a ball mill and dispersed for 24 hours, 250 parts of SHF-21 was further added and dispersed for 1 hour, and this was used as a concentrated toner.
The cloth was pretreated by applying a mixed solution of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) (concentration 2%) and urea (H ₂ NCONH ₂ ) (concentration 7%) to the cotton cloth.

[Example 6]
A concentrated toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reactive dye of Example 1 (Cibachemical Cibacron Red P-6B) was used after being purified to a purity of 95%.
The cloth was pretreated by applying a mixed solution of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) (concentration 2%) and urea (H ₂ NCONH ₂ ) (concentration 7%) to the cotton cloth.

[Example 7]
Reactive dye (Ciba Chemical Cibacron Red P-6B) 40 parts Polyolefin resin (ethylene / methacrylic acid copolymer resin)
(Nucrel) (Mitsui / DuPont) 5 parts Water-soluble resin Kabusen (water-soluble polyester) (Nagase ChemteX) 95 parts were kneaded and ground.
90 parts of the above kneaded pulverized product Isopar H 20% solution of lauryl methacrylate / methyl methacrylate / methacrylic acid / glycidyl methacrylate (80/10/5/5) copolymer
120 parts Isopar H 200 parts Charge control agent (zirconium naphthenate) 2 parts in a ball mill and dispersed for 24 hours, 350 parts of Isopar H was further added and dispersed for 1 hour to obtain a concentrated toner.
The cloth was pretreated by applying a mixed solution of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) (concentration 2%) and urea (H ₂ NCONH ₂ ) (concentration 7%) to the cotton cloth.

[Example 8]
Reactive dye (Cibachemical Cibacron Red P-6B) 40 parts Polyolefin resin (ethylene / methacrylic acid copolymer resin ionomer)
(High Milan) (Mitsui / DuPont) 95 parts Water-soluble resin Kabusen (water-soluble polyester) (Nagase Chemtex) 5 parts were kneaded and ground.
90 parts of the above kneaded pulverized product Isopar H 20% solution of lauryl methacrylate / methyl methacrylate / methacrylic acid / glycidyl methacrylate (80/10/5/5) copolymer
120 parts Isopar H 200 parts Charge control agent (zirconium naphthenate) 2 parts in a ball mill and dispersed for 24 hours, 350 parts of Isopar H was further added and dispersed for 1 hour to obtain a concentrated toner.
The cloth was pretreated by applying a mixed solution of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) (concentration 2%) and urea (H ₂ NCONH ₂ ) (concentration 7%) to the cotton cloth.

[Example 9]
Reactive dye (Ciba Chemical Cibacron Red P-6B) 30 parts Polyolefin resin (ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer resin)
(Dumilan) (Takeda Pharmaceutical) 30 parts Water-soluble resin Kabusen (water-soluble polyester) (Nagase ChemteX) 30 parts CCA (metal complex of salicylic acid derivative) 3 parts were kneaded and pulverized to obtain a dry toner.
The cloth was pretreated by applying a mixed solution of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) (concentration 4%) and urea (H ₂ NCONH ₂ ) (concentration 8%) to the cotton cloth.

  Examples 1 to 8 were printed on a cloth using the apparatus shown in FIG. The dry toner of Example 9 was printed with a dry copying machine. After printing, steam heat treatment was performed at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes, followed by washing with water and soaping.

[Comparative Examples 1 to 9]
Using a cloth that is not pretreated with a toner of Example 1-8, after the printing in the apparatus of FIG. 2 to be described later, sodium silicate _{(Na 2 O · SiO 2)} ( 3% concentration) applied Then, it was left to stand for 20 hours, washed with water and soaped to make Comparative Examples 1-8. The dry toner of Comparative Example 9 was printed with a dry copying machine, coated with sodium silicate (Na ₂ O.SiO ₂ ) (concentration 3%), allowed to stand for 20 hours, washed with water and soaped.

  The results are shown in Table 1 below.

＊画像濃度はＸ−Ｒｉｔｅにより測定した。
＊ベタ均一性、にじみは段階見本による
（ランク５：最良、ランク１：悪）
＊染着率は、（染着、発色処理後ＩＤ／染着、発色処理前ＩＤ）×１００％で評価した。
＊平均粒径は島津ＳＡ−ＣＰ３にて測定した。

* Image density was measured by X-Rite.
* Solid uniformity and blurring are based on stage samples (rank 5: best, rank 1: bad)
* The dyeing rate was evaluated as (dyeing, ID after coloration treatment / ID before dyeing, coloration treatment ID) × 100%.
* The average particle size was measured with Shimadzu SA-CP3.

Next, an example in which the electrophotographic printing method according to the present invention is applied to a printing machine as an image forming apparatus will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an example of the electrophotographic printing method of the present invention. A charge is applied to the photoreceptor 2 by the charging voltage application member 1, and the charge in the non-image area is erased by exposure 3. As the photoreceptor 2, a selenium photoreceptor, an organic photoreceptor, or an amorphous silicon photoreceptor can be used. The surface potential of the photoreceptor is good in the range of 400v to 1600v.

