JP2005076312A - Method for preventing dusting of soil and soil subjected to dusting preventive treatment - Google Patents

Method for preventing dusting of soil and soil subjected to dusting preventive treatment Download PDF

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JP2005076312A
JP2005076312A JP2003308873A JP2003308873A JP2005076312A JP 2005076312 A JP2005076312 A JP 2005076312A JP 2003308873 A JP2003308873 A JP 2003308873A JP 2003308873 A JP2003308873 A JP 2003308873A JP 2005076312 A JP2005076312 A JP 2005076312A
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soil
dust
water
dusting
dust generation
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Hisaharu Kataoka
久治 片岡
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BASIC SERVICE KK
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BASIC SERVICE KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method solving the difficult point of a conventional technique, displaying a remarkable dusting preventive effect for a prolonged term and also having the effects of the consolidation prevention of ground soil and an improvement or the like in a moisture retention and a water permeability and soil subjected to such a dusting preventive treatment. <P>SOLUTION: The dusting preventive method for soil comprises the steps of spraying a treatment agent containing water and resin to the soil and finely granulating the soil. The constitution of soil subjected to the dusting preventive treatment is composed of a treatment of the soil with the treatment agent containing the resin component and water and fine granulation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、風による土壌の発塵を防止する方法及び発塵防止処理を施した土壌に関するものであり、更に詳しくは、土壌の土粒子を樹脂により改質して発塵を防止すると共に、他にもいくつかの良好な特性を土壌に付与することのできる方法、及び、このような発塵防止処理を施した土壌に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for preventing soil dust generation due to wind and soil subjected to dust prevention treatment, and more specifically, soil particles are modified with resin to prevent dust generation, In addition, the present invention relates to a method capable of imparting some good characteristics to soil, and to soil subjected to such dust generation prevention treatment.

風による土壌の発塵現象は、人体や近隣環境へ多大な悪影響を与えることが知られていて、例えば学校の校庭やグランド等では、角膜の損傷、呼吸器官への影響、周囲住宅構造物や洗濯物の汚染等の問題が挙げられている。   Soil dust generation due to wind is known to have a significant adverse effect on the human body and the surrounding environment. For example, in school grounds and grounds, cornea damage, respiratory organ effects, surrounding housing structures and Problems such as contamination of laundry are cited.

一般に、学校の校庭やグランド等の表層土としてよく用いられる土壌としては、荒木田土、真砂土、赤土(ローム土)、黒土やアンツーカ等の単体土或いは混合土を主に挙げることができ、更に各種微細石類が混合される場合もあり、これらの土壌は、降雨、乾燥、靴による撹拌・転圧等により、除々に大きな土粒子が沈降する一方で、微細な土粒子が表面に集合し、これが風の作用で発塵の原因となる。   In general, the soil that is often used as the surface soil of school yard and ground, etc., can be mainly listed as single soil or mixed soil such as Arakida soil, Masa sand soil, red soil (roam soil), black soil and anthuka. Various types of fine stones may be mixed, and these soils gradually settle down due to rainfall, drying, agitation and rolling by shoes, etc., while fine soil particles gather on the surface. This causes dust generation by the action of the wind.

現在、上記のような風による土壌の発塵現象を抑制或いは防止するために、各種の発塵防止方法が試みられていて、例えば学校の校庭やグランド等に関する発塵防止方法は、おおむね以下の3種類に大別することができる。   At present, in order to suppress or prevent the dust generation phenomenon of the soil caused by the wind as described above, various dust generation prevention methods have been tried. For example, the dust generation prevention method for school yard, ground, etc. It can be roughly divided into three types.

1)時折散水する。   1) Watering occasionally.

2)発塵しにくい土類、例えば岩瀬砂等を散布する。   2) Sprinkle earth that is difficult to generate dust, such as Iwase sand.

3)塩化カルシウムや塩化マグネシウム等を散布し、その吸湿潮解性を利用する。   3) Sprinkle calcium chloride or magnesium chloride and use its moisture absorption and deliquescent properties.

土壌中の土粒子はさまざまな粒径を有しており、発塵現象の原因となる土粒子径は、おおよそ0. 1 mm以下であり、上記1)〜3)の各法とも、この微細な土粒子が風により舞い上がることを防止するものである。しかしながら、上記上記1)〜3)の各法にはそれぞれに問題点があった。   The soil particles in the soil have various particle sizes, and the soil particle size that causes the dust generation phenomenon is approximately 0.1 mm or less. This prevents the soil particles from rising by the wind. However, each of the above methods 1) to 3) has problems.

