CN107503550B - Take half underground grain horizontal warehouse of pull rod system - Google Patents

Take half underground grain horizontal warehouse of pull rod system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107503550B
CN107503550B CN201710769172.9A CN201710769172A CN107503550B CN 107503550 B CN107503550 B CN 107503550B CN 201710769172 A CN201710769172 A CN 201710769172A CN 107503550 B CN107503550 B CN 107503550B
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warehouse
horizontal
plate
pull rod
reinforced concrete
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CN107503550A (en
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张庆章
王振清
李康宗
李昭
丁永刚
李中原
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Henan University of Technology
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Henan University of Technology
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H7/00—Construction or assembling of bulk storage containers employing civil engineering techniques in situ or off the site
    • E04H7/22—Containers for fluent solids, e.g. silos, bunkers; Supports therefor
    • E04H7/24—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials
    • E04H7/26—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials mainly of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete or other stone-like materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
    • A01F25/14—Containers specially adapted for storing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
    • A01F25/16—Arrangements in forage silos
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
    • A01F25/16—Arrangements in forage silos
    • A01F25/22—Ventilating arrangements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
    • F24F7/013—Ventilation with forced flow using wall or window fans, displacing air through the wall or window
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/51—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for storing agricultural or horticultural products

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a pull rod system, which comprises a warehouse bottom, a warehouse wall, a pull rod and a warehouse top plate, wherein a reinforced concrete column is arranged in the warehouse wall, a connecting beam connected with the reinforced concrete column is arranged in the warehouse wall, a waterproof layer is arranged on the upper surface of the warehouse top plate, the lower part of the warehouse wall is underground, the pull rod is arranged in the horizontal warehouse and is connected with the reinforced concrete columns symmetrically arranged in the corresponding warehouse wall, and an upright post used for supporting the pull rod is also arranged in the horizontal warehouse. The invention adopts the semi-underground horizontal warehouse, which not only can increase the grain storage capacity of the horizontal warehouse, but also avoids the problems of high cost and difficult construction of the underground horizontal warehouse.

Description

Take half underground grain horizontal warehouse of pull rod system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of horizontal warehouses, in particular to a semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a pull rod system.
Background
At present, the main warehouse type of national grain storage in China is a high and large horizontal warehouse, the problem of poor heat insulation performance of the warehouse generally exists in the high and large horizontal warehouse, particularly, grains stored on the sunny side are heated up even though heat insulation plates are arranged in the warehouse due to strong sunlight irradiation, great hidden dangers are caused to grain storage safety, and the situation is unfavorable for grain storage with high moisture content. And the existing large-scale horizontal warehouse is arranged on the ground, and the pressure to the side wall of the horizontal warehouse is larger after more grains are accumulated, so that the supporting force of the side wall of the horizontal warehouse needs to be enhanced, and the manufacturing cost of the horizontal warehouse is greatly increased.
In order to solve the problem, the underground horizontal warehouse is built under the superficial layer of the earth surface at present, the advantages of low-temperature grain storage throughout the year, grain quality maintenance, insect pest prevention, toxic medicament fumigation avoidance, natural damage resistance, war and leveling dual-purpose and the like are achieved, and multiple experts and scholars agree to reasonably popularize and apply a new underground horizontal warehouse system and a new technology, so that low-temperature environment protection, energy conservation, land conservation, quality guarantee, loss reduction and ecological grain storage can be achieved. But the construction of the underground horizontal warehouse is difficult and the cost is not very high.
The invention with publication number 103628724B discloses an underground single-storey house for storing bulk grains, which comprises a grain storage layer of a bin body, a multifunctional vertical channel and the like: the multifunctional vertical channel is positioned in the middle of the bin body and is connected with the bottom of the bin wall, the top of the bin top and the ground, the wall is provided with a multifunctional opening, and vertical transportation equipment is installed in the multifunctional opening; the multifunctional port is communicated with the grain storage layer of the bin body, and can enter the bin body through the multifunctional port, so that ventilation, manual overhaul and equipment maintenance of the bin body are realized; the grain warehousing and distribution trouser pocket is arranged at the top of the multifunctional vertical channel, so that the uniform grain feeding operation of the silo body is realized; the grain storage layer of the bin body consists of a rotating paraboloid-shaped bin wall, a bin top and a ring beam, the bin wall can realize the self-flow of grains, and the grains flowing downwards can pass through vertical transportation equipment in the multifunctional vertical channel to realize high-efficiency delivery operation. But the cost of this horizontal warehouse is higher, and the anti-seismic performance of underground horizontal warehouse is relatively poor.
Therefore, there is a high necessity for a horizontal warehouse which can increase the supporting force of the side wall and has a low cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a pull rod system, which can increase the grain storage capacity of the horizontal warehouse and avoid the problems of high manufacturing cost and difficult construction of the underground horizontal warehouse.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a pull rod system, which comprises a warehouse bottom, a warehouse wall, a pull rod and a warehouse top plate, wherein a reinforced concrete column is arranged in the warehouse wall, a connecting beam connected with the reinforced concrete column is arranged in the warehouse wall, a waterproof layer is arranged on the upper surface of the warehouse top plate, the lower part of the warehouse wall is underground, the pull rod is arranged in the horizontal warehouse and is connected with the reinforced concrete columns symmetrically arranged in the corresponding warehouse wall, and an upright post used for supporting the pull rod is also arranged in the horizontal warehouse.
