JP2005083017A - Roof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the maximum distance of a column from a building by installing the column at any position by using a same structural member even when a rafter is bent. <P>SOLUTION: This roof comprises a fixing tool 14. In the fixing tool, the bottom face of a front frame 4 is substantially positioned on the extension of the bottom face of an end rafter 1. An upper surface wall 3a fixed in contact with the lower surface of the end rafter is formed on a beam 3 and a male fitting part 3d having a projected curved surface of arc shape in cross section is formed on the lower part of the upper surface wall. A connection tool 13 having a female fitting part 13c with a recessed curved surface of a radius of curvature equal to the projected curved surface of the male fitting part of the beam is fixed to the upper end part of the column 2. After the male fitting part 3d of the beam is fitted to the female fitting part 13c and rotated around a common arc, the connection tool 13 is fixed to the beam 3. A first step is formed between the bottom face of the front frame and the end rafter, and a second step for supplementing the first step is formed in the upper surface wall of the beam. When the column is vertically installed on the rafter tip side, both steps are aligned with each other to overlap the front frame with a part of the beam. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is for roofs installed on terraces, balconies, carports, etc., in particular, roof materials are fixed between rafters and rafters and the front frame, and the rafters are supported by girders spanned between the upper ends of the columns. It relates to the roof which has the form to do.

  As shown for the terrace roof in FIG. 6, this type of roof R is generally supported by a girder 103 in which a plurality of rafters 101 are spanned between the upper ends of the columns 102. In this case, the upright position of the column is installed at a position farthest from the building H as indicated by a solid line in FIG. 6, and therefore the girder 103 is usually connected to the tip of the rafter 101. If the column cannot be erected at the position corresponding to the tip of the rafter due to the presence of underground objects or other reasons, the column 102 'is erected at the position close to the building B as shown by the chain line in FIG. In that case, the girder 103 ′ is also connected to the rafter at an intermediate position from the tip of the rafter 101 toward the building.

  Conventionally, in the case where the column is erected at the position (102) farthest from the building or at the intermediate position (102 '), the roof is made of a transparent acrylic panel or the like at the tip of the roof. A front frame 104 is provided to fix the lower edge of the material.

  When the rafter 101 is linear as in the example of FIG. 6, the connection angle of the girders 103 and 103 ′ to the rafter and the strut is constant regardless of the standing position of the struts 102 and 102 ′. There is no particular difficulty in connecting the girders, rafters and columns.

  However, some roofs use a rafter 1 whose bottom end is curved in order to improve the appearance. In this case, the connection angle of the girders to the rafters or the connection angle of the girders to the struts changes depending on the standing position of the struts. Therefore, the conventional connection structure of the rafters and struts of the girders cannot be used as they are. In addition, in the conventional roof, the front frame connected to the rafter has a shape that restricts the movement of the girder in the direction of the rafter tip, so the maximum separation distance of the column from the building is limited by the presence of the front girder. I was receiving.

Further, in order to save material, the conventional roof has a front frame integrally fixing a bottom edge of the panel 105 and receiving a rain gutter 106 for receiving rainwater flowing out from the upper surface of the panel, as illustrated in FIG. It is known that the front frame 104 also serves as a girder by providing the column connecting portion 104′a on 104 ′. However, in this case, when the support column 102 ′ is connected to the intermediate position of the rafter 101, it is necessary to prepare a girder 103 ′ different from the front frame 104 ′. Since a device that does not include 104'a is desired, there is a problem that the cost increases as a whole.
In FIG. 7, 107 is a vertical gutter drained from the gutter 106.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the first problem is that a new connecting structure of a rafter and a girder is used, so that the same constituent member can be obtained even when the lower portion of the rafter is curved. The object of the present invention is to provide a roof that can be used to install a column at an arbitrary position.

  The second problem is to make it possible to make the maximum separation distance of the column from the building larger than before.

  A third problem is to provide a connection structure that can easily cope with the curvature of rafters.