即ち、上記1)の方法は、散布された水分により、大きな土粒子の間の空隙に発塵現象の原因となる微細な土粒子の集合体を形成し、この集合体を重量化すること及び粘着性をもたせることにより発塵を防止するものであるが、1日に何度もの散水が必要であって多大な手間を要する反面、通常のグラウンドでは、土壌(荒木田土・赤土等)の表層土における表面の乾燥につれ、微細土粒子集合体の影響により毛細管現象がより大きく表われ、特に夏場や乾燥時期は多量に放水しても、表層はただちに乾燥し、十分な発塵効果が発起されないのである。
又、1)の方法にはスプリンクラー等の散水器具の使用も考えられるが、散水中はグラウンドの使用ができなくなるだけではなく、散水器具が運動の障害にならないようにその都度、設置と撤去を繰り返す必要があり、多大の労力を要し、特に水道を使用の場合は、その料金も多大である。更に、散水による含水土壌は、運動者の靴底に付着し、運動性に支障をきたすという難点も指摘されている。
That is, in the method 1), the dispersed water forms an aggregate of fine soil particles that cause dust generation in the gaps between the large soil particles, and the aggregate is weighted and Dust is prevented by giving it a stickiness, but it requires watering many times a day and requires a lot of work. On the normal ground, the surface layer of soil (Arakida soil, red soil, etc.) As the surface of the soil dries, the capillarity phenomenon appears more greatly due to the influence of aggregates of fine soil particles. Even in the summer and dry seasons, even if a large amount of water is discharged, the surface layer dries immediately, and sufficient dust generation effect does not occur It is.
In addition, although the use of watering equipment such as sprinklers can be considered in the method of 1), not only can the ground not be used during watering, but installation and removal should be performed each time so that the watering equipment does not interfere with movement. It needs to be repeated and requires a lot of labor, especially when using water. Furthermore, it has been pointed out that the water-containing soil caused by sprinkling adheres to the shoe soles of athletes and hinders mobility.

上記2)の方法は、グラウンド表面を他の土類、例えば岩瀬砂等で被覆し、発塵を抑えるものであり、他の土類を大量に散布すれば十分な発塵抑制効果が期待されるが、反面、運動靴の当該散布された土壌の層内へのめり込みにより、運動に不適切なグラウンドとなり好ましくない。従って、現状では、他の土類、例えば岩瀬砂等は下地土層より数mm厚程度に散布するにとどめられているので、運動や降雨により容易に下地層が露出したり、散布された他の土類が下地土と混合したりする結果、十分な発塵防止効果はなく、又、散布された他の土類が運動時に摩擦を受けることにより生じた新たな微細粒子が、再び発塵の原因となるという問題もある。   The above method 2) covers the ground surface with other soils such as Iwase sand to suppress dust generation, and if a large amount of other soils are sprayed, a sufficient dust suppression effect is expected. However, on the other hand, it is not preferable because athletic shoes are buried in the dispersed layer of the soil and become an inappropriate ground for exercise. Therefore, at present, other soils, such as Iwase sand, are only sprayed to a thickness of several millimeters from the ground soil layer, so that the ground layer can be easily exposed or dispersed by movement or rain. As a result of the soil mixed with the ground soil, there is not enough dust prevention effect, and new fine particles generated by friction of other sprayed soil during movement are generated again. There is also a problem of causing this.

上記3)の方法は、グラウンドに塩化カルシウムや塩化マグネシウム等の塩化物を散布すると、これらが土中及び空気中の水分を吸収して潮解するので、発塵現象の原因となる微細な土粒子をその溶解成分により結着させることにより、発塵を防止するものであるが、草木に有害な物質である塩化物を土壌に散布すること自体が、環境面で非常に問題であり、降雨の度に塩化物が土中に含浸、浸透し、短期間でその効力を失うと共にその一部が水溶液となって周囲に流出する恐れが十分に考えられ、従って、この方法は除々に消えつつある。   In the method of 3) above, when chlorides such as calcium chloride and magnesium chloride are sprayed on the ground, they absorb water in the soil and air and liquefy, so fine soil particles that cause dust generation , And its dissolved components prevent the generation of dust, but the application of chloride, which is a harmful substance to plants, to the soil itself is a very environmental problem, Every time chloride is impregnated and infiltrated into the soil, there is a strong possibility that it will lose its effectiveness in a short period of time and part of it will become an aqueous solution and escape to the surroundings, so this method is gradually disappearing .

本発明は、上記のような従来技術を背景としてなされたもので、従来技術による方法と比較して、長期にわたり格段の発塵防止効果を発揮し、併せてグランド土壌の固結防止や保湿性・透水性の改良等の効果も有する方法、及び、このような発塵防止処理を施した土壌を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention was made against the background of the prior art as described above. Compared to the method according to the prior art, the present invention exhibits a remarkable dust prevention effect over a long period of time, and also prevents caking and moisturizing of ground soil. -It aims at providing the method which also has effects, such as improvement of water permeability, and the soil which gave such dusting prevention processing.

上記目的を達成するために本発明が採用した土壌の発塵防止方法の構成は、土壌に対し、樹脂成分及び水を含む処理剤を散布した後、当該土壌を細粒化することを特徴とするものである。   The structure of the soil dust prevention method employed by the present invention to achieve the above object is characterized in that the soil is finely divided after spraying a treatment agent containing a resin component and water on the soil. To do.

又、同じく上記目的を達成するために本発明が採用した発塵防止処理を施した土壌の構成は、土壌を樹脂成分及び水を含む処理剤で処理し、細粒化してなることを特徴とすることを特徴とするものである。   Further, the structure of the soil subjected to the dust generation prevention treatment adopted by the present invention to achieve the above object is characterized in that the soil is treated with a treatment agent containing a resin component and water and is finely divided. It is characterized by doing.

以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

本発明による土壌の発塵防止方法の対象となる土壌としては、学校の校庭やグランド等の表層土としてよく用いられる、荒木田土、真砂土、赤土(ローム土)、黒土やアンツーカ等の単体土或いは混合土を主に挙げることができるが、更に各種微細石類が混合されていてもよく、すでに説明したように、これらの土壌は、降雨、乾燥、靴による撹拌・転圧等により、除々に大きな土粒子が沈降する一方で、微細な土粒子が表面に集合し、これが風の作用で発塵の原因となるのである。   As a target of the soil dust prevention method according to the present invention, simple soils such as Arakida soil, Masa sand soil, red soil (Rohm soil), black soil, and anthuka, which are often used as surface soil for schoolyards and grounds, etc. Alternatively, mixed soil can be mainly cited, but various fine stones may be mixed, and as already explained, these soils are gradually removed by rainfall, drying, agitation and rolling by shoes, etc. While large soil particles settle on the surface, fine soil particles collect on the surface, which causes dust generation by the action of the wind.

