JP2005085642A - Stationary fuel cell power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stationary fuel cell power generation system where the security of the system can be maintained in the case of combustible gas leakage even if it is not continuously ventilated, and heat recovery efficiency is improved. <P>SOLUTION: In the fuel cell power generation system, a main body housing houses an electric control part where an electric control means and a power conversion means are housed in one electric article housing or an insulated field, a reforming means, a power generation means, and a heat recovery means. The electric control part is provided with an intake vent of the electric control part, communicating with the outside air, and provided with an exhaust vent of the electric control part, communicating with the inside of the main body housing. An air intake port for the reforming means or an air intake port for the power generation means are arranged in the front surface or the upper surface or the vicinity of the exhaust vent of the electric control part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a stationary fuel cell power generation system, and more particularly to a fuel cell power generation system installed outdoors such as a house.

  Conventionally, in a stationary fuel cell system, as shown in Patent Document 1, in order to ensure safety when a flammable gas leaks, a detector of flammable gas is provided and monitored, or a casing of the system body The area for handling the combustible gas inside the casing of the system main body is set to a negative pressure from the outside air so that even if the combustible gas leaks, it does not leak outside from the exhaust part.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, an air suction port that guides air to a blower that supplies air to a fuel cell main body and a reformer is opened at the upper part of the casing so that it stays at the upper part of the casing. A fuel cell power generation system capable of inhaling high-temperature air is disclosed.

JP 7-263008 A JP 2003-208915 A

  In the above-described conventional technique, the method of providing and monitoring a combustible gas detector may cause the substantial detection level to vary depending on the mounting position of the detector, and the detection level may vary due to changes over time. is there. In addition, even if flammable gas leaks in the system body casing or in the system body casing, where the flammable gas handling area is set to a negative pressure from the outside air, it will not leak outside the specified exhaust section. This method is appropriate for ensuring safety, but in order to maintain this negative pressure condition, the ventilation fan must be running at all times, which is suitable for a system that operates continuously at all times. However, in a system that repeatedly stops operation every day, it is necessary to operate the ventilation fan even when power is not generated. In the case of continuous ventilation, the surroundings of the reforming means and the power generation means are cooled by ventilation, which may reduce the heat recovery efficiency. Moreover, it cannot be said that the response | compatibility with respect to the ignition source inside a fuel cell power generation system is enough.

  The present invention provides a stationary fuel cell power generation system capable of maintaining the safety of the system and improving the heat recovery efficiency in the event of a flammable gas leak without always operating a ventilation fan or the like. The purpose is that.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in a stationary fuel cell power generation system, an electric control unit in which the electric control means and the power conversion means are housed in one electric product casing or an isolation region, and the fuel is reformed. Then, the reforming means for generating hydrogen, the power generation means for generating electricity by reacting hydrogen and oxygen in the air, and the heat recovery means are housed in the main body casing, and the electric control unit communicates with the outside air. An air inlet for reforming means is provided on the front surface or upper surface of the electric control unit exhaust port or in the vicinity of the electric control unit exhaust port. Alternatively, an air inlet for power generation means is arranged.

  In addition, an electric control unit in which the electric control means and the power conversion means are housed in one electrical component housing or an isolation region, a reforming means for reforming the fuel to generate hydrogen, hydrogen and oxygen in the air A power generation means for generating electricity by reacting with each other and a heat recovery means are housed in the main body casing, and an electric control section intake port communicating with the outside air is provided in the electric control section, in the vicinity of the electric control section inside the main body casing Provided with an air inlet for reforming means or an air inlet for power generation means so that the pressure around the electric control unit inside the main body casing is lower than that inside the electric control unit during power generation of the system. The air inside the main body casing is prevented from flowing into the electric control unit.

  In addition, by providing a fan that operates to ventilate in the intake direction at the intake port of the electric control unit, by operating the fan, the inside of the electric control unit is inside the main body housing of the stationary fuel cell power generation system. The air inside the main body casing was prevented from flowing into the electric control unit.

  In addition, by providing an electrical control unit air inlet on the floor of the main unit casing, air can flow into the main unit casing through the electric control unit by natural convection without forced intake. I have to.

  Further, by providing the electric control unit intake port below the radiator of the electric control unit, the outside air passes through the periphery of the radiator of the electric control unit and flows into the main body casing.

  In addition, by making the electric control unit an explosion-proof structure, even if a leaked combustible gas enters the electric control unit, there is no risk of ignition during operation of the electric control unit.

