JP2005082976A - Semi-underground flat bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank and construction method of the same - Google Patents

Semi-underground flat bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank and construction method of the same Download PDF

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JP2005082976A
JP2005082976A JP2003312961A JP2003312961A JP2005082976A JP 2005082976 A JP2005082976 A JP 2005082976A JP 2003312961 A JP2003312961 A JP 2003312961A JP 2003312961 A JP2003312961 A JP 2003312961A JP 2005082976 A JP2005082976 A JP 2005082976A
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tank
semi
underground
liquid storage
embankment
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JP3823253B2 (en
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Toshinobu Maenaka
敏伸 前中
Takao Ueda
貴夫 上田
Yuukifu Konishi
優貴夫 小西
Hideaki Kawarabayashi
英彰 河原林
Koichi Sagara
浩一 相良
Kazuo Shiobara
一男 塩原
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JFE Engineering Corp
Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd
Takenaka Doboku Co Ltd
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JFE Engineering Corp
Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd
Takenaka Doboku Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a semi-underground flat bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank and its construction method by excavating the ground and constructing a flat bottom cylindrical tank on the excavated bottom face and filling a banking material so as to work an inward pressure in contact with the outer peripheral face of the tank body. <P>SOLUTION: The ground is excavated down as deep as a semi underground depth and a flat bottomed cylindrical tank for storing a low temperature liquid is installed on the excavated bottom face and a slide face is formed at the outer peripheral face of the tank and further, a banking earth is filled up to a certain height so as to work the earth pressure inward on the outer peripheral face of the tank body by use of the excavated earth or the like. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は、地盤を掘削してその掘削底面上に平底円筒形状タンクを構築し、更に前記掘削土その他の土をタンク躯体の外周面に接して内向きの圧力を働くように盛り土を築いてなる半地下形式で平底円筒形状の液体貯蔵用タンク及びその構築方法の技術分野に属する。   The present invention excavates the ground, constructs a flat bottom cylindrical tank on the bottom of the excavation, and further lays the embankment so that the excavated soil and other soils are in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tank housing to exert inward pressure. It belongs to the technical field of a flat-bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank and its construction method.

液化天然ガス（ＬＮＧ）などの低温液体を貯蔵する既存の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクは、図３に例示した地下式タンクと、図４に例示した地上式タンクのほか、下記の特許文献１、２に開示されているような半地下式タンクに大別される。   An existing flat bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank for storing a low-temperature liquid such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) includes the underground tank illustrated in FIG. 3 and the above-ground tank illustrated in FIG. 2 is roughly divided into semi-underground tanks as disclosed in FIG.

図３に例示した地下式タンクは、鉄筋コンクリート造の地中連続壁１を山留めとして構築し、その内部地盤を所定の深さまで掘削した後、その掘削底面上に先ず鉄筋コンクリート造の底板２を構築する。次いでタンク側壁３を構築し、それぞれの内面部に保冷材４と金属製のメンブレン５を取り付けて平底円筒形タンクを完成している。貯蔵液６は金属製メンブレン５で収容するが、万が一貯蔵液６が金属製メンブレン５から漏れ出した場合のバリアとして、凍結した底板２やタンク側壁３、及び地中連続壁１、更には地中連続壁１の外周の凍結地盤７で保持する構造となっている。外周地盤中には凍結領域を制御するヒーター８が埋設されている。   The underground tank illustrated in FIG. 3 is constructed by using a reinforced concrete underground continuous wall 1 as a mountain stop, excavating the internal ground to a predetermined depth, and then first constructing a reinforced concrete bottom plate 2 on the bottom of the excavation. . Next, the tank side walls 3 are constructed, and a cold insulating material 4 and a metal membrane 5 are attached to each inner surface portion to complete a flat bottom cylindrical tank. The storage liquid 6 is accommodated in the metal membrane 5, but as a barrier in case the storage liquid 6 leaks out of the metal membrane 5, the frozen bottom plate 2, the tank side wall 3, the underground continuous wall 1, and the ground The structure is held by the frozen ground 7 on the outer periphery of the middle continuous wall 1. A heater 8 for controlling the freezing region is embedded in the outer peripheral ground.