本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法では、例えば上記のような土壌に対して、まず、樹脂成分及び水を含む処理剤を散布するのであり、この処理剤に使用する樹脂成分としては、水に乳化分散可能な、例えば、アクリル酸エステル系樹脂、酢酸ビニル系樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂及びこれらの共重合体を挙げることができ、又、この樹脂成分には、これらの樹脂における樹脂分子に若干の親水性基を付与し、水溶性又は自己分散型にした樹脂を用いることも可能である。   In the soil dust prevention method of the present invention, for example, a treatment agent containing a resin component and water is first sprayed on the soil as described above, and the resin component used in this treatment agent is water. Examples of the resin component that can be emulsified and dispersed include acrylic acid ester resins, vinyl acetate resins, urethane resins, and copolymers thereof. It is also possible to use a resin imparted with a hydrophilic group and made water-soluble or self-dispersible.

本発明の方法で使用する処理剤は、樹脂成分以外に水を含んでおり、更に適宜の添加剤を必要に応じ添加しても差し支えない。このような添加剤としては、上記樹脂成分の水との乳化重合のための界面活性剤や防腐剤、凍結防止剤等を挙げることができる。   The treating agent used in the method of the present invention contains water in addition to the resin component, and an appropriate additive may be added as necessary. Examples of such additives include surfactants, preservatives and antifreeze agents for emulsion polymerization of the resin component with water.

尚、本発明の方法で使用する処理剤における上記樹脂成分及び水の割合については、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば
樹脂成分 0.1〜5重量%
水 99.9〜95.0重量%
という範囲を挙げることができる。
In addition, although it does not specifically limit about the said resin component and the ratio of water in the processing agent used by the method of this invention, For example, resin component 0.1-5 weight%
99.9-95.0% by weight of water
Can be mentioned.

本発明の方法において、上記処理剤を土壌に散布するための手段としては、特に限定されることはなく、水等を土壌に散布するために汎用されている手段をそのまま或いは適宜に変更して採用することができる。   In the method of the present invention, the means for spraying the treatment agent on the soil is not particularly limited, and the means commonly used for spraying water or the like to the soil is changed as it is or appropriately. Can be adopted.

本発明の方法において、上記処理剤を土壌に散布する量としては、特に限定されることはなく、当該土壌の状態や土壌層としての厚みその他に応じて適宜に決定をすることができるが、例えば、1m当たり0.5リットルから4リットルという範囲を挙げることができる。 In the method of the present invention, the amount of the treatment agent applied to the soil is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately determined according to the state of the soil and the thickness of the soil layer, etc. For example, a range of 0.5 to 4 liters per 1 m 2 can be mentioned.

本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法では、次いで、上記処理剤が散布された当該土壌を細粒化するのであるが、この細粒化に先立ち或いは細粒化の後に、処理剤が散布された当該土壌を適宜の手段で乾燥してもよい。   In the soil dusting prevention method of the present invention, the soil to which the treatment agent is dispersed is then finely divided, but the treatment agent is dispersed before or after the finening. The soil may be dried by an appropriate means.

上記「細粒化」とは、上記処理剤が散布され、ある程度に凝集した当該土壌の土粒子を、上記処理剤が散布される前の土粒子(上記1)の方法にいう大きな土粒子)と同様の大きさの土粒子とすることを示し、好適には耕運機等を用いて行われる。尚、土壌の状態に応じて、同様の「細粒化」を上記処理剤を散布する前の土壌に対して行ってもよい。   The above-mentioned “fine graining” means that the soil particles of the soil that have been agglomerated to a certain extent with the treatment agent dispersed are the soil particles before the treatment agent is dispersed (large soil particles in the method of 1) The soil particles having the same size as the above are preferably used, and it is preferably performed using a cultivator. In addition, according to the state of soil, you may perform the same "fine graining" with respect to the soil before spraying the said processing agent.

最後に、必要に応じローラー等で土壌を転圧し、本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法の適用を終了する。
上記のようにして本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法を適用した土壌においては、上記処理剤中の樹脂の作用で、発塵現象の原因となる微細な土粒子が、発塵現象の原因とならない、微細な土粒子以外の大きな土粒子の表面に付着し固定されるか、或いは、微細な土粒子同士が固着して、発塵現象の原因とならない程度にまで大きさや重量を増加させることにより、発塵現象を防止するものである。
Finally, the soil is rolled with a roller or the like as necessary, and the application of the soil dusting prevention method of the present invention is completed.
In the soil to which the method for preventing dust generation of the soil of the present invention is applied as described above, the fine soil particles that cause the dust generation phenomenon are caused by the action of the resin in the treatment agent. Do not become attached to the surface of the large soil particles other than the fine soil particles and fixed, or the fine soil particles adhere to each other and increase the size and weight to the extent that does not cause dust generation. Thus, the dust generation phenomenon is prevented.