  In order to solve the first problem, a roof according to the present invention comprises a front frame having a bottom surface substantially extending on an extension of the bottom surface of the rafter, and a girder in contact with the bottom surface of the rafter. The upper wall to be fixed is provided with a male fitting portion having a convex curved surface having an arcuate cross section below the upper wall, and the upper end of the column has the same curvature as the convex curved surface of the male fitting portion of the girder. A connector having a female fitting portion having a concave curved surface having a radius is fixed, and the male fitting portion of the girder is fitted to the female fitting portion to rotate around a circular arc common to both curved surfaces. A fastener for fixing the connector and the beam after being moved is provided (claim 1).

  In order to solve the second problem, the roof according to the present invention is such that the front frame is attached such that the bottom surface of the roof slightly protrudes downward from the bottom surface of the rafter and forms a first step between the two surfaces. Is characterized in that a second step having a shape that complements the first step is formed (claim 2).

  In order to solve the third problem, the roof according to the present invention has a groove on the back side or the front side of the male fitting portion of the girder, and a concave curved arc in the female fitting portion of the connector. Is provided with a long hole having a long axis, and the fastener is screwed onto a bolt that is slidably fitted to the dovetail groove and a shaft that passes through the long hole of the bolt. It is characterized by comprising a nut (claim 3).

  The roof according to the invention of claim 1 has an upper wall to which the girder is fixed in contact with the lower surface of the rafter, and has a male fitting portion having a convex curved surface having a circular cross-sectional shape below the upper wall, A connector having a female fitting portion having a concave curved surface having a radius of curvature equal to the convex curved surface of the male fitting portion of the spar is fixed to the upper end portion of the column, and the male fitting portion of the spar is fitted to the female fitting. Since it has a fastener that fixes the connector and the girder after being fitted around the curved surface and rotated around the center of the arc common to both curved surfaces, The female fitting of the holding part of the coupling tool in which the male fitting part of the girder fixed to the lower surface of the rafter of the roofing rafter fixed to the predetermined height of the building is fixed to the upper end part of the column. When fitted to the part, the male fitting part and the female fitting part are relatively rotated around the common arc center and stabilized regardless of the standing position of the support column. It fitted in degrees, allowing the fastening of the girder the connecting member by fasteners.

  The roof according to the invention of claim 2 is attached so that the bottom surface of the front frame slightly protrudes downward from the bottom surface of the rafter to form a first step between both surfaces, and the first step is formed on the top wall of the girder. Since the second step of the shape to complement is formed, when the girder is connected to the middle position of the rafter, a thick stabilizer equal to the first step is placed on one side end of the upper surface wall of the girder. Intervened, the girder can be firmly connected to the rafter. When the girder is moved to the tip of the rafter, the first step between the lower surface of the front frame and the lower surface of the rafter can be fitted to the second step, and the front frame and the girder can be partially overlapped. Therefore, the maximum separation distance from the building of the support can be made larger than before.

  The roof according to the invention of claim 3 is provided with a groove on the back side or the front side of the male fitting portion of the girder, and a long hole having a long axis along the concave curved arc in the female fitting portion of the connector. The fastener includes a bolt that is slidably fitted to the head groove in the dovetail groove and a nut that is screwed to the shaft of the bolt that passes through the elongated hole. It is possible to easily cope with the change in the connection angle between the beam and the connecting tool according to the mounting position of the beam and the connection position of the beam to the rafter.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing the cross-sectional shape of a front frame and a girder according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the main part showing the connection structure of FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the roof according to the present invention when the column is erected at the middle position of the rafter, and FIG. It is principal part sectional drawing of the roof by this invention in a case.