Furthermore, the bin wall is of a steel fiber concrete structure, and a layer of extruded polystyrene foam plastic plate or EPS plate is arranged on the outer side of the bin wall.
Furthermore, the bin top plate comprises a girder arranged at the upper end of the reinforced concrete column, a reinforced concrete double-T plate is arranged on the girder, and the waterproof layer comprises a layer of extruded polystyrene foam plastic plate or EPS plate arranged above the reinforced concrete double-T plate.
Furthermore, the warehouse bottom comprises a bottom plate made of impervious concrete, a double-layer waterproof layer is arranged below the bottom plate, and the area of the bottom plate is larger than that of the horizontal section of the horizontal warehouse.
Furthermore, the pull rod is made of I-shaped steel, the upright post is a variable cross-section post, and the cross section of the upright post gradually becomes smaller from bottom to top.
Furthermore, a plurality of air vent holes are arranged on the upper part of the bin wall, and an axial flow fan is arranged in each air vent hole.
Furthermore, a ventilation ground cage is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal warehouse.
Furthermore, grain condition detection equipment and circulation fumigation equipment are arranged in the horizontal warehouse.
Further, be located the bulkhead outside of secret and set up shock attenuation protection mechanism, shock attenuation protection mechanism includes the horizontal vaulting pole that the reinforced concrete post outside set up, horizontal vaulting pole tip sets up the guard plate, the bulkhead with set up the foam concrete layer between the guard plate.
Further, the guard plate adopts prefabricated steel sheet, the tip of horizontal vaulting pole sets up the connecting plate, the connecting plate with prefabricated steel sheet passes through first bolted connection, one side of prefabricated steel sheet sets up U type groove, prefabricated steel sheet's opposite side set up with U type groove complex picture peg, set up matched with screw hole on U type groove and the picture peg, two liang of adjacent same one deck prefabricated steel sheet is through inserting the second bolted connection of screw hole.
Further, horizontal vaulting pole and connecting plate adopt steel finished piece, the width of prefabricated steel sheet cooperatees with the distance of two liang of adjacent reinforced concrete columns, the height of prefabricated steel sheet is the bulkhead and is located the half of the height below the ground, the prefabricated steel sheet is two-layer, every that corresponds set up two horizontal vaulting poles on the reinforced concrete column, two set up the support frame of X type between the horizontal vaulting pole, the support frame is steel finished piece.
Furthermore, the edge of bottom plate sets up the extension plate, and the bottom and the extension plate of lower floor's prefabricated steel sheet are connected, the extension plate is reinforced concrete slab.
Furthermore, the upper end of the shock absorption protection mechanism corresponds to the foam concrete layer and is provided with a cover plate, the inner edge of the cover plate is connected with the bin wall through asphalt in a sealing mode, and the outer edge of the cover plate is downwards provided with a rain sheltering eaves.
Further, the foam concrete layer is formed by casting light foam soil, and the light foam soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: cement: 200-350 parts of (blast furnace slag) mixed material: 40-60 parts of water: 100-150 parts of a regulator: 16-18 parts of (hydrogen peroxide) foaming agent: 10-13 parts of a micro-foaming agent: 8-9 parts of (calcium stearate) waterproofing agent: 7-9 parts of reinforcing fiber: 50-100 parts.
Further, the micro-foaming agent is prepared by diluting a foaming agent with water by 1.
Further, protective paint is arranged on the outer side of the prefabricated steel plate and comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 130-140 parts of petroleum asphalt, 16-20 parts of ceramic fiber, 5-6 parts of calcium bentonite, 6-8 parts of emulsifier, 1-3 parts of dispersant, 1-3 parts of stabilizer, 30-45 parts of organic fluorine modified styrene-acrylic emulsion and 2-4 parts of antifreeze.
The invention provides a semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a pull rod system, which comprises a warehouse bottom, a warehouse wall, a pull rod and a warehouse top plate, wherein a reinforced concrete column is arranged in the warehouse wall, a connecting beam for connecting the reinforced concrete column is arranged in the warehouse wall, and when grain side pressure acts on the warehouse wall, the side pressure is transmitted to the reinforced concrete column through the connecting beam and then transmitted to a foundation through the reinforced concrete column, so that the lateral rigidity and deformation coordination among the reinforced concrete columns are promoted, the structural integrity is improved, the lateral supporting force of the horizontal warehouse can be increased, and the lateral pressure resisting effect on the grain is better. The waterproof layer is arranged on the upper surface of the bin top plate, the lower part of the bin wall is located underground, the pull rod is located on a reinforced concrete column symmetrically arranged in the horizontal warehouse and connected with the bin wall, and a stand column used for supporting the pull rod is further arranged in the horizontal warehouse. The passive soil pressure of the soil to the horizontal warehouse offsets the lateral pressure of partial grain transferred to the warehouse wall, thereby improving the compression resistance, bending resistance and impact resistance of the horizontal warehouse lateral wall and improving the grain loading height. Meanwhile, the pull rod and the upright post provide inward pull force to the upper part of the bin wall in the horizontal warehouse to resist the side pressure of the grains.