図４に例示した地上式タンクは、その中でもＰＣＬＮＧタンクと呼ばれる構造形式のもので、直下の地盤中に支持杭９…を堅固な支持地盤に届く深さまで打設し、その上に鉄筋コンクリート造の基礎版１０とプレストレストコンクリート製のＰＣ防波堤１１を構築している。前記ＰＣ防波堤１１の内部に金属製の内槽１２を構築し、タンク外槽１３との間に保冷層１４が形成されている。基礎版１０の中には底部ヒーター１５が敷設されている。通常貯蔵液６は金属製の内槽１２で収容しているが、万が一内槽１２から貯蔵液が漏れ出した場合のバリアとして、ＰＣ防波堤１１と基礎版１０が貯蔵液を保持する構造となっている。   The above-ground tank illustrated in FIG. 4 is of a structural type called a PCLNG tank, and a support pile 9 is placed in the ground directly below to a depth that reaches a solid support ground, and a reinforced concrete structure is formed thereon. The base plate 10 and prestressed concrete PC breakwater 11 are constructed. A metal inner tank 12 is constructed inside the PC breakwater 11, and a cold insulation layer 14 is formed between the tank outer tank 13. A bottom heater 15 is laid in the base plate 10. Normally, the storage liquid 6 is stored in the metal inner tank 12, but the PC breakwater 11 and the base plate 10 hold the storage liquid as a barrier when the storage liquid leaks out of the inner tank 12. ing.

次に、下記の特許文献１に開示された半地下低温液体貯蔵タンクは、低温液体を貯蔵する内設タンクの外周に、同内設タンクを取り囲む配置でタンク貯蔵液の流出及び漏洩を防止するコンクリート製の側壁と底壁から成るハイダイクを設けている。そして、前記ハイダイクがコンクリート肌をむき出しにする外観上の違和感を解消するため、側壁外周に盛り土を行った構成である。前記ハイダイク側壁が低温収縮し、盛り土が凍結すると両者間に間隙を生ずる不都合を解消するため、前記間隙中に膨脹性物質、例えば膨脹コンクリートを圧入充填する旨の記載も認められる。   Next, the semi-underground cryogenic liquid storage tank disclosed in the following Patent Document 1 prevents the outflow and leakage of the tank storage liquid in an arrangement surrounding the internal tank on the outer periphery of the internal tank that stores the cryogenic liquid. A high dyke consisting of a concrete side wall and a bottom wall is provided. And in order to eliminate the discomfort in the appearance that the high dyke exposes the concrete skin, the outer periphery of the side wall is filled. In order to eliminate the inconvenience that a gap is formed between the high dyke side wall and the embankment freezes when the embankment shrinks at a low temperature, it is also recognized that an inflatable substance, for example, expanded concrete is press-fitted into the gap.

特許文献２に開示された地中タンクは、鋼管パイルを円形配置に打って構築した山留め壁の内側に、鉄筋コンクリート造のタンク側壁部を地表面に突き出す高さに構築し、これらを山留めに利用して掘削を行う。そして、前記鋼管パイルの外周に、前記掘削土を使用した盛り土を行う。更に、前記盛り土の土圧が加わることによりタンク側壁部の最下端に働くモーメントが過大にならないように、換言すれば、地表面部の位置に作用する盛り土のモーメントが零となるように、前記盛り土の中に水平方向内向きのアンカーを設置した構成とされている。   The underground tank disclosed in Patent Document 2 is constructed on the inside of the retaining wall constructed by placing steel pipe piles in a circular arrangement, and the side wall of the reinforced concrete structure is constructed to protrude to the ground surface, and these are used for retaining And drilling. Then, embankment using the excavated soil is performed on the outer periphery of the steel pipe pile. Furthermore, the moment acting on the bottom end of the tank side wall is not excessive due to the earth pressure of the bank being filled, in other words, the bank moment acting on the position of the ground surface is zero. It is set as a horizontal inward anchor in the embankment.

実開昭５７−５６００号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-5600 特公平１−１８２３４号公報Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-18234

図３に例示した地下式タンクの場合は、景観の保持性には優れるけれども、当該タンクの構築に際して、タンクの深さ（地下１５メートル〜７０メートル）に相当する地盤の掘削が必要である。必然、仮設構造物である地中連続壁１を構築しなければならない上に、地盤を掘削した掘削残土が大量に発生するので、これを現今の厳しい環境保全基準に照らして適法、適正に処理しなければならないという大きな問題がある。
図４に例示した地上式のＰＣＬＮＧタンクの場合は、景観の保持が難しい上に、タンク構築に際して大量の支持杭９…を支持地盤に届く深さまで打設しなければならないので、施工に伴う騒音や振動の問題、及び施工効率の低下が懸念される。また、プレストレストコンクリート製のＰＣ防波堤１１にはプレストレスを導入しなければならないので、施工が難しく、手間がかかるという問題点もある。 In the case of the underground tank illustrated in FIG. 3, the retainability of the landscape is excellent, but when the tank is constructed, excavation of the ground corresponding to the depth of the tank (15 to 70 meters underground) is necessary. Inevitably, the underground continuous wall 1 that is a temporary structure must be constructed, and a large amount of excavated residual soil is generated by excavating the ground. This is legally and appropriately treated according to the current strict environmental conservation standards. There is a big problem that has to be done.
In the case of the above-ground PCLNG tank illustrated in FIG. 4, it is difficult to maintain the landscape, and a large amount of support piles 9 must be driven to a depth that reaches the support ground when constructing the tank. There is a concern about problems of vibration and vibration, and a decrease in construction efficiency. Moreover, since prestress must be introduced into the PC breakwater 11 made of prestressed concrete, there is a problem that construction is difficult and time-consuming.