  1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes rafters positioned at both ends in the width direction of the roof, that is, tsum rafters, and an edge of an acrylic panel (hereinafter simply referred to as a panel) as an example of a roofing material is provided near the upper end. It has the panel mounting part 1a to mount. Reference numeral 4 denotes a front frame, which has a panel mounting portion 4b at the upper end of the vertical wall 4a on the rafter side, and has a substantially rollover U-shaped panel end from the vicinity of the upper end of the vertical wall 4a to the side opposite to the panel mounting portion 4b. It has a receiving groove 4c for receiving the edge, and has a rain gutter part 4d formed in a curved L-shape on the opposite side of the rafter 1 from the lower end of the vertical wall 4a, and is more than the vertical wall of the bottom wall of the gutter part A protruding edge 4e that extends and protrudes on the rafter side is formed. The protruding edge 4e is bent in an L shape at the tip, and the longitudinal end of the rafter 1 is placed on the protruding edge.

  The connection between the front frame 4 and the rafter 1 is such that the longitudinal end of the rafter is placed on the protruding edge 4e of the front frame 4, the longitudinal end surface of the rafter is in contact with the vertical wall 4a of the front frame 4, and the rollover L-shape One side of the connecting bracket C is inserted into the end of the rafter 1 and fixed by a screw S1, and the other side of the connecting bracket C is connected to the vertical wall 4a of the front frame by a screw S2. In a connected state, a first step st1 is formed between the lower surface of the rafter 1 and the lower surface of the front frame 4 so that the latter is slightly lower.

  Reference numeral 8 in FIG. 1 denotes a cap that is attached to the end of the front frame 4 in the longitudinal direction and seals the end surface of the rain gutter 4d. The cap 8 has an insertion portion 8a that fits into the inner peripheral surface of the gutter 4d. doing.

2E in FIG. 2 is an intermediate rafter, which is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape like the wife rafter 1, and is provided with a panel placement portion 1aE having the same shape as the panel placement portion 1a of the wife rafter on both upper shoulders. It has been. The intermediate rafter 1E is also connected to the front frame 4 by screws S1 and S2 using a rollover L-shaped connecting fitting CE.
Further, each of the wife rafter and the intermediate rafter is connected to a known rafter not shown in the longitudinal direction, and the other end in the longitudinal direction is placed on the projecting edge 4e of the front frame 4 as described above. As shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 1, 3 is a girder coupled to the lower surface of each rafter, and is formed in a cylindrical shape. As shown in FIG. 3, the upper surface wall 3a and one end and the other end in the width direction of the upper surface wall A front wall 3b and a back wall 3c that extend downward from the vicinity of the portion, and a male fitting portion 3d that is continuous between the lower end portions of the front wall and the back wall and has a circular cross section, There is a mounting portion 3e extending to a position beyond the upper end of the back wall. The upper surface wall 3a has a step on the side of the front wall 3b from substantially the center in the width direction lower than the portion on the rear wall side, ie, a step having the same height as the first step st1 described above, that is, the first step A second step st2 having a shape that complements the step st1 is formed. Further, a dovetail groove 3f continuous in the longitudinal direction of the girder is formed in the rear side portion of the male fitting portion of the girder 3, and a stop portion 3g is formed in the upper end portion on the front side of the male fitting portion.

  Of the bolts 14a and nuts 14c constituting the fastener 14 described later, the head of the bolt 14a can be inserted into the dovetail groove 3f from the end in the longitudinal direction. The shaft of the bolt protrudes outward from the dovetail groove, and the nut 14c can be screwed after the washer 14b is inserted into the tip.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the girder 3 having the above structure is in contact with the lower surface of the rafter 1 and a hole (not shown) provided in the attachment portion 3 e as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The shaft of the penetrating bolt 9 is passed through the support fitting 10 attached to the protruding edge 1b of the rafter 1, and the nut 11 is screwed into the support fitting 10, thereby being coupled to the rafter.
When the girder 3 is separated from the front frame 4 as shown in FIG. 4, the step is equal to the second step st <b> 2, that is, the gap between the upper surface wall of the girder 3 and the lower surface of the rafter 1. The contact state of the girder 3 against the rafter 1 can be stabilized by interposing the thick stabilizer 12. When the girder 3 is moved in the direction of the front frame 4 as shown in FIG. 5, the projecting edge 4e of the front frame 4 and the bottom surface of the gutter 4d are fitted to the second step st2, and the girder 3 and Part of the front frame 4 can be overlapped.