The pull rod is made of I-shaped steel, the upright post is a variable cross-section post, and the cross section of the upright post gradually decreases from bottom to top. The I-shaped steel has the advantages of strong bending resistance, light dead weight, low cost and convenience in processing and installation, can well improve the mechanical property of the structure, and helps the bin wall to better resist the side pressure of grains. The upright column is additionally arranged in the middle of the horizontal warehouse, the stress is smaller than that of the column in the warehouse wall, the section of the corresponding column is also smaller, and the upright column adopts a variable-section column, so that the dead weight of the warehouse body can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. Through the cooperation of pull rod and stand, can provide the side direction holding power to the upper portion of bulkhead for the height of horizontal warehouse and the height of storage grain are higher.
The wall of the bin is made of steel fiber concrete, and a layer of extruded polystyrene foam plastic plate or EPS plate is arranged on the outer side of the wall of the bin. In the semi-underground bin structure, the bin wall is subjected to the lateral pressure of grains and the passive soil pressure of soil, and the steel fiber concrete structure has good shear resistance, tensile resistance, crack resistance, fatigue resistance and other properties and meets the mechanical properties of the bin wall, so that the air tightness of the bin body is improved, and the circulating fumigation of the grains is facilitated. The extruded polystyrene foam plastic board has the characteristics of high strength, good heat insulation performance, moisture resistance, air impermeability and water impermeability, improves the energy conservation, heat preservation and waterproof performance of the semi-underground horizontal warehouse, and is beneficial to the safe storage of grains.
The bin top plate comprises a girder arranged at the upper end of the reinforced concrete column, a reinforced concrete double-T plate is arranged on the girder, and the waterproof layer comprises a layer of extruded polystyrene foam plastic plate or an EPS plate arranged above the reinforced concrete double-T plate. The girder is used for supporting the reinforced concrete double T plate, the reinforced concrete double T plate has good stress performance, meets safety requirements in the aspects of strength, rigidity, crack resistance and the like, is suitable for large-span practicality, has strong building universality, is prefabricated before delivery, and has high building speed and low price. The waterproof layer can be used for preventing water in the gap between the reinforced concrete double T-shaped plates.
The warehouse bottom comprises a bottom plate made of impervious concrete, a double-layer waterproof layer is arranged below the bottom plate, and the area of the bottom plate is larger than that of the horizontal section of the horizontal warehouse. The impervious concrete bottom plate has good compactness, hydrophobicity and impermeability, good bearing and waterproof performance and easy inspection and repair. The double-layer waterproofing adopts the conventional waterproof technology of the bottom plate of the horizontal warehouse, and the waterproofing is carried out below the bottom plate, so that the effect is better. The area of the bottom plate is larger than that of the horizontal section of the horizontal warehouse, so that the stability of the bottom is better.
The upper part of the bin wall is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes, and axial flow fans are arranged in the ventilation holes. The arranged ventilating holes and the axial flow fan can increase the air circulation in the horizontal warehouse, and are beneficial to the long-term preservation of grains.
The bottom of the horizontal warehouse is provided with a ventilation ground cage which enables air to enter the grain pile in a uniform state, and in the process, the horizontal warehouse can effectively cool down, reduce water, fumigate with medicament, regulate air, adjust quality, remove residual toxicity and peculiar smell, and has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, easy installation, no grain leakage and long service life.
And grain condition detection equipment and circulation fumigation equipment are arranged in the horizontal warehouse. Grain condition detection equipment and circulation fumigation equipment are both the prior art, the grain condition detection equipment can timely and accurately monitor the temperature and humidity conditions of grains in a warehouse, circulation fumigation is widely applied to a horizontal warehouse at present, and the circulation fumigation equipment is installed to kill microorganisms, mold and pests in a grain warehouse, so that the long-term storage of the grains is facilitated.
The outer side of the underground bin wall is provided with a damping protection mechanism, the damping protection mechanism comprises a horizontal support rod arranged on the outer side of the reinforced concrete column, the end part of the horizontal support rod is provided with a protection plate, and a foam concrete layer is arranged between the bin wall and the protection plate; the lower part of the wall of the chamber is located below the ground, which is not effective in preventing water and moisture, especially not in resisting earthquakes, if the wall is in direct contact with the soil, so that the earthquake waves are directly applied to a larger area of the chamber wall and are subjected to a larger impact force. Consequently, set up shock attenuation protection mechanism, this mechanism sets up the guard plate through horizontal vaulting pole, and the guard plate outside also can provide the lateral support power to the bulkhead through guard plate and horizontal vaulting pole soil with soil contact like this, sets up foam concrete between guard plate and the bulkhead and has certain effect to dampproofing waterproof. When an earthquake comes, the vibration is transmitted to the protection plate firstly, the protection plate can absorb a large amount of energy when being collapsed under pressure, the foam concrete can absorb a large amount of energy when being collapsed, the direct action of the earthquake and the vibration energy of the bin wall under the cooperation of the foam concrete and the protection plate can be greatly reduced, and the anti-seismic performance of the half-underground flat-room bin is greatly improved.