次に、上記特許文献１に記載された半地下低温液体貯蔵タンクは、低温液体を貯蔵する内設タンクの外周に同内設タンクを取り囲む配置でタンク貯蔵液の流出及び漏洩を防止するコンクリート製のハイダイク（側壁と底壁）を設けた点、及びハイダイクがコンクリート肌をむき出しにする外観上の違和感を解消する目的で側壁外周に盛り土を行った構成を注目できる。しかし、盛り土の土圧は直接内設タンクに働くものではなく、ハイダイクの側壁に働く構成である。ハイダイクの側壁が低温収縮し、盛り土が凍結すると、両者間に間隙を生ずる。この不都合を解消するため、前記間隙中に膨脹性物質（膨脹コンクリート）を圧入充填する旨の記載から明らかなように、盛り土の土圧を常時有効にハイダイクの側壁に作用させることが難しい構成である。   Next, the semi-underground cryogenic liquid storage tank described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 is a concrete made of a concrete which prevents outflow and leakage of the tank storage liquid in an arrangement surrounding the internal tank on the outer periphery of the internal tank that stores the cryogenic liquid. It is possible to pay attention to the structure in which the outer periphery of the side wall is filled in order to eliminate the discomfort in the appearance that the high dyke bares the concrete skin. However, the earth pressure of the embankment does not work directly on the internal tank but works on the side walls of the high dyke. When the side wall of the high dyke shrinks at a low temperature and the embankment freezes, a gap is formed between them. In order to eliminate this inconvenience, it is difficult to apply the earth pressure of the embankment to the side wall of the high dyke at all times, as is clear from the description that the expansive substance (expanded concrete) is press-fitted into the gap. is there.

特許文献２に開示された地中タンクも半地下式であり、山留め壁の内側の鉄筋コンクリート造タンク側壁部を地表面に突き出す高さに構築し、山留め壁の外周に、前記掘削土を使用した盛り土を行う点が注目される。しかし、前記盛り土はタンク保安の規則上必要とされるタンク貯蔵液の漏出防止用突堤の代替え手段にすぎないものである。そして、前記盛り土の土圧が加わることによりタンク側壁部の最下端に働くモーメントが過大にならないように、つまり地表面部の位置に作用する盛り土のモーメントが零となるように前記盛り土の中に水平方向内向きのアンカーを設置した構成が注目されるにすぎない。   The underground tank disclosed in Patent Document 2 is also a semi-underground type, and is constructed at a height protruding the reinforced concrete tank side wall inside the retaining wall to the ground surface, and the excavated soil is used on the outer periphery of the retaining wall. Attention is paid to the embedding. However, the above-mentioned embankment is only an alternative to the jetty for preventing leakage of tank storage liquid, which is required by the regulations of tank security. In addition, in order to prevent the moment acting on the bottom end of the tank side wall from becoming excessive due to the earth pressure of the bank being filled, that is, so that the moment of the bank acting on the position of the ground surface becomes zero. Only a configuration in which a horizontal inward anchor is installed is noted.

本発明の目的は、第一に、タンク躯体に接して内向きに土圧を働く盛り土をすべり面の上に構築して積極的に活用し、タンク躯体に内側から作用する貯蔵液に起因する水平力（液圧）に対する抵抗力に利用して貯液性能を高めること、第二に、半地下式タンクの特徴を生かして盛り土量と地盤の掘削土量をバランスさせ、掘削土を盛り土に消費することで掘削残土の処理の問題を解決すること、第三に、仮設構造物である地中連続壁の構築を無用にすることにより工期の短縮と工費の削減を達成し、更に環境負荷の軽減、景観の維持性能に優れた半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクの構築方法及び半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクを提供することである。   The object of the present invention is primarily due to the storage liquid acting on the tank housing from the inside by constructing and actively utilizing the embankment that works the earth pressure in contact with the tank housing on the sliding surface. Improve liquid storage performance by using resistance to horizontal force (hydraulic pressure). Second, make use of the characteristics of semi-underground tanks to balance the amount of embankment with the amount of excavated soil. By using it, the problem of disposal of excavated soil will be solved. Thirdly, the construction period will be shortened and the construction cost will be reduced by eliminating the construction of the underground continuous wall, which is a temporary structure. It is intended to provide a semi-underground flat-bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank and a semi-underground flat-bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank that are excellent in reducing landscape and maintaining landscape.