On the other hand, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the connector 13 is fixed to the upper end portion of the column 2. The connector 13 includes a seat plate 13a, a fixed portion 13b that extends downward from the seat plate, is inserted into the hollow portion from the upper end portion of the support column 2 and is fixed, and an upper surface of the seat plate along the arc surface. And a female fitting portion 13c composed of a pair of rectangular curved plates 13c ₁ and 13c ₂ protruding upward. The fixing portion 13b is provided with a screw hole 13d for screwing a set screw 15 penetrating the upper end side surface of the support column. Further, the radius of curvature of the concave curved surface of the female fitting portion 13 c is equal to the radius of curvature of the convex curved surface of the male fitting portion 3 d of the girder 3. Further, the rectangular arc plate 13c ₂ of the rear side (the building side), the long hole 13e in the longitudinal direction having a major axis are formed.

  In FIG. 2, reference numeral 20 denotes a panel retainer for pressing the panel 5 in which the panel 5 is a rafter, and the periphery of each rafter and the front frame is placed on the panel placement portion. It is fixed by screwing a screw 21 penetrating each panel press into the groove 1c.

When the girder 3 attached to the position of the roof rafter 1 on the building side as shown in FIG. 4 is supported by the column 2 as shown in FIG. The girder 3 is fixed to a portion positioned above the support rafters, and a nut 11 is screwed into a bolt 9 penetrating the mounting portion 3e and the indicator fitting 10. In this case, the stabilizer 12 is interposed in the second step of the beam 3. Subsequently, the upper end portion of the column 2 that has not yet been planted on the ground is brought close to the girder 3, and the male fitting portion 3 d of the girder 3 is fitted to the female fitting portion 13 c of the connector 13. There the axis of the bolt 14a of the fastener which has been fitted in the groove 3f penetrating the long hole 13e of the rectangular curved plate 13c ₂ of the connector 13, the nut 14ac to the axis of the protruding bolt 14a from the rectangular curved plate 13c ₂ Tighten lightly. Then, the support | pillar 2 is made into a perpendicular state in the state. In that case, since the male fitting portion 3d and the female fitting portion 13c are curved and can be turned around the center of the arc, the column can be easily brought into a vertical state. Then, by completely tightening the nut 14c of the fastener, the wife rafter 1, the girder 3, and the support column 2 are coupled to each other. The support column 2 is planted in a hole having a lower end portion provided in the slab or the ground.

The girder 3 rotates around the center of the arc in a state in which the male fitting portion 3d is fitted to the female fitting portion 13c of the coupler 13, and the shaft of the bolt 14a stops at both ends of the long hole 13e. Can be rotated until When the shaft of the bolt is stopped by the lower end portion of the elongated hole, the tip portion of the rectangular curved plate 13c ₁ of the front side of the female fitting part 13c is stopped against the stop portion 3g of the male fitting portion 3d. Therefore, the force applied to the coupler 13 from the girder 3 is distributed to the front side rectangular curved plate 13c ₁ and the back side rectangular curved plate 13c ₂ . This increases the coupling strength of the coupler. However, the stop edge 3g is not necessarily provided.