The latent image on the photoreceptor 2 where the charge remains is developed with the liquid developer 5 supplied from the developing roller 4, the excess liquid developer 5 is removed with the squeeze roller 6, and the charge of the toner is transferred with the transfer voltage applying member 7. A voltage of a reverse charge is applied and transferred to the printing cloth 8.
The developing roller 4 rotates in the forward direction with the photosensitive member 2, the squeeze roller 6 rotates in the reverse direction, and the linear velocity with respect to the photosensitive member 2 is 1.2 to 6 times that of the developing roller 4, and the squeeze roller 6 is 1.2 times. Double to 4 times is effective. The transfer voltage is preferably in the range of 500 to 4000 v.

  After removing the liquid developer 5 not transferred to the printing cloth 8 and remaining on the photosensitive member 2 with the cleaning blade 9 and the cleaning roller 10, the photosensitive member 2 is discharged 11. Further, an image can be formed in the same manner by a developing method that erases the charge in the image portion and leaves the charge in the non-image portion.

FIG. 2 shows an example in which the transfer voltage applying member 7 of FIG. 1 is changed from a charger to a roller 7a, and other configurations are the same as those of FIG. Since the pressure during transfer can be applied as compared with the charger, the transferability is good even in the case of a printed fabric having rough surface and large irregularities. The transfer pressure is preferably 0.1 to 3 kg / cm ² .

FIG. 3 shows an example in which an intermediate transfer member 12 is added to the apparatus of FIG. Since a higher transfer pressure than that of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 can be applied, the transferability is good even in the case of the printed fabric 8 having a rough surface and large irregularities. The transfer pressure is preferably 0.1 to 5 kg / cm ² . However, since the solvent component in the toner is reduced at the time of the primary transfer to the intermediate transfer member 12 and the amount of solvent necessary for the secondary transfer from the intermediate transfer member 12 to the textile cloth 8 may be reduced, before the secondary transfer. It is effective to add a step of spraying a solvent to the intermediate transfer member.

1 is a first configuration diagram of an image forming apparatus to which an electrophotographic printing method of the present invention is applied. It is a 2nd block diagram of the image forming apparatus to which the electrophotographic textile printing method of this invention is applied. It is a 3rd block diagram of the image forming apparatus to which the electrophotographic textile printing method of this invention is applied.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Charging voltage provision member 2 Photoconductor 3 Exposure 4 Developing roller 5 Liquid developer 6 Squeeze roller 7 Member 7a Transfer voltage provision roller 8 Textile cloth 9 Cleaning blade 10 Cleaning roller 11 Static elimination 12 Intermediate transfer member

Claims (16)

  An electrophotographic printing method in which toner particles in which a colorant is dispersed are directly printed on a printed cloth by an electrophotographic method, wherein the transfer cloth is pretreated with an alkali. . A volume resistance of 10 ⁹ Ω · cm or more is an electrophotographic printing method in which a toner particle in which a colorant is dispersed in a carrier liquid having a high resistance and a low dielectric constant is used. An electrophotographic printing method characterized by being treated. A volume resistance of 10 ⁹ Ω · cm or more is an electrophotographic printing method in which a toner particle in which a colorant is dispersed in a carrier liquid having a high resistance and a low dielectric constant is used. An electrophotographic printing method, characterized by being pretreated with.   The electrophotographic printing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the alkali is sodium bicarbonate.   The electrophotographic printing method according to claim 1, wherein the colorant of the liquid toner in which the colorant is dispersed is a reactive dye.   6. The electrophotographic printing method according to claim 5, wherein the purity of the reactive dye in the liquid toner is 80 to 100%.   The electrophotographic printing method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the liquid toner contains a resin, and a part of the resin is made of an alkali-soluble resin or a water-soluble resin.   The electrophotographic printing method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the proportion of the alkali-soluble resin or the water-soluble resin in the resin component in the liquid toner is 10 to 80%.   9. The electrophotographic printing method according to claim 5, wherein the solubility of the alkali-soluble resin or water-soluble resin in the liquid toner in an alkali solution or water is 20 to 100% or more.   10. The electrophotographic printing method according to claim 5, wherein the acid value of the alkali-soluble or water-soluble resin in the liquid toner is 0 to 2000 mg / KOH.   11. The electron according to claim 5, wherein the colorant in the liquid toner is kneaded or flushed with the resin component in the presence of humic acid, humic acid salt or humic acid derivative. Photo printing method.   The electrophotographic printing method according to claim 5, wherein the liquid toner has an average particle size of 0.1 to 5 μm.   The electrophotographic printing method according to any one of claims 5 to 12, wherein the carrier liquid of the liquid toner is an aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon having a boiling point of 100 to 350 ° C.   The electrophotographic printing method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the electrostatic latent image is developed on the photosensitive member, and then the image is transferred by applying pressure with a transfer roller.   The electrophotographic image according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the electrostatic latent image is developed on a photosensitive member, the toner image is primarily transferred to an intermediate transfer member, and then the image is secondarily transferred. Textile printing method.   The linear velocity of the developing roller for developing the toner is 1.2 to 6 times that of the photosensitive member, and the linear velocity of the squeeze roller for removing excess solvent is 1.2 to 4 times. The electrophotographic printing method according to claim 14 or 15.

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