In addition, a fan that operates so as to ventilate in the intake direction is provided at the air inlet of the electric control unit, and a combustible gas detection means is provided inside the main body casing. Control was made to increase or decrease the air volume.

An air inlet for reforming means or an air inlet for power generation means is arranged at a position where the air temperature is high inside the main body casing to facilitate heat recovery.

  As described above, according to the present invention, in a stationary fuel cell power generation system, even if a flammable gas leaks, there is no risk of the flammable gas entering the electric control unit, and heat can be recovered safely and efficiently. Can provide a system.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a stationary fuel cell power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a main body casing of a stationary fuel cell power generation system, an electric control means 2 for controlling each part of the stationary fuel cell power generation system, and a commercial power source (display) by converting the generated DC power into AC power. The power conversion means 3 that is connected to the system and the radiator 4 that dissipates the heat generated by the power conversion means 3 are housed in an electrical housing 5 and constitutes an electrical control unit 6. Yes. The electric control means 2 and the power conversion means 3 are separated from the heat radiation space 8 of the radiator 4 by the partition wall 7. An electric control unit air inlet 10 is provided on the floor surface 9 of the main body housing 1, and communicates with the bottom surface of the heat radiation space 8 where the radiator 4 of the electric component housing 5 is located by the communication unit 12 through the filter 11. Yes. An electrical control unit exhaust port 13 is provided above the heat radiation space 8 on the upper surface of the electrical housing 5, and a power generation unit air suction port 14 is provided above the electrical control unit exhaust port 13. The air in the vicinity of the electric control unit exhaust port 13 is sucked in by a blower (not shown) built in the unit 14. The air inlet 14 for power generation means is connected to the power generation means 16 by a power generation air supply pipe 15. In addition, a reforming means air intake port 18 for supplying combustion air to the reforming means 17 that generates hydrogen from fuel such as city gas is provided in the vicinity of the electric control unit 6. The air inlet 18 is connected to the reforming means 17 by a combustion air supply pipe 19. A blower (not shown) is built in the reforming means air suction port 18 and is configured to suck air around the electric control unit 6 during the operation of the reforming means 17. . A fuel supply pipe 20 for supplying fuel is connected to the reforming means 17, and a reformed gas supply pipe 21 for supplying a reformed gas containing a large amount of hydrogen generated by the reforming means 17 to the power generation means 16, A pipe connection is made to the power generation means 16 via the heat recovery means 23. The power generation means 16 generates electricity by reacting hydrogen in the reformed gas with oxygen in the air. The power generation exhaust gas pipes 23 a and 23 b for the power generation exhaust gas after the power generation reaction in the power generation means 16 are connected to the reforming means 17 via the heat recovery means 22. A heat recovery water supply pipe 24 and a hot water outlet pipe 25 are connected to the heat recovery means 22 by piping. The reforming means 17 is provided with an exhaust pipe 26 for exhaust after combustion, and the exhaust pipe 26 is connected to an exhaust port 27 via a heat recovery means 22. In the heat recovery means 22, heat supplied from the reformed gas, power generation exhaust gas, and exhaust gas after combustion is generated by the water supplied from the heat recovery water supply pipe 24 to generate hot water. Output water. 28a and 28b are installation seats, and the floor surface 9 of the main body housing 1 is lifted from the installation surface (not shown) by these installation seats 28a and 28b. In this figure, the display is omitted for the pure water device that supplies moisture to the power generation means 16 and the reforming means 17, the condensed water drain trap that discharges condensed water, the on-off valve, and the like.

