JP2005047890A - Communication disruptor and communication disruption method for red beetle - Google Patents
Communication disruptor and communication disruption method for red beetle Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
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- 241000270666 Testudines Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- NCDCLPBOMHPFCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC NCDCLPBOMHPFCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PCGACKLJNBBQGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-2-hexenyl butyrate Natural products CCCC=CCOC(=O)CCC PCGACKLJNBBQGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 n-hexyl n-hexylate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000872919 Sciurus aureogaster Species 0.000 claims 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexanoic acid Natural products CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000005667 attractant Substances 0.000 description 3
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- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octanol group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC)O KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000009 alarm pheromone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000031902 chemoattractant activity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YWGHUJQYGPDNKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCCC(Cl)=O YWGHUJQYGPDNKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
【課題】 アカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメの性フェロモンを用いた交信撹乱剤及び交信撹乱方法を提供する。
【解決手段】 ｎ−ヘキサン酸ｎ−ヘキシルと、ｎ−ヘキサン酸（Ｅ）−２−ヘキセニルと、ｎ−ブチル酸ｎ−オクチルを、重量比１０００：（４００〜５００）：（１０〜１００）で混合した混合物を用いると、アカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメにおいて交信撹乱現象を引き起こすことを見出した。
【選択図】 なしPROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a communication disrupting agent and a communication disrupting method using a sex pheromone of red bearded winged turtle.
SOLUTION: n-hexyl n-hexanoate, n-hexanoic acid (E) -2-hexenyl, and n-octyl n-butyrate are in a weight ratio of 1000: (400 to 500): (10 to 100). It was found that the use of a mixture mixed with the above causes a disruption of communication in the red bearded winged turtle.
[Selection figure] None
Description
本発明は、水稲の重要害虫であるアカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメ（Ｔｒｉｇｏｎｏｔｙｌｕｓ ｃａｅｌｅｓｔｉａｌｉｕｍ）の性フェロモンを利用した交信撹乱方法に関するものであり、本交信撹乱法を用いれば、雌雄の性フェロモン交信を撹乱し次世代の発生密度を抑制できるなど害虫防除に資するものである。 The present invention relates to a communication disruption method using a sex pheromone of Trigonotylus caestialium, which is an important pest of rice, and if this communication disruption method is used, the sex pheromone communication between males and females is disturbed. This contributes to the control of pests, such as by suppressing the generation density.
従来、アカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメは斑点米をもたらす害虫として北海道でのみ問題とされていた。しかし、近年東北地方の日本海側から北陸地方を中心に本種の発生と被害が急増し、これらの地域において斑点米を発生させる主要害虫となりつつある。 Traditionally, the red bearded mosquito turtle has been considered a problem only in Hokkaido as a pest that causes spotted rice. However, in recent years, the occurrence and damage of this species has increased rapidly from the Sea of Japan side of the Tohoku region, mainly in the Hokuriku region, and it is becoming a major pest that causes speckled rice in these regions.
アカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメの越冬世代と第一世代は、水田畦畔や周辺の草地に生息するが、出穂後に第二世代の成虫が水田へ侵入し稲を食害し世代を繰り返す。従って、本種の防除では、越冬世代と第一世代の密度を抑制し水田への侵入を防ぐとともに、水田内での増殖を防ぐことが重要となる。 The wintering generation and the first generation of Akahigehosomidorikamisukame live on the shores of paddy fields and the surrounding grassland, but after the heading, the second generation adults invade the paddy field and damage the rice and repeat the generation. Therefore, in this type of control, it is important to control the density of the wintering generation and the first generation to prevent entry into the paddy field and to prevent proliferation in the paddy field.