  Next, when the column 2 is erected at a position where the separation distance from the building is maximized as shown in FIG. 5, the girder 3 is directed toward the distal end portion of the wife rafter 1 and the bottom surfaces of the wife rafter 1 and the front frame 4. The first step st1 between them and the second step st2 on the upper surface wall of the spar 3 are moved to a position where they coincide with each other and the spar 3 is fixed to the rafter 1 with bolts nuts 9 and 11. In this case, it goes without saying that no stabilizer is interposed between the girders 3 and the rafters. Next, the connecting tool 13 coupled to the upper end of the column 2 is brought close to the spar 3, the male fitting part 3d of the spar is fitted to the female fitting part 13c, and the bolt nuts 9 and 11 are temporarily fixed. After the support column 2 is made vertical in this state, the bolt nuts 9 and 11 are finally tightened to join the beam and the connecting tool. And the lower end part of the support | pillar is planted and fixed in the hole provided in the slab or the earth.

  In the above embodiment, the first step st <b> 1 is provided between the bottom surface of the wife rafter 1 and the bottom surface of the front frame 3, and the second step st <b> 2 that matches the first step is provided on the top wall of the girder 3. As shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to overlap a part of the girder 3 with a part of the front frame 4, so that the maximum separation distance of the column 2 from the building is the building side of the front frame. About 100 mm can be taken larger than the conventional roof in which a girder is provided at a position close to. Moreover, the effect of completely preventing the movement of the girder 3 fixed to the rafter 1 in the front frame direction due to the matching of the steps is obtained.

  The dovetail groove 3f and the stop 3g of the spar 3 can be provided on the front side and the back side of the spar, respectively, contrary to the example of FIG.

  4 and 5, reference numerals 16 and 17 denote elbows and guide gutters that guide rain water flowing down from the gutters of the front frame 4 to the ground.

  Even when the bottom surface of the front frame is made continuous with the bottom surface of the wife rafter, and the upper surface wall 3a of the girder 3 is a flat surface, a part of the girder 3 can be overlapped with a part of the front frame 4. Therefore, the first step and the second step on the upper surface wall of the girder 3 are not indispensable configurations between the bottom surface of the wife rafter 1 and the bottom surface of the front frame 3.

The principal part sectional drawing which shows the cross-sectional shape of the front frame and girder of the roof by this invention. XX sectional drawing of FIG. The disassembled perspective view of the principal part which shows the connection structure of the coupling tool attached to the upper end part of a support | pillar, and a girder. Sectional drawing of the principal part of the roof by this invention when a support | pillar is erected in the middle position of a rafter. Sectional drawing of the principal part of the roof by this invention when a support | pillar is erected in the front-end | tip position of a rafter. The side view which shows a general roof. The principal part sectional drawing explaining the problem accompanying the side of the support | pillar position in the conventional roof.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tsum rafter 2 support | pillar 3 digit 3a upper surface wall 3d male fitting part 3f dovetail groove st2 2nd level | step difference 4 front frame st1 1st level | step difference 13 coupling tool 13c female fitting part

Claims (3)

In the roof that supports the rafters by fixing the roofing material between the rafters and the rafters and the front frame, and supporting the rafters by the girders that span the upper ends of the columns,
The front frame includes a bottom surface substantially existing on an extension of the bottom surface of the rafter,
The girder is provided with a male fitting portion having an upper wall fixed in contact with the lower surface of the rafter, and having a convex curved surface having a circular cross-sectional shape below the upper wall,
A connector having a female fitting portion having a concave curved surface with a radius of curvature equal to the convex curved surface of the male fitting portion of the girder is fixed to the upper end portion of the column, and the male fitting portion of the girder is A roof provided with a fastener for fixing the coupling tool and the girder after being fitted to a female fitting portion and rotated about a common arc center for both curved surfaces.   The front frame is attached so that its bottom surface slightly protrudes downward from the bottom surface of the rafter and forms a first step between both surfaces, and a second wall having a shape that complements the first step on the upper wall of the girder. The roof according to claim 1, wherein a step is formed. A groove is formed on the back side or the front side of the male fitting portion of the girder, and a long hole having a long axis is provided in the female fitting portion of the connector along the arc of the concave curved surface. 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: a bolt having a head slidably fitted in the dovetail groove; and a nut screwed onto a shaft penetrating the elongated hole of the bolt. The described roof.

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