又、本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法を適用する前の土壌の粒子は、発塵現象の原因となる微細土粒子と、他の小、中、大粒子から構成されているが、これに本発明で使用する樹脂成分を含む処理剤が散布されると、小、中、大粒子土表面に存在する割れの原因となる微細クラックに浸透し、乾燥後に強固な樹脂含侵体を形成し、微細クラックの割れを防止し、発塵現象の原因となる微細土粒子の発生を防止する。   In addition, the soil particles before applying the method for preventing dust generation of the present invention are composed of fine soil particles that cause dust generation and other small, medium, and large particles. When a treatment agent containing a resin component used in the present invention is sprayed, it penetrates into fine cracks that cause cracks existing on the surface of small, medium and large particles, and forms a strong resin impregnated body after drying. , Prevents cracking of fine cracks and prevents generation of fine soil particles that cause dust generation.

更に、本発明で使用する樹脂成分を含む処理剤が土粒子全体を被覆すれば、土粒子自体の割れや摩耗を防ぐべく機能し、又、本発明で使用される樹脂成分に、乾燥後ゴム弾性を有するものを使用した場合は、本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法を適用した土粒子も外圧により破壊しにくい構造となる。   Furthermore, if the treating agent containing the resin component used in the present invention covers the entire soil particles, it functions to prevent cracking and wear of the soil particles themselves. In addition, the resin component used in the present invention has a rubber after drying. When an elastic material is used, the soil particles to which the soil dusting prevention method of the present invention is applied also have a structure that is not easily broken by external pressure.

加えて、本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法を適用した土壌においては、実質的に発塵現象の原因となる微細な土粒子がそれ単独で存在することがなくなるため、発塵防止されるばかりではなく、更に別の効果をももたらす。即ち、降雨後の排水性を良くするために、一般にグラウンドにはその地中内に暗渠配管を埋設することが多く、発塵現象の原因となる微細な土粒子が多い場合は次第に微細な土粒子が大きな土粒子間に充填され、数年で透水性の低下を招き、暗渠配管もその役目を果たせなくなるのであるが、本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法を適用した土壌においては、このような現象が起きないため、長期間にわたって暗渠配管がその役目を果たすことができる。   In addition, in the soil to which the method for preventing dust generation of the soil of the present invention is applied, fine soil particles that substantially cause the dust generation phenomenon do not exist alone, so that dust generation is only prevented. But it also has another effect. That is, in order to improve drainage after rain, in general, underground pipes are often buried in the ground, and if there are a lot of fine soil particles that cause dust generation, the soil becomes gradually finer. Particles are packed between large soil particles, causing a decrease in water permeability in a few years, and the underdrain pipe can no longer play its role, but in the soil to which the dust prevention method of the present invention is applied, this is the case. Therefore, the underdrain pipe can play its role over a long period of time.

又、発塵現象の原因となる微細な土粒子が多く、微細な土粒子が大きな土粒子間に最密状態にまで充填された場合は、大きな土粒子同士が固結された、運動に不適なグランドとなってしまうのであるが、本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法を適用した土壌においては、このような現象が起きないため、長期間にわたって運動に適したグラウンド状態を保つことができる。   In addition, there are many fine soil particles that cause dust generation, and when the fine soil particles are packed to a close-packed state between large soil particles, the large soil particles are solidified and are not suitable for movement. However, such a phenomenon does not occur in the soil to which the soil dust generation prevention method of the present invention is applied, so that a ground state suitable for exercise can be maintained for a long period of time.

尚、靴やこれによる砂同士の摩擦による土粒子の摩耗や割れ、崩壊等に対処するため、適所に上記処理液の希薄溶液を年1度程度散布することが望ましい。   In addition, in order to deal with wear, cracks, collapse, etc. of soil particles due to friction between shoes and sand caused by this, it is desirable to spray a dilute solution of the above-mentioned treatment liquid once a year at an appropriate place.

一方、上記はすでに施工が終了しているグラウンド等の土壌を対象に本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法を適用する場合について説明したが、本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法を適用する対象はこれに限定されず、グラウンド等に積層する前の土壌を対象として、必要に応じてまず当該土壌を細粒化し、上記のように構成される処理剤を当該土壌に散布し、必要に応じて乾燥した後、更に細粒化することにより、発塵防止処理を施した土壌を得、これをグラウンド等に積層するようにしても良く、このように予め発塵防止処理を施した土壌を準備しておくことにより、雨天時及び降雨直後でもグラウンド等の発塵を有効に防止することができる。   On the other hand, the above describes the case where the soil dust prevention method of the present invention is applied to soil such as ground that has already been completed, but the object to which the soil dust prevention method of the present invention is applied is Without being limited to this, for the soil before lamination on the ground, etc., the soil is first refined as necessary, and the treatment agent configured as described above is sprayed on the soil, as necessary After drying, it is possible to obtain a soil that has been subjected to dust generation prevention treatment by further finely pulverizing it, and to laminate this on the ground, etc. By doing so, it is possible to effectively prevent dust generation on the ground or the like even in rainy weather or immediately after raining.

上記のようにあらかじめ発塵防止処理を施した土壌を準備しておく場合は、混合性の面から螺旋帯型撹拌機の使用が好ましいが、重粉粒体を混合できるものであれば、例えば捏和機等や更には、生コンクリート調合用のミキサーも使用可能であり、既存の生コンプラントもそのまま利用することができる。   When preparing soil that has been subjected to dust prevention treatment in advance as described above, it is preferable to use a spiral band stirrer from the standpoint of mixing, but if it can mix heavy particles, for example, A kneader or the like, or a mixer for preparing ready-mixed concrete can also be used, and an existing ready-made plant can be used as it is.