水田への侵入防止として畦畔の雑草管理方法が様々な角度から検討されているが、除草の時期や規模に不確定な要素が多く確立した技術には到っていない。水田内に侵入してしまった後は農薬散布以外に防除手段が無く、減農薬栽培への大きな障害となっている。農業現場や市場からは農薬に代わる新たな防除法の確立が要求されている。 Weed management methods have been studied from various angles to prevent invasion of paddy fields, but no technology has been established with many uncertain factors regarding the timing and scale of weeding. After invading the paddy field, there is no control means other than pesticide spraying, which is a major obstacle to reduced pesticide cultivation. Agricultural sites and markets require the establishment of new control methods that can replace pesticides.
性フェロモンを用いた交信撹乱方法は、鱗翅目害虫においては広く実用化され、２００２年の実績では約４０万ヘクタールの農作物に使用され減農薬栽培に役立っている。カメムシでは、Ｃａｍｐｌｏｍｍａ ｖｅｒｂａｓｃｉにおける合成性フェロモンを用いた交信撹乱試験の成功が１例報告されているが(非特許文献１)、現時点では実用化されていない。 The communication disruption method using a sex pheromone has been widely put to practical use in lepidopterous pests, and has been used for about 400,000 hectares of crops in 2002, which is useful for reducing pesticide cultivation. In stink bugs, one successful case of a communication disruption test using a synthetic pheromone in Campromma verbasci has been reported (Non-patent Document 1), but it has not been put into practical use at present.
これまで交信撹乱法が成功した害虫種（鱗翅目以外にも半翅目や鞘翅目を含む。）における性フェロモン交信システムは、雌雄の片性（一般的にはメス）のみが性フェロモンを生合成し放出して反対の性（一般的にはオス）を誘引するものであり例外はない。 The sex pheromone communication system in pest species that have been successfully disrupted by communication until now (including lepidopterous and crustacea) includes sex pheromone only in both sexes (generally females). It is synthesized and released to attract the opposite gender (generally male) with no exceptions.
両性がフェロモンを生合成するタイプでは、警報フェロモンが知られるが、このようなフェロモンを用いて交信撹乱が成功した例は皆無である。これは、撹乱されるべき個体自身がフェロモンを所有するため、閾値が上昇し撹乱が起こり難いためであろうと考えられる。 In the type in which both sexes biosynthesize pheromones, alarm pheromones are known, but there have been no examples of successful communication disruption using such pheromones. This is probably because the individual to be disturbed owns the pheromone, so that the threshold rises and the disturbance is unlikely to occur.
アカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメの性フェロモンは、ｎ−ヘキサン酸ｎ−ヘキシル）、ｎ−ヘキサン酸（Ｅ）−２−ヘキセニル、ｎ−ブチル酸ｎ−オクチルの１０００：４００：３０混合物と同定された（非特許文献２）。 The sex pheromone of Akagegesomidorikasukameka was identified as a 1000: 400: 30 mixture of n-hexyl n-hexanoate), n-hexanoic acid (E) -2-hexenyl, n-octyl n-butyrate (non- Patent Document 2).
性フェロモンは、一般に前述のとおり、メスのみが放出しオスを誘引する。しかし、アカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメのオス体表中には、これら性フェロモン成分が普通に存在する。性フェロモン成分を雌雄双方とも生合成している点で、鱗翅目や既存のカメムシの性フェロモンとは大きく性質を異にしている（非特許文献２）。 As described above, the sex pheromone is generally released only by a female and attracts a male. However, these sex pheromone components are normally present in the male body surface of the red bearded winged turtle. The sex pheromone component is biosynthesized by both males and females, and is significantly different from lepidoptera and existing stink bug sex pheromones (Non-patent Document 2).
アカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメにおいて、性フェロモンを保有するオスに誘引性が認められない原因は不明であるが、本種のように雌雄が性フェロモン化合物を生合成する種では、警報フェロモンと同様、交信撹乱による防除効果は期待できないと考えられていた。 The cause of the lack of attractiveness in males with sex pheromones is unknown in the red beetle butterfly turtle, but in species where males and females biosynthesize sex pheromone compounds, such as this species, communication disruption is similar to alarm pheromones. It was thought that the control effect by can not be expected.