上述した従来技術の課題を解決するための手段として、請求項１に記載した発明に係る半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクの構築方法は、
半地下式となる程度の深さまで地盤２０を掘削し、その掘削底面上に低温液体貯蔵用の平底円筒形状タンク２１を構築し、前記タンクの外周にすべり面２３を形成し、その上に前記掘削土等を用いタンク躯体の外周面に接して内向きに土圧を働く盛り土２４を一定の高さまで築くことを特徴とする。 As a means for solving the above-described problems of the prior art, a method for constructing a semi-underground flat bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank according to the invention described in claim 1 is as follows:
The ground 20 is excavated to a depth of a semi-underground type, a flat bottom cylindrical tank 21 for cryogenic liquid storage is constructed on the bottom of the excavation, a sliding surface 23 is formed on the outer periphery of the tank, and the above-mentioned It is characterized in that the embankment 24 that works the earth pressure inward in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tank frame using excavated soil or the like is built up to a certain height.

請求項２に記載した発明は、請求項１に記載した半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクの構築方法において、
タンク躯体の底版２又は１０の中には水平面状の配置で、及びタンク躯体の外周面に接して内向きに土圧を働く盛り土２４の中にはタンク躯体の外周を取り囲む垂直面状の配置でそれぞれ、直下地盤及び盛り土２４の凍結領域を制御するヒーター２５又は２６を設置することを特徴とする。 The invention described in claim 2 is a method for constructing a semi-underground flat bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank according to claim 1,
A horizontal plane arrangement in the bottom plate 2 or 10 of the tank casing, and a vertical plane arrangement surrounding the outer periphery of the tank casing in the embankment 24 in which earth pressure is applied inwardly in contact with the outer peripheral face of the tank casing. The heaters 25 or 26 for controlling the freezing area of the direct base plate and the embankment 24 are installed respectively.

請求項３に記載した発明は、請求項１に記載した半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクの構築方法において、
掘削底面地盤がタンク重量を十分安全に支持できない場合には、杭基礎を構築し、その上に低温液体貯蔵用の平底円筒形状タンク２１を構築することを特徴とする。 The invention described in claim 3 is the construction method of the semi-underground flat bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank according to claim 1,
When the excavation bottom ground cannot sufficiently support the tank weight, a pile foundation is constructed, and a flat bottom cylindrical tank 21 for cryogenic liquid storage is constructed thereon.

請求項４に記載した発明は、請求項１に記載した半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクの構築方法は、
盛り土２４のすべり面２３は掘削法面に内部摩擦角の小さい砂の層を敷設して、又はシートを複数枚重ね合わせたものを敷設して形成し、同盛り土２４の表面は補強土工法によって安定化させ、又は植物を植えて緑化させることを特徴とする。 The invention described in claim 4 is a method for constructing a semi-underground flat-bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank according to claim 1,
The slip surface 23 of the embankment 24 is formed by laying a layer of sand having a small internal friction angle on the excavation surface or by laying a plurality of sheets stacked together, and the surface of the embankment 24 is formed by a reinforced earth method. It is characterized by being stabilized or planted and planted.

請求項５に記載した発明に係る半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクは、
半地下式となる程度の深さまで地盤２０を掘削した掘削底面上に低温液体貯蔵用の平底円筒形状タンク２１を構築して成り、前記タンクの外周に、すべり面２３を形成した上に前記掘削土等を用いタンク躯体の外周面に接して内向きに土圧を働く盛り土２４を一定の高さまで築いていることを特徴とする。 A semi-underground flat bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank according to the invention described in claim 5 is:
A flat bottom cylindrical tank 21 for cryogenic liquid storage is constructed on the excavation bottom surface where the ground 20 has been excavated to a depth of a semi-underground type, and the excavation is performed after a sliding surface 23 is formed on the outer periphery of the tank. It is characterized in that the embankment 24 that works the earth pressure inward in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tank housing using soil is built up to a certain height.

請求項１〜４に記載した発明に係る半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクの構築方法および前記方法により構築される請求項５に記載した発明に係る半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクによれば、盛り土２４の土圧を積極的に、且つ直接タンク躯体へ常時働かせる構成であるから、タンク躯体に導入する内側から作用する貯蔵液６に起因する水平力（液圧）に対する抵抗力として利用でき、タンク躯体にプレストレスを軽微なものとするか、又は導入しないでも貯液性能を高めることができる。
人工的にすべり面２３を形成しその上に盛り土２４を築いているから、盛り土２４の土圧は確実に（積極的に）効率よくタンク躯体に働くから、前記貯液性能の向上に資するところが大である。盛り土の土圧は、地震時にタンク躯体及びその中の貯蔵液に作用する水平力に対しても抵抗するので、耐震性の向上も期待できる。 A semi-underground flat bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank according to the invention described in claims 1 to 4 and a semi-underground flat bottom cylindrical liquid storage according to claim 5 constructed by the method. According to the tank for use, the earth pressure of the embankment 24 is positively and constantly applied directly to the tank housing, so that the horizontal force (fluid pressure) caused by the storage liquid 6 acting from the inside introduced into the tank housing is prevented. It can be used as a resistance force, and can reduce the prestress in the tank housing, or can improve the liquid storage performance without introducing it.
Since the sliding surface 23 is artificially formed and the embankment 24 is built thereon, the earth pressure of the embankment 24 reliably (actively) acts on the tank housing efficiently, which contributes to the improvement of the liquid storage performance. It ’s big. Since the earth pressure of the embankment resists horizontal forces acting on the tank housing and the stored liquid in the event of an earthquake, an improvement in earthquake resistance can be expected.