又、必要に応じて採用される乾燥のための装置としては、大量処理及び経済性等の面から内熱式単筒型ロータリーキルン方式が好ましいが、他の各種乾燥機も使用可能である。   Moreover, as an apparatus for drying employed as necessary, an internal heating type single-cylinder rotary kiln system is preferable from the viewpoint of mass processing and economy, but various other dryers can also be used.

以下に本発明を実施例により更に詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

以下の表1のような成分より構成される処理剤を調製した。   A treating agent composed of the components shown in Table 1 below was prepared.

Figure 2005076312
実施例1、2及び比較例1
対象土としては一般によく用いられる荒木田土、赤土(ローム土)の各々単体及び混合品を使用し、各対象土とも含水量を12重量%に調整した後、この対象土を表2の配合に従い処理を施した。
Figure 2005076312
Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1
As target soil, Arakida soil and red soil (loam soil), which are commonly used, are used alone and mixed, and after adjusting the water content to 12% by weight for each target soil, the target soil is mixed according to the composition in Table 2. Treated.

Figure 2005076312
処理方法は、各例とも対象土1,000gをガラスビーカー(1,000mL)に取り、処理剤を加えてガラス製撹拌棒で2分間良く混ぜ合わせた後、ポリエチレン製皿に2cm厚に敷のばし、自然乾燥させた。比較例1は、実質的に無処理と同様であるが、各実施例で処理剤添加後の撹拌により多少の砂同士の摩耗があり、これを同条件にするために水を加えた。乾燥後は、各処理土とも全量を400メッシュの金網を通してふるい、細粒化した。得られたそれぞれの対象土について、発塵性、透水性、保水性を測定した。
Figure 2005076312
In each case, 1,000g of the target soil is taken into a glass beaker (1,000mL) in each case, and after adding the treatment agent and mixing well with a glass stir bar for 2 minutes, spread it 2cm thick on a polyethylene dish, Dried. Comparative Example 1 was substantially the same as untreated, but in each Example, there was some abrasion between the sands due to stirring after the addition of the treatment agent, and water was added to make this the same condition. After drying, the entire amount of each treated soil was sieved through a 400-mesh wire mesh and refined. About each obtained target soil, dustiness, water permeability, and water retention were measured.

(発塵性試験−その1)
木製容器1に各対象土2500 g を、図1に示すように平坦に敷きならし、図2に示すように容器の開ロ部3より1mの距離に、羽根を水平面より20度の角度に設定した扇風機4を設置した。扇風機の風速を、風速計5で測定しながら風速12m/秒に調節し、このまま10分間放置した後、残留した対象土の量を測定した。結果を表3に示す。
(Dust generation test-1)
Place 2500 g of the target soil on the wooden container 1 flatly as shown in FIG. 1, and at a distance of 1 m from the open part 3 of the container and the blade at an angle of 20 degrees from the horizontal plane as shown in FIG. The set electric fan 4 was installed. The wind speed of the electric fan was adjusted to a wind speed of 12 m / sec while measuring with an anemometer 5 and left for 10 minutes as it was, and then the amount of residual soil was measured. The results are shown in Table 3.

Figure 2005076312
尚、試験中の対象土の挙動としては、時間の経過につれ側面開口部の土が除々に奥壁部に押しやられ、終了時には底面の奥半分近くまで全量が移動していた。この間、実施例1−1〜実施例2−3の対象土については、目視での発塵は観察されなかったが、一方、比較例1−1〜1−3の対象土では、扇風機の稼動と同時に大量の発塵を程し、終了時はほとんど観察されなかった。これは発塵微細粒子量が10分間でほとんど飛んでしまった為である。又、試験中、全対象土とも表層部の土は容器内で風により常に移動し、約10 mm程度舞い上っていた。
(発塵性試験−その2)
図3に示すような装置を使用して発塵の程度を測定した。即ち、アクリル製の二分割式球形容器6内に資料としての対象土7を50g入れ、吹出しノズル8を取り付けた上蓋6’を取り付け、吹出しノズル8を、弁9及び圧力計10を介して圧力タンク11に接続し、圧力タンク11内の圧力をポンプ12により2kg/cmに設定した。そして、弁9を一気に開放して圧力タンク11内の圧力を1kg/cmにまで低下させ、二分割式球形容器6内の浮遊粉塵を散乱光式デジタル粉塵計13を用いて計測した。計測は、吹出し後の浮遊粉塵の相対濃度(CPM = count per minutes)を、1分間隔で合計5回測定した。尚、資料としての対象土7としては実施例1−3、同2−3及び比較例1−3のものを使用した。結果を表4に示す。
Figure 2005076312
As the behavior of the target soil during the test, the soil at the side opening was gradually pushed to the back wall as time passed, and at the end, the entire amount moved to near the back half of the bottom. During this time, no visual dust generation was observed for the target soils of Examples 1-1 to 2-3, while the fans were operated in the target soils of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3. At the same time, a large amount of dust was released and was hardly observed at the end. This is because the amount of fine dust particles almost flew in 10 minutes. During the test, the surface soil of all the target soils was always moved by the wind in the container and soared about 10 mm.
(Dust generation test-2)
The degree of dust generation was measured using an apparatus as shown in FIG. That is, 50 g of target soil 7 as a material is placed in an acrylic two-part spherical container 6, an upper lid 6 ′ with a blowing nozzle 8 is attached, and the blowing nozzle 8 is pressurized through a valve 9 and a pressure gauge 10. The tank 11 was connected, and the pressure in the pressure tank 11 was set to 2 kg / cm 2 by the pump 12. Then, the valve 9 was opened at a stroke to reduce the pressure in the pressure tank 11 to 1 kg / cm 2 , and the suspended dust in the two-part spherical container 6 was measured using the scattered light digital dust meter 13. For the measurement, the relative concentration (CPM = count per minutes) of the suspended dust after blowing was measured 5 times at intervals of 1 minute. In addition, the thing of Example 1-3, the same 2-3, and the comparative example 1-3 was used as the object soil 7 as a data. The results are shown in Table 4.