本発明の目的は、アカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメの性フェロモンを用いた交信撹乱剤及び交信撹乱方法を提供しようとするものである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a communication disruptor and a communication disruption method using a sex pheromone of the red bearded mosquito turtle.
本発明者らは上記課題の解決のため、アカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメの性フェロモンの交信撹乱法を鋭意検討した結果、ｎ−ヘキサン酸ｎ−ヘキシルと、ｎ−ヘキサン酸（Ｅ）−２−ヘキセニルと、ｎ−ブチル酸ｎ−オクチルを、重量比１０００：（４００〜５００）：（１０〜１００）で混合した混合物を用いると本種において交信撹乱現象を引き起こすことを見出し、本発明を完成した。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have intensively studied the communication disruption method of the sex pheromone of the red beetle moss turtle, and as a result, n-hexanoic acid n-hexyl, n-hexanoic acid (E) -2-hexenyl and It was found that the use of a mixture obtained by mixing n-octyl n-butyrate at a weight ratio of 1000: (400 to 500) :( 10 to 100) causes a communication disruption phenomenon in this species, thereby completing the present invention.
本発明による交信撹乱剤を用いれば、アカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメの性フェロモン交信を有効に阻害でき、従来、殺虫剤でしか防除できなかった水田内で本種の増殖を抑制することが可能となり、総合的害虫防除技術の確立に資することができる。 With the use of the communication disruptor according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively inhibit sex pheromone communication of the red bearded mosquito turtle, and it is possible to suppress the growth of this species in rice fields that could only be controlled with insecticides in the past. Can contribute to the establishment of technical pest control technology.
本発明に用いる性フェロモンであるｎ−ヘキサン酸ｎ−ヘキシルとｎ−ヘキサン酸（Ｅ）−２−ヘキセニルとｎ−ブチル酸ｎ−オクチルは、公知の方法で合成できる。例えば、トリエチルアミン等の塩基存在下にアルコール体とカルボン酸クロリドとを反応させれば、３化合物とも同じ手法で合成することができる。具体的には、ｎ−ヘキサン酸ｎ−ヘキシルは、１−ヘキサノールとｎ−ヘキサン酸クロリド、ｎ−ヘキサン酸（Ｅ）−２−ヘキセニルは、（Ｅ）−２−ヘキセノールとｎ−ヘキサン酸クロリド、ｎ−ブチル酸ｎ−オクチルは、１−オクタノールとｎ−ブタン酸クロリドである。純度とし、９８％以上が好ましい。
ｎ−ヘキサン酸ｎ−ヘキシルとｎ−ヘキサン酸（Ｅ）−２−ヘキセニルとｎ−ブチル酸ｎ−オクチルは、重量比１０００：（４００〜５００）：（１０〜１００）となるように混合される。
The n-hexyl n-hexanoate, n-hexanoic acid (E) -2-hexenyl and n-octyl n-butyrate, which are sex pheromones used in the present invention, can be synthesized by known methods. For example, if an alcohol and a carboxylic acid chloride are reacted in the presence of a base such as triethylamine, all three compounds can be synthesized by the same method. Specifically, n-hexanoic acid n-hexyl is 1-hexanol and n-hexanoic acid chloride, and n-hexanoic acid (E) -2-hexenyl is (E) -2-hexenol and n-hexanoic acid chloride. N-octyl n-butyrate is 1-octanol and n-butanoic acid chloride. The purity is preferably 98% or more.
