JP2005058069A - Pigment fading preventive agent - Google Patents

Pigment fading preventive agent Download PDF

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JP2005058069A
JP2005058069A JP2003291385A JP2003291385A JP2005058069A JP 2005058069 A JP2005058069 A JP 2005058069A JP 2003291385 A JP2003291385 A JP 2003291385A JP 2003291385 A JP2003291385 A JP 2003291385A JP 2005058069 A JP2005058069 A JP 2005058069A
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fading
preventive agent
gardenia yellow
yellow pigment
extract
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Eiji Takai
英司 高井
Noritsugu Sasaki
則嗣 佐々木
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Soda Aromatic Co Ltd
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Soda Aromatic Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a safe fading preventive agent derived from plants, significantly suppressing the fading phenomenon of gardenia yellow pigment as natural pigment. <P>SOLUTION: This pigment fading preventive agent of gardenia yellow pigment has as the active ingredient the extract of leaves of Cinnamomum camphora Sieb. glaucescens Alex. Braun. The fading preventive agent is added particularly to food containing gardenia yellow pigment so as to significantly suppress fading of the food caused by heat or light. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、食品、健康食品、特定保健用食品、飼料などに使用することができるクチナシ黄色色素の退色防止剤に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an anti-fading agent for gardenia yellow pigment that can be used in food, health food, food for specified health use, feed, and the like.

近年、従来多用されていた合成色素に代わり、クチナシ色素をはじめとする天然色素が食品、化粧品、医薬品などの分野で広く利用されるようになっている。   In recent years, natural pigments such as gardenia pigments have been widely used in the fields of foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and the like in place of synthetic pigments that have been frequently used.

しかしながら、これらの天然色素は不安定であり、酸素、加熱処理や光照射により、変色及び退色し易いことが知られており、特に最近では、中身が良く見えるようなガラス容器、ペットボトル、ビニール包装等の透明容器が消費者に好まれ、長時間蛍光燈などの光に曝露される機会が多くなってきており、経時的に色調の変化及び退色などが生じ、商品価値が著しく低下してしまうという問題がある。とりわけクチナシ黄色色素は酸性領域で極めて不安定であり、酸素、光及び熱などの影響を受けて短期間に退色することが知られている。   However, these natural pigments are unstable and are known to be easily discolored and discolored by oxygen, heat treatment or light irradiation. Recently, glass containers, plastic bottles, vinyls, etc. whose contents can be seen well. Transparent containers such as packaging are favored by consumers, and the opportunity to be exposed to light such as fluorescent lights for a long time has increased, resulting in a change in color tone and fading over time, resulting in a marked drop in commercial value. There is a problem of end. In particular, gardenia yellow pigment is extremely unstable in the acidic region, and is known to fade in a short period of time under the influence of oxygen, light and heat.

このため、従来から、かかるクチナシ黄色色素の不安定さを解消して退色現象を防止するために種々の安定化剤並びに退色防止剤が検討され、開発されている。たとえば、クロロゲン酸及びカフェー酸がクチナシ青色色素及びベニバナ黄色色素に対して退色防止効果を奏することが知られている。(特許文献1)また、クロロゲン酸及びカフェー酸がクチナシ黄色色素に対して退色防止効果を奏することが記載されている。(特許文献2)
特開平5−32909号公報 特開平6−93199号公報
For this reason, conventionally, various stabilizers and anti-fading agents have been studied and developed in order to eliminate the instability of the gardenia yellow pigment and prevent the fading phenomenon. For example, it is known that chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid have a fading prevention effect on gardenia blue pigment and safflower yellow pigment. (Patent Document 1) Further, it is described that chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid have a fading preventing effect on gardenia yellow pigment. (Patent Document 2)
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-32909 JP-A-6-93199

しかしながら、本発明者が確認したところ、クロロゲン酸及びカフェー酸の上記色素に対する退色防止効果は十分満足できるものとはいえず、特に熱や光によるクチナシ黄色色素の退色については十分な予防ができないのが実情であった。本発明は、これらの天然色素の退色現象を有意に抑制することのできる退色防止剤を提供することを目的とするものである。   However, the present inventors have confirmed that the discoloration prevention effect of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid on the above-mentioned dyes is not sufficiently satisfactory, and in particular, the discoloration of gardenia yellow dyes due to heat and light cannot be sufficiently prevented. Was the actual situation. An object of the present invention is to provide an anti-fading agent capable of significantly suppressing the fading phenomenon of these natural pigments.