Figure 2005076312
尚、一般に相対濃度が300CPMを超えると目視による発塵現象が観察されるといわれる。
(透水性試験)
底部に直径5mmの排水孔を20個設けた内径70mm、高さ200mmの透明プラスチック製円筒容器を9本用意した。この各内底部にポリエチレン製不織布を内径に合わせて張り置き、筒内に実施例1−1〜実施例2−3の対象土及び比較例1−1〜1−3の対象土を同一の充填条件実現のために各lOOgずつ投入し、その都度、計9本の円筒を高さ10 cmより底部を机上に計30回打撃し、計500g充填した。9本の円筒の各々に水300mLを投入し、排水が円筒管底部より抜けきる時間を測定した。結果を表5に示す。
Figure 2005076312
In general, it is said that a visual dust generation phenomenon is observed when the relative concentration exceeds 300 CPM.
(Water permeability test)
Nine transparent plastic cylindrical containers with an inner diameter of 70 mm and a height of 200 mm with 20 drain holes with a diameter of 5 mm provided at the bottom were prepared. A polyethylene non-woven fabric is stretched in accordance with the inner diameter of each inner bottom, and the target soil of Example 1-1 to Example 2-3 and the target soil of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 are filled in the cylinder in the same manner. In order to realize the conditions, each lOOg was introduced, and each time, a total of 9 cylinders were hit 30 times a total of 10 cm in height from the bottom on a desk, and a total of 500 g was filled. Each of the nine cylinders was charged with 300 mL of water, and the time for drainage to drain from the bottom of the cylindrical tube was measured. The results are shown in Table 5.

Figure 2005076312
表5が示すように、実施例1−1〜実施例2−3の対象土の透水性は、比較例1−1〜1−3の対象土のそれに較べ大幅に改良されていることがわかる。
(保水性試験)
透水性試験終了後の各対象土が充填された円筒容器を、そのまま保水性試験に利用し、排水終了後の円筒内の試料土の乾燥性を測定した。各円筒容器の重量は何れも含まれていた水の蒸発により除々に減量し、最後は乾燥土重量と容器の合計重量になるので、その間の時間を測定した。結果を表6に示す。
Figure 2005076312
As Table 5 shows, it turns out that the water permeability of the target soil of Example 1-1 to Example 2-3 is significantly improved compared to that of the target soil of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3. .
(Water retention test)
The cylindrical container filled with each target soil after completion of the water permeability test was directly used for the water retention test, and the drying property of the sample soil in the cylinder after completion of drainage was measured. The weight of each cylindrical container was gradually reduced by evaporation of the water contained therein, and finally the dry soil weight and the total weight of the container were reached, so the time between them was measured. The results are shown in Table 6.

Figure 2005076312
表6が示すように、実施例1−1〜実施例2−3の対象土は比較例1−1〜1−3の対象土の平均約7倍ほど保水性が高まっている。又、実施例1−1〜実施例2−3の対象土と比較例1−1〜1−3の対象土の見掛上の容量比は、同重量の対象土で10:8であり、処理土が多量の空隙を有することがわかる。
Figure 2005076312
As Table 6 shows, the target soil of Example 1-1 to Example 2-3 has an increased water retention by about 7 times on average than the target soil of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3. Moreover, the apparent capacity ratio of the target soil of Example 1-1 to Example 2-3 and the target soil of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 is 10: 8 for the target soil of the same weight, It can be seen that the treated soil has a lot of voids.

更に又、実施例1−1〜実施例2−3の対象土と比較例1−1〜1−3の対象土の耐摩耗性を比較するため、次の試験を実施した。即ち、実験用小型ボールミルの陶製回転容器(1,000mL)内に比較例1−1の対象土300 gを投入し、60回転/分で30分間作動させた後、摩耗による微細上粒子の測定のために全量をビーカーに取り、水を加えて2,OOOmLとした後にガラス棒で良く撹拌し、10秒間放置後、水中に浮遊している微細土粒子を含む上澄液を除去し、これを上澄液が清澄になるまで数回繰り返した。残溜土を乾燥してその重量を測定した。尚、ミル容器投入前の対象土の同法による残留土重量は258gであった。次に、同様の試験を実施例1−1の対象土についても実施した。以上の試験の測定値を表7に示す。   Furthermore, in order to compare the wear resistance of the target soil of Example 1-1 to Example 2-3 and the target soil of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3, the following test was performed. That is, 300 g of the target soil of Comparative Example 1-1 was put into a ceramic rotating container (1,000 mL) of a small laboratory ball mill and operated at 60 rpm for 30 minutes, and then the fine top particles due to wear were measured. For this, take the whole amount into a beaker, add water to make 2OOOmL, stir well with a glass rod, leave it for 10 seconds, remove the supernatant liquid containing fine soil particles floating in water, This was repeated several times until the supernatant became clear. The remaining soil was dried and its weight was measured. In addition, the residual soil weight by the same method of the target soil before the mill container was charged was 258 g. Next, a similar test was performed on the target soil of Example 1-1. Table 7 shows the measured values of the above tests.