また、半地下式タンクの特徴を生かして盛り土量と地盤の掘削土量をバランスさせることにより、地盤の掘削土を全部盛り土２４に使い切り、掘削残土の処理の問題を合理的に、ほとんど外注コスト（場外処分費、購入土費用など）を必要とすることなく解決でき、環境保全にも寄与する。しかも半地下式タンクの特徴を生かして地盤を掘削することにより仮設構造物である地中連続壁の構築を無用にできるから、その費用と手間（工期）を削減できる。   In addition, by taking advantage of the characteristics of the semi-underground tank to balance the amount of embankment with the amount of excavated soil, all the excavated soil in the ground is used up for the embankment 24, and the problem of disposal of the remaining excavated soil is rational, almost outsourced. It can be solved without the need for off-site disposal costs, purchased soil costs, etc., and contributes to environmental conservation. Moreover, the construction of the underground continuous wall, which is a temporary structure, can be made unnecessary by excavating the ground by taking advantage of the characteristics of the semi-underground tank, so that the cost and labor (work period) can be reduced.

その上、掘削底面が直接基礎構造のための地耐力が不足して杭基礎が必要である場合でも、地上式タンクに比較すれば、支持層までの距離が短縮され、掘削に起因する杭コストの低減が図れるし、地下水位が高い場合にはその浮力を設計荷重に考慮できる。
勿論、タンク貯蔵液の冷熱により盛り土２４が凍結すると、これを貯蔵液６が漏れ出した場合のバリアとして利用できる。但し、盛り土２４を含む地盤の凍結が無闇に拡大する不都合は、盛り土２４及び底版１０の中に配置したヒータ２５及び２６（請求項２）で制御し解決することができる。
半地下式のタンクで、しかもその外周に盛り土２４をするから、景観の保持性能にも優れる。盛り土２４は法面を補強土工法により安定性を高めるほか、植物を植えて緑化する（請求項４）ことにより景観の維持、保持性能を一層高められる。 In addition, even when the foundation of the excavation is not sufficient for the foundation structure and the pile foundation is necessary, the distance to the support layer is reduced compared to the above-ground tank, and the cost of the pile due to excavation is reduced. The buoyancy can be taken into consideration in the design load when the groundwater level is high.
Of course, when the embankment 24 is frozen by the cold heat of the tank storage liquid, it can be used as a barrier when the storage liquid 6 leaks out. However, the inconvenience that the freezing of the ground including the embankment 24 expands without darkness can be controlled and solved by the heaters 25 and 26 arranged in the embankment 24 and the bottom plate 10 (Claim 2).
Since it is a semi-underground tank and the embankment 24 is provided on the outer periphery thereof, it also has excellent landscape retention performance. In addition to enhancing the stability of the slope 24 by a reinforced earth method, the maintenance and maintenance performance of the landscape can be further enhanced by planting and planting the plant (claim 4).

半地下式となる程度の深さまで地盤２０を掘削し、その掘削底面上に低温液体貯蔵用の平底円筒形状タンク２１を構築する。そして、前記タンク２１の外周にすべり面２３を形成し、その上に前記掘削土等を用いタンク躯体の外周面に接して内向きに土圧を働く盛り土２４を一定の高さまで築く。盛り土２４の表面は補強土工法によって安定化させ、又は植物を植えて緑化させる。   The ground 20 is excavated to a depth of a semi-underground type, and a flat bottom cylindrical tank 21 for storing a cryogenic liquid is constructed on the excavation bottom surface. Then, a slip surface 23 is formed on the outer periphery of the tank 21, and the embankment 24 or the like is used to lay the embankment 24 that applies the earth pressure inward in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tank frame. The surface of the embankment 24 is stabilized by a reinforced earth method, or a plant is planted and greened.