本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、芳樟(Cinnamomum camphora Sieb. glaucescens Alex. Braun)に、クチナシ黄色色素の退色防止効果を見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。   As a result of intensive studies in order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found in Cinnamum camphora Sieb. Glacescens Alex. Braun the effect of preventing the fading of gardenia yellow pigment, and to complete the present invention. It came.

本発明の色素退色防止剤は、天然の芳樟葉より得られるものであり、安全性が高く、しかも高い退色防止効果を示す。   The dye fading preventive agent of the present invention is obtained from natural melamine leaf, has high safety and exhibits a high fading preventing effect.

本発明において使用される芳樟葉は、産地、摘採時期など特に限定はされないが日本および中国産の芳樟葉が好ましく用いられる。また、使用される芳樟葉は生あるいは乾燥したものであっても良く、さらには精油採取後の残渣であっても良い。   The bonito leaves used in the present invention are not particularly limited, such as the production area and picking time, but bonito leaves from Japan and China are preferably used. Moreover, the mellow leaf used may be fresh or dried, and may be a residue after collecting essential oil.

本発明において抽出に用いる芳樟葉の形状は特に限定しないが、抽出効率および操作の簡便さなどを考慮すると5mm以下に裁断又は粗砕した乾燥葉を用いることが好ましい。   The shape of the mellow leaf used for extraction in the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a dried leaf that has been cut or crushed to 5 mm or less in consideration of extraction efficiency and ease of operation.

本発明の退色防止剤は、連続抽出、浸漬抽出、撹拌抽出、向流抽出、超臨界抽出など任意の方法で芳樟葉から抽出することができるが、極性溶媒を用いて撹拌抽出することが好ましい。極性溶媒の種類としては、メタノール、エタノール、ブタノールなどのアルコール類、アセトン、酢酸エチル、ジエチルエーテルなどの有機溶媒、水が挙げられ、これらの溶媒を複数組み合わせて利用してもよいが、食品への使用における安全性などの面から含水エタノールが特に好ましく用いられる。   The anti-fading agent of the present invention can be extracted from ginger leaves by any method such as continuous extraction, immersion extraction, stirring extraction, countercurrent extraction, and supercritical extraction, but is preferably extracted with stirring using a polar solvent. . Examples of polar solvents include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, and butanol, organic solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate, and diethyl ether, and water, and these solvents may be used in combination. Hydrous ethanol is particularly preferably used from the standpoint of safety in use.

本発明において極性溶媒抽出を行う場合、芳樟の葉1重量部に対し極性溶媒5〜100重量部を使用することが好ましい。例えば、含水エタノールを用いる場合、含水エタノールの量が芳樟の葉1重量部に対し10〜50重量部であることがさらに好ましい。また、含水エタノールの水とエタノールは任意の比率で混合することができるが、90:10〜40:60であることがさらに好ましい。抽出温度は、特に限定されないが10〜80℃が好ましく、20〜60℃であることがさらに好ましい。また、抽出時間も特に限定されないが数分〜2時間が好ましく、10〜60分撹拌抽出を行うことがより好ましい。   When performing polar solvent extraction in the present invention, it is preferable to use 5 to 100 parts by weight of a polar solvent with respect to 1 part by weight of mellow leaves. For example, when using water-containing ethanol, it is more preferable that the amount of water-containing ethanol is 10 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the green leaves. Moreover, although water and ethanol of hydrous ethanol can be mixed by arbitrary ratios, it is more preferable that it is 90: 10-40: 60. Although extraction temperature is not specifically limited, 10-80 degreeC is preferable and it is more preferable that it is 20-60 degreeC. Moreover, although extraction time is not specifically limited, Several minutes-2 hours are preferable, and it is more preferable to perform stirring extraction for 10 to 60 minutes.

さらに、上記含水エタノール抽出液を活性炭等による多孔質体の吸着作用によって、脱色および脱臭を図るのが好ましい。具体的には、抽出液中に活性炭を投入し、必要に応じて攪拌した後、濾過にて活性炭を除去する。そして、その後必要に応じて抽出溶媒を減圧留去する。   Furthermore, it is preferable to decolorize and deodorize the water-containing ethanol extract by the adsorption action of the porous material by activated carbon or the like. Specifically, activated carbon is put into the extract, stirred as necessary, and then the activated carbon is removed by filtration. Then, the extraction solvent is distilled off under reduced pressure as necessary.

上記の抽出液は必要に応じて、極性溶媒を除去して、水溶液や固形物としても良い。また、抽出液を乾燥して固形物とする場合は、デキストリンなどの賦形剤を加えることもでき、スプレードライや凍結乾燥など公知の方法で乾燥することができる。得られた固形物は粉砕もしくは磨砕して粉末状にしても良く、さらに公知の方法によって錠剤、タブレット状などに成形することもできる。   The extract may be an aqueous solution or a solid material by removing the polar solvent as necessary. When the extract is dried to be a solid, an excipient such as dextrin can be added, and the extract can be dried by a known method such as spray drying or freeze drying. The obtained solid may be pulverized or ground to form a powder, and can also be formed into a tablet, tablet or the like by a known method.

上記のようにして得られる芳樟の抽出液又は抽出物は、そのままでも色素の退色防止剤として利用可能であるが、他の退色防止剤、助剤と混合して製剤化してもよい。   The rich extract or extract obtained as described above can be used as it is as an anti-fading agent for pigments, but it may be formulated by mixing with other anti-fading agents and auxiliaries.

退色防止剤としては、例えばL−アスコルビン酸、L−アスコルビン酸ナトリウム、エリソルビン酸、エリソルビン酸ナトリウム、dl−α−トコフェロール、カテキン、酵素処理ルチン、クエルセチン、ブドウ種子抽出物、ローズマリー抽出物、ルチンなどが挙げられる。助剤としては、例えばアラニン等のアミノ酸類、クエン酸等の有機酸及びその塩類、リン酸及びその塩類、重合リン酸塩類、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、フィチン酸などが挙げられる。   Examples of the anti-fading agent include L-ascorbic acid, sodium L-ascorbate, erythorbic acid, sodium erythorbate, dl-α-tocopherol, catechin, enzyme-treated rutin, quercetin, grape seed extract, rosemary extract, rutin Etc. Examples of the auxiliary agent include amino acids such as alanine, organic acids such as citric acid and salts thereof, phosphoric acid and salts thereof, polymerized phosphates, glycerin fatty acid ester, phytic acid and the like.

本発明の退色防止剤は、食品、飼料に添加することが可能である。例えば、食品では、コーヒー、紅茶、茶、果汁、清涼飲料水などの飲料類、牛乳、バター、チーズ、クリームなどの乳製品、みそ汁、スープなどの加工食品、食用油脂、加工油脂、マーガリンなどの油脂類、マヨネーズ、ドレッシングなどの調味料、その他栄養剤、シロップ、ジャムなどの液状もしくは流動状の食品、米飯、もち、パン、ジャガイモ製品などの穀類加工品、チョコレート、キャンディー、焼き菓子などの菓子類、ハム、ソーセージなどの食肉加工品、その他ふりかけなど固形状食品に添加することが可能である。飼料としては、各種キャットフード、ドッグフードなどのペットフード類などに使用することができる。   The anti-fading agent of the present invention can be added to foods and feeds. For example, in foods, beverages such as coffee, tea, tea, fruit juice, soft drinks, dairy products such as milk, butter, cheese, cream, processed foods such as miso soup, soup, edible oils, processed fats, margarines, etc. Seasonings such as fats and oils, mayonnaise, dressings, other nutrients, liquid or fluid foods such as syrup and jam, processed cereals such as cooked rice, rice cakes, bread, potato products, chocolate, candy, baked goods and other confectionery It can be added to processed foods such as ham, sausage and other solid foods such as sprinkles. As feed, it can be used for pet foods such as various cat foods and dog foods.

本発明の退色防止剤の添加量としては、上記食品、飼料中、芳樟抽出液として、0.001〜85重量%、好ましくは0.01〜60重量%である。また、水又はアルコールによる抽出液の溶媒を回収し、濃縮物として、またはさらに乾固して固形物として用いる場合には、当該添加量の1/2〜1/10程度の添加量でも差し支えない。   The addition amount of the anti-fading agent of the present invention is 0.001 to 85% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 60% by weight, as a rich extract in the food and feed. In addition, when the solvent of the extract with water or alcohol is recovered and used as a concentrate or further solidified and used as a solid, an addition amount of about 1/2 to 1/10 of the addition amount may be used. .

(実施例1) 芳樟葉からの退色防止剤の製造
1週間風乾させた芳樟葉8gに50v/v%エタノール120gを添加し、60℃で1時間撹拌して、濾過した。得られた濾液を遠沈分離し、上澄から溶媒を減圧留去することにより、抽出物を得た。
(Example 1) Production of anti-fading agent from mellow leaves 120 g of 50 v / v% ethanol was added to 8 g of mellow leaves that had been air-dried for 1 week, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C for 1 hour and filtered. The obtained filtrate was separated by centrifugation, and the solvent was distilled off from the supernatant under reduced pressure to obtain an extract.

(実施例2) 芳樟葉抽出物の退色防止活性の測定
クチナシ黄色色素を1w/w%となるように希釈し、クチナシ黄色色素溶液を調製した。次いで、この色素溶液に実施例1の芳樟葉抽出物を0.05w/w%添加した。
(Example 2) Measurement of anti-fading activity of mellow leaf extract Gardenia yellow pigment was diluted to 1 w / w% to prepare gardenia yellow pigment solution. Next, 0.05 w / w% of the extract of mellow leaf of Example 1 was added to this dye solution.

得られた色素溶液を無色透明の10mL瓶に10mL入れ、20℃にて蛍光灯照射下(4000ルクス)保管し、480nmにおける吸光度を経時的に測定し、下記式から色素残存率を求めた。また、比較対照として緑茶カテキン(ポリフェノン60A:三井農林株式会社製)を0.05質量%添加したもの、コントロールとして無添加のものを調製し、同様に保管し、480nmにおける吸光度を経時的に測定した。色素残存率の経日変化を図1に示す。

照射サンプルの480nmの吸光度
色素残存率(%)= ─────────────────── ×100
未照射サンプルの480nmの吸光度

図1に示すように、芳樟葉抽出物は、緑茶カテキンに比べ退色防止活性を示し、クチナシ黄色色素の退色防止剤として利用できることが確認された。
10 mL of the obtained dye solution was put into a colorless and transparent 10 mL bottle, stored at 20 ° C. under irradiation with a fluorescent lamp (4000 lux), the absorbance at 480 nm was measured over time, and the dye residual ratio was determined from the following formula. In addition, a green tea catechin (polyphenone 60A: manufactured by Mitsui Norin Co., Ltd.) added at 0.05% by mass as a comparative control and an additive-free one as a control were prepared, stored in the same manner, and the absorbance at 480 nm was measured over time. did. The change with time in the residual ratio of the dye is shown in FIG.

Absorbance of irradiated sample at 480 nm Dye remaining rate (%) = ─────────────────── × 100
Absorbance at 480 nm of unirradiated sample

As shown in FIG. 1, it was confirmed that the mellow leaf extract showed anti-fading activity compared with green tea catechins and could be used as an anti-fading agent for gardenia yellow pigment.

(図1)

Figure 2005058069
(Figure 1)
Figure 2005058069

(実施例3) レモン飲料
果糖ブドウ糖液糖30重量部、ショ糖10重量部、クエン酸0.4重量部、レモン果汁5.0重量部、レモンフレーバー0.2重量部、クチナシ黄色色素0.05重量部、実施例1で得られた抽出物0.005重量部、水で100重量部にし、80℃で30分間加熱殺菌後、冷却してレモン飲料とした。
(Example 3) Lemon beverage Fructose glucose liquid sugar 30 parts by weight, sucrose 10 parts by weight, citric acid 0.4 parts by weight, lemon juice 5.0 parts by weight, lemon flavor 0.2 parts by weight, gardenia yellow pigment 0. 05 parts by weight, 0.005 parts by weight of the extract obtained in Example 1, 100 parts by weight with water, heat sterilized at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then cooled to obtain a lemon beverage.

本発明の退色防止剤は、食品、飼料などクチナシ黄色色素を使用する製品に添加することにより、特に熱、光などによる退色を抑制することができる。   By adding the anti-fading agent of the present invention to products using gardenia yellow pigments such as food and feed, particularly fading due to heat, light, etc. can be suppressed.

Claims (2)

芳樟葉抽出物を有効成分とすることを特徴とするクチナシ黄色色素の退色防止剤。 An anti-fading agent for gardenia yellow pigment, characterized by comprising an extract of melamine leaf as an active ingredient. 請求項1に記載のクチナシ黄色色素の退色防止剤を含むことを特徴とする食品および飼料。 A food and feed comprising the anti-fading agent for gardenia yellow pigment according to claim 1.
JP2003291385A 2003-08-11 2003-08-11 Pigment fading preventive agent Pending JP2005058069A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109463614A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-03-15 郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院 A kind of protective agent of high stability Gardenia Yellow and the preparation process and coloring process of high stability Gardenia Yellow

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109463614A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-03-15 郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院 A kind of protective agent of high stability Gardenia Yellow and the preparation process and coloring process of high stability Gardenia Yellow

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