The protection plate adopts prefabricated steel plate, and the protection plate plays the effect of connecting soil and bulkhead, and its rigidity and toughness require all very greatly, consequently adopts prefabricated steel plate. The tip of horizontal stay bar sets up the connecting plate, and the connecting plate passes through first bolted connection with prefabricated steel sheet, and its joint strength can be increaseed as prefabricated steel sheet and horizontal stay bar connecting piece to the connecting plate. One side of prefabricated steel sheet sets up U type groove, the opposite side setting of prefabricated steel sheet and U type groove complex picture peg, set up the matched with screw hole on U type groove and the picture peg, two liang of adjacent second bolted connections through inserting the screw hole with the prefabricated steel sheet of one deck, horizontal brace pole and connecting plate adopt the steel finished piece, the width of prefabricated steel sheet cooperatees with the distance of two liang of adjacent reinforced concrete columns, the height of prefabricated steel sheet is the half that the bulkhead is located the below ground height, the prefabricated steel sheet is two-layer, set up two horizontal brace poles on the every reinforced concrete column that corresponds, set up the support frame of X type between two horizontal brace poles, the support frame is the steel finished piece. The prefabricated steel plate both sides are matched with U type groove and picture peg, set up a vertical column prefabricated steel plate through horizontal vaulting pole on every reinforced concrete column like this, and the prefabricated steel plate on the adjacent reinforced concrete column can be through U type groove and picture peg butt joint, then through screw hole and the second bolt fastening that sets up, the screw hole can set up two vertical columns on U type groove and picture peg, and the rigidity of connection and toughness between the adjacent prefabricated steel plate are bigger like this. The area of prefabricated steel sheet can not be too big, otherwise easy deformation, therefore the bulkhead of below ground sets up two-layer prefabricated steel sheet, sets up the bracing piece of X type between two horizontal vaulting poles on same reinforced concrete column, can increase the support nature of horizontal vaulting pole, avoids horizontal vaulting pole crooked or crooked when the pressure that receives is great, and the effect is better.
The edge of bottom plate sets up the extension plate, and the bottom and the extension plate of lower floor's prefabricated steel sheet are connected, and the extension plate is reinforced concrete board. The prefabricated steel plate and two-layer, the extension plate at the edge of bottom plate is connected the back and is better to the water-proof effects of bottom.
Shock attenuation protection machanism upper end corresponds foam concrete layer and sets up the apron, the inward flange and the bulkhead of apron pass through pitch sealing connection, the outward flange of apron sets up downwards and hides the rain eaves, whole shock attenuation protection machanism all sets up under ground, upper end and soil contact, can protect foam concrete through setting up the apron, and prevent rainwater infiltration, the inward flange and the bulkhead of apron pass through pitch sealing connection, sealing performance is increased, the seepage rainwater that the rain eaves that hides that sets up will be located on the shock attenuation protection machanism leads to other places, the effect is better.
The foamed concrete layer is formed by casting light foamed soil, and the light foamed soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: cement: 200-350 parts of (blast furnace slag) mixed material: 40-60 parts of water: 100-150 parts of a regulator: 16-18 parts of (hydrogen peroxide) foaming agent: 10-13 parts of a micro-foaming agent: 8-9 parts of (calcium stearate) waterproof agent: 7-9 parts of reinforcing fiber: 50 to 100 portions. The compressive strength of the foam concrete is moderate, the added waterproof agent has a certain promotion effect on water resistance, the foaming agent and the micro-powder agent are matched to enable the foam in the concrete to be uniform, so that the foam is more uniform in collapse when the impact force of an earthquake is borne, particularly, the glass fiber and the ceramic fiber are creatively added, the foam concrete has certain elasticity when the foam concrete bears the pressure to collapse, the vibration energy absorption and attenuation effects of the earthquake are better, and the earthquake resistance level of the flat-house storehouse is greatly enhanced.
Protective paint is arranged on the outer side of the prefabricated steel plate, and the protective paint comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 130-140 parts of petroleum asphalt, 16-20 parts of ceramic fiber, 5-6 parts of calcium bentonite, 6-8 parts of emulsifier, 1-3 parts of dispersant, 1-3 parts of stabilizer, 30-45 parts of organic fluorine modified styrene-acrylic emulsion and 2-4 parts of antifreeze. The steel plate is buried underground for a long time, the protective coating arranged on the surface of the steel plate can protect the steel plate from erosion, the antifreeze agent added into the protective coating can increase the stability of the steel plate in ice-cold areas, the emulsifier, the stabilizer and the dispersant can make the coating more uniform, the ceramic fiber is creatively added, the protective coating has a good resistance effect on friction caused by long-term contact of soil and the coating, and the wear resistance of the protective coating is greatly increased.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. by adopting the semi-underground horizontal warehouse, the grain storage capacity of the horizontal warehouse can be increased, and the problems of high cost and difficult construction of the underground horizontal warehouse are avoided;
2. the horizontal warehouse is matched with the pull rod and the upright column through the reinforced concrete column and the connecting beam, so that the lateral supporting force on the warehouse wall is more sufficient, and the actual grain loading line can be higher;
3. the ventilation ground cage, the grain condition monitoring equipment and the circulation fumigation equipment which are arranged in the horizontal warehouse greatly increase the grain storage safety and the storage time;
4. the damping protection mechanism improves the water resistance of the lower part of the bin wall, particularly improves the anti-seismic performance of the horizontal warehouse, and overcomes the defect of weak anti-seismic performance of the semi-underground horizontal warehouse, so that the semi-underground horizontal warehouse can be widely spread on a large scale.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a drawbar system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the shock absorbing protection mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the shock absorbing protection mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of the angle iron of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the description of the embodiments of the invention given above, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
The first embodiment of the invention provides a semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a pull rod system, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, which comprises a warehouse bottom 4, a warehouse wall 2, a pull rod 3 and a warehouse top plate 1, wherein a reinforced concrete column 5 is arranged in the warehouse wall 2, a connecting beam 6 connected with the reinforced concrete column 5 is arranged in the warehouse wall 2, a waterproof layer is arranged on the upper surface of the warehouse top plate 1, the lower part of the warehouse wall 2 is underground, the pull rod 3 is arranged in the horizontal warehouse and is connected with the reinforced concrete columns 5 symmetrically arranged in the warehouse wall 2, and an upright 26 used for supporting the pull rod 3 is further arranged in the horizontal warehouse.