  In the stationary fuel cell power generation system having such a structure, since the air is sucked in by the air intake 14 for the power generation means and the air intake 18 for the reforming means during power generation, the periphery of the electric control unit 6 inside the body housing 1 is Since the atmospheric pressure is lower than the inside of the electric control unit 6 and the heat radiation space 8 of the electric control unit 6 communicates with the outside air, the outside air is sucked into the heat radiation space 8 through the electric control unit intake port 10 and the filter 11. Then, the air flows into the inside of the main body housing 1 from the electric control unit exhaust port 13. At this time, the air warmed by the heat radiation of the electric control unit 6 is sucked into the air intake port 14 for power generation means and the air suction port 18 for reforming means, so that the electric control unit 6 can easily dissipate heat. Heat can be recovered. Moreover, since the inside of the main body housing 1 has a lower pressure than the electric control unit 6, even if a flammable gas leaks during power generation, the gas does not enter the electric control unit 6. . The electric control means 2 and the power conversion means 3 are surrounded by an electrical component casing 5 and a partition wall 7, and the electric control means 2 and the power conversion means 3 seal mechanical contact portions and the like used therein. As an explosion-proof product, etc., the electric control unit 6 has an explosion-proof structure. Even if the flammable gas leaks while the fixed fuel cell power generation system stops generating power, the electric control unit 6 operates to convert it into a flammable gas. There is no risk of ignition. In addition, since the electric control unit intake port 10 is provided on the floor surface 9 of the main body housing 1 below the heat radiation space 8 and the electric control unit exhaust port 13 is provided above the heat radiation space 8, the stationary fuel cell power generation system However, when the power generation is stopped, the outside air passes through the heat radiation space 8 by natural convection and flows into the main body housing 1.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a stationary fuel cell system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Components having the same numbers as those in FIG. 1 are the same functional units as those in FIG. 1, and description thereof will be omitted. Further, as in FIG. 1, the description of a pure water device that supplies moisture to the power generation means 16 and the reforming means 17, a condensed water drain trap that discharges condensed water, an on-off valve, and the like is omitted. Reference numerals 13 a and 13 b denote electrical control unit exhaust ports provided in the electrical housing 5, and the electrical control unit exhaust ports 13 a and 13 b communicate with the heat radiation space 8 provided around the electrical control unit 2 and the power conversion unit 3. The electric control unit exhaust port 13a is provided in the upper part of the electric component housing 5 and the air intake port 14 for power generation means is provided in the vicinity thereof, and the electric control unit exhaust port 13b is provided on the side surface portion of the electric component casing 5. Therefore, an air inlet 18 for reforming means is provided in the vicinity. While the stationary fuel cell power generation system is in operation, the air intake 14 for the power generation means and the air intake 18 for the reforming means perform an intake operation, so that the air in the heat radiation space 8 inside the electric control unit 6 is the electric power. Suction is performed through the control unit exhaust ports 13a and 13b. In the present embodiment, the electric control unit intake port 10 is provided on the side surface of the main body casing 1, and the electric control unit intake port of the communication unit 12 that connects the heat radiation space 8 inside the electric control unit 6 and the electric control unit intake port 10. A fan 29 that operates to ventilate in the intake direction is provided inside the mouth 10, and while the stationary fuel cell power generation system is in operation, the fan 29 is rotated to dissipate heat generated by the electric control unit 6, and The inside of the control unit 6 is set to a higher pressure than the other inside of the main body casing 1, and even if a flammable gas leaks inside the main body casing, the gas is prevented from entering the inside of the electric control section 6. ing. A combustible gas detection means 30 is provided above the power generation means 16 inside the main body housing 1, and a signal line 31 for outputting a detection signal of the combustible gas detection means 30 is connected to the electric control means 2. In the unlikely event that combustible gas is detected, the combustible gas detection means 30 outputs a signal corresponding to the concentration of the combustible gas via the signal line 31, and the electric control unit 2 combusts in accordance with the signal. When the concentration of the combustible gas is lower than a preset allowable level at which there is no risk of explosion, the rotational speed of the fan 29 is increased to prevent the combustible gas from staying inside the main body housing 1. Further, when the concentration of the combustible gas is equal to or higher than a preset allowable level, the operation of the stationary fuel cell power generation system is immediately stopped and the occurrence of abnormality is notified by a predetermined means.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a stationary fuel cell system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Components having the same numbers as those in FIG. 2 are the same functional units as those in FIG. 2, and description thereof will be omitted. In addition, as in FIG. 2, notation is omitted for portions not related to the present invention. 3 is different from FIG. 2 only in the arrangement of the air inlet 14 for power generation means. In the third embodiment, the air intake 14 for power generation means is disposed between the heat recovery means 22 and the power generation means 16 having the highest air temperature in the main body casing 1 to improve the heat recovery efficiency. Yes. The arrangement of the air inlet 14 for the power generation means is not limited to the position between the heat recovery means 22 and the power generation means 16, and the heat recovery is achieved by disposing it at a position where the air temperature is high in the main body casing 1. Efficiency can be improved.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention described above, even if flammable gas leaks during the power generation operation of the stationary fuel cell power generation system, there is no risk of entering the electric control unit. There is no risk of leakage gas explosion. In addition, since the air that has dissipated the heat generated by the electric control unit is sucked and used during power generation operation, the loss of the electric control unit can be recovered and the heat efficiency can be improved. Since the air volume can be reduced, the power consumption can be reduced. In addition, by providing a fan that ventilates in the intake direction at the air inlet of the electric control unit, turning the fan makes the electric control unit at a higher pressure than the inside of the main body of the system. However, there is no risk of entering the electric control unit. In addition, by providing an air inlet for the electric control unit on the floor of the main unit housing, outside air can flow into the electric control unit due to natural convection even when the system is shut down, allowing cooling and ventilation, and combustible gas is supplied to the electric control unit. There is no risk of stagnation. Moreover, even if it is installed outdoors and it rains, there is no risk of rain entering the electric control unit. Further, by providing the electric control unit intake port on the lower side of the radiator of the electric control unit, convection of air around the radiator is facilitated, and heat radiation is facilitated. In addition, since the electric control unit has an explosion-proof structure, even if flammable gas enters the electric control unit, there is no possibility that the flammable gas will explode. In addition, a fan that operates to ventilate the electric control unit in the intake direction is provided, and a combustible gas detection means is provided inside the main body casing, and the air volume of the fan is increased or decreased by a detection signal of the combustible gas detection means. By controlling so that the flammable gas leaks, the flammable gas stays inside the enclosure by increasing the fan air flow within a level where the concentration of the flammable gas will not explode. Can be prevented. Further, the heat recovery efficiency can be improved by disposing the reforming means air suction port or the power generation means air suction port at a position where the air temperature is highest in the main body casing.