Figure 2005076312
表7が示すように、実施例1−1の対象土はほとんど摩耗せず(摩耗率1.3%)、これに対して比較例1−1の対象土は明らかに高摩耗率(摩耗率16%)であることがわかる。これは、実施例の対象土では発塵処理によりグランド上での運動による砂の耐摩耗が向上し、新たな発塵微細土粒子の生成を抑制できることを表している。
Figure 2005076312
As Table 7 shows, the target soil of Example 1-1 hardly wears (wear rate 1.3%), whereas the target soil of Comparative Example 1-1 clearly has a high wear rate (wear rate 16%). )It can be seen that it is. This indicates that the target soil of the example improves the abrasion resistance of sand due to the movement on the ground by the dust generation treatment, and can suppress the generation of new dust generation fine soil particles.

更に又、自然下での処理土の経年変化を見るため次の試験を実施した。即ち、底面に排水孔(径8mm)を50個設けたプラスチック製容器(300×300×100 mm)の底部に、ポリエチレン製不織布を敷き、これを2個用意した。この各容器内に、実施例1−1の処理土及び実施例2−1の処理土を各3,000g入れ、均しコテで転圧し、これを屋外に10ヶ月間(1月〜10月)放置した。この間、7日おきに表面(深さI O mm程度)を金ブラシでほぐした後、小型の木製コテで均しながら表面を強く摩擦(1分間)した。又、周囲からの風により飛来する発塵土の試験容器への混入を防ぐため、3階建ビルの屋上に容器を設置した。 この試料土の発塵性、透水性、保水性を測定した。結果を表8に示す。   Furthermore, the following test was conducted in order to see the secular change of the treated soil under natural conditions. That is, a polyethylene non-woven fabric was laid on the bottom of a plastic container (300 × 300 × 100 mm) having 50 drain holes (diameter 8 mm) on the bottom, and two of these were prepared. In each of these containers, 3,000 g of the treated soil of Example 1-1 and the treated soil of Example 2-1 are placed and rolled with a leveling iron for 10 months (January to October). I left it alone. During this time, the surface (depth I O mm) was loosened with a gold brush every 7 days, and then the surface was rubbed strongly (1 minute) while being smoothed with a small wooden trowel. In addition, a container was installed on the roof of a three-story building in order to prevent mixing of dusting soil flying from the surrounding air into the test container. The sample soil was measured for dust generation, water permeability and water retention. The results are shown in Table 8.

Figure 2005076312
表8が示すように、前記表3、4、5に示した結果と比べ、各性能とも特に格段の低下を招いていないと判断された。
Figure 2005076312
As shown in Table 8, it was determined that the performance was not particularly reduced compared to the results shown in Tables 3, 4, and 5.

実施例3
(実際のグラウンドでの処理)
赤土グラウンド約500m2をトラクターにより深さ50mm程度耕運し、酢酸ビニル・エチレン共重合エマルション水溶液系の発塵防止剤を、前記実施例と同様の濃度にて平米当り3Lとなるように散布してから混合し、乾燥促進のため再び耕運した。24時間放置後、ローラーにて複数回転圧し、グラウンドとして使用可能な状態に整地した。この土壌を採取して、発塵性・透水性・保水性を測定した。結果を表9に示す。
Example 3
(Actual ground processing)
The red clay ground about 500 meters 2 and a depth of 50mm about tillage by tractor, a dust inhibitor solution vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion system was sprayed so that the square meter per 3L in the same concentration as in the above-described embodiment Then mixed and cultivated again to promote drying. After being left for 24 hours, multiple rotation pressures were applied with a roller, and the ground was prepared so that it could be used as a ground. This soil was collected and measured for dust generation, water permeability and water retention. The results are shown in Table 9.

Figure 2005076312
表9が示すように、上記実施例と比較して各性能が若干低下していたが、比較例のそれと較べれば無視できる程度の値である。
Figure 2005076312
As Table 9 shows, each performance was slightly degraded as compared with the above example, but it is a negligible value compared with that of the comparative example.

尚、実施例3では、更に排水不能となっていた暗渠管再生のため、暗渠管管上層部の土層を幅800 mm、深さ250 mmまで掘り起こし、この掘削土を左管用ミキサーを用いて現場で発塵防止処理を施し、この処理済乾燥土を埋戻した。その結果、従来は大雨後のグラウンド上に2日程度点在していた多数の雨だまりが、処理後は同じような降雨後も多数の雨だまりが数時間で消滅した。これは、グラウンド表層部50mm厚の土壌透水性が、前記処理により改良され、雨水が地層内をめぐり、暗渠管に集水した結果である。   In Example 3, in order to regenerate the culvert pipe that could not be drained, the upper layer of the culvert pipe was dug up to a width of 800 mm and a depth of 250 mm, and this excavated soil was mixed using a left pipe mixer. Dust prevention treatment was performed on site, and this treated dry soil was backfilled. As a result, many rain puddles that were conventionally scattered on the ground after heavy rain for about two days have disappeared in a few hours after the same rain after treatment. This is the result of the soil surface permeability of the ground surface layer of 50 mm thickness being improved by the above-described treatment, and rainwater circulating in the formation and collecting in the underdrain pipe.