The pull rod 3 is made of I-shaped steel, the upright post 26 is a variable cross-section post, and the cross section of the upright post 26 is gradually reduced from bottom to top.
The silo wall 2 is of a steel fiber concrete structure, and a layer of extruded polystyrene foam plastic plate or EPS plate is arranged on the outer side of the silo wall 2.
The bin top plate 1 comprises a girder 10 arranged at the upper end of the reinforced concrete column 5, a reinforced concrete double-T plate 9 is arranged on the girder 10, and the waterproof layer comprises a layer of extruded polystyrene foam plastic plate or EPS plate arranged above the reinforced concrete double-T plate 9.
The warehouse bottom 4 comprises a bottom plate 11 made of impervious concrete, a double-layer waterproof layer 12 is arranged below the bottom plate 11, and the area of the bottom plate 11 is larger than that of the horizontal section of the horizontal warehouse.
The upper part of the bin wall 2 is provided with a plurality of ventilating holes 7, and axial flow fans 8 are arranged in the ventilating holes 7.
And a ventilation ground cage is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal warehouse.
And a grain condition detection device and a circulation fumigation device are arranged in the horizontal warehouse.
The horizontal warehouse comprises a warehouse bottom, a warehouse wall, a pull rod and a warehouse top plate, wherein a reinforced concrete column is arranged in the warehouse wall, a connection beam of the reinforced concrete column is arranged in the warehouse wall, the grain side pressure received by the warehouse wall acts on the connection beam, the connection beam is transmitted to the reinforced concrete column, the reinforced concrete column is transmitted to the foundation again, the lateral rigidity and the deformation coordination between the reinforced concrete columns are promoted, the structural integrity is improved, the lateral supporting force of the horizontal warehouse can be increased, and the lateral pressure resistance effect on grain is better. The waterproof layer is arranged on the upper surface of the bin top plate, the lower part of the bin wall is located underground, the pull rod is located on a reinforced concrete column symmetrically arranged in the horizontal warehouse and connected with the bin wall, and a stand column used for supporting the pull rod is further arranged in the horizontal warehouse. The passive soil pressure of the soil to the horizontal warehouse offsets the lateral pressure of partial grain transferred to the warehouse wall, thereby improving the compression resistance, bending resistance and impact resistance of the horizontal warehouse lateral wall and improving the grain loading height. Meanwhile, the pull rod and the upright post provide inward pull force to the upper part of the silo wall in the horizontal warehouse to resist the side pressure of grains.
The pull rod is made of I-shaped steel, the upright post is a variable cross-section post, and the cross section of the upright post gradually decreases from bottom to top. The I-shaped steel has the advantages of strong bending resistance, light dead weight, low cost and convenience in processing and installation, can well improve the mechanical property of the structure, and helps the bin wall to better resist the side pressure of grains. The upright column additionally arranged in the middle of the horizontal warehouse is stressed less than the column in the warehouse wall, the section of the corresponding column is also smaller, and the upright column adopts a variable-section column, so that the dead weight of the warehouse body can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Through the cooperation of pull rod and stand, can provide the side direction holding power to the upper portion of bulkhead for the height of one-storey house storehouse and the height of storing grain are higher.
The wall of the bin is made of steel fiber concrete, and a layer of extruded polystyrene foam plastic plate or EPS plate is arranged on the outer side of the wall of the bin. In the semi-underground silo structure, the silo wall is subjected to the lateral pressure of grains and the passive soil pressure of soil, and the steel fiber concrete structure has good shear resistance, tensile resistance, crack resistance, fatigue resistance and other properties and meets the mechanical properties of the silo wall, so that the air tightness of the silo body is improved, and the circulating fumigation of the grains is facilitated. The extruded polystyrene foam plastic board has the characteristics of high strength, good heat-insulating property, moisture resistance, air impermeability and water impermeability, improves the energy-saving, heat-insulating and waterproof properties of the semi-underground horizontal warehouse, and is beneficial to the safe storage of grains.
The bin top plate comprises a girder arranged at the upper end of the reinforced concrete column, a reinforced concrete double-T plate is arranged on the girder, and the waterproof layer comprises a layer of extruded polystyrene foam plastic plate or an EPS plate arranged above the reinforced concrete double-T plate. The girder is used for supporting the reinforced concrete double T plate, the reinforced concrete double T plate has good stress performance, meets safety requirements in the aspects of strength, rigidity, crack resistance and the like, is suitable for large-span practicality, has strong building universality, is prefabricated before delivery, and has high building speed and low price. The waterproof layer can be used for preventing water in a gap between the reinforced concrete double T-shaped plates.