1 is a schematic block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention. The block block schematic diagram of the 2nd Example of this invention. The block block schematic diagram of the 3rd Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... This vs. housing | casing, 2 ... Electrical control means, 3 ... Power conversion means, 5 ... Electrical equipment housing | casing, 6 ... Electrical control part, 10 ... Electrical control part inlet port, 13 ... Electrical control part exhaust port, 14 ... Air intake port for power generation means, 16 ... Power generation means, 17 ... Reforming means, 18 ... Air suction port for reforming means, 22 ... Heat recovery means.

Claims (9)

Reaction between electric control means and electric power conversion means housed in one electrical component housing or isolation region, reforming means for reforming fuel to generate hydrogen, and hydrogen and oxygen in the air In the fuel cell power generation system in which the power generation means for generating power is housed in the main body housing,
The electric control unit includes an electric control unit intake port communicating with outside air and an electric control unit exhaust port communicating with the inside of the main body housing,
A fuel cell power generation system, wherein an air suction port for sucking air into the reforming unit or the power generation unit is disposed in the vicinity of the electrical control unit exhaust port.   In a stationary fuel cell power generation system, an electric control unit in which electric control means and power conversion means are housed in a single electric housing or isolation region, reforming means for reforming fuel to generate hydrogen, hydrogen A power generation means for generating electricity by reacting oxygen with oxygen in the air and a heat recovery means are housed in the main body housing, and an electric control section intake port communicating with the outside air is provided in the electric control section, In addition, an electrical control unit exhaust port is provided on the inner surface of the main body casing, and the air inlet for reforming means or the air intake port for power generation unit is disposed on the front surface, upper surface, or near the electrical control unit exhaust port. A stationary fuel cell power generation system.   Electric control means and electric power conversion means housed in one electrical product casing or isolation region, reforming means for reforming fuel to generate hydrogen, and reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in the air The power generation means for generating power and the heat recovery means are housed in the main body casing, and the electric control section is provided with an electric control section intake port that communicates with the outside air. The air intake for the quality control means or the air intake for the power generation means is provided so that the pressure around the electrical control unit inside the main body housing is lower than the inside of the electrical control unit during power generation of the system. A stationary fuel cell power generation system.   The stationary fuel cell power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a fan that operates to ventilate in an intake direction is provided at an intake port of the electric control unit.   The stationary fuel cell power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the electric control unit intake port is provided on a floor surface of the main body casing.   The stationary fuel cell power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electric control unit intake port is provided below the radiator of the electric control unit.   The stationary fuel cell power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electric control unit has an explosion-proof structure.   A fan that operates to ventilate in the intake direction is provided at the air inlet of the electric control unit, and a combustible gas detection means is provided inside the main body housing, and the air volume of the fan is determined by a detection signal of the combustible gas detection means. The stationary fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the stationary fuel cell power generation system is controlled to increase or decrease. The stationary fuel cell power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the air inlet for reforming means or the air inlet for power generation means is disposed at a position where the air temperature is high inside the main body casing. .

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