又、実際の現場においては、雨天等の影響により施工が不能となる場合が十分ありえる。そこで、以下に示すように、あらかじめ工場等の実際の現場以外の場所において、発塵防止処理を施した土壌を製造し、これを現場に搬送後敷き均し、転圧することで発塵をおさえ、同時に透水性、保水性をも確保させることもできる。   In actual sites, construction may be impossible due to rainy weather. Therefore, as shown below, in a place other than the actual site such as a factory, soil that has been dust-prevented is manufactured in advance, and this is transported to the site and then spread and crushed to reduce dust generation. At the same time, water permeability and water retention can be secured.

実施例4
200 L の容量を備えた螺旋帯型撹拌機に、赤土270 kgを投入し撹拌し、実施例同様の濃度(21 kg)の処理剤を加え3分間撹拌した。この乾燥品をふるいにかけ、実施例と同じ性能測定をした。結果を表10に示す。
Example 4
270 kg of red clay was added to a spiral band stirrer having a capacity of 200 L and stirred, and a treatment agent having the same concentration (21 kg) as in Example was added and stirred for 3 minutes. The dried product was sieved and the same performance measurement as in the example was performed. The results are shown in Table 10.

Figure 2005076312
表10が示すように、あらかじめ工場等の実際の現場以外の場所において、発塵防止処理を施した土壌を製造しても、十分に良好な諸性能を有する製品が生産可能であることが判明した。
Figure 2005076312
As Table 10 shows, it was found that products with sufficiently good performance could be produced even if the dust-prevented soil was produced in a place other than the actual site such as a factory in advance. did.

以上の結果から明らかなように、本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法を適用することにより、健康や環境に悪影響を及ぼす発塵性の微細土粒子を大幅に低減させることができ、更には本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法を適用しない土壌と比較して、透水性、保水性をも飛躍的に向上させ、グラウンド土として最適な土壌を提供することが可能である。   As is clear from the above results, by applying the soil dust prevention method of the present invention, dust-generating fine soil particles that adversely affect health and the environment can be significantly reduced. Compared with the soil to which the method for preventing dust generation of the soil of the invention is not applied, it is possible to dramatically improve the water permeability and water retention and to provide the optimum soil as the ground soil.

又、本発明の土壌の発塵防止方法を適用のための工事も、現場で簡易に行うことができ、天候の影響によりこの工事が不能な場合でも、あらかじめ発塵防止処理を施した土壌を製造し、これを現場に提供することもできる。   Also, the construction for applying the soil dust prevention method of the present invention can be easily performed at the site, and even if this construction is impossible due to the influence of the weather, the soil that has been subjected to the dust prevention treatment in advance is used. It can also be manufactured and provided to the site.

土壌の発塵性を測定するための木製容器に関する説明図Explanatory drawing on wooden containers for measuring soil dust generation 図1の土壌を敷き均した木製容器と扇風機の配置図Fig. 1 Arrangement of wooden container and fan with soil spread 発塵の程度を測定するための装置の配置図Device layout for measuring the degree of dust generation

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 木製容器
2 試料土
3 試料土入木製容器
4 扇風機
5 風速計
6 球形容器
7 対象土
8 吹出しノズル
9 弁
10 圧力計
11 圧力タンク
12 ポンプ
13 散乱光式デジタル粉塵計
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wooden container 2 Sample soil 3 Sample soil-containing wooden container 4 Fan 5 Anemometer 6 Spherical container 7 Target soil 8 Outlet nozzle 9 Valve 10 Pressure gauge 11 Pressure tank 12 Pump 13 Scattered light type digital dust meter

Claims (4)

土壌に対し、樹脂成分及び水を含む処理剤を散布した後、当該土壌を細粒化することを特徴とする土壌の発塵防止方法。 A method for preventing soil dusting, comprising: spraying a treatment agent containing a resin component and water on soil, and then refining the soil. 樹脂成分が、アクリル酸エステル系樹脂、酢酸ビニル系樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂又はこれらの共重合体の1種以上である請求項1に記載の土壌の発塵防止方法。 The soil dust prevention method according to claim 1, wherein the resin component is at least one of an acrylate resin, a vinyl acetate resin, a urethane resin, or a copolymer thereof. 土壌を樹脂成分及び水を含む処理剤で処理し、細粒化してなることを特徴とする発塵防止処理を施した土壌。 A soil subjected to dust generation prevention treatment, characterized in that the soil is treated with a treatment agent containing a resin component and water and is finely divided. 樹脂成分が、アクリル酸エステル系樹脂、酢酸ビニル系樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂又はこれらの共重合体の1種以上である請求項3に記載の発塵防止処理を施した土壌。 The soil subjected to dust generation prevention treatment according to claim 3, wherein the resin component is at least one of acrylic ester resin, vinyl acetate resin, urethane resin, or a copolymer thereof.
JP2003308873A 2003-09-01 2003-09-01 Method for preventing dusting of soil and soil subjected to dusting preventive treatment Pending JP2005076312A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010024660A (en) * 2008-07-16 2010-02-04 Takanobu Yasuma Dustproof treatment method for ground
JP2016061078A (en) * 2014-09-18 2016-04-25 栗田工業株式会社 Dust prevention processing method
JP2019104823A (en) * 2017-12-12 2019-06-27 デンカ株式会社 Soil modifying agent and solid modifying method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010024660A (en) * 2008-07-16 2010-02-04 Takanobu Yasuma Dustproof treatment method for ground
JP2016061078A (en) * 2014-09-18 2016-04-25 栗田工業株式会社 Dust prevention processing method
JP2019104823A (en) * 2017-12-12 2019-06-27 デンカ株式会社 Soil modifying agent and solid modifying method

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