The warehouse bottom comprises a bottom plate made of impervious concrete, a double-layer waterproof layer is arranged below the bottom plate, and the area of the bottom plate is larger than that of the horizontal section of the horizontal warehouse. The impervious concrete bottom plate has good compactness, hydrophobicity and impermeability, good bearing and waterproof performance and easy inspection and repair. The double-layer waterproof structure adopts the conventional waterproof technology of the bottom plate of the horizontal warehouse, and is waterproof below the bottom plate, so that the effect is better. The area of the bottom plate is larger than that of the horizontal section of the horizontal warehouse, so that the stability of the bottom is better.
The upper part of the bin wall is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes, and axial flow fans are arranged in the ventilation holes. The arranged ventilating holes and the axial flow fan can increase the air circulation in the horizontal warehouse, and are beneficial to long-term preservation of grains.
The bottom of the horizontal warehouse is provided with a ventilation ground cage which enables air to enter the grain pile in a uniform state, and in the process, the horizontal warehouse can effectively cool down, reduce water, fumigate with medicament, regulate air, adjust quality, remove residual toxicity and peculiar smell, and has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, easy installation, no grain leakage and long service life.
And a grain condition detection device and a circulation fumigation device are arranged in the horizontal warehouse. Grain condition detection equipment and circulation fumigation equipment are both the prior art, the grain condition detection equipment can timely and accurately monitor the temperature and humidity conditions of grains in a warehouse, circulation fumigation is widely applied to a horizontal warehouse at present, and the circulation fumigation equipment is installed to kill microorganisms, mold and pests in a grain warehouse, so that the long-term storage of the grains is facilitated.
The second embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, is different from the first embodiment in that:
lie in 2 outsides in underground bulkhead and set up shock attenuation protection mechanism, shock attenuation protection mechanism includes the horizontal vaulting pole 17 that 5 outsides in reinforced concrete post set up, the 17 tip in horizontal vaulting pole sets up guard plate 13, bulkhead 2 with set up foam concrete layer 23 between the guard plate 13.
The guard plate 13 adopts the equipment of prefabricated steel sheet 19 to form, the tip of horizontal brace 17 sets up connecting plate 15, connecting plate 15 with prefabricated steel sheet 19 is connected through first bolt 18, one side of prefabricated steel sheet 19 sets up U type groove 27, prefabricated steel sheet 19's opposite side set up with U type groove 27 complex picture peg 14, set up matched with screw hole 20 on U type groove 27 and the picture peg 14, two liang of adjacent prefabricated steel sheet 19 with the one deck is through inserting screw hole 20's second bolt 21 is connected.
Horizontal vaulting pole 17 and connecting plate 15 adopt the steel finished piece, the width of prefabricated steel sheet 19 matches with two liang of adjacent reinforced concrete columns 5's distance, prefabricated steel sheet 19 highly is the bulkhead 2 and is located the half of the below ground height, prefabricated steel sheet 19 is two-layer, every that corresponds set up two horizontal vaulting poles 17 on the reinforced concrete column 5, two set up the support frame 16 of X type between the horizontal vaulting pole 17, support frame 16 is the steel finished piece.
The edge of the bottom plate 11 is provided with an extension plate 24, the bottom of the lower prefabricated steel plate 19 is connected with the extension plate 24, and the extension plate 24 is a reinforced concrete slab.
The upper end of the shock absorption protection mechanism is provided with a cover plate 22 corresponding to the foam concrete layer 23, the inner edge of the cover plate 22 is connected with the bin wall 2 in a sealing mode through asphalt, and the outer edge of the cover plate 22 is downwards provided with a rain shielding eave 28.
The outer side of the prefabricated steel plate 19 corresponds to an angle steel 25 vertically arranged at the position of the horizontal support rod 17, the length of the angle steel 25 is equal to the height of the protection plate 13, and the corner of the angle steel 25 faces outwards.
The outer side of the underground bin wall is provided with a damping protection mechanism, the damping protection mechanism comprises a horizontal support rod arranged on the outer side of the reinforced concrete column, the end part of the horizontal support rod is provided with a protection plate, and a foam concrete layer is arranged between the bin wall and the protection plate; the lower part of the wall of the chamber is located below the ground, which is not effective in preventing water and moisture, especially not in resisting earthquakes, if the wall is in direct contact with the soil, so that the earthquake waves are directly applied to a larger area of the chamber wall and are subjected to a larger impact force. Consequently, set up shock attenuation protection mechanism, this mechanism sets up the guard plate through horizontal vaulting pole, and the guard plate outside also can provide the lateral support power to the bulkhead through guard plate and horizontal vaulting pole soil with soil contact like this, sets up foam concrete between guard plate and the bulkhead and has certain effect to dampproofing waterproof. When an earthquake comes, the vibration is transmitted to the protection plate firstly, the protection plate can absorb a large amount of energy when collapsing under pressure, the foam concrete can absorb a large amount of energy when collapsing similarly, the direct action of the earthquake and the vibration energy of the bin wall can be reduced greatly under the cooperation of the foam concrete and the protection plate, and the anti-seismic performance of the semi-underground flat-room bin is greatly improved.