図１に示した半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクは、建設地の地盤２０をタンクが半地下式となる程度の深さ（例えば５ｍ〜１５ｍぐらい）まで、山留めを必要としないぐらいに法勾配を充分に確保して広く掘削し、その掘削底面上に低温液体貯蔵用の平底円筒形状タンク２１を構築した例を示している。因みに当該タンク２１は、既往の技術（例えば図３）と同様に、鉄筋コンクリート造の底版２と側壁３を構築し、各々の内面部に低温液体６を貯蔵する内槽を形成する保冷材４と金属製のメンブレン５を取り付けてタンク躯体が構築されている。
なお、掘削底面が図示した直接基礎構造ではタンク重量を支持する地耐力を十分安全に得られない場合には、掘削底面の下にタンク重量を支持する杭基礎を構築し、その上に低温液体貯蔵用の平底円筒形状タンク２１を構築する（請求項３に記載した発明）。この場合、地上式タンクに比較すれば、支持層までの距離が短縮され、杭長が短いから、杭コストの低減が図れる。地下水位が高い場合にはその浮力を設計荷重に考慮に入れることができる。
上記タンク２１の外周には、地盤の掘削法面に、当該地盤２０のすべり線に沿って所謂すべり面２３を人工的に形成する。その上に、先の地盤掘削で発生した掘削土をそのまま用い、又は掘削土を人工的な補強材で強化した強化土を用い、前記タンク２１の躯体（前記側壁３）の外周面に接して常時内向きに土圧を働く盛り土２４を一定の高さまで築いている（以上、請求項１に記載した発明）。 The semi-underground flat-bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank shown in FIG. 1 does not require mounting of the ground 20 of the construction site to such a depth that the tank becomes semi-underground (for example, about 5 to 15 m). Fig. 2 shows an example of excavating widely with a sufficient gradient and constructing a flat bottom cylindrical tank 21 for storing cryogenic liquid on the bottom of the excavation. Incidentally, the tank 21 is constructed of a reinforced concrete bottom slab 2 and a side wall 3 as in the past technology (for example, FIG. 3), and a cold insulating material 4 for forming an inner tank for storing the cryogenic liquid 6 on each inner surface. A tank housing is constructed by attaching a metal membrane 5.
If the ground foundation that supports the tank weight cannot be obtained sufficiently safely with the direct foundation structure shown on the bottom of the excavation, a pile foundation that supports the tank weight is constructed below the bottom of the excavation, and the cryogenic liquid is A flat bottom cylindrical tank 21 for storage is constructed (invention according to claim 3). In this case, compared to the above-ground tank, the distance to the support layer is shortened and the pile length is short, so that the pile cost can be reduced. When the groundwater level is high, the buoyancy can be taken into account in the design load.
On the outer periphery of the tank 21, a so-called slip surface 23 is artificially formed on the ground excavation surface along the slip line of the ground 20. In addition, the excavated soil generated in the previous ground excavation is used as it is, or the reinforced soil obtained by strengthening the excavated soil with an artificial reinforcing material is used in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tank 21 (side wall 3). The embankment 24 that works the earth pressure inward always is built up to a certain height (the invention described in claim 1 above).

上記盛り土２４のすべり面２３は、具体的には、内部摩擦角の小さい砂を適度な厚さに敷いた砂層として、又は合成樹脂シートなどを複数枚重ね合わせて敷いた構成で人工的に形成される（請求項４に記載した発明）。したがって、盛り土２４の自重作用により前記すべり面２３には常時すべり破壊が生ずるので、盛り土２４の内向きの土圧がタンク躯体に圧縮応力として常時作用する。その結果、タンク躯体にはプレストレスを導入したと同様に、前記の圧縮応力が、内槽に収容した低温液体６の液圧（外向き水平力）に対抗（抵抗）して働き、常時の安全性と貯液性能の向上が達成されるのである。
しかも設計段階で地盤２０の掘削土量と盛り土量とをバランスさせることにより、盛り土２４の築造に地盤の掘削土が丁度使いきられると、掘削残土を場外へ運び出して処理する費用、あるいは外部から盛り土用土を購入する費用を不要に出来るから、経済性が高く、環境保全に資するところも大である。 Specifically, the slide surface 23 of the embankment 24 is artificially formed as a sand layer in which sand having a small internal friction angle is laid down to an appropriate thickness, or in a structure in which a plurality of synthetic resin sheets are laid on top of each other. (Invention described in claim 4). Therefore, since the slip surface 23 is always slid by the self-weight effect of the embankment 24, the inward earth pressure of the embankment 24 always acts as a compressive stress on the tank housing. As a result, as in the case where pre-stress is introduced to the tank housing, the compressive stress acts against the hydraulic pressure (outward horizontal force) of the low-temperature liquid 6 accommodated in the inner tank, so that Improvements in safety and storage performance are achieved.
Moreover, if the excavated soil of the ground is used up completely for the construction of the embankment 24 by balancing the amount of excavated soil and the embankment of the ground 20 at the design stage, the cost of carrying out and processing the excavated residual soil outside the site, or from the outside Since it is possible to eliminate the cost of purchasing embankment soil, it is highly economical and contributes to environmental conservation.