n-hexyl n-hexanoate, n-hexanoic acid (E) -2-hexenyl and n-octyl n-butyrate are mixed so that the weight ratio is 1000: (400 to 500): (10 to 100). The
また、本発明による交信撹乱剤において上記成分に、ブチルヒドロキシトルエン、ブチルヒドロキシアニソール、ハイドロキノン、ビタミンＥ等の抗酸化剤や２−ヒドロキシ−４−オクトキシベンゾフェノン等の紫外線吸収剤を適量加えても良い。適量とは、性フェロモンの混合物の重量に対して、例えば、抗酸化剤は１〜５重量％であり、紫外線吸収剤は１〜５重量％である。 Further, in the communication disruptor according to the present invention, an appropriate amount of an antioxidant such as butylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, hydroquinone, vitamin E, or an ultraviolet absorber such as 2-hydroxy-4-octoxybenzophenone may be added to the above components. good. The appropriate amount is, for example, 1 to 5% by weight of the antioxidant and 1 to 5% by weight of the ultraviolet absorber with respect to the weight of the sex pheromone mixture.
なお、本発明の交信攪乱法において、有効成分として含有する上記性フェロモン物質を長期間にわたって持続させるために、これを例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、エチレン−酢酸ビニール共重合体等の放出量制御機能を有するプラスチックからなる細管、ラミネ―ト製の袋、アンプル等の容器に充填して用いられてもよいし、ゴムキャップ等に含浸させて使用しても良い。上記フェロモン物質の好ましい使用量は、１０〜２００ｇ／ｈａである。
特に、アカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメの性フェロモンの場合、高密度のポリエチレンチューブを用いることで、徐放性の優れた製剤を作成することが可能となる。
In the communication disruption method of the present invention, in order to maintain the above-mentioned sex pheromone substance contained as an active ingredient over a long period of time, it is provided with a function of controlling the release amount of, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, etc. It may be used by being filled in a container such as a thin tube made of plastic, a bag made of laminate, an ampoule, or may be used by impregnating a rubber cap or the like. The preferable usage-amount of the said pheromone substance is 10-200 g / ha.
In particular, in the case of the sex pheromone of Akagegehosomidikasikame, it is possible to create a preparation with excellent sustained release by using a high-density polyethylene tube.
以下、本発明の具体的態様を実施例及び比較例によって説明する。
実施例１〜２及び比較例１〜２
ｎ−ヘキサン酸ｎ−ヘキシル、ｎ−ヘキサン酸（Ｅ）−２−ヘキセニル、ｎ−ブチル酸ｎ−オクチルを重量比１０００：４００：３０に混合し、ｎ−ヘキサンで１０ｍｇ／１００μｌとなるよう希釈した（実施例１〜２）。この希釈液には、酸化防止剤としてブチルヒドロキシトルエンを２重量％添加した。本希釈液より１００μｌ取り出し、イソプレンゴムに含浸させ、溶剤を蒸発させたものを交信撹乱剤として使用した。
約０．５ｈａのイタリアンライグラス圃場から、５ｍ×５ｍ（２５ｍ２）の区を１０ｍ以上離して２区設けた。交信撹乱区（実施例１と２）の四隅には、前述の交信撹乱剤を１個ずつ地上約５０ｃｍの高さに配置し、中心部に非特許文献２を参考にしたアカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメの誘引剤を備えた水盤式トラップを設置した。また、無処理区（比較例１と２）の四隅には合成性フェロモンを含まない空の撹乱製剤を配置し、中央部には交信撹乱剤と同様に水盤式トラップを設置した。
設置後毎日、各トラップへのアカヒゲホソミドリカスミカメのオス成虫の誘殺数を数えた。試験は、２００２年８月３０日〜９月２３日と２００２年１０月７日〜１０月３１日の２反復行われた。
その結果として、各区の誘殺数を表１に示す。
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.
Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2
n-hexyl n-hexanoate, n-hexanoic acid (E) -2-hexenyl and n-octyl n-butyrate were mixed at a weight ratio of 1000: 400: 30, and diluted to 10 mg / 100 μl with n-hexane. (Examples 1-2). To this diluted solution, 2% by weight of butylhydroxytoluene was added as an antioxidant. 100 μl was taken out from the diluted solution, impregnated with isoprene rubber, and evaporated to use the communication disruptor.