The protection plate adopts prefabricated steel plates, plays a role in connecting soil and the silo wall, has very high requirements on rigidity and toughness, and therefore adopts the prefabricated steel plates. The tip of horizontal vaulting pole sets up the connecting plate, and the connecting plate passes through first bolted connection with prefabricated steel sheet, and its joint strength can be increaseed as prefabricated steel sheet and horizontal vaulting pole connecting piece to the connecting plate. One side of prefabricated steel sheet sets up U type groove, the opposite side of prefabricated steel sheet set up with U type groove complex picture peg, set up the matched with screw hole on U type groove and the picture peg, two liang of adjacent second bolted connections through inserting the screw hole with the prefabricated steel sheet of one deck, horizontal vaulting pole and connecting plate adopt steel finished piece, the width of prefabricated steel sheet cooperatees with the distance of two liang of adjacent reinforced concrete columns, the height of prefabricated steel sheet is the half that the bulkhead is located the below ground height, the prefabricated steel sheet is two-layer, set up two horizontal vaulting poles on the every reinforced concrete column that corresponds, set up the support frame of X type between two horizontal vaulting poles, the support frame is steel finished piece. The prefabricated steel plate both sides are matched with U type groove and picture peg, set up a vertical column prefabricated steel plate through horizontal vaulting pole on every reinforced concrete column like this, and the prefabricated steel plate on the adjacent reinforced concrete column can be through U type groove and picture peg butt joint, then through screw hole and the second bolt fastening that sets up, the screw hole can set up two vertical columns on U type groove and picture peg, and the rigidity of connection and toughness between the adjacent prefabricated steel plate are bigger like this. The area of prefabricated steel sheet can not be too big, otherwise easy deformation, therefore the bulkhead of below ground sets up two-layer prefabricated steel sheet, sets up the bracing piece of X type between two horizontal vaulting poles on same reinforced concrete column, can increase the support nature of horizontal vaulting pole, avoids horizontal vaulting pole crooked or crooked when the pressure that receives is great, and the effect is better.
The edge of bottom plate sets up the extension plate, and the bottom and the extension plate of lower floor's prefabricated steel sheet are connected, and the extension plate is reinforced concrete slab. The prefabricated steel plate and two layers, the extension plate at the edge of the bottom plate is connected with the prefabricated steel plate, and then the waterproof effect on the bottom is better.
Shock attenuation protection machanism upper end corresponds foam concrete layer and sets up the apron, the inward flange and the bulkhead of apron pass through pitch sealing connection, the outward flange of apron sets up downwards and hides the rain eaves, whole shock attenuation protection machanism all sets up under ground, upper end and soil contact, can protect foam concrete through setting up the apron, and prevent rainwater infiltration, the inward flange and the bulkhead of apron pass through pitch sealing connection, sealing performance is increased, the seepage rainwater that the rain eaves that hides that sets up will be located on the shock attenuation protection machanism leads to other places, the effect is better.
The third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that:
the foam concrete layer 23 is formed by casting light foam soil, and the light foam soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: cement: a, mixing materials: b, water: c, regulator: d parts, foaming agent: e part, micro-foaming agent: f, a waterproof agent: g, reinforcing fiber: h portions.
The micro-foaming agent is prepared by diluting foaming agent and water by 1 1800, the regulator comprises a reinforcing agent and a foam stabilizer, the reinforcing fiber comprises glass fiber and ceramic fiber, the adding weight ratio of the glass fiber to the ceramic fiber is 1.5, blast furnace slag is adopted as a mixed material, hydrogen peroxide is adopted as the foaming agent, and calcium stearate is adopted as a waterproof agent.
Parameter(s) a b c d e f g h
Example one 220 58 140 17.5 12.5 8.8 8.8 90
Example two 250 53 130 17.3 12 8.6 8.3 85
EXAMPLE III 280 50 125 17 11.5 8.5 8 75
Example four 310 45 120 16.8 11 8.4 7.6 70
EXAMPLE five 340 41 110 16.3 10.5 8.2 7.2 60
The foam concrete is applied to a semi-underground horizontal warehouse, plays a role in energy absorption and protection in a damping and protecting mechanism, and plays a role in corrosion prevention and water prevention on the warehouse wall, so that the impact resistance and the water prevention in each embodiment are mainly tested.
For the waterproof capability test, the concave groove is prefabricated by using the foam concrete, water is stored inside, whether water leaks or not is observed for one hour, and the final result is that no water leaks exist in five examples. Because the protective coating is arranged on the outer side of the prefabricated steel plate, the waterproof performance of the foam concrete layer is not particularly good, and only simple waterproofing is needed when the protective coating has holes.
For the impact resistance test, the concrete stone blocks are prefabricated by the foam concrete in the five embodiments, the concrete stone blocks are placed on a workbench of a hammer forging machine, the same impact strength is set, and finally the concrete stone blocks in the five embodiments are observed, so that the final result is that the concrete stone blocks in the third embodiment, the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment have the best effect, the collapse amount is smaller, the air bubbles in the concrete stone blocks in the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment are observed to be smaller, the collapse amount effect is caused by the fact that the proportion of the cement is larger, the third embodiment is caused by the fact that the reinforcing fibers are tightly combined with the cement, the air bubbles in the concrete stone blocks are tightly and uniformly related, the impact of the hammer forging machine is blocked through the synergistic effect of multiple parts, particularly the effect of the reinforcing fibers, and therefore the three-dimensional optimal scheme is adopted.
The fourth embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that:
the outer layer of the prefabricated steel plate 19 is provided with a protective coating which is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 130-140 parts of petroleum asphalt, 16-20 parts of ceramic fiber, 5-6 parts of calcium bentonite, 6-8 parts of emulsifier, 1-3 parts of dispersant, 1-3 parts of stabilizer, 30-45 parts of organic fluorine modified styrene-acrylic emulsion and 2-4 parts of antifreeze.