上記盛り土２４の表面は補強土工法によって安定化させるほか、必要に応じて植物を植えて緑化させる（請求項４に記載した発明）。
タンクの完成後にＬＮＧ等の低温液体６を入れて貯蔵させると、同低温液体６の冷熱により、タンク躯体である鉄筋コンクリート造の底版２、側壁３はもとよりのこと、その直下の地盤や外周の盛り土２４が漸次凍結する。これらが凍結すると、貯液性能を期待することが可能であり、万一の低温液体６の漏洩に対するバリア効果を期待でき、タンクの安全性が向上する。
もっとも、前記直下地盤や盛り土２４の凍結領域は、人為的に制御しないと限りなく拡大してゆく。そのためタンクの底版２の中、及びタンク躯体の外周面に接して内向きに土圧を働く盛り土２４の中に、凍結領域を制御するヒーター２５及び２６を設置する（請求項２に記載した発明）。底版２のヒータ２６は水平面状に、盛り土２４のヒータ２５はタンク躯体の外周を取り囲む垂直筒状の配置で設置する。 The surface of the embankment 24 is stabilized by a reinforced earth method, and a plant is planted and greened as necessary (the invention described in claim 4).
When the low temperature liquid 6 such as LNG is put and stored after the tank is completed, not only the reinforced concrete bottom slab 2 and the side wall 3 which are the tank body but also the ground immediately below and the surrounding embankment are caused by the cold heat of the low temperature liquid 6. 24 gradually freezes. When these are frozen, it is possible to expect liquid storage performance, a barrier effect against leakage of the cryogenic liquid 6 should be expected, and the safety of the tank is improved.
However, the freezing area of the direct base board and the embankment 24 will expand without limit unless artificially controlled. Therefore, heaters 25 and 26 for controlling the freezing area are installed in the bottom plate 2 of the tank and in the embankment 24 that works inwardly in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tank housing (the invention according to claim 2). ). The heater 26 of the bottom plate 2 is installed in a horizontal plane, and the heater 25 of the embankment 24 is installed in a vertical cylindrical arrangement surrounding the outer periphery of the tank casing.

図２に示した半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンク２１は、図４に例示した既往のＰＣＬＮＧタンクと類似する構造形式の実施例である。これもやはり建設地の地盤２０をタンクが半地下式となる程度の深さまで、山留めを必要としないぐらいの法勾配を充分に確保して広く掘削し、その掘削底面上に鉄筋コンクリート造の低温液体貯蔵用の平底円筒形状タンク２１を構築している。
タンク２１は、上記掘削底面の上に鉄筋コンクリート造の基礎版１０とプレストレストコンクリート製のＰＣ防波堤１１を構築し、前記ＰＣ防波堤１１の内部に金属製の内槽１２を構築し、タンク外槽１３との間に保冷層１４が形成されている。基礎版１０には底部ヒーター２６が敷設されている。低温液体６は金属製の内槽１２で貯蔵している。 The semi-underground flat bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank 21 shown in FIG. 2 is an embodiment having a structure similar to the existing PCLNG tank shown in FIG. Again, the ground 20 of the construction site is deeply excavated to a depth that allows the tank to be semi-underground, with a sufficient gradient that does not require a mountain retaining, and a low-temperature liquid of reinforced concrete is formed on the bottom of the excavation. A flat bottom cylindrical tank 21 for storage is constructed.
The tank 21 is constructed with a reinforced concrete base plate 10 and a PC breakwater 11 made of prestressed concrete on the bottom of the excavation, a metal inner tank 12 is built inside the PC breakwater 11, and a tank outer tank 13 A cold insulation layer 14 is formed between them. A bottom heater 26 is laid on the base plate 10. The cryogenic liquid 6 is stored in a metal inner tank 12.

掘削底面が、図示した直接基礎構造でタンク重量を支持する地耐力を得られない場合にはやはり、掘削底面の下にタンク重量を支持する杭基礎を構築し、その上に低温液体貯蔵用の平底円筒形状タンク２１を構築する（請求項３に記載した発明）。
そして、上記タンク２１の外周に、先ず地盤の掘削法面に当該地盤２０のすべり線に沿うすべり面２３を人工的に形成する。その上に、先の地盤掘削で発生した掘削土を用い前記タンク２１の躯体（前記側壁３）外周面に接して内向きに土圧を働く盛り土２４を一定の高さまで築いていることは、上記の実施例１と同様である。 If the bottom of the excavation cannot obtain the earth bearing capacity to support the tank weight with the direct foundation structure shown in the figure, a pile foundation that supports the tank weight is constructed below the bottom of the excavation, and a cryogenic liquid storage is built on it. A flat bottom cylindrical tank 21 is constructed (the invention according to claim 3).
Then, on the outer periphery of the tank 21, first, a slip surface 23 along the slip line of the ground 20 is artificially formed on the excavation surface of the ground. On top of that, using the excavated soil generated by the previous ground excavation, the embankment (the side wall 3) of the tank 21 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tank 21, and the embankment 24 that works the earth pressure inward is built up to a certain height, The same as in the first embodiment.

本発明の実施例１のタンクを示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the tank of Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例２のタンクを示す断面図図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the tank of Example 2 of this invention. 従来の地下式タンクを示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional underground tank. 従来の地上式タンクを示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional ground type tank.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

２０ 地盤
２１ 平底円筒形状タンク
２３ すべり面
２４ 盛り土
２５、２６ヒーター 20 Ground 21 Flat bottom cylindrical tank
23 Sliding surface 24 Fill 25, 26 heater

Claims (5)

半地下式となる程度の深さまで地盤を掘削し、その掘削底面上に低温液体貯蔵用の平底円筒形状タンクを構築し、前記タンクの外周にすべり面を形成し、その上に前記掘削土等を用いタンク躯体の外周面に接して内向きに土圧を働く盛り土を一定の高さまで築くことを特徴とする、半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクの構築方法。   Excavate the ground to a depth that will be a semi-underground type, build a flat bottom cylindrical tank for cryogenic liquid storage on the bottom of the excavation, form a slip surface on the outer periphery of the tank, above the excavated soil etc. A semi-underground flat-bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank construction method, characterized in that the embankment is built up to a certain height in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tank housing and works inwardly with earth pressure. タンク躯体の底版の中には水平面状の配置で、及びタンク躯体の外周面に接して内向きに土圧を働く盛り土の中にはタンク躯体の外周を取り囲む垂直面状の配置でそれぞれ、直下地盤及び盛り土の凍結領域を制御するヒーターを設置することを特徴とする、請求項１に記載した半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクの構築方法。   In the bottom plate of the tank housing, it is arranged in a horizontal plane, and in the embankment in which earth pressure is applied in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tank housing, it is arranged directly below in the vertical surface arrangement surrounding the outer periphery of the tank housing. The method for constructing a semi-underground flat-bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank according to claim 1, wherein a heater for controlling a freezing region of the ground and the embankment is installed. 掘削底面地盤がタンク重量を十分安全に支持できない場合には杭基礎を構築し、その上に低温液体貯蔵用の平底円筒形状タンクを構築することを特徴とする、請求項１に記載した半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクの構築方法。   The semi-underground according to claim 1, wherein when the bottom surface of the excavation cannot support the tank weight sufficiently safely, a pile foundation is constructed, and a flat bottom cylindrical tank for cryogenic liquid storage is constructed thereon. To construct a flat bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank of the type. 盛り土のすべり面は掘削法面に内部摩擦角の小さい砂の層を敷設し、又はシートを複数枚重ね合わせたものを敷設して形成し、同盛り土の表面は補強土工法によって安定化させ、又は植物を植えて緑化させることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載した半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンクの構築方法。   The surface of the embankment is formed by laying a layer of sand with a small internal friction angle on the excavation surface, or by laying a stack of multiple sheets, and the surface of the embankment is stabilized by a reinforced earth method, Alternatively, the method for constructing a semi-underground flat-bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank according to claim 1, wherein the plant is planted and greened. 半地下式となる程度の深さまで地盤を掘削した掘削底面上に低温液体貯蔵用の平底円筒形状タンクを構築して成り、前記タンクの外周に、すべり面を形成した上に前記掘削土等を用いタンク躯体の外周面に接して内向きに土圧を働く盛り土を一定の高さまで築いていることを特徴とする、半地下式の平底円筒形液体貯蔵用タンク。   A flat bottom cylindrical tank for cryogenic liquid storage is constructed on the bottom of the excavation where the ground has been excavated to a depth of a semi-underground type, and the excavated soil etc. is formed on the outer periphery of the tank with a sliding surface formed. A semi-underground flat-bottom cylindrical liquid storage tank that is built up to a certain height to fill the earth pressure in contact with the outer periphery of the tank housing.
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JP2017057594A (en) * 2015-09-15 2017-03-23 鹿島建設株式会社 Underground construction and construction method for the same
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CN114636097A (en) * 2020-12-15 2022-06-17 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Half ground earthing double-shell type liquid hydrocarbon low temperature storage system
WO2022193385A1 (en) * 2021-03-16 2022-09-22 山东京博控股集团有限公司 Fully soil-covered structure of vertical tank body
US11702277B2 (en) 2021-03-16 2023-07-18 Shandong Chambroad Equipment Manufacture Installation Co., Ltd. Fully soil-covered structure of vertical tank body
CN114439099A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-05-06 天津市泽禹工程建设监理有限公司 Reservoir for hydraulic engineering and construction method thereof

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