Two sections of 5 m × 5 m (25 m 2 ) were separated from an approximately 0.5 ha Italian ryegrass field by 10 m or more. At the four corners of the communication disruption zone (Examples 1 and 2), each of the communication disruptors described above is placed at a height of about 50 cm above the ground, and the center of the red-bellied fossil midge turtle with reference to Non-Patent Document 2 is placed at the center. A basin trap equipped with an attractant was installed. In addition, empty disturbing preparations containing no synthetic pheromone were placed at the four corners of the untreated section (Comparative Examples 1 and 2), and a basin-type trap was placed at the center as in the case of the communication disturbing agent.
Every day after installation, the number of adult males of the red bearded winged turtle was counted in each trap. The test was conducted twice from August 30 to September 23, 2002 and from October 7 to October 31, 2002.
As a result, the number of killings in each section is shown in Table 1.
撹乱剤処理を行わない比較例１及び比較例２では３週間で１５０頭以上のオス成虫が誘引されている。しかし、撹乱剤を処理した実施例１および実施例２では、誘引数が７０％以上減少しており、明瞭な交信撹乱現象が起こっていることがわかる。 In Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 in which no disturbing agent treatment is performed, 150 or more male adults are attracted in 3 weeks. However, in Example 1 and Example 2 in which the disturbing agent was treated, the attracting argument decreased by 70% or more, and it can be seen that a clear communication disturbing phenomenon occurred.
実施例３〜４及び比較例３〜４
次に、羽化後５日以内の処女雌１０頭の誘引剤として中央の水盤式トラップ上に配置し、その５ｍ四方の四隅に１０ｍｇの交信撹乱剤を処理した場合（計４個）、及び、５ｍ四方の区画に１ｍ間隔で格子状に１０ｍｇの交信撹乱剤を処理した場合（計３６個）での交信撹乱試験結果を表２に示す。
Examples 3-4 and Comparative Examples 3-4
Next, when 10 virgin females within 5 days after emergence are placed on the central laver trap as the attractant, and 10 mg of communication disrupter is treated at the four corners of the 5 m square (total of 4), and Table 2 shows the results of the communication disruption test when 10 mg of the communication disruptor was processed in a lattice pattern at intervals of 1 m in a 5 m square section (a total of 36).
誘引源に合成性フェロモンを用いた場合には、撹乱剤４個で充分な誘引阻害効果が認められていたが、処女雌１０頭を誘引源として用いた場合、比較例３に比べ誘引数の低下は見られるもののその効果は充分とはいえなかった（実施例３）。
しかし、撹乱剤の個数を３６個に増やした場合（実施例４）、１カ月間に僅か２頭しか誘引されず、雌雄の性フェロモン交信をきわめて効率的に撹乱していることがわかる。
When a synthetic pheromone was used as the attracting source, 4 attractants had a sufficient attracting inhibitory effect. However, when 10 virgin females were used as the attracting source, the attracting argument was higher than that of Comparative Example 3. Although a decrease was observed, the effect was not sufficient (Example 3).
However, when the number of disturbing agents is increased to 36 (Example 4), only two animals are attracted in one month, and it can be seen that the sex pheromone communication between males and females is disturbed very efficiently.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012126693A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-07-05 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co Ltd | Stenotus rubrovittatus-attracting composition, sustained release attractant and trap device |
| JP2012250962A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-20 | National Institute For Agro-Environmental Science | Sex attractant material for crisicoccus matsumotoi, and sex attractant |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012126693A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-07-05 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co Ltd | Stenotus rubrovittatus-attracting composition, sustained release attractant and trap device |
| JP2012250962A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-20 | National Institute For Agro-Environmental Science | Sex attractant material for crisicoccus matsumotoi, and sex attractant |
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