The outer layer of the prefabricated steel plate 19 is provided with a protective coating which is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: j parts of petroleum asphalt, k parts of ceramic fiber, m parts of calcium bentonite, n parts of an emulsifier, o parts of a dispersant, p parts of a stabilizer, q parts of an organic fluorine modified styrene-acrylic emulsion and r parts of an antifreeze agent.
The steel plate is buried underground for a long time, the protective coating arranged on the surface of the steel plate can protect the steel plate from erosion, the antifreeze added into the protective coating can improve the use stability of the steel plate in ice-cold areas, the emulsifier, the stabilizer and the dispersant can make the coating more uniform, the ceramic fiber is creatively added, the protective coating has a good resistance effect on friction caused by long-term contact of soil and the coating, and the wear resistance of the protective coating is greatly improved.
Parameter(s) j k m n o p q r
Example one 132 19 5.8 7.6 2.6 2.6 43 3.6
Example two 134 18 5.6 7.2 2.2 2.2 40 3.2
EXAMPLE III 136 17 5.4 6.8 1.8 1.8 37 2.8
Example four 138 16.5 5.2 6.4 1.4 1.4 33 2.4
The key point of the test of the protective coating is to test the abrasion resistance of the protective coating, the protective coating is coated on a steel plate, the thickness of the protective coating is more than 3mm, the thickness of the protective coating is 3mm in each embodiment, after the coating is air-dried, the abrasion resistance of the coating is measured by a rotating friction rubber wheel method, and the final test result, the second embodiment, has the best effect. The second embodiment has proper ceramic fiber adding fraction, does not affect the performance of the paint, is fully mixed with the paint and uniformly dispersed, and greatly enhances the physical properties of the paint when being impacted by the outside.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a take half underground grain horizontal warehouse of pull rod system which characterized in that: the horizontal warehouse comprises a warehouse bottom, a warehouse wall, a pull rod and a warehouse top plate, wherein a reinforced concrete column is arranged in the warehouse wall, a connecting beam connected with the reinforced concrete column is arranged in the warehouse wall, a waterproof layer is arranged on the upper surface of the warehouse top plate, the lower part of the warehouse wall is arranged underground, the pull rod is arranged in the horizontal warehouse and connected with the reinforced concrete column which is symmetrically arranged in the corresponding warehouse wall, and an upright post for supporting the pull rod is also arranged in the horizontal warehouse;
the outer side of the underground bin wall is provided with a damping protection mechanism, the damping protection mechanism comprises a horizontal support rod arranged on the outer side of the reinforced concrete column, the end part of the horizontal support rod is provided with a protection plate, and a foam concrete layer is arranged between the bin wall and the protection plate;
the guard plate adopts prefabricated steel sheet, the tip of horizontal stay bar sets up the connecting plate, the connecting plate with prefabricated steel sheet passes through first bolted connection, one side of prefabricated steel sheet sets up U type groove, the opposite side setting of prefabricated steel sheet with U type groove complex picture peg, set up matched with screw hole on U type groove and the picture peg, two liang of adjacent with the one deck prefabricated steel sheet is through inserting the second bolted connection of screw hole.
2. The semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a pull rod system according to claim 1, wherein: the bin wall is of a steel fiber concrete structure, and a layer of extruded polystyrene foam plastic plate or EPS plate is arranged on the outer side of the bin wall.
3. The semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a pull rod system according to claim 1, wherein: the bin top plate comprises a girder arranged at the upper end of the reinforced concrete column, a reinforced concrete double-T plate is arranged on the girder, and the waterproof layer comprises a layer of extruded polystyrene foam plastic plate or EPS plate arranged above the reinforced concrete double-T plate.
4. The semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a pull rod system according to claim 1, wherein: the warehouse bottom comprises a bottom plate made of impervious concrete, a double-layer waterproof layer is arranged below the bottom plate, and the area of the bottom plate is larger than that of the horizontal section of the horizontal warehouse.
5. The semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a pull rod system of claim 1, wherein: the pull rod is made of I-shaped steel, the upright post is a variable cross-section post, and the cross section of the upright post gradually decreases from bottom to top.
6. The semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a pull rod system according to claim 1, wherein: and a plurality of air vent holes are formed in the upper part of the bin wall, and an axial flow fan is arranged in each air vent hole.
7. The semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a pull rod system according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the horizontal warehouse is provided with a ventilation ground cage, and grain condition detection equipment and circulation fumigation equipment are arranged in the horizontal warehouse.
8. The semi-underground grain horizontal warehouse with a pull rod system according to claim 1, wherein: horizontal vaulting pole and connecting plate adopt steel finished piece, the width of prefabricated steel sheet matches with the distance of two liang of adjacent reinforced concrete columns, the height of prefabricated steel sheet is the bulkhead and is located the half of the height below the ground, the prefabricated steel sheet is two-layer, every that corresponds set up two horizontal vaulting poles on the reinforced concrete column, two set up the support frame of X type between the horizontal vaulting pole, the support frame is steel finished piece.
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CN109763682B (en) * 2019-03-06 2024-03-22 问建建 Underground refrigeration house structure and construction method thereof
CN113202336A (en) * 2021-06-17 2021-08-03 河南工业大学 Novel semi-underground assembled grain horizontal warehouse with suspended type warehouse cover